阅读说明：本技术 弹性定位套及其制造方法、轴箱定位装置、转向架 (Elastic positioning sleeve and manufacturing method thereof, axle box positioning device and bogie ) 是由 李喆 王焱 于 2019-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开实施例是关于一种弹性定位套、轴箱定位装置、适用于轨道车辆的转向架及弹性定位套的制造方法。该弹性定位套包括内套、外套和弹性橡胶层,其中,外套是高分子材料外套；弹性橡胶层位于内套和高分子材料外套之间。本公开实施例,一方面,采用高分子材料外套,有利于减少外套与弹性橡胶层之间的内应力,防止弹性定位套开胶,提高弹性定位套的使用寿命；另一方面,弹性定位套采用高分子材料外套,由于外套与金属的低摩擦系数,减少导柱与弹性定位套和弹性定位套与定位座摩擦套之间撞击、磨损的发生,实现轴箱与构架在纵横方向的定位,不影响弹性定位套的主要功能,使弹性定位套的使用寿命增长,使用更安全可靠。(The embodiment of the disclosure relates to an elastic locating sleeve, an axle box locating device, a bogie suitable for a railway vehicle and a manufacturing method of the elastic locating sleeve. The elastic positioning sleeve comprises an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve and an elastic rubber layer, wherein the outer sleeve is a high polymer material outer sleeve; the elastic rubber layer is positioned between the inner sleeve and the high polymer material outer sleeve. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, on one hand, the outer sleeve made of the high polymer material is adopted, so that the internal stress between the outer sleeve and the elastic rubber layer is reduced, the rubber of the elastic positioning sleeve is prevented from being separated, and the service life of the elastic positioning sleeve is prolonged; on the other hand, the elastic positioning sleeve is made of a high polymer material, and due to the low friction coefficient of the outer sleeve and metal, the occurrence of impact and abrasion between the guide pillar and the elastic positioning sleeve and between the elastic positioning sleeve and the positioning seat friction sleeve is reduced, the positioning of the axle box and the framework in the longitudinal and transverse directions is realized, the main function of the elastic positioning sleeve is not influenced, the service life of the elastic positioning sleeve is prolonged, and the use is safer and more reliable.)

1. An elastic locating sleeve, comprising:

an inner sleeve;

the outer sleeve is made of high polymer materials;

and the elastic rubber layer is positioned between the inner sleeve and the high polymer material outer sleeve.

2. The elastic locating sleeve of claim 1, wherein the elastic rubber layer is formed by rubber vulcanization between the inner sleeve and the outer polymeric sleeve.

3. The elastic locating sleeve of claim 1, wherein the melting point of the polymer material outer sleeve is greater than or equal to 200 ℃.

4. The flexible locating sleeve of claim 1, wherein the polymeric outer sleeve is a nylon or polyethylene outer sleeve.

5. The elastic locating sleeve of claim 1, wherein both ends of the elastic rubber layer are concave.

6. A shaft box positioning device, characterized by comprising the elastic positioning sleeve of any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A bogie for a railway vehicle, comprising the axlebox locating device of claim 6.

8. A method of making a flexible boot, comprising:

providing an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, wherein the outer sleeve is a high polymer material outer sleeve;

and vulcanizing rubber between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the high polymer material to form an elastic rubber layer.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the inner sleeve has an inner diameter smaller than the fitting dimension, and wherein the step of vulcanizing rubber between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of polymer material to form the elastic rubber layer further comprises:

and after vulcanization cooling, extruding the elastic positioning sleeve from inside to outside to enlarge the inner diameter of the inner sleeve to the assembling size.

10. The method of manufacturing of claim 9, wherein after the step of pressing the resilient positioning sleeve from inside to outside to expand the inner diameter of the inner sleeve to an assembled size, further comprising:

and processing the high polymer material jacket to an assembly size.

Technical Field

The embodiment of the disclosure relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, in particular to an elastic locating sleeve, an axle box locating device, a bogie applicable to railway vehicles and a manufacturing method of the elastic locating sleeve.

