阅读说明：本技术 一种生物质供热系统用焦油脱除装置 (Tar removing device for biomass heating system ) 是由 董燕萍 邓先伦 蒋剑春 应浩 戴伟娣 龚建平 孙康 徐俊明 许玉 孙云娟 于 2020-11-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的目的是提出一种生物质供热系统用焦油脱除装置,以除去生物质燃气中的焦油。本发明的生物质供热系统用焦油脱除装置包括一个容器,容器的底部设有沉淀腔,沉淀腔的一侧上方设有第一水洗腔,另一侧上方设有第二水洗腔,所述沉淀腔与第二水洗腔之间设有一块可拆卸式的过滤筛板；第一水洗腔的顶端设有燃气入口,第二水洗腔的顶端设有燃气出口；第一水洗腔及第二水洗腔内均设有多个与循环水管连通的喷嘴；沉淀腔在远离第一水洗腔的一侧的上方设有与所述循环水管相通的出水口,且沉淀腔在靠近第一水洗腔的一侧的底部设有第一焦油回收口及第一焦油回收阀,沉淀腔在第一焦油回收口与出水口之间设置有迷宫水道,所述循环水管设有水泵。(The invention aims to provide a tar removal device for a biomass heating system to remove tar in biomass fuel gas. The tar removal device for the biomass heating system comprises a container, wherein a precipitation cavity is arranged at the bottom of the container, a first water washing cavity is arranged above one side of the precipitation cavity, a second water washing cavity is arranged above the other side of the precipitation cavity, and a detachable filtering sieve plate is arranged between the precipitation cavity and the second water washing cavity; the top end of the first water washing cavity is provided with a gas inlet, and the top end of the second water washing cavity is provided with a gas outlet; a plurality of nozzles communicated with the circulating water pipe are arranged in the first water washing cavity and the second water washing cavity; the top of one side of keeping away from first washing chamber in the sediment chamber be equipped with the communicating delivery port of circulating pipe, and the bottom of sediment chamber one side near first washing chamber is equipped with first tar and retrieves mouth and first tar recovery valve, and the sediment chamber is provided with the maze water course between mouth and delivery port is retrieved to first tar, circulating pipe is equipped with the water pump.)

1. A tar removal device for a biomass heating system is characterized by comprising a container, wherein a precipitation cavity is arranged at the bottom of the container, a first washing cavity is arranged above one side of the precipitation cavity, a second washing cavity is arranged above the other side of the precipitation cavity, and a detachable filtering sieve plate is arranged between the precipitation cavity and the second washing cavity; the top end of the first water washing cavity is provided with a gas inlet, and the top end of the second water washing cavity is provided with a gas outlet; a plurality of nozzles communicated with the circulating water pipe are arranged in the first water washing cavity and the second water washing cavity; a water outlet communicated with the circulating water pipe is arranged above one side of the sedimentation cavity far away from the first water washing cavity, a first tar recovery port and a first tar recovery valve are arranged at the bottom of one side of the sedimentation cavity close to the first water washing cavity, a labyrinth water channel is arranged between the first tar recovery port and the water outlet of the sedimentation cavity, and the labyrinth water channel comprises a first baffle plate extending downwards from the top of the sedimentation cavity and a second baffle plate extending upwards from the bottom of the sedimentation cavity; the circulating water pipe is provided with a water pump.

2. The tar removing device for a biomass heating system according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the container is provided with an inwardly protruding wedge-shaped protrusion so that the cross-sectional area of the second water washing chamber is gradually reduced along the gas traveling direction.

3. The tar removal device for a biomass heating system according to claim 1, wherein horizontal grooves are formed in the opposite inner walls of the two sides of the container, and the filter sieve plate is slidably mounted in the horizontal grooves; the container wall is provided with a sieve plate replacing opening for the filter sieve plate to pass in and out.

4. The tar removing device for a biomass heating system according to claim 1, wherein the settling chamber is further communicated with a water level observing chamber through a water pipe, and the water level observing chamber is provided with a super water level overflow outlet at a position higher than the water outlet.

5. The tar removing device for a biomass heating system according to claim 4, wherein a second tar recovery port and a second tar recovery valve are provided at the bottom of the water level observation chamber.

6. The tar removal device for a biomass heating system according to claim 1, wherein the top end of the second baffle is higher than the bottom end of the first baffle and lower than the water outlet.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, and particularly relates to a tar removal device for a biomass heat supply system.

