阅读说明：本技术 一种具有自锁解卡功能的井下钻具 (Downhole drilling tool with self-locking and unlocking functions ) 是由 李恒 黄伟 李茂� 孔亚军 钟文 于 2020-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有自锁解卡功能的井下钻具,涉及钻井技术领域,包括外壳、传动轴和离合器,外壳1与离合器3同轴布置,且离合器安装在外壳与传动轴之间；所述离合器包括内圈和外圈,外圈与外壳通过定位销钉固定,内圈与传动轴通过键连接固定,外圈内壁开设有安装槽,安装槽直径方向的深度沿传动轴转动方向逐渐增大；所述安装槽内还安装有滚子体,且安装槽槽壁上还安装有与滚子体连接的弹簧。当井底发生垮塌,钻头遇卡时,本发明能快速对钻头解卡,并在钻头解卡后可快速开泵,恢复正常钻进,使钻井效率大大提高。(The invention discloses an underground drilling tool with a self-locking and stuck releasing function, which relates to the technical field of drilling and comprises a shell, a transmission shaft and a clutch, wherein the shell 1 and the clutch 3 are coaxially arranged, and the clutch is arranged between the shell and the transmission shaft; the clutch comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the outer ring and the shell are fixed through a positioning pin, the inner ring and the transmission shaft are fixedly connected through a key, the inner wall of the outer ring is provided with a mounting groove, and the depth of the mounting groove in the diameter direction is gradually increased along the rotation direction of the transmission shaft; still install the roller body in the mounting groove, and still install the spring of being connected with the roller body on the mounting groove cell wall. When the well bottom collapses and the drill bit is stuck, the invention can quickly unlock the drill bit, and can quickly start the pump after the drill bit is unlocked to recover normal drilling, thereby greatly improving the drilling efficiency.)

1. The underground drilling tool with the self-locking and stuck releasing function is characterized by comprising a shell (1), a transmission shaft (2) and a clutch (3), wherein the shell (1) and the clutch (3) are coaxially arranged, and the clutch (3) is arranged between the shell (1) and the transmission shaft (2); the clutch (3) comprises an inner ring (31) and an outer ring (32), the inner ring (31) is fixed with the transmission shaft (2), the outer ring (32) is fixed with the shell (1), the inner wall of the outer ring (32) is provided with a mounting groove (33), and the depth of the mounting groove (33) is gradually increased along the rotation direction of the transmission shaft (2); still install roller body (34) in mounting groove (33), and still install spring (35) of being connected with roller body (34) on mounting groove (33) the cell wall.

2. The downhole drilling tool with the self-locking and releasing function according to claim 1, wherein the spring (35) is fixedly installed on the side of the installation groove (33) with the larger depth.

3. The downhole drilling tool with the self-unlocking function according to claim 1, wherein the installation grooves (33) are multiple, the installation grooves (33) are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the housing (1), and the roller bodies (34) are installed in the installation grooves (33).

4. Downhole drilling tool with self-unlocking function according to claim 1, wherein the inner ring (31) is keyed to the drive shaft (2).

5. The downhole drilling tool with the self-locking and unfreezing function according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of string bearings (4) are further installed between the housing (1) and the transmission shaft (2), and the clutch (3) is installed between any two string bearings (4).

6. The downhole drilling tool with the self-locking and stuck-releasing function according to claim 1, wherein the roller body (34) is cylindrical, and the axial direction of the roller body (34) coincides with the axial direction of the transmission shaft (2).

7. The downhole drilling tool with the self-unlocking function according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a cardan shaft assembly (5) and a motor assembly (6) are further sequentially mounted at the upper end of the transmission shaft (2).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to an underground drilling tool with a self-locking and stuck releasing function.