Background

In the passenger car bogie, the axle box positioning device is of a guide column structure and comprises a spring support, a guide column positioning sleeve, an axle box elastic positioning sleeve, a rubber cushion pad and the like, and the axle box and the framework are positioned in the longitudinal and transverse directions by mutual restriction between the guide column positioning sleeve and the axle box elastic positioning sleeve which are respectively pressed on the spring support and a supporting ring.

The elastic locating sleeve is an important part of the axle box locating device, realizes the elastic locating between the wheel set and the framework, and enables the axle box to have relatively small displacement in the allowable clearance range in the left-right direction and the front-back direction relative to the wheel set in the running process of a train. In the related technology, after the passenger car speeds up, the car body shakes seriously, the elastic locating sleeve of the axle box is seriously worn, the gap between the elastic locating sleeve of the axle box of a certain type of bogie and the locating sleeve of the guide pillar is designed to be 1-1.57 mm, the allowable abrasion limit of the section repair is 2mm, the actual gap reaches 7-8 mm, and the individual gap can reach 10mm, so that the locating device loses the locating function.

The elastic locating sleeve is used for directly vulcanizing an outer steel sleeve and an inner steel sleeve together through rubber. Because the difference between the rubber and the metal caused by expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold is large, the joint surface of the outer sleeve and the rubber has large shrinkage stress after vulcanization and cooling, and the joint surface can have the phenomenon of glue opening in early stage in use, so that a gap is formed, the radial play amount is increased, and the elastic positioning sleeve has the problems of glue opening, impact, serious abrasion, short service life and the like.

Accordingly, there is a need to ameliorate one or more of the problems with the related art solutions described above.

It is noted that this section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the disclosure that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the disclosed embodiments is to provide a resilient locating bush, an axle box locating apparatus, a bogie suitable for a railway vehicle, and a method of manufacturing the resilient locating bush, which overcome one or more of the problems due to the limitations and disadvantages of the related art, at least to some extent.

According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an elastic positioning sleeve, including an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve and an elastic rubber layer, wherein the outer sleeve is a polymer material outer sleeve; the elastic rubber layer is positioned between the inner sleeve and the high polymer material outer sleeve.

In one embodiment, the elastic rubber layer is formed by vulcanizing rubber between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the polymer material.

In one embodiment, the melting point of the polymer jacket is 200 ℃ or higher.

In one embodiment, the polymeric material jacket is a nylon jacket or a polyethylene jacket.

In one embodiment, both ends of the elastic rubber layer are concave.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided an axle box positioning device, which includes the elastic positioning sleeve of the above embodiments.

According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a bogie for a rail vehicle, the bogie comprising the axle box positioning apparatus of the above embodiments.

According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of manufacturing an elastic positioning sleeve, the method including:

providing an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, wherein the outer sleeve is a high polymer material outer sleeve;

and vulcanizing rubber between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the high polymer material to form an elastic rubber layer.

In one embodiment, the inner sleeve has an inner diameter smaller than the fitting dimension, and after the step of vulcanizing rubber between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve made of the polymer material to form the elastic rubber layer, the method further comprises the following steps:

and after vulcanization cooling, extruding the elastic positioning sleeve from inside to outside to enlarge the inner diameter of the inner sleeve to the assembling size.

In one embodiment, after the step of pressing the elastic positioning sleeve from inside to outside to expand the inner diameter of the inner sleeve to the assembling size, the method further comprises the following steps:

and processing the high polymer material jacket to an assembly size.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can have the following beneficial effects:

in the embodiment of the disclosure, by the elastic locating sleeve, the axle box locating device, the bogie suitable for the railway vehicle and the manufacturing method of the elastic locating sleeve, on one hand, the outer sleeve made of the high polymer material is adopted, so that the internal stress between the outer sleeve and the elastic rubber layer is favorably reduced, the elastic locating sleeve is prevented from being split, and the service life of the elastic locating sleeve is prolonged; on the other hand, the elastic locating sleeve is made of a high polymer material outer sleeve, and due to the low friction coefficient of the outer sleeve and metal, the occurrence of collision and abrasion between the guide post and the elastic locating sleeve and between the elastic locating sleeve and the locating seat friction sleeve is reduced, the location of the axle box and the framework in the longitudinal and transverse directions is realized, the main function of the elastic locating sleeve is not influenced, the service life of the elastic locating sleeve is prolonged, and the use is safer and more reliable; on the other hand, after vulcanization, the elastic positioning sleeve is extruded from inside to outside, so that the inner diameter of the inner sleeve is enlarged to the assembly size, the tensile stress between the outer sleeve and the elastic rubber layer is further eliminated, the compressive stress is formed, the elastic positioning sleeve is prevented from being separated from the rubber, and the service life of the elastic positioning sleeve is prolonged.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a resilient positioning sleeve in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a resilient positioning sleeve in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart for manufacturing a flexible locating sleeve in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a reaming tool in an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of embodiments of the disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities.

The present exemplary embodiment first provides a resilient positioning sleeve. Referring to fig. 1, the elastic locating sleeve may include an elastic rubber layer 1, an outer sleeve 2 and an inner sleeve 3, wherein the outer sleeve 2 is a polymer material outer sleeve; the elastic rubber layer 1 is positioned between the inner sleeve 3 and the high polymer material outer sleeve 2.

Through the elastic positioning sleeve, on one hand, the outer sleeve made of the high polymer material is adopted, so that the internal stress between the outer sleeve and the elastic rubber layer is favorably reduced, the elastic positioning sleeve is prevented from being separated from the rubber, and the service life of the elastic positioning sleeve is prolonged; on the other hand, the elastic locating sleeve is made of a high polymer material outer sleeve, is arranged between the guide pillar and the locating seat friction sleeve in the axle box locating device, bears radial impact load, generates enough deformation under certain external force, reduces the impact and abrasion between the guide pillar and the elastic locating sleeve and between the elastic locating sleeve and the locating seat friction sleeve, realizes the locating of the axle box and the framework in the longitudinal and transverse directions, does not influence the main function of the elastic locating sleeve, prolongs the service life of the elastic locating sleeve, and is safer and more reliable in use.

Next, each part of the above-described elastic positioning sleeve in the present exemplary embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

In one embodiment, the elastic rubber layer 1 is formed by rubber vulcanization between the inner jacket 3 and the outer jacket 2 of a polymer material. The inner sleeve 3 and the outer sleeve 2 are connected through rubber vulcanization of the elastic rubber layer 1 to form an elastic positioning sleeve. The rubber of the elastic rubber layer 1 may be natural rubber, and the embodiment of the present disclosure is not particularly limited. The inner sleeve 3 is a steel sleeve, and more specifically, the inner sleeve 3 can be a steel sleeve made of No. 45 steel so as to meet the hardness requirement of the elastic positioning sleeve. In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the two ends of the elastic rubber layer 1 are concave, which is beneficial to prevent the two ends of the elastic rubber layer 1 from being damaged due to stress concentration, and thus, the service life of the elastic rubber layer 1 is prolonged.

In one embodiment, the polymer jacket 2 may be a nylon jacket or a polyethylene jacket. The expansion coefficient difference between the carbon steel and the rubber is large, when the outer sleeve is made of the carbon steel, the rubber and metal joint surface has large tensile stress, and the service life of the elastic positioning sleeve is shortened due to the tensile stress. Compared with carbon steel, the high polymer material has the advantages that the difference of expansion coefficients of expansion with heat and contraction with cold of rubber is reduced, when the outer sleeve 2 is a high polymer material outer sleeve, the internal stress caused by the difference of expansion with heat and contraction with cold between the outer sleeve and the rubber due to vulcanization is favorably reduced, the tensile stress between the outer sleeve 2 and the elastic rubber layer 1 is reduced, the elastic positioning sleeve is prevented from being separated from rubber, and the service life of the elastic positioning sleeve is prolonged.