Background

The biomass heating system is a new energy heating system which utilizes fuel gas generated by a biomass gasification furnace to supply heat. During biomass gasification, coke and tar are both unavoidable by-products. Tar is gaseous at high temperatures, can be mixed completely with combustible gases, and condenses to a liquid at low temperatures (typically below 200 ℃). The presence of tar can adversely affect biomass gasification and its utilization. Firstly, the gasification efficiency of the gasification furnace is reduced, the energy of tar products in the gasified fuel gas generally accounts for 5% -15% of the total energy, the part of energy is difficult to be utilized together with combustible gas at low temperature, and most of the energy is wasted; in addition, tar condensed into fine droplets is difficult to burn off, particles such as carbon black are easily generated during combustion, and the tar causes considerable damage to gas-utilizing equipment such as boilers. For these reasons, it is necessary to provide a tar removal device in the biomass heating system to remove the influence of tar on the heating system as much as possible.

The invention patent with the patent number of 201320383206.8 discloses a biomass gas tar filtering and recycling device, which can realize the recycling of tar and avoid the secondary pollution of filtering waste water to the environment. The recovery device comprises a container, wherein a sedimentation cavity is arranged at the bottom of the container, and a water washing cavity and a filtering cavity are arranged at the upper part of the container; a gas inlet is arranged above the water washing cavity, the lower part of the water washing cavity is respectively communicated with the top of the precipitation cavity and the bottom of the filter cavity, and a plurality of nozzles communicated with a circulating water pipe are arranged in the water washing cavity; the filter cavity is provided with a gas outlet, a plurality of filter sieve walls are arranged between the gas outlet and the water washing cavity, and nozzles which face the filter sieve walls and are communicated with the circulating water pipe are arranged in the filter cavity; a water outlet communicated with the circulating water pipe is arranged above one side of the sedimentation cavity far away from the washing cavity, a first tar recovery port and a first tar recovery valve are arranged at the bottom of one side of the sedimentation cavity close to the washing cavity, and a labyrinth water channel is arranged between the first tar recovery port and the water outlet in the sedimentation cavity; the circulating water pipe is provided with a water pump. In the actual use process, the resistance of the filtering sieve wall to the fuel gas is too large, so that the fuel gas is not smoothly supplied, the normal operation of a combustion device of a heating system can be influenced, and the filtering sieve wall can be blocked by tar after being used for a long time and cannot be continuously used, so that a tar removing device suitable for a biomass heating system needs to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tar removal device for a biomass heating system to remove tar in biomass fuel gas.

The tar removal device for the biomass heating system comprises a container, wherein a precipitation cavity is arranged at the bottom of the container, a first water washing cavity is arranged above one side of the precipitation cavity, a second water washing cavity is arranged above the other side of the precipitation cavity, and a detachable filtering sieve plate is arranged between the precipitation cavity and the second water washing cavity; the top end of the first water washing cavity is provided with a gas inlet, and the top end of the second water washing cavity is provided with a gas outlet; a plurality of nozzles communicated with the circulating water pipe are arranged in the first water washing cavity and the second water washing cavity; a water outlet communicated with the circulating water pipe is arranged above one side of the sedimentation cavity far away from the first water washing cavity, a first tar recovery port and a first tar recovery valve are arranged at the bottom of one side of the sedimentation cavity close to the first water washing cavity, a labyrinth water channel is arranged between the first tar recovery port and the water outlet of the sedimentation cavity, and the labyrinth water channel comprises a first baffle plate extending downwards from the top of the sedimentation cavity and a second baffle plate extending upwards from the bottom of the sedimentation cavity; the circulating water pipe is provided with a water pump.

The biomass gas gets into from the gas entry, at first by the perpendicular downward flow direction precipitation chamber of first washing chamber, the gas is at the flow in-process in first washing chamber, the nozzle sprays the washing for the first time to the gas, the temperature of gas has been reduced, make tar condense into tiny liquid drop gradually, and make most tar that contains in the gas flow into the precipitation intracavity along with water, the gas is after the precipitation chamber washing, get into the second washing chamber of opposite side top by the precipitation chamber, the gas flows along the gas export after the filtration of filter sieve and the washing once more in second washing chamber. The sewage in the second washing intracavity flows into to the precipitation intracavity through filtering the sieve, has also washed filtering the sieve simultaneously, makes the tar that its surface was gathered flow down, avoids filtering the sieve jam. The sewage flowing into the settling chamber contains more tar, the tar and the sewage are naturally layered in the settling chamber under the action of gravity, most of the tar is settled at the bottom of the settling chamber, and the carbon ash can float on the water surface. The water of sediment intracavity can flow to the delivery port through maze water course, and at the in-process that flows to the delivery port, the tar that floats in the surface of water in the sediment intracavity can be blocked by first shelves board, and the deposit can be blocked by second shelves board at the tar under water, and then makes the water of delivery port department become clean, and tar content significantly reduces, can be under the effect of water pump, through circulating pipe flow direction washing chamber and filter chamber, makes water obtain cyclic utilization.