Background

In the prior art, three downhole power devices for petroleum drilling are provided, namely a screw drilling tool, a turbine drilling tool and an electric drilling tool; these three types of downhole tools have their own advantages due to improvements in construction, the use of new materials and new technologies. The turbine drilling tool uses high-pressure drilling fluid as energy to drive a drill bit under the well to complete the drilling work; the screw drilling tool enables the slurry pumped by the slurry pump to flow through the bypass valve to enter the motor, a certain pressure difference is formed between the inlet and the outlet of the motor, the rotor is pushed to rotate around the axis of the stator, and the rotating speed and the torque are transmitted to the drill bit through the universal shaft and the transmission shaft, so that the drilling operation is realized; the electric drilling tool drives the underground motor through a cable to provide drilling power for the drill bit, so that electric energy is directly converted into mechanical energy to drive the drill bit to rotate, and the drilling work is completed.

However, the drill bits connected with the three drilling tools are frequently subjected to the situation that the drill bits are blocked due to the fact that the bottom of the well collapses or blocks fall in the drilling process, and the research direction of the current downhole tool is how to quickly release the drill bits; taking a screw drill as an example, the drill bit is usually unlocked by rotating the housing of the screw drill to transmit rotary power, but in a conventional case, as the motor consists of a rubber stator and a metal rotor, the motor stator and the rotor slip when the housing of the screw drill is rotated, which not only damages the rubber stator, but also prevents the rotary power from being transmitted to the drill bit, so that the drill bit cannot operate, and finally the drilling efficiency is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an underground drilling tool with a self-locking and unfreezing function, which can unfreeze a drill bit quickly and can quickly start a pump after the drill bit is unfreezed, so that the drilling efficiency is greatly improved.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme is as follows: a downhole drilling tool with a self-locking and stuck releasing function comprises a shell, a transmission shaft and a clutch, wherein the shell and the clutch are coaxially arranged, and the clutch is arranged between the shell and the transmission shaft; the clutch comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, the inner ring is fixed with the transmission shaft, the outer ring is fixed with the shell, the inner wall of the outer ring is provided with a mounting groove, and the depth of the mounting groove is gradually increased along the rotation direction of the transmission shaft; still install the roller body in the mounting groove, and still install the spring of being connected with the roller body on the mounting groove cell wall.

Furthermore, the spring is fixedly installed on the side with the larger depth of the installation groove.

Further, the mounting groove is a plurality of, and a plurality of mounting grooves are arranged along the even interval of circumferencial direction of shell, and all install the roller body in a plurality of mounting grooves.

Further, the inner ring is connected with the transmission shaft through a key.

Furthermore, a plurality of serial bearings are further arranged between the shell and the transmission shaft, and the clutch is arranged between any two serial bearings.

Furthermore, the roller body is cylindrical, and the axial direction of the roller body is consistent with the axial direction of the transmission shaft.

Furthermore, a universal shaft assembly and a motor assembly are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the transmission shaft.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the inner wall of the outer ring is provided with the mounting groove, the depth of the mounting groove is set to be gradually increased along the clockwise direction, the roller body is mounted in the mounting groove, the roller body is connected with the wall of the mounting groove through a spring, when a drill bit meets a jam in the drilling process, the drill string and the screw rod are driven by a rotary disc or a top driver to rotate positively, the rotating speed of the transmission shaft is lower than that of an upper drilling tool, the outer ring is driven to rotate synchronously by the shell, and the roller body is driven to move towards the shallower end of the mounting groove under the action of the thrust and friction force of the spring, so that the outer ring and the inner ring are relatively fixed, the locking of the transmission shaft is realized, the driving force of the upper drilling tool is transmitted; after the blockage is released, the mud circulation can be reestablished, the pump can be quickly started, the rotary motion generated by the motor is transmitted to the transmission shaft, the rotating speed of the transmission shaft is higher than that of the upper drilling tool, the roller body moves to the deeper end of the mounting groove under the action of friction, and therefore the relative fixed relation between the inner ring and the outer ring is released, the drill bit is enabled to recover normal drilling, and the drilling efficiency is greatly improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a downhole drilling tool with self-locking and stuck-releasing functions provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view showing an installation structure of the clutch;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 2.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1. the device comprises a shell, a transmission shaft, a clutch, a coupling, a tandem bearing, a universal shaft assembly, a motor assembly, a positioning pin 8 and a spline, wherein the shell is arranged on the shell, and the transmission shaft is arranged on the shell;

