阅读说明：本技术 用于运行电动加工器具的方法和电动加工器具 (Method for operating an electric machining device and electric machining device ) 是由 T·施密特 K-S·古尔 M·泽曼 R·泽曼 于 2020-09-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及用于运行电动加工器具的方法和电动加工器具,具体而言涉及用于运行电动加工器具的方法,其中加工器具具有：用户可操纵的操作开关,马达电子装置和电驱动马达,所述马达电子装置具有马达操控器,其中操作开关在输入侧与驱动电压源电连接并且在输出侧与马达电子装置电连接,并且其中马达电子装置在输出侧借助于马达操控器与电驱动马达电连接,其中,方法具有以下步骤：a)监测,马达电子装置上的输入电压是满足闭合评判标准还是满足打开评判标准,并且b)如果打开评判标准被满足,则马达操控器在来自打开状态集合的一个状态中运行,其中,打开状态集合具有用于限制由于惯性运转的电驱动马达引起的输入电压升高的电压控制状态。(The invention relates to a method for operating an electric machining device and to an electric machining device, in particular to a method for operating an electric machining device, wherein the machining device has: user-actuable actuating switches, motor electronics and an electric drive motor, the motor electronics having a motor controller, wherein the actuating switches are electrically connected on the input side to a drive voltage source and on the output side to the motor electronics, and wherein the motor electronics are electrically connected on the output side to the electric drive motor by means of the motor controller, wherein the method has the following steps: a) monitoring whether an input voltage across the motor electronics meets a closing criterion or an opening criterion, and b) if the opening criterion is met, operating the motor controller in one state from a set of open states, wherein the set of open states has a voltage control state for limiting an increase in the input voltage due to the coasting electric drive motor.)

1. Method for operating an electric machining device (1), wherein the machining device (1) has:

a user-actuable operating switch (2), motor electronics (3) having a motor actuator (4), and an electric drive motor (6),

-wherein the operating switch (2) is electrically connected on the input side with a drive voltage source (70) and on the output side with the motor electronics (3), and

-wherein the motor electronics (3) are electrically connected on the output side with the electric drive motor (6) by means of the motor manipulator (4),

wherein the method has the following steps:

a) monitoring whether an input voltage (Uin) across the motor electronics (3) meets a closing criterion (ck) or an opening criterion (ok), wherein the closing criterion (ck) characterizes a closed switching state (closed)) of the operating switch (2) and wherein the opening criterion (ok) characterizes an open switching state (open)) of the operating switch (2) and

b) if the opening criterion (ok) is fulfilled, the motor controller (4) is operated in a state (SZ, IZ) from a set of open states, wherein the set of open states has a voltage control State (SZ) for limiting an increase in the input voltage (Uin) as a result of the coasting electric drive motor (6).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,

-wherein the electric drive motor (6) has a mechanical commutator (7), in particular a direct current motor (8).

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,

-wherein the closure criterion (ck) is: the input voltage (Uin) is equal to or greater than a first voltage limit value (U1) and/or the rise of the input voltage (Uin) is equal to or greater than a voltage rise limit value and/or

-wherein the opening criterion (ok) is: the input voltage (Uin) is equal to or less than a second voltage limit value (U2) and/or the drop in the input voltage (Uin) is equal to or less than a voltage drop limit value.

4. The method according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 3,

-wherein the processing appliance (1) has a power path (9) and an information path (10) which is not used for the power path (9),

-wherein the power path (9) electrically connects the drive voltage source (70) with the motor electronics (3) on the input side for flowing electrical drive power (P7) from the drive voltage source (70) to the motor electronics (3), and wherein the operating switch (2) is electrically arranged in the power path (9), and

-wherein the information path (10) electrically connects the drive voltage source (70) with the motor electronics (3) for information (IfU7) about a voltage source value (U7) of the drive voltage source (70),

wherein the method has the following steps:

-presetting the closure criterion (ck), in particular the first voltage limit value (U1) and/or the voltage rise limit value, and/or the opening criterion (ok), in particular the second voltage limit value (U2) and/or the voltage fall limit value, as a function of the provided information (IfU7) about the voltage source value (U7).

5. The method according to claim 3 and/or 4,

-wherein the second voltage limit value (U2) is smaller than the first voltage limit value (U1), in particular wherein the second voltage limit value (U2) is at least 0.75V smaller than the first voltage limit value (U1) and/or is in the range of 0.8 to 0.9 times the first voltage limit value (U1), and/or

-wherein the first voltage limit value (U1) is smaller than the voltage source value (U7), in particular wherein the first voltage limit value (U1) is at least 0.25V smaller than the voltage source value (U7) and/or is in the range of 0.85 to 0.95 times the voltage source value (U7), and/or

-wherein the first voltage limit value (U1) is in the range of 7.5V to 20.5V, and/or

-wherein the second voltage limit value (U2) is in the range of 6V to 20.5V, and/or

-wherein the voltage source value (U7) is in the range of 8V to 20.5V.

