阅读说明：本技术 宽压隔离电路与电池隔离器、充电器、逆变器、承载体 (Wide-voltage isolation circuit, battery isolator, charger, inverter and carrier ) 是由 不公告发明人 于 2019-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种宽压隔离电路与电池隔离器、充电器、逆变器、承载体。所述隔离电路包含mcu电路、发电机输出电路、开关电路、高频功率变压器电路、整流与滤波电路、副电池电路、发电机电压监控电路、副电池电压监控电路、电源电路。所述开关电路的输入连接发电机输出,所述开关电路的输出连接所述高频功率变压器电路的输入。所述高频功率变压器电路的输出连接所述整流与滤波电路的输入。所述整流与滤波电路的输出一端作为零线,另一端作为正极线接入副电池充电的主回路。借助所述PWM模式控制,所述副电池是完全独立于所述主电池的充电系统,可以完全按电池厂家的充电曲线技术要求充电。(The invention discloses a wide-voltage isolation circuit, a battery isolator, a charger, an inverter and a carrier. The isolation circuit comprises a mcu circuit, a generator output circuit, a switching circuit, a high-frequency power transformer circuit, a rectifying and filtering circuit, an auxiliary battery circuit, a generator voltage monitoring circuit, an auxiliary battery voltage monitoring circuit and a power supply circuit. The input of the switching circuit is connected with the output of the generator, and the output of the switching circuit is connected with the input of the high-frequency power transformer circuit. And the output of the high-frequency power transformer circuit is connected with the input of the rectification and filtering circuit. And one end of the output of the rectification and filtering circuit is used as a zero line, and the other end of the output of the rectification and filtering circuit is used as a positive line to be connected into a main loop for charging the auxiliary battery. By means of the PWM mode control, the auxiliary battery is a charging system completely independent of the main battery, and can be charged completely according to the technical requirements of a charging curve of a battery manufacturer.)

1. A wide voltage isolation circuit, comprising: the isolation circuit comprises a mcu circuit, a generator output circuit, a switching circuit, a high-frequency power transformer circuit, a rectifying and filtering circuit, an auxiliary battery circuit, a generator voltage monitoring circuit, an auxiliary battery voltage monitoring circuit and a power supply circuit; the input of the switching circuit is connected with the output circuit of the generator, and the output of the switching circuit is connected with the input of the high-frequency power transformer circuit; the output of the high-frequency power transformer circuit is connected with the input of the rectification and filtering circuit; one end of the output of the rectification and filtering circuit is used as a zero line, and the other end of the output of the rectification and filtering circuit is used as a positive line to be connected into a charging main loop of the auxiliary battery circuit; the mcu circuit comprises an mcu chip and is a control core of the wide voltage isolation circuit; the auxiliary battery is connected with the auxiliary battery voltage monitoring circuit, and the auxiliary battery voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for detecting the terminal voltage of the auxiliary battery; the generator voltage monitoring circuit is connected with an output positive electrode line of the generator, the output positive electrode line of the generator is also a positive electrode line of the main battery, and the generator voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for detecting the output voltage of the generator; the mcu is connected with the switching circuit and controls the switching circuit according to a PWM mode; the mcu circuit determines the time of delay charging and the magnitude of charging current through the detected output voltage value of the generator, ensures that the voltage of the main battery is not undervoltage and the output of the generator is not overloaded, and can charge the auxiliary battery according to the maximum output power of the generator; by means of the PWM mode control, the auxiliary battery is a charging system completely independent of the main battery, and can be charged completely according to the technical requirements of charging curves of battery manufacturers; the wide voltage isolation circuit is characterized by being capable of charging any voltage type of secondary battery, and the wide voltage is originated from the secondary battery; the power supply circuit supplies power to the whole system circuit.

2. The wide voltage isolation circuit of claim 1, wherein: the isolation circuit includes a current sampling circuit; the current sampling circuit is connected in series in a charging loop of the secondary battery; the current sampling circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for accurately controlling the charging current and the overcurrent protection of the secondary battery.