31. inner ring, 32, outer ring, 33, mounting groove, 34, roller body, 35 and spring.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the downhole drilling tool with the self-locking and stuck-releasing function provided by the invention comprises a housing 1, a transmission shaft 2 and a clutch 3 which are coaxially arranged, wherein the clutch 3 is arranged between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the outer wall of the transmission shaft 2, and the housing 1 and the clutch 3 are coaxially arranged; the clutch 3 comprises an inner ring 31 and an outer ring 32, the inner ring 31 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 2 through splines, the number of the splines on the transmission shaft 2 is multiple, the splines are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft in the circumferential direction, so that the connection between the inner ring 31 and the transmission shaft 2 is more stable, and the inner wall of the outer ring 32 is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the inner ring 31, so that the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32 can rotate relatively; the outer ring 32 is fixed with the shell 1, specifically, the outer ring 32 and the shell 1 can be fixed by interference fit or key connection or fixed by positioning pins, when the key connection or the positioning pins are fixed, a plurality of positioning pins or keys are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer ring 32, so that the outer ring 32 can rotate synchronously with the shell 1 when the shell 1 rotates; the mounting groove 33 has been seted up to outer lane 32 inner wall, and the mounting groove 33 degree of depth is crescent along transmission shaft 2 direction of rotation, and the tank bottom of mounting groove 33 is the inclined plane promptly, and the interval between mounting groove 33 tank bottom and the inner circle 31 outer wall is crescent along with the transmission direction of transmission shaft 2.

Still install roller body 34 in the mounting groove 33, roller body 34's diameter is greater than the minimum interval between mounting groove 33 tank bottom and the inner circle 31 outer wall, roller body 34's diameter is less than the maximum interval between mounting groove 33 tank bottom and the inner circle 31 outer wall, when roller body 34 enters into the less one end of mounting groove 33 degree of depth, roller body 34 chucking is between outer lane 32 and inner circle 31, make outer lane 32 and inner circle 31 nonrotation relatively, thereby drive transmission shaft 2 clockwise rotation by shell 1, can realize transmitting transmission shaft 2 moment of torsion to the drill bit, effectively prevent braking stall, realize the unfreezing to the drill bit, thereby can open the pump fast, make drilling efficiency improve greatly.

Still install the spring 35 who is connected with the roller body 34 on the mounting groove 33 cell wall, spring 35 fixed mounting is in the great one side of the mounting groove 33 degree of depth, spring 35 extends to the direction of rotation of transmission shaft 2, the one end and the mounting groove 33 cell wall of spring 35 are fixed, the other end and the roller body 34 of spring 35 are fixed, spring 35 can not only make roller body 34 chucking exert an effort pulling roller body 34 when between mounting groove 33 and inner circle 31 and move to the great one end of the mounting groove 33 degree of depth, and when rotating shell 1 under the circumstances of inner circle 31 and outer lane 32 chucking, along with the rotation of shell 1, an effort pulling roller body 34 also can be exerted to spring 35, make the quick motion of roller body 34 to the great one end of the mounting groove 33 degree of depth, it is faster to make the unfreeze between shell 1 and.