6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the method has the following steps:

c) if the closure criterion (ck) is fulfilled, the motor controller (4) is operated in an active state (AZ) for supplying the electric drive motor (6) with electric output power (Pout) from the drive voltage source (70).

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,

-wherein the set of open states has a voltage control State (SZ) for allowing a rise of the input voltage (Uin) due to the drive voltage source (70) in a closed switching state (closed) of the closing of the operating switch (2).

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,

-wherein the set of open states has a voltage control State (SZ) for keeping the input voltage (Uin) at a voltage value (U3).

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,

-wherein the set of open states has an inactive state (IZ) different from the voltage control State (SZ) for not limiting the rise of the input voltage (Uin) due to the coasting electric drive motor (6), and

-wherein said step b) comprises: operating the motor controller (4) in the inactive state (IZ) after the motor controller (4) is operated in the voltage control State (SZ) in time.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,

-wherein the motor manipulator (4) has at least one motor switching element (12a) and at least one protection element (13a), in particular a protection diode (14a), for protecting the motor switching element (12a), wherein the protection element (13a) allows an increase of the input voltage (Uin) due to the coasting electric drive motor (6).

11. The method according to any of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 6 and/or 9,

-wherein the motor manipulator (4) has a first motor switching element (12a) which can be actuated, wherein the first motor switching element (12a) is arranged electrically downstream of the operating switch (2) and upstream of the electric drive motor (6), and/or has a second motor switching element (12b) which can be actuated, wherein the second motor switching element (12b) is arranged electrically in parallel to the electric drive motor (6),

-wherein operating the motor manipulator (4) in the active state (AZ) comprises: -controlling the first motor switching element (12a) alternately into an on-state (on) and an off-state (off), in particular controlling the first motor switching element (12a) alternately into an on-state (on) and an off-state (off) by means of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), and/or wherein operating the motor manipulator (4) in the voltage control State (SZ) comprises: -controlling the first motor switching element (12a) alternately into the on-state (on) and the off-state (off), in particular controlling the first motor switching element (12a) alternately into the on-state (on) and the off-state (off) by means of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), and/or wherein operating the motor manipulator (4) in the inactive state (IZ) comprises: controlling the first motor switching element (12a) to continuously enter the off-state (off), and/or

-wherein operating the motor manipulator (4) in the active state (AZ) comprises: -controlling the second motor switching element (12b) alternately into an on-state (on) and an off-state (off), in particular controlling the second motor switching element (12b) alternately into an on-state (on) and an off-state (off) by means of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), and/or wherein operating the motor controller (4) in the voltage control State (SZ) comprises: -controlling the second motor switching element (12b) alternately into the on-state (on) and the off-state (off), in particular controlling the second motor switching element (12b) alternately into the on-state (on) and the off-state (off) by means of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), and/or wherein operating the motor manipulator (4) in the inactive state (IZ) comprises: -controlling the second motor switching element (12b) to continuously enter the off-state (off).

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,

-wherein the motor electronics (3) has at least one intermediate circuit capacitor (11), wherein the input voltage (Uin) is an intermediate circuit voltage (U11) of the at least one intermediate circuit capacitor (11).

13. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the method has the following steps:

-If said closing criterion (ck) is fulfilled, carrying out a self-test of said processing appliance (1) and/or an output of user-perceptible information (If 18).

14. Electric machining appliance (1), in particular for carrying out a method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the machining appliance (1) has:

a user-actuable operating switch (2), motor electronics (3) having a motor actuator (4) and having a monitoring and control device (15), and an electric drive motor (6),

-wherein the operating switch (2) is configured on the input side for electrical connection with a drive voltage source (70) and on the output side with the motor electronics (3), and

-wherein the motor electronics (3) are electrically connected on the output side with the electric drive motor (6) by means of the motor manipulator (4), and

-wherein the monitoring and control device (15) is configured to

-for monitoring whether an input voltage (Uin) across the motor electronics (3) meets a closing criterion (ck) or an opening criterion (ok), wherein the closing criterion (ck) characterizes a closed switching state (closed)) of the operating switch (2), and wherein the opening criterion (ok) characterizes an open switching state (open)) of the operating switch (2), and

-if the opening criterion (ok) is fulfilled, for operating the motor manipulator (4) in one state (SZ, IZ) from a set of open states, wherein the set of open states has a voltage control State (SZ) for limiting an increase of the input voltage (Uin) due to the coasting electric drive motor (6).