3. The wide voltage isolation circuit of claim 1, wherein: the isolation circuit comprises a battery temperature detection circuit; the battery temperature detection circuit comprises a temperature sensor, and the sensor is tightly attached to the auxiliary battery; the battery temperature detection circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for accurately controlling charging temperature compensation and over-temperature protection of the secondary battery.

4. The wide voltage isolation circuit of claim 1, wherein: the isolation circuit comprises a radiator temperature detection circuit; the heat radiator temperature detection circuit comprises a temperature sensor, and the sensor is tightly attached to the heat radiator; the radiator temperature detection circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for protecting the temperature of the switch circuit.

5. The wide voltage isolation circuit of claim 1, wherein: the isolation circuit comprises a heat dissipation circuit; the heat dissipation circuit comprises an electric fan; the heat dissipation circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for dissipating heat of the switch circuit.

6. The wide voltage isolation circuit of claim 1, wherein: the isolation circuit comprises a setting circuit and a feedback circuit; the setting circuit comprises a key, a knob switch, a dial switch or a potentiometer; the setting circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and is used for setting various parameters of the wide voltage isolation circuit or completing certain operations; the feedback circuit comprises an LED, an LCD, a buzzer or a voice loudspeaker; the feedback circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for displaying or reporting various parameters of the wide voltage isolation circuit.

7. A battery separator, characterized by: the isolator includes the wide voltage isolation circuit of claims 1-6.

8. A charger, characterized by: the charger comprises the wide voltage isolation circuit of claims 1-6, a conventional mains charger circuit; the traditional commercial power charger circuit is connected with the wide-voltage isolation circuit, the wide-voltage isolation circuit is managed by means of resources of the traditional commercial power charger circuit, the commercial power can be used for charging, the generator can also be used for charging the secondary battery, the purposes of saving cost and space are achieved, and the dual-purpose machine is used.

9. An inverter, characterized by: the inverter includes the wide voltage isolation circuit of claims 1-6, a conventional inverter circuit; the traditional commercial inverter circuit is connected with the wide-voltage isolation circuit, the wide-voltage isolation circuit is managed by using resources of the traditional commercial inverter circuit, the secondary battery can be inverted by a 220v power supply of the secondary battery and also can be charged by a generator, the purposes of saving cost and space are achieved, and the dual-purpose machine is used.

10. A carrier, characterized by: the carrier body mounts the battery separator of claim 7, the charger of claim 8, or the inverter of claim 9.

Technical Field

Belong to electron technical field, concretely relates to car and boats and ships electrical components.

Background

For convenience of description, the present invention defines the following terms:

the 'switch tube' refers to an electronic component in the invention, and is a general name of a triode, a Darlington tube and a field effect tube;

the voice chip is a general name of the following three types of chips: a dedicated voice chip, a memory with voice data, or a mcu with voice function. Some voice chips use "binding" (COB) approach, such as most back-up chips;

"mcu" refers to a microprocessor;

the loudspeaker comprises a buzzer horn or a moving coil horn which are commonly used in the market;

"power amplifier circuit" refers to power amplifier circuit used for voice signal;

the battery isolator is also called as a double-battery isolator and refers to an electric appliance which utilizes the self generator to automatically charge an external auxiliary battery;

"charger" means an electrical appliance that charges the secondary battery with commercial power;

the inverter is an electric appliance which converts the electric energy of the auxiliary battery into alternating current 220v commercial power mode, and is convenient for household electric appliances such as a microwave oven, a water heater, a sound device, an air conditioner and the like;

"carrier" refers to a vehicle or vessel on which the battery isolator, charger, or inverter is mounted. If a motor home, a motor caravan, a private car, a large truck, a yacht, a fishing boat, a sailing boat and the like go out for a long time, the generator charges the main battery of the user, and in addition, the user needs to additionally increase an auxiliary battery to provide convenience for life. Charging the secondary battery by using the power generation margin of the generator per se in the working process;

the main battery is a storage battery necessary for the operation of the carrier body, such as the operation of various electrical components such as a starting motor, light, sound, instruments and the like. The general capacity is smaller;

the "sub-battery" refers to an additional independent storage battery required for home appliances of the user's home life. Generally, the capacity is large. All the work of the present invention is around charging this secondary battery.