The plurality of mounting grooves 33 are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the shell 1, and the roller bodies 34 are mounted in the plurality of mounting grooves 33, so that when the inner ring 31 rotates relative to the outer ring 32, the central axis of the inner ring 31 is always consistent with the central axis of the outer ring 32, the shaking of the transmission shaft 2 during rotation is reduced, and the drill bit is prevented from being damaged by collision during the drilling process; meanwhile, through the cooperation of the plurality of roller bodies 34, the outer ring 32 and the inner ring 31 are clamped and locked, and when the shell 1 is rotated, the force applied to each roller body 34 is more uniform, so that the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32 are more quickly and conveniently unlocked.

The inner ring 31 is in key connection with the transmission shaft 2, namely, a spline is embedded on the transmission shaft 2, a key groove is formed in the inner wall of the inner ring 31, and the spline is clamped in the key groove, so that the transmission shaft 2 and the inner ring 31 are fixed; the spline that inlays the dress on the transmission shaft 2 can be a plurality of, and a plurality of splines are evenly arranged along the circumferencial direction of transmission shaft 2 interval, make the installation of inner circle 31 and transmission shaft 2 more firm.

A plurality of serial bearings 4 are further mounted between the shell 1 and the transmission shaft 2, the plurality of serial bearings 4 are sleeved on the transmission shaft 2, and the plurality of serial bearings 4 are sequentially arranged along the axis direction of the transmission shaft 2; the clutch 3 is mounted between any two series bearings 4. The number of the clutches 3 in the present invention may be plural, and when the number of the clutches 3 is plural, the plural clutches 3 may be arranged at intervals with the plural serial bearings 4.

The roller body 34 is cylindric, and the axis direction of roller body 34 is unanimous with the axis direction of transmission shaft 2, makes things convenient for roller body 34 to roll in mounting groove 33, and when making inner circle 31 and outer lane 32 card lock, roller body 34 and mounting groove 33 tank bottom, inner circle 31 outer wall are line contact, makes inner circle 31 and outer lane 32 more convenient when the unblock.

The upper end of the transmission shaft 2 is also fixedly provided with a universal shaft assembly 5, the upper end of the universal shaft assembly 5 is connected with a motor assembly 6, and the drill bit is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the transmission shaft 2.

Under the normal working condition, the hydraulic energy of the slurry is converted into the mechanical kinetic energy of rotation by the motor assembly 6, the rotary motion is transmitted to the transmission shaft 2 by the cardan shaft assembly 5, at the moment, the clutch 3 is in a separation state, the clutch 3 does not work, the inner ring 31 and the outer ring 32 generate relative rotary motion, the inner ring 31 and the transmission shaft 2 are relatively static, the transmission shaft 2 is in a normal working state, and the drill bit works normally.

When the bottom of the well collapses or falls into blocks and the drill bit cannot rotate when being blocked, the mud cannot normally circulate, and the mud pump cannot be normally started; through carousel or top drive corotation drive drilling string and screw rod, 2 rotational speeds of transmission shaft are less than upper portion drilling tool this moment, and inner circle 31 is for outer lane 32 reverse motion, makes roller 34 enter into the less one end of mounting groove 33 degree of depth, makes clutch 3 automatic switch to the joint state to drive transmission shaft 2 clockwise rotation, and transmission shaft 2 gives the drill bit with the moment of torsion transmission, thereby the realization is to the unfreezing of drill bit, can open the pump fast, makes drilling efficiency improve greatly.

The underground drilling tool with the self-locking and unfreezing functions can be directly used in a screw drilling tool, a turbine drilling tool and an electric drilling tool, so that when a drill bit is blocked in the drilling process, the roller body 34 moves towards the shallower end of the mounting groove 33, the outer ring 32 and the inner ring 31 are locked, the shell 1 drives the transmission shaft 2 to rotate clockwise, the unfreezing of the drill bit is realized, a pump can be quickly started, and the drilling efficiency is greatly improved.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment/mode," "some embodiments/modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/mode or example is included in at least one embodiment/mode or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to be the same embodiment/mode or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/aspects or examples and features of the various embodiments/aspects or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without conflicting therewith.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other variations or modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure and are within the scope of the invention.