15. The electric machining appliance (1) according to claim 14, wherein the machining appliance (1) has:

-the drive voltage source (70), in particular wherein the drive voltage source (70) has a battery (19).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for operating an electric machining device and to an electric machining device.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating an electric machining tool and an electric machining tool, which have correspondingly improved performance.

The invention solves the object by providing a method having the features of claim 1 and an electric machining tool having the features of claim 14. Advantageous developments and/or embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

The method according to the invention is designed or configured for operating an electric machining device, in particular automatically operating an electric machining device. The processing device has a user-actuable operating switch, motor electronics with a (in particular electrical) motor actuator, and an electric drive motor. The operating switch is electrically connected or connected in series on the input side to a (in particular electrical) drive voltage source and on the output side to the motor electronics. The motor electronics are electrically connected or connected in series on the output side with the electric drive motor by means of a motor control. The method has the following steps: a) the input voltage across the motor electronics is monitored, in particular automatically, in particular either the closing criterion or the opening criterion is fulfilled. The closure criterion characterizes the closed switching state of the operating switch. The opening criterion characterizes an open switching state of the operating switch. b) If the opening criterion is fulfilled, the motor controller is operated, in particular automatically, in one state or mode from the set of open states or open modes. The set of open states has a voltage control state or voltage control mode for limiting, in particular automatically limiting, an increase in the input voltage caused by an coasting (sometimes called coasting) or a stalling (sometimes called natural stalling) electric drive motor, in particular in the case of an open switching state of the operating switch.

This, in particular the voltage control state, achieves: although the operating switch can have an open switching state, undesired effects are avoided, in particular in connection with the erroneous satisfaction of the closure criterion.

In particular, the processing device can be a hand-guided processing device, in particular a floor-guided or hand-held processing device. In particular, a hand-guided, in particular hand-held machining device can mean: the processing tool can have a maximum mass of 50 kilograms (kg), in particular 20kg, in particular 10 kg. Additionally or alternatively, the processing tool can be a garden, forest and/or engineering processing tool. In particular, the processing device can be a saw, an overhead trimmer, a free cutter, a hedge trimmer, a hedge cutter, a blower, a leaf sweeper, a hedge trimmer, a separating blade cutter, a sweeper device, a sweeper roller, a sweeper brush, a mower, a tilter or a grass trimmer. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the electric drive motor can be configured for driving a working tool of the working appliance.

The operating switch can be configured to establish an electrical connection between the drive voltage source and the motor electronics in the closed switching state and to break the electrical connection in the open switching state. Additionally or alternatively, the operating switch can be referred to as a kill switch. Furthermore, in addition or alternatively, the processing device can be designed such that the operating switch can be directly or indirectly actuatable by a user. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the operating switch can be an operating switch in a switching state from reset to open. Furthermore, in addition or alternatively, the processing device can have a power path, wherein the power path can electrically connect the drive voltage source with the motor electronics on the input side for flowing the electric drive power from the drive voltage source to the motor electronics, in particular in a closed switching state of the operating switch, wherein the operating switch can be arranged electrically or in series in the power path. In particular, the power path can be referred to as a power line.

The motor electronics can have a motor electronics circuit board. Additionally or alternatively, the motor electronics can be electrically connected on the input side to the operating switch (in particular on the output side).

The motor manipulator can be referred to as a final stage.

Monitoring can include measuring an input voltage.

The closing criterion and the opening criterion can be different.

Step a) can be carried out continuously. Additionally or alternatively, step b) can be carried out simultaneously and/or temporally after step a). Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, step b) can be carried out until the closure criterion can be met.

The supply of the electrical output power from the drive voltage source to the electric drive motor is not required or can not be achieved by states from the set of open states, in particular voltage control states.

In one development of the invention, the electric drive motor has a mechanical commutator. In particular, the electric drive motor is a direct current motor. The electric drive motor and thus the processing device can thus be relatively cost-effective. In particular, mechanical commutators can cause commutation peaks or high commutation pulses or cut-off sparks (Abrissfunke) when the electric drive motor is coasting, wherein commutation peaks can cause an increase in the input voltage. In particular, the brushes of the commutator can contact the two disks of the commutator in a short time and thus cause a cut-off spark.

In a further development of the invention, the closure criterion is: the input voltage is equal to or greater than the first voltage limit value and/or the rise in the input voltage, in particular with respect to time, is equal to or greater than a voltage rise limit value, in particular with respect to time.