People live for a long time in outdoor travel, or work for a long time outside, such as long-term outing of motor homes, motor caravans, private cars, trucks, yachts, pleasure boats, fishing boats, sailing boats and the like. In order to improve the quality of life, a plurality of household appliances are often needed, but the electric energy of the original supply system on the vehicle or the ship is limited, because the capacity of the main battery is very small, a large-capacity auxiliary battery is particularly needed to be connected externally. The conventional method is to add a large-capacity secondary battery, apply a double-battery isolator and charge the secondary battery by using the existing generator on a vehicle or a ship. Outdoor commercial power charging is also feasible, but finding a charging pile is difficult and needs to be parked and parked for waiting.

In the traditional double-battery isolator, the output of a generator is directly led to an auxiliary battery by using a power diode and a relay, namely, a main battery and the auxiliary battery are directly connected in parallel. The charging of the secondary battery is without any current limiting protection. The generator now has two battery loads at the same time. And the capacity of the auxiliary battery is often many times that of the main battery. The control process is that when the voltage of the main battery is found to be smaller than a certain value, charging is started in a delayed time, and the peak when the generator is ignited is avoided.

The traditional mode has the following defects:

1. the generator burns out half way and stops the ship: for a car as an example, the generator is about 1000 watts generally, and the current generated by 12V is 100A. When the charging current of the large-capacity auxiliary battery, such as 400AH, can reach more than 200A at the charging moment during feeding, and the charging current of the main battery is added, the load power of the generator exceeds more than one time, and the generator can be burnt out quickly. But at this time, the user may not know that the vehicle or ship is parked when the main battery is under-voltage. It is possible that the vehicle is on the half way and the ship is in the sea. But the voltage regulator of the generator may also burn out as well. The underlying reason here is that conventional battery isolators are current-unlimited;

2. and (3) charging the auxiliary battery: the charging current of a typical battery is less than 0.1C, i.e., 10% of the capacity. A 400AH battery is charged up to 40A current. Obviously, traditional isolators do not do so because of the infinite flow function at all;

3. the secondary battery is not fully charged: because three-stage or five-stage charging of the sub-battery cannot be achieved. The three-section type is as follows: constant current-constant voltage-floating charge; the five-segment type is as follows: pre-flushing, constant current, constant voltage, trickle and floating charge. Obviously, the traditional isolator cannot be made;

4. the auxiliary battery has no temperature compensation and temperature protection: the battery manufacturer requires temperature compensation and has a specific temperature coefficient. In winter and summer, different charging voltages are used. And the charging is stopped when the temperature is higher than a certain value, namely temperature protection. Obviously, the traditional isolator cannot be made;

5. the secondary battery can not be charged according to different types: for example, the main battery is lead-acid, and the auxiliary battery is a lithium battery;

6. the secondary battery cannot be charged when the voltage is different: for example, the main battery is 24V, and the auxiliary battery is 12V. The auxiliary battery with higher voltage than the main battery can not be charged;

7. the power consumption is large: the traditional isolator works by a relay, and the work of the relay needs a large current which is often more than 30-50 mA. Diodes also consume power when they are forward conducting: for example, 50A is charged, and the diode voltage drops by 0.5V, the power consumption is 50 × 0.5= 25W;

8. the service life is short: because the relay is contact-equipped;

9. large volume and high cost: the power diode and the relay are large and expensive.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the structure that a power diode or a relay of the traditional double-battery isolator charges the auxiliary battery is changed into the accurate control of a PWM mode, the generator is ensured not to overload a main battery or be not under-voltage, and all types of auxiliary batteries can be charged, so that the problem of the traditional double-battery isolator is solved.