After the use of longer time, the bottom in precipitation chamber probably gathers more tar, opens first tar recovery valve this moment, and under the effect of water, tar can be followed first tar and is retrieved the mouth and flow out, collects tar and can sell as chemical raw materials.

Furthermore, the side wall of the container is provided with an inward-protruding wedge-shaped convex part, so that the sectional area of the second water washing cavity is gradually reduced along the advancing direction of the fuel gas, the flow speed of the fuel gas can be gradually increased in the process of flowing to the fuel gas outlet, and the normal fuel gas supply of the combustion device of the heat supply system is ensured.

Furthermore, horizontal grooves are formed in the opposite inner walls of the two sides of the container, and the filtering sieve plates are slidably mounted in the horizontal grooves; the container wall is provided with a sieve plate replacing opening for the filter sieve plate to pass in and out. After using the longer time, can change the mouth from the sieve and take out the filtration sieve, carry out degree of depth clearance or directly change the filtration sieve of renewal to filtering the sieve to the filtering capability who guarantees to filter the sieve is normal.

Furthermore, in order to conveniently observe the water level in the sedimentation cavity, the sedimentation cavity is communicated with a water level observation cavity through a water pipe, and the water level observation cavity is provided with a super water level overflow outlet at a position higher than the water outlet. According to the principle of the communicating vessel, the water level height of the water level observation cavity is the water level height of the sedimentation cavity, and when the water level of the sedimentation cavity is too high, water in the sedimentation cavity flows out along the overflow outlet of the super water level.

Further, the bottom in water level observation chamber is equipped with second tar and retrieves mouth and second tar recovery valve, because the water of settling the intracavity can contain tar, therefore the bottom in water level observation chamber probably also has tar deposit, sets up second tar and retrieves mouth and second tar recovery valve here, can retrieve the tar that flows into in the water level observation intracavity.

Furthermore, the top end of the second baffle is higher than the bottom end of the first baffle and lower than the water outlet, so that no matter how the water level in the sedimentation cavity is, in the process that water flows to the water outlet, carbon ash and the like floating on the water surface in the sedimentation cavity can be blocked by the first baffle, and tar deposited underwater can be blocked by the second baffle, so that the water at the water outlet becomes clean, and the tar content and the carbon ash are greatly reduced.

The tar removing device for the biomass heating system disclosed by the invention is subjected to multi-stage washing and filtering, so that the tar filtering effect reaches more than 98%; the tar-containing wastewater obtained by filtering is layered through precipitation, so that tar can be conveniently recovered, and the waste of a fuel gas heat value is avoided; and the wastewater is recycled without being discharged, thereby avoiding secondary pollution to the environment. The tar removal device has small pressure loss to fuel gas, and the filter sieve plate is easy to clean and is very suitable for a biomass heating system.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tar removal device for a biomass heating system according to example 1.

The figures are numbered: 1. a container; 2. a sedimentation chamber; 3. a first water washing chamber; 4. a second water washing chamber; 5. filtering the sieve plate; 6. a gas inlet; 7. a gas outlet; 8. a circulating water pipe; 9. a nozzle; 10. a water outlet; 11. a first tar recovery port; 12. a first tar recovery valve; 13. a first baffle plate; 14. a second baffle plate; 15. a water pump; 16. a convex portion; 17. a sieve plate replacing port; 18. a water level observation cavity; 19. an overflow outlet for excess water; 20. a second tar recovery port; 21. a second tar recovery valve.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention, such as shapes and structures of respective members, mutual positions and connection relationships between respective portions, and actions and operation principles of the respective portions, in further detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

the embodiment provides a tar removal device for a biomass heating system to remove tar in biomass fuel gas.