Additionally or alternatively, the opening criterion is: the input voltage is equal to or less than the second voltage limit value and/or the drop in the input voltage, in particular with respect to time, is equal to or less than the voltage drop limit value, in particular with respect to time.

The voltage control state realizes that: although the operating switch can have an open switching state, erroneous satisfaction of the closure criterion is avoided. In other words: the voltage control state realizes that: monitoring whether the input voltage meets the closure criterion, in particular whether the opening criterion is met, can play a role. In particular, the monitoring can comprise comparing the input voltage with a first voltage limit value and/or a second voltage limit value.

In a development of the invention, in particular in one embodiment, the processing device has a power path, in particular the power path, and an information path which is different from the power path. The power path electrically connects the drive voltage source with the motor electronics on the input side for flowing the electrical drive power from the drive voltage source to the motor electronics, in particular in the closed switching state of the operating switch. The operating switches are electrically arranged or connected in series in the power path. The information path electrically connects, in particular continuously electrically connects, the drive voltage source with the motor electronics for information about the voltage source value of the drive voltage source. The method has the following steps: the closing criterion, in particular the first voltage limit value and/or the voltage rise limit value, if any, and/or the opening criterion, in particular the second voltage limit value and/or the voltage fall limit value, if any, are/is preset, in particular automatically, as a function of the information provided about the voltage source value. This achieves that: the closing criterion and/or the opening criterion are adapted to the voltage source value in real time. In particular, the drive voltage source can have a battery. The voltage source value can decrease as the battery is more and more discharged. Additionally or alternatively, the information can be a voltage source value. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the information path does not require or can not electrically connect the drive voltage source with the motor electronics for flowing the electric drive power from the drive voltage source to the motor electronics. Further, additionally or alternatively, the information path can be referred to as a bypass line. Furthermore, in addition or alternatively, the operating switch need not be or can be arranged electrically in the information path. Further, additionally or alternatively, the power path can be referred to as a power line. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the monitoring can include measuring a voltage source value and/or comparing the input voltage to the voltage source value.

In one embodiment of the invention, the second voltage limit value is smaller than the first voltage limit value. In particular, the second voltage limit value is at least 0.75 volts (V), in particular 1.5V, less than the first voltage limit value. Additionally or alternatively, the second voltage limit value is in the range of 0.8 to 0.9 times the first voltage limit value.

Additionally or alternatively, the first voltage limit value is less than the voltage source value. In particular, the first voltage limit value is at least 0.25V, in particular 0.5V, smaller than the voltage source value. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the first voltage limit value is in the range of 0.85 to 0.95 times the value of the voltage source.

In addition, or alternatively, the first voltage limit value is in the range from 7.5V to 20.5V, in particular to 11.5V.

In addition, or alternatively, the second voltage limit value is in the range of 6V, in particular 7.5V, to 20.5V, in particular to 10V.

Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the voltage source value is in the range of 8V to 20.5V, in particular to 12V.

In these low voltage values, it is necessary or possible to monitor: whether the input voltage meets the closing criterion, in particular whether the opening criterion, is met without the voltage control state according to the invention being inoperative, is distinguished in particular by a high voltage value, such as 36V. In particular, in these low voltage values, the input voltage can be kept approximately at the level of the drive voltage or the voltage source value for a long time without the voltage control state according to the invention. In this way, a rapid voltage increase during the renewed actuation of the operating switch is not required or can be undetected in this region. In other words, therefore, at relatively large time intervals, no switch identification or identification of the switching state is required or can be carried out. In particular, the nominal voltage of the drive voltage source can be 10.8V or 18V.

In a further development of the invention, the method has the following steps: c) if the closing criterion is met, the motor control device is operated, in particular automatically, in an active state or active mode for supplying, in particular automatically, the electric drive motor with electric output power from the drive voltage source, in particular in the case of a closed switching state of the operating switch. This, in particular the active state, enables the electric drive motor to be operated, in particular in the case of a closed switching state of the operating switch. In particular, step c) can be carried out before and/or after step b) in terms of time. Additionally or alternatively, either step c) or step b) can be implemented. Furthermore, step c) can additionally or alternatively be carried out simultaneously and/or temporally after step a). Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, step c) can be carried out until the opening criterion can be met. In addition or alternatively, the active state can be realized in the case of an open switching state of the operating switch, in particular causing a drop in the input voltage and thus the satisfaction of the opening criterion. Further, additionally or alternatively, the active state need not be or can not be from the set of open states. In particular, the active state can be different from the voltage control state. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, step c) can comprise: the motor control device is operated in an active state in order to maintain, in particular automatically maintain, the output voltage at the motor electronics, in particular at the motor control device, or at the electric drive motor at a (in particular constant) voltage value, in particular by means of the electrical output power from the drive voltage source and/or in the closed switching state of the operating switch. In particular, the voltage value of the output voltage can be preset/preset depending on the provided information about the voltage source value and/or information about the electric drive motor.