A wide voltage isolation circuit:

the isolation circuit comprises a mcu circuit, a generator output circuit, a switching circuit, a high-frequency power transformer circuit, a rectifying and filtering circuit, an auxiliary battery circuit, a generator voltage monitoring circuit, an auxiliary battery voltage monitoring circuit and a power supply circuit.

The input of the switching circuit is connected with the output of the generator, and the output of the switching circuit is connected with the input of the high-frequency power transformer circuit.

The switching circuit is a high-frequency PWM pulse width debugging circuit formed by applying a high-frequency MOS tube or an IGBT. Comprises a switching tube and a driving circuit.

And the output of the high-frequency power transformer circuit is connected with the input of the rectification and filtering circuit.

The material used for the high-frequency power transformer is ferrite.

And one end of the output of the rectification and filtering circuit is used as a zero line, and the other end of the output of the rectification and filtering circuit is used as a positive electrode line to be connected into a charging main loop of the auxiliary battery circuit.

The rectifying and filtering circuit comprises a rectifying diode, a filtering capacitor or a filtering inductor.

Therefore, the generator output circuit, the switching circuit, the high-frequency power transformer circuit, the rectifying and filtering circuit and the secondary battery circuit form the whole secondary battery charging power loop.

The mcu circuit comprises an mcu chip and is a control core of the wide voltage isolation circuit.

The secondary battery is connected with the secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, and the secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for detecting the terminal voltage of the secondary battery. The terminal voltage of the secondary battery is a primary parameter of the secondary battery charging algorithm.

The secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit comprises a plurality of resistors, capacitors or operational amplifier chips and adjusts the terminal voltage signal of the secondary battery to be within the voltage range of the mcu circuit. The simplest is some voltage dividing circuit and filter circuit.

The generator voltage monitoring circuit is connected with an output positive electrode line of the generator, the output positive electrode line of the generator is also a positive electrode line of the main battery, and the generator voltage monitoring circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for detecting the output voltage of the generator.

The mcu is connected with the switch circuit and controls the switch circuit according to a PWM mode.

The switch circuit comprises a switch tube, is used for executing PW M and is a core element of the invention. Most commonly used at present are mos tubes. The low power uses a single tube, and the high power multiple mos tubes are connected in parallel.

The mcu circuit determines the time of delay charging and the magnitude of charging current through the detected output voltage value of the generator, ensures that the voltage of the main battery is not undervoltage and the output of the generator is not overloaded, and simultaneously charges the auxiliary battery with the power as large as possible. This is the primary objective of the present invention, where conventional relay isolators cannot.

The time of the delay charging is realized by the mcu chip in a software programming mode.

The mcu circuit controls the magnitude of the charging current of the secondary battery according to a PWM mode, which is the biggest technical scheme of the invention different from the traditional battery isolator and is the prominent novel expression.

By means of the PWM mode control, the auxiliary battery is a charging system completely independent of the main battery, and can be charged completely according to the technical requirements of a charging curve of a battery manufacturer.

Furthermore, the PWM charging mode can easily realize pulse charging, and is particularly beneficial to polarization activation of the performance of the secondary battery, prolonging of the service life of the secondary battery and stabilization of the charge and discharge capacity of the secondary battery. In addition, the battery has certain battery repairing function.

The wide voltage isolation circuit is characterized by being capable of charging any type of secondary battery.

The wide voltage isolation circuit is an independent charger for the secondary battery. Therefore, the voltages of the main battery and the sub-battery may be different, such as 14V for the main battery and 11V for the sub-battery. The terminal voltage of the secondary battery is different from the voltage of the primary battery in different charging stages of the secondary battery. Also for example, the primary battery may be 24V and the secondary battery may be 12V. Also for example, the primary battery may be 12V and the secondary battery may be 48V. In addition, the types of the main battery and the auxiliary battery can be different, for example, the main battery is a lead-acid battery, and the auxiliary battery is a lithium battery. For charging the sub-battery, three-stage or five-stage charging is possible. The three-section type is as follows: constant current-constant voltage-floating charge; the five-segment type is as follows: pre-flushing, constant current, constant voltage, trickle and floating charge. This is the most scientific mode of charging.