In one embodiment, the melting point of the polymer jacket 2 is 200 ℃ or higher. The vulcanization temperature of the rubber is generally 140-155 ℃, and in order to avoid the polymer material jacket 2 from being melted in the vulcanization process, the melting point of the polymer material jacket 2 is greater than the vulcanization temperature of the rubber. When the polymer material jacket 2 is a polyethylene jacket, the melting point of polyethylene increases with the increase of the molecular weight, and in order to make the melting point of polyethylene higher than the vulcanization temperature of rubber, the polyethylene is ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and the viscosity average molecular weight of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is higher than 150 ten thousand.

The present exemplary embodiment also provides an axle box positioning device, which includes the elastic positioning sleeve according to the above embodiments.

There is also provided in this example embodiment a bogie suitable for use in a rail vehicle, the bogie comprising an axle box locating arrangement as described in the previous example.

There is also provided in this example embodiment a method of manufacturing a resilient locating sleeve, as illustrated in reference to figure 3, the method comprising:

s101: providing an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, wherein the outer sleeve is a high polymer material outer sleeve;

s102: and vulcanizing rubber between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve made of the high polymer material to form an elastic rubber layer.

In one embodiment, the elastic rubber layer 1 is formed by rubber vulcanization between the inner sleeve 3 and the outer sleeve 2 made of high polymer material, and the inner sleeve 3 and the outer sleeve 2 are connected through the rubber vulcanization of the elastic rubber layer 1 to form a complete elastic positioning sleeve structure.

In one embodiment, the inner sleeve has an inner diameter smaller than the fitting dimension, and the method further comprises, after the step of vulcanizing rubber between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of polymer material to form the elastic rubber layer:

s103: after vulcanization cooling, the elastic positioning sleeve is extruded from inside to outside, so that the inner diameter of the inner sleeve is expanded to the assembly size.

Specifically, the inner sleeve 3 and the outer sleeve 2 are connected through rubber vulcanization of the elastic rubber layer 1 to form an elastic positioning sleeve, and the initial size of the elastic positioning sleeve is smaller than the assembly size, namely the initial inner diameter of the elastic positioning sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter required when the elastic positioning sleeve is assembled to the axle box positioning device. After vulcanization cooling, when cooling to normal temperature, the elastic locating sleeve is reamed by using the reaming tool shown in fig. 4, so that the elastic locating sleeve is enlarged from the initial size to the assembled size. The reaming tool is generally cylindrical, and the size of the cylindrical reaming tool is matched with the assembly size of the elastic positioning sleeve. At least one end of the reaming tool contracts gradually in the direction towards the port, so that the reaming tool is inserted into the inner sleeve of the elastic positioning sleeve to extrude the elastic positioning sleeve from inside to outside, the tensile stress between the outer sleeve 2 and the elastic rubber layer 1 is further eliminated, the compressive stress is formed, the elastic positioning sleeve is prevented from being glued, and the service life of the elastic positioning sleeve is prolonged.

In one embodiment, after the step of pressing the elastic positioning sleeve from inside to outside to expand the inner diameter of the inner sleeve to the fitting size, the method further comprises:

s104: and processing the polymer material jacket to an assembly size.

Specifically, after vulcanization, the size of the polymer material jacket 2 is unstable, the shape of the polymer material jacket 2 may be changed during the hole expansion process, and after the hole expansion process is completed, the polymer material jacket 2 is machined to a required assembly size by mechanical cutting or grinding. When the positioning device is used, the elastic positioning sleeve is arranged between the guide post and the positioning seat friction sleeve in the axle box positioning device. Through testing, the application range of the elastic locating sleeve in the embodiment of the present disclosure at least includes: the temperature is-35 ℃ to +45 ℃; the product load is: the radial dynamic load is 0-10kN, and the axial dynamic load is 0-4 kN.

It is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like in the foregoing description are used for indicating or indicating the orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings, merely for the convenience of describing the disclosed embodiments and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and therefore should not be considered limiting of the disclosed embodiments.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise the first and second features being in direct contact, or may comprise the first and second features being in contact, not directly, but via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.