In a further development of the invention, the set of open states has a voltage control state which serves, in particular automatically, to allow an increase in the input voltage caused by the drive voltage source in the case of a closed switching state of the operating switch. This, in particular the voltage control state, achieves the satisfaction of the closure criterion in the case of a closed switching state of the operating switch. This thus achieves: monitoring whether the input voltage meets the closure criterion, in particular whether the opening criterion is met, can play a role.

In a further development of the invention, the set of open states has a voltage control state for maintaining, in particular automatically maintaining, the input voltage at a (in particular constant) voltage value, in particular at the second voltage limit value, in particular in the case of an open switching state of the operating switch. This achieves that firstly a further drop of the input voltage is avoided. This makes it possible to keep the on-current low in the event of a renewed actuation of the operating switch or in the event of a closed switching state of the operating switch. This thus achieves that damage to the motor electronics is avoided. In particular, the voltage value, in particular the second voltage limit value, can be in the range as described above. Additionally or alternatively, maintaining at a voltage value can represent: the input voltage can be kept in a narrow range of, for example, plus/minus 0.25V around this voltage value.

In a further development of the invention, the set of open states has an inactive state or an inactive mode, which is different from the voltage control state, for the purpose of not limiting, in particular automatically not limiting, the rise in the input voltage caused by the freewheeling electric drive motor, in particular in the case of an open switching state of the operating switch. Step b) comprises: the motor control device is operated in an inactive state, in particular automatically, after the motor control device has been operated in the voltage control state. In particular, operation in the inactive state can be inactive. Additionally or alternatively, step b) can have: if the input voltage can no longer be maintained at the voltage value (if present) and/or if a coasting or even a stalled electric drive motor cannot cause a large increase in the input voltage or even cannot cause an increase in the input voltage at all, the motor controller is operated in the inactive state. Further, additionally or alternatively, the inactive state can be different from the active state.

In a further development of the invention, the motor control device has at least one, in particular a first, motor switching element and at least one, in particular a first, protective element, in particular a protective diode, for protecting the motor switching element, in particular against damage caused by an coasting electric drive motor. The protective element allows an increase in the input voltage due to the freewheeling electric drive motor. In particular, the protection element can be arranged electrically antiparallel (sometimes referred to as antiparallel) to the motor switching element or electrically antiparallel to the motor switching element. Additionally or alternatively, the protection diode can be referred to as a freewheeling diode or a body diode. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the motor switching element can be a transistor.

In a development, in particular in the design of the invention, the motor control device has (in particular) a first motor switching element that can be actuated and/or a second motor switching element that can be actuated. The first motor switching element is arranged electrically or in series downstream of the operating switch and upstream of the electric drive motor. The second motor switching element is arranged electrically in parallel with the electric drive motor or electrically in parallel with the electric drive motor.

Operating the motor controller in the active state (if present) includes: the first motor switching element is controlled, in particular automatically, alternately into an on-state and into an off-state, in particular by means of pulse width modulation. Additionally or alternatively, operating the motor controller in the voltage control state includes: the first motor switching element is controlled, in particular automatically, alternately into an on-state and into an off-state, in particular by means of pulse width modulation. Additionally or alternatively, operating the motor manipulator in the inactive state includes: the first motor switching element is continuously controlled, in particular automatically, into the off state.

Additionally or alternatively, operating the motor manipulator in the active state comprises: the second motor switching element is controlled, in particular automatically, alternately into an on-state and into an off-state, in particular by means of pulse width modulation. Additionally or alternatively, operating the motor controller in the voltage control state includes: the second motor switching element is controlled, in particular automatically, alternately into an on-state and into an off-state, in particular by means of pulse width modulation. Additionally or alternatively, operating the motor manipulator in the inactive state includes: the second motor switching element is continuously controlled, in particular automatically, into the off state.

The control in the active state enables the electric output power to be supplied to the electric drive motor by the drive voltage source in the case of a closed switching state of the operating switch and/or enables a reduction of the input voltage in the case of an open switching state of the operating switch.

In addition or alternatively, the control in the voltage control state effects a limitation of the rise in the input voltage, in particular a holding of the input voltage, in the case of an open switching state of the operating switch and/or an allowance of the rise in the input voltage in the case of a closed switching state of the operating switch.