The power supply circuit supplies power to the whole system circuit.

The wide voltage isolation circuit includes a current sampling circuit. The sampling circuit comprises a sampling resistor, a current transformer, an operational amplifier chip or a common resistor capacitor. The weak terminal voltage signal of the sampling resistor is transmitted to a range which can be sampled by the mcu circuit.

The current sampling circuit is connected in series in a charging loop of the secondary battery.

The current sampling circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for accurately controlling the charging current and the overcurrent protection of the secondary battery.

The wide voltage isolation circuit includes a battery temperature detection circuit. The battery temperature detection circuit comprises a temperature sensor, and the sensor is tightly attached to the auxiliary battery.

The battery temperature detection circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for accurately controlling charging temperature compensation and over-temperature protection of the secondary battery. The temperature compensation is to correct the charging voltage according to the temperature of the sub-battery, and the higher the temperature is, the lower the voltage is.

The low-end isolator does not use the battery temperature detection circuit, and the aim is to save cost.

The wide voltage isolation circuit includes a heat sink temperature detection circuit. The heat radiator temperature detection circuit comprises a temperature sensor, and the sensor is tightly attached to the heat radiator.

The radiator temperature detection circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for protecting the temperature of the switch circuit. When the temperature of the radiator reaches a rated limit value, the charging current is reduced or the charging is stopped, so that the safety of a switching tube of the switching circuit is protected, and otherwise, the switching tube is easy to burn out.

The low side isolator or low power isolator does not use the heat sink temperature sensing circuit, either for cost savings or is not necessary.

The wide voltage isolation circuit comprises a heat dissipation circuit which comprises an electric fan.

The heat dissipation circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for dissipating heat of the switch circuit.

The low side isolator or low power isolator does not use the heat sink circuit for cost savings or is not necessary.

The wide voltage isolation circuit comprises a setting circuit and a feedback circuit.

The setting circuit comprises a key, a knob switch, a dial switch or a potentiometer.

The setting circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and is used for setting various parameters of the wide voltage isolation circuit or completing certain operations. Such as setting charging current, delay time, battery voltage, temperature compensation coefficients, etc. Or the operations of switching on and off, motor starting, electric switch and the like.

The low-end isolator fixes the parameters, and no circuit is needed.

The feedback circuit comprises an LED, an LCD, a buzzer or a voice horn.

The feedback circuit is connected with the mcu circuit and used for displaying or reporting various parameters of the wide voltage isolation circuit.

If the LED and LCD are replaced by voice, the feedback circuit also comprises a voice chip, a power amplifier circuit and a loudspeaker.

The application characteristic of the wide-voltage isolation circuit is that the voltage and the type of the secondary battery are not limited, and the secondary battery of any type can be charged. The so-called "broadside pressure" comes from this.

A battery separator:

the isolator comprises the wide voltage isolation circuit.

A charger:

the charger comprises the wide-voltage isolation circuit and a traditional commercial power charger circuit.

The traditional commercial power charger circuit comprises a mcu circuit, a setting circuit, a feedback circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, a heat dissipation circuit, a radiator temperature detection circuit and a power supply circuit.

The traditional commercial power charger circuit is connected with the wide-voltage isolation circuit, the wide-voltage isolation circuit is managed by means of resources of the traditional commercial power charger circuit, the commercial power can be used for charging, the generator can also be used for charging the secondary battery, the purposes of saving cost and space are achieved, and the dual-purpose machine is used.

The battery isolator is integrated into a traditional commercial power charger in order to utilize certain resources of the battery isolator to serve as certain circuits of the isolator, such as a mcu circuit, a setting circuit, a feedback circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, a heat dissipation circuit, a heat radiator temperature detection circuit, a power supply circuit and the like.

An inverter:

the inverter comprises the wide voltage isolation circuit and a traditional inverter circuit.

The traditional inverter circuit comprises a mcu circuit, a setting circuit, a feedback circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, a heat dissipation circuit, a radiator temperature detection circuit and a power supply circuit.