As shown in fig. 1, the tar removing device for a biomass heating system in this embodiment includes a container 1, a sedimentation chamber 2 is disposed at the bottom of the container 1, a first water washing chamber 3 is disposed above one side of the sedimentation chamber 2, a second water washing chamber 4 is disposed above the other side of the sedimentation chamber 2, and a detachable filter sieve plate 5 is disposed between the sedimentation chamber 2 and the second water washing chamber 4; the top end of the first water washing cavity 3 is provided with a gas inlet 6, and the top end of the second water washing cavity 4 is provided with a gas outlet 7; a plurality of nozzles 9 communicated with a circulating water pipe 8 are arranged in the first water washing cavity 3 and the second water washing cavity 4; a water outlet 10 communicated with the circulating water pipe 8 is arranged above one side of the sedimentation cavity 2 far away from the first washing cavity 3, a first tar recovery port 11 and a first tar recovery valve 12 are arranged at the bottom of one side of the sedimentation cavity 2 close to the first washing cavity 3, a labyrinth water channel is arranged between the first tar recovery port 11 and the water outlet 10 of the sedimentation cavity 2, and the labyrinth water channel comprises a first baffle plate 13 extending downwards from the top of the sedimentation cavity 2 and a second baffle plate 14 extending upwards from the bottom of the sedimentation cavity 2; the top end of the second baffle plate 14 is higher than the bottom end of the first baffle plate 13 and lower than the water outlet 10; the circulating water pipe 8 is provided with a water pump 15.

The side wall of the container 1 close to one side of the second washing cavity 4 is provided with an inwardly protruding wedge-shaped convex part 16, so that the cross-sectional area of the second washing cavity 4 is gradually reduced along the advancing direction of the fuel gas, and the flow speed of the fuel gas can be gradually increased in the process of flowing to the fuel gas outlet 7, so as to ensure that the fuel gas supply of the combustion device of the heating system is normal.

The inner walls of two opposite sides of the container 1 are provided with horizontal grooves, and the filtering sieve plates 5 are slidably arranged at the horizontal grooves; the wall of the container 1 is provided with a sieve plate replacing opening 17 for the filter sieve plate 5 to enter and exit. After using for a long time, can change mouthful 17 from the sieve and take out filtering sieve 5, carry out degree of depth clearance or directly change new filtering sieve 5 to guarantee that filtering sieve 5's filtering capability is normal.

In order to facilitate observing the water level in the sedimentation cavity 2, the sedimentation cavity 2 is also communicated with a water level observing cavity 18 through a water pipe, and the water level observing cavity 18 is provided with a super water level overflow outlet 19 at a position higher than the water outlet 10. According to the principle of the communicating vessel, the water level of the water level observing cavity 18 is the water level of the settling cavity 2, and when the water level of the settling cavity 2 is too high, the water in the settling cavity 2 flows out along the overflow outlet 19. The bottom of the water level observation cavity 18 is provided with a second tar recovery port 20 and a second tar recovery valve 21, and the water in the sedimentation cavity 2 contains tar, so that tar may be deposited on the bottom of the water level observation cavity 18, and the second tar recovery port 20 and the second tar recovery valve 21 are provided therein, so that tar flowing into the water level observation cavity 18 can be recovered.

Biomass gas gets into from gas entry 6, at first by the perpendicular downward flow of first washing chamber 3 to precipitation chamber 2, the gas is at the flow in-process of first washing chamber 3, nozzle 9 carries out the first time spray washing to the gas, the temperature of gas has been reduced, make tar condense into tiny liquid drop gradually, and make most tar that contains in the gas flow into precipitation chamber 2 along with water, the gas is after precipitation chamber 2 washing, get into the second washing chamber 4 of opposite side top by precipitation chamber 2, the gas is after the filtration of filtering sieve 5 and the second washing chamber 4 wash again, flow along gas outlet 7. The sewage in the second washing chamber 4 flows into the sedimentation chamber 2 through the filtering sieve plate 5, and simultaneously the filtering sieve plate 5 is washed, so that the tar accumulated on the surface of the filtering sieve plate flows down, and the filtering sieve plate 5 is prevented from being blocked.

The sewage flowing into the sedimentation cavity 2 contains more tar, the tar and the sewage are naturally layered in the sedimentation cavity 2 under the action of gravity, most of the tar is settled at the bottom of the sedimentation cavity 2, and the carbon ash can float on the water surface. Water in the sedimentation chamber 2 can flow to delivery port 10 through the maze water course, at the in-process that flows to delivery port 10, the tar that floats in the surface of water in the sedimentation chamber 2 can be by first shelves board 13 separation, and the deposit can be by second shelves board 14 separation at the tar under water, and then makes the water of delivery port 10 department become clean, tar content significantly reduces, can be under water pump 15's effect, through 8 flow direction wash chamber of circulating pipe and filter chamber, make water obtain cyclic utilization.

After a long time of use, more tar may be accumulated at the bottom of the settling chamber 2, at this time, the first tar recovery valve 12 is opened, and under the action of water, tar can flow out along the first tar recovery port 11, and the tar is collected and can be sold as chemical raw materials.

The invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of the components set forth in the following description, as long as the invention is capable of being practiced without modification in any way whatsoever, and is capable of other applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.