In addition or alternatively, the control in the inactive state, in particular in the case of an open switching state of the operating switch, achieves an unrestricted increase in the input voltage.

In particular, the first motor switching element and the second motor switching element can be operated as a voltage controller, in particular as a voltage regulator. Additionally or alternatively, the first motor switching element and the second motor switching element can be different. In addition, or alternatively, the first motor switching element can be referred to as a high-side switching element and/or the second motor switching element can be referred to as a low-side switching element. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the second motor switching element and/or the electric drive motor can be arranged electrically or in series after the first motor switching element and before the ground connection, respectively. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, the first motor switching element and the second motor switching element can each be a transistor. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively the on and off states can be different. Additionally or alternatively, the on state can be referred to as a conducting state and/or the off state can be referred to as a non-conducting or open state. Moreover, persistency can additionally or alternatively be referred to as persistency and/or meaning entry into one of the states and not entry into the other state. Additionally or alternatively, operating the motor controller in the active state and/or in the voltage control state may include: the first motor switching element and the second motor switching element are controlled by means of complementary pulse width modulation.

In one refinement of the invention, the motor electronics has at least one intermediate circuit capacitor. The input voltage is an intermediate loop voltage of the at least one intermediate loop capacitor. In particular, the intermediate circuit capacitor can be arranged electrically or in series downstream of the operating switch and, in particular, first, upstream of the motor switching element and/or upstream of the protective element and/or upstream of the ground. In addition or alternatively, the intermediate circuit capacitor, the protective diode, the second motor switching element, in particular the first motor switching element, and the electric drive motor can form, in particular at least partially or even completely, a Boost Converter or a Boost Converter (Boost Converter).

In a further development of the invention, the method has the following steps: if the closure criterion is fulfilled, the self-test of the processing device is carried out, in particular automatically, and/or information perceptible to the user is output, in particular automatically, depending on the result of the self-test. The voltage control state realizes that: the execution and/or output of the self-test is only carried out when the operating switch has a closed switching state. This, in particular the voltage control state, thus achieves: although the operating switch can have an open switching state, undesired effects, in particular a false satisfaction of the criterion for the closure, are avoided. In particular, an undesired effect may be that the result of the self-test is that although the operating switch has an open switching state, the closure criterion is still met and thus this undesired effect is recognized as an error and this error is output. Additionally or alternatively, the output can be an optical and/or acoustic output.

The electric machining appliance according to the invention has (in particular) the user-actuable operating switch, the (in particular) motor electronics having (in particular) the motor control and having (in particular electrical) monitoring and control means, and (in particular) the electric drive motor. The operating switch is designed on the input side for electrical connection to a (in particular) drive voltage source and on the output side to the motor electronics. The motor electronics are electrically connected on the output side to the electric drive motor by means of a motor control. The monitoring and control device is designed or configured to monitor, in particular automatically monitor: the input voltage (in particular the input voltage) at the motor electronics device particularly meets (in particular the) closing criterion or particularly meets (in particular the) opening criterion. The closing criterion characterizes a closed switching state of the operating switch (in particular the switch). The opening criterion characterizes an open switching state of the operating switch (in particular the switch-on state). Furthermore, the monitoring and control device is designed or configured for operating, in particular automatically operating, the motor control device in a (in particular said) state from the (in particular said) set of open states when the opening criterion is fulfilled. The set of open states has a (in particular the) increased (in particular the) voltage control state for limiting, in particular automatically limiting, the input voltage caused by the coasting electric drive motor.

The processing tool is able to achieve the same advantages as for the method described above.

In particular, the processing device, in particular the monitoring and control device, can be constructed or configured for carrying out the method as described above. Additionally or alternatively, the processing device can be constructed or configured as described above for the described method. Furthermore, the monitoring and control device can additionally or alternatively have a microcontroller, in particular a microcontroller. Furthermore, the processing device can additionally or alternatively be designed for carrying a drive voltage source with an accumulator, in particular for accommodating, in particular for being replaceable.

In a further development of the invention, the processing device has a drive voltage source. In particular, the drive voltage source has (in particular) a battery. In particular, the operating switch is electrically connected to the drive voltage source on the input side. Additionally or alternatively, the drive voltage source can be configured as an alternative drive voltage source.