The traditional inverter circuit is connected with the wide-voltage isolation circuit, the wide-voltage isolation circuit is managed by resources of the traditional inverter circuit, the secondary battery can be charged by a 220v power supply inverted by the secondary battery and a generator, and the purposes of saving cost and space and one machine with two functions are achieved.

The battery isolator is integrated into the traditional inverter so as to utilize certain resources of the traditional inverter to be used as certain circuits of the isolator, such as a mcu circuit, a setting circuit, a feedback circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, a heat dissipation circuit, a radiator temperature detection circuit, a power supply circuit and the like.

A carrier body:

the carrier mounts the battery separator, the charger, or the inverter.

The supporting body is a general name and comprises a motor home, a motor caravan, a private car, a large truck, a yacht, a fishing boat, a sailing boat and the like.

The invention has the following effects:

1. the generator is protected from being burnt out, and the ship is not stopped when the vehicle is not stopped on a half way: and PWM charging is adopted to strictly control the charging current, so that the generator is ensured not to be overloaded. Additionally, a delay circuit is added to avoid the starting time of the engine;

2. and (3) not charging the auxiliary battery: strictly controlling the charging current by applying PWM charging;

3. the sub-battery can be fully charged: because the wide voltage isolation circuit is a charging system independent of the main battery, the three-section or five-section charging can be flexibly used according to the charging algorithm of the auxiliary battery;

4. the auxiliary battery has temperature compensation and temperature protection: the temperature compensation coefficient can be used for charging according to the requirement of a manufacturer. In winter and summer, different charging voltages are used. And when the temperature is higher than a specific value, the charging can be stopped, namely, the temperature protection is realized. Because the invention has the battery temperature detection circuit;

5. the secondary battery can be charged according to different types: for example, the main battery is lead-acid, and the auxiliary battery is a lithium battery;

6. the secondary battery can be charged even if the voltage of the secondary battery is different: for example, the main battery is 24V/the auxiliary battery is 12V, or the main battery is 12V/the auxiliary battery is 48V. Namely, the auxiliary battery with any voltage can be charged;

7. the power consumption is small: PWM control, the working current of the switch circuit is less than 3 mA;

8. the service life is short: because the switching tube is contactless;

9. small volume and low cost: the switch tube, especially mos, has smaller volume than the relay and lower price. And no power diode is required.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wide voltage isolation circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram of a dual battery isolator of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a wiring diagram of the charger of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a wiring diagram of an inverter of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the commercial power charger according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram of the inverter of the present invention;

Detailed Description

A wide voltage isolation circuit:

fig. 1 is a diagram of a wide voltage isolation circuit according to the present invention.

The charging main loop is in the direction of electric energy transfer: the generator output circuit 14-the switch circuit 2-the high-frequency power transformer circuit 20-the rectifying and filtering circuit 22-the secondary battery 1.

The generator output circuit 14 includes a filter capacitor. In case of low EMC requirements, it may not be used for cost reasons.

The switching circuit 2 includes a switching tube and a driving circuit. The switching tube is most commonly a mos field effect tube, and has the best performance and lower price. Other darlington and IGBT tubes may be used. Especially in high-power multi-purpose IGBT. Different tubes have different drive circuits.

The driving circuit of the switching circuit 2 varies according to different modes, such as forward, flyback, full bridge, half bridge, etc.

The switching circuit 2 operates in the PWM mode, and the larger the duty ratio, the larger the charging current to the sub-battery 1.

The switching circuit 2 is controlled by a mcu circuit 4. The switch circuit 2 is connected with the output of the PWM module in the mcu circuit 4, and the delay function is realized by programming.

The MCU circuit 4 is the core of the wide voltage isolation circuit and comprises an MCU chip. The complex multiple functions can be completed by using the powerful function integration of the device and matching with software programming.

The technical parameters mainly considered for the type selection of the mcu are as follows: the operating speed, the temperature range, the quantity of GPIOs, the FLASH size, the RAM size, the mode of the external communication port and other parameters are considered. At present, a plurality of single-chip microcomputers in the market can meet the requirement, and for example, the single-chip microcomputers can be used in a plurality of brand technologies of manufacturers such as Microchip, freescale, ST, infineon, cypress and the like.