Drawings

Further advantages and aspects of the invention emerge from the claims and from the subsequent description of preferred embodiments of the invention, which are explained below with the aid of the drawings. Wherein:

figure 1 shows a schematic view of an electric working appliance according to the invention,

figure 2 shows an equivalent circuit diagram of the processing tool of figure 1,

figure 3 shows a detailed equivalent circuit diagram of a portion of the processing tool of figure 1,

figure 4 shows a circuit diagram of the processing tool of figure 1,

fig. 5 shows a diagram of the output voltage of the electric drive motor over time for the processing device of fig. 1, in particular freewheeling,

FIG. 6 shows a diagram, in particular a graph, of the switching state of a user-actuable operating switch and the input voltage on the motor electronics over time without the method according to the invention,

FIG. 7 shows a further process diagram of a further method not according to the invention, and

fig. 8 shows a switching state of a user-actuable operating switch of the processing device of fig. 1 and a time-dependent progression, in particular a diagram, of an input voltage at the motor electronics of the processing device of fig. 1 in accordance with the method of the invention.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 to 4 show an electric machining tool 1 according to the invention. The processing device 1 has a user-actuable operating switch 2, motor electronics 3 with a motor actuator 4 and a monitoring and control device 15, and an electric drive motor 6. The operating switch 2 is designed on the input side for electrical connection to the drive voltage source 70 and on the output side for electrical connection to the motor electronics 3. The motor electronics 3 are electrically connected on the output side to an electric drive motor 6 by means of a motor control 4. The monitoring and control device 15 is designed to monitor whether the input voltage Uin at the motor electronics 3 meets the closing criterion ck or the opening criterion ok. The closure criterion ck characterizes the closed switching state closed of the operating switch 2. The opening criterion ok characterizes an open switching state open of the operating switch 2. Furthermore, the monitoring and control device 15 is designed to operate the motor controller 4 in one state SZ, IZ from the set of open states if the opening criterion ok is met. The set of open states has a voltage control state SZ which serves to limit the rise in the input voltage Uin due to the coasting electric drive motor 6, in particular in the case of an open switching state open of the operating switch 2.

Fig. 8 shows a method according to the invention for operating an electric machining device 1, in particular by means of a monitoring and control device 15. The processing device 1 has a user-actuable operating switch 2, motor electronics 3 with a motor actuator 4, and an electric drive motor 6. The operating switch 2 is electrically connected on the input side to the drive voltage source 7 and on the output side to the motor electronics 3. The motor electronics 3 are electrically connected on the output side to an electric drive motor 6 by means of a motor control 4. The method comprises the following steps: a) it is monitored whether the input voltage Uin at the motor electronics 3 meets the closing criterion ck or the opening criterion ok, in particular by means of the monitoring and control device 15. The closure criterion ck characterizes the closed switching state closed of the operating switch 2. The opening criterion ok characterizes an open switching state open of the operating switch 2. b) If the opening criterion is fulfilled, the motor controller 4 is operated in the states SZ, IZ from the set of opening states, in particular by means of the monitoring and control device 15. The set of open states has a voltage control state SZ for limiting the rise in the input voltage Uin due to the coasting electric drive motor 6.

In detail, the processing tool 2 has a drive voltage source 70. In particular, the drive voltage source 70 has a battery 19.

Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, the processing tool 2 is a hedge trimmer. In an alternative embodiment, the processing implement can be a saw, an overhead trimmer, a free cutter, a hedge cutter, a blower, a leaf sweeper, a tree pruner, a walk-off cutter, a sweeper implement, a sweeper roll, a sweeper brush, a mower, a rooter or a grass trimmer.

Furthermore, the electric drive motor 6 has a mechanical commutator 7. In particular, the electric drive motor 6 is a direct current motor 8.

In detail, the mechanical commutator 7 causes a commutation peak KP when the electric drive motor 6 is coasting, as shown in fig. 5. The commutation peak KP can cause the input voltage Uin to rise as shown in fig. 6 and 7.

Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, the closure criterion ck is: the input voltage Uin is equal to or greater than the first voltage limit value U1. In an alternative embodiment, the closure criterion can additionally or alternatively be: the rise of the input voltage is equal to or greater than the voltage rise limit value.

Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, the opening criterion ok is: the input voltage Uin is equal to or less than the second voltage limit value U2. In an alternative embodiment, the opening criterion can additionally or alternatively be: the drop in the input voltage is equal to or less than a voltage drop limit.

The voltage control state SZ realizes: although the operating switch 2 has an open switching state open, it is avoided (as shown in fig. 8) that the closure criterion cK is erroneously met, as shown in fig. 6 at the beginning of the hatched region.

Furthermore, the processing device 2 has a power path 9 and an information path 10 which is different from the power path 9. The power path 9 electrically connects the drive voltage source 70 with the motor electronics 3 on the input side for flowing the electrical drive power P7 from the drive voltage source 70 to the motor electronics 3, in particular in a closed switching state closed of the operating switch 2. The operating switch 2 is electrically arranged in the power path 9. The information path 10 electrically connects the drive voltage source 70 to the motor electronics 3, in particular the monitoring and control device 15, for information IfU7 about the voltage source value U7 of the drive voltage source 70. The method has the following steps: the closing criterion ck, in the exemplary embodiment shown the first voltage limit value U1, and/or the opening criterion ok, in the exemplary embodiment shown the second voltage limit value U2, are preset as a function of the provided information IfU7 about the voltage source value U7, in particular by means of the monitoring and control device 15.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the information path 10 electrically connects the drive voltage source 70 to the motor electronics 3, in particular to the monitoring and control device 15, in order to cause an electrical power P15 to flow from the drive voltage source 70 to the monitoring and control device 15 in order to operate the monitoring and control device 15, in particular in an open switching state open of the operating switch 2.

In addition, second voltage limit value U2 is less than first voltage limit value U1. In particular, the second voltage limit value U2 is at least 0.75V less than the first voltage limit value U1. Additionally or alternatively, the second voltage limit value U2 is in the range of 0.8 to 0.9 times the first voltage limit value U1.

Additionally, first voltage limit value U1 is less than voltage source value U7. In particular, first voltage limit value U1 is at least 0.25V less than voltage source value U7. Furthermore, additionally or alternatively, first voltage limit value U1 is in the range of 0.85 to 0.95 times voltage source value U7.

Furthermore, additionally, the first voltage limit value U1 is in the range of 7.5V to 20.5V.

Furthermore, additionally, the second voltage limit value U2 is in the range of 6V to 20.5V.

Further, additionally, the voltage source value U7 is in the range of 8V to 20.5V.

In the case of these low voltage values, it is necessary or possible to monitor: in the case where the voltage control state according to the present invention is not inoperative, whether the input voltage satisfies the closure criterion, in particular, whether the rise of the input voltage is equal to or greater than the voltage rise limit value. In particular, in these low voltage values, the input voltage can be kept approximately at the level of the drive voltage or voltage source value for a long time without the voltage control state according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 7. In this region hatched in fig. 7, a rapid voltage increase is therefore not necessary or can be recognized without actuating the operating switch again. That is to say over a relatively large time interval, no switch identification or identification of the switching state is therefore necessary or possible.

Furthermore, the method has the following steps: c) if the closure criterion ck is met, the motor controller 4 is operated in the active state AZ for supplying the electric drive motor 6 with the electric output power Pout from the drive voltage source 70, in particular in a closed switching state closed of the operating switch 2, in particular by means of the monitoring and control device 15.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the active state AZ effects a reduction of the input voltage Uin in the open switching state open of the operating switch 2 and thus fulfils the opening criterion ok.

Furthermore, the set of open states has a voltage control state SZ for allowing an increase of the input voltage Uin caused by the drive voltage source 70 in a closed switching state closed (closed) of the closing of the operating switch 2.

The voltage control state SZ achieves the satisfaction of the closure criterion ck in the closed switching state closed of the operating switch 2.

Furthermore, the set of open states has a voltage control state SZ for holding the input voltage Uin at the voltage value U3, in the illustrated exemplary embodiment at the second voltage limit value U2, in particular in the open switching state open (open) of the operating switch 2.

The voltage control state SZ realizes: first of all, a further drop of the input voltage Uin is avoided.

Furthermore, the set of open states has an inactive state IZ, which is different from the voltage control state SZ, in order not to limit the rise in the input voltage Uin due to the coasting electric drive motor 6, in particular in the open switching state open (open) of the operating switch 2. Step b) comprises: in the voltage control state after the operation of the motor controller 4 in time, the motor controller 4 is operated in the inactive state IZ.

Furthermore, the motor control 4 has at least one, in particular a first, motor switching element 12a and at least one (in particular a first) protection element 13a, in particular a protection diode 14a, for protecting the motor switching element 12 a. The protective element 13a, in particular the first protective element, allows the input voltage Uin to rise as a result of the coasting electric drive motor 6.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the protective element 13a, in particular the first protective element, is arranged electrically antiparallel to the motor switching element 12a, in particular the first motor switching element.

Furthermore, the motor control 4 has a first motor switching element 12a which can be actuated and a second motor switching element 12b which can be actuated. The first motor switching element 12a is electrically arranged downstream of the operating switch 2 and upstream of the electric drive motor 6. The second motor switching element 12b is arranged electrically in parallel to the electric drive motor 6.

"operating the motor controller 4 in the active state AZ" includes: the first motor switching element 12a is controlled alternately into an on state on and an off state off, in particular by means of pulse width modulation PWM, in particular by means of the monitoring and control device 15.

Additionally, "