The high frequency power transformer circuit 20 comprises a high power high frequency transformer, typically a ferrite core. The charging voltage and current of the secondary battery 1 are adjusted by the turn ratio of the primary winding and the secondary winding and the duty ratio of the PWM of the switching circuit 2.

The generator voltage monitoring circuit 23 includes a voltage dividing circuit and a filter circuit, and is formed of a resistor and a capacitor. The generator voltage monitoring circuit 23 is connected to the generator output positive line 13 and the mcu circuit 4, and is used for detecting the output end voltage of the generator.

The relay circuit 21 functions to prevent a wiring polarity error of the sub-battery 1, i.e., reverse connection protection. If the mcu circuit 4 detects that the terminal voltage of the sub-battery 1 is abnormal, the relay is not turned on, and the safety of the high-frequency power transformer circuit 20 and the rectification and filtering circuit 22 is protected. If such protection is not required, the relay circuit 21 may be eliminated from being passed through.

The current sampling circuit 3 is used for accurately reflecting the charging current and comprises a sampling resistor, a current transformer or an operational amplifier chip. The current sampling circuit 3 is connected with the MCU circuit 4 and can be connected with an ADC input port of the MCU. And selecting constantan wires as sampling resistors. The op-amp chip is commonly used as 358. Some MCU internal integration operational amplifier functional module, then current sampling circuit 3 just need not the operational amplifier chip.

The secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit 15 is used for detecting the terminal voltage of the secondary battery 1, mainly comprises an operational amplifier and a resistance capacitor, and mainly comprises an amplifying circuit, a filtering circuit and a voltage dividing circuit. The signal is adjusted to the input range of the MCU. The input range of a 5V system singlechip ADC is 0-5V. The sub-battery voltage monitoring circuit 15 is connected between the mcu circuit 4 and both ends of the sub-battery 1.

The battery temperature detection circuit 16 includes a temperature sensor that is attached to the sub-battery and used for temperature compensation for charging the sub-battery. The battery temperature detection circuit 16 is connected with the MCU circuit 4 and can be connected with an ADC input port of the MCU.

The heat sink temperature detection circuit 17 includes a temperature sensor which is attached to the heat sink and protects the switch circuit 2. When the temperature exceeds the rated value, the charging current is reduced, or the charging is stopped. The radiator temperature detection circuit 17 is connected with the MCU circuit 4 and can be connected with an ADC input port of the MCU. Low power charging may not be used because the heat generation is not significant.

The heat dissipating circuit 19 includes a heat dissipating electric fan. The heat dissipation circuit 19 is connected with the MCU circuit 4 and can be connected with an output port of the MCU. Low power charging may not be used because the heat generation is not significant.

The setting circuit 5 includes a key, a knob switch, a dial switch, a potentiometer, or the like. The setting circuit 5 is connected with the MCU circuit 4 and can be connected with an input port of the MCU or an ADC port.

The feedback circuit 6 comprises an LED, an LCD, a buzzer, or a voice speaker for displaying or reporting various parameters of the wide voltage isolation circuit. If the LED and LCD are replaced by voice, the feedback circuit 6 also comprises a voice chip, a power amplifier circuit and a loudspeaker. The feedback circuit 6 is connected to the mcu circuit 4.

The type of the voice chip is determined according to the voice data to be stored and the requirement of the voice quality, and the working temperature range is also considered. The voice data is many, and the tone quality that requires is high, just needs to select the pronunciation chip of large capacity for use. Instead, a chip with a small capacity may be selected. The requirements of sound quality determine how much speech sampling rate is used and thus how much capacity is needed. Sampling rates of 8K, 16K, 32K are relatively common. Many voice chips are available on the market at present, most of which are produced by taiwan, and the voice chips with the specifications of 040, 060 and 080 are generally available. 040 means 40 seconds of storage space for speech, 060, 080 and so on.

The power amplifier circuit amplifies the weak voice signal output by the voice chip 2 to a certain power so as to drive the loudspeaker to make a sound. The larger the sound required, the greater the power amplification. The structure of the power amplifier circuit is related to the output form of the voice chip 2 and the specification of the loudspeaker. Generally speaking, the voice output of the chip has two forms of DAC and PWM, and the sound playing device has a buzzer and a moving coil speaker, which results in various forms of the power amplifier circuit. Some circuits can be combined by common discrete devices, and triode circuits can be directly used for low power. Some power amplifier chips can be used, and LM386 can be selected for low power.

The loudspeaker is generally a moving coil loudspeaker, and the voice is clear.

The power circuit 7 supplies power to the system circuit, and the input is a positive line 10 and a zero line 12.

It is also particularly emphasized that the generator circuit and the secondary battery charging circuit can be completely electrically isolated in the wide voltage isolation circuit of the present invention. In this case, electrical isolation devices are added to the switching circuit 2 and the generator voltage monitoring circuit 23. The most common are photocouplers, transformers, or transformers. If cost considerations are taken into account, electrical isolation devices are not required.

A battery separator:

the isolator comprises the wide voltage isolation circuit.

Fig. 2 is a wiring diagram of the dual-battery isolator of the invention, wherein the input end of the isolator 2 is connected with the output end of the generator, and the output end of the isolator is connected with the auxiliary battery 1.

A charger:

fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the commercial power charger according to the present invention.

The charger comprises a wide voltage isolation circuit 1 and a traditional commercial power charger circuit 5. The conventional commercial power charger circuit 5 includes a mcu circuit 2, a power supply circuit 3, and a charging circuit 4.

The charging circuit 4 comprises a setting circuit, a feedback circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, a heat dissipation circuit and a radiator temperature detection circuit. The mcu circuit 2 and the power supply circuit 3 are added. These circuits can be combined with corresponding circuits in the motor charging circuit 1, and can be shared, so that the space and the cost are saved.

Fig. 3 is a wiring diagram of the charger of the present invention.

When the utility power is used for charging, the energy of the charger 2 enters the secondary battery 1 from the L pole line 7 of the utility power and the N pole line 8 of the utility power for charging. This is the function of a conventional charger.

When the generator is used for charging, the energy of the charger 2 enters the secondary battery 1 from the generator output positive electrode line 5 and the generator output negative electrode line 6 for charging. This is the function of the wide voltage isolation circuit of the present invention.

An inverter:

fig. 6 is a circuit configuration diagram of the inverter of the present invention.

The inverter comprises a wide voltage isolation circuit 1, a conventional inverter circuit 5. The conventional inverter circuit 5 includes a mcu circuit 2, a power supply circuit 3, and an inverter circuit 4.

The inverter circuit 4 comprises a setting circuit, a feedback circuit, a secondary battery voltage monitoring circuit, a heat dissipation circuit and a radiator temperature detection circuit. The mcu circuit 2 and the power supply circuit 3 are added. These circuits can be combined with corresponding circuits in the motor charging circuit 1, and can be shared, so that the space and the cost are saved.

Fig. 4 is a wiring diagram of the inverter of the present invention.

When the inverter is used, the energy of the inverter 2 enters from the positive electrode line 3 and the negative electrode line 4 of the auxiliary battery 1, and is inverted and then goes out from the AC220-L pole line 7 and the AC220-N pole line 8. This is the function of a conventional inverter.

When the generator is charged, the energy of the inverter 2 is supplied to the sub-battery 1 from the generator output positive line 5 and the generator output negative line 6. This is the function of the wide voltage isolation circuit of the present invention.

A carrier body:

the battery separator, the charger, or the inverter is mounted on the carrier.

The supporting body comprises a motor home, a motor caravan, a private car, a large truck, a yacht, a pleasure boat, a fishing boat, a sailing boat and the like.

The foregoing embodiments and description have been provided merely to illustrate the principles of the invention and one example thereof, and various changes and modifications may be made based on the principles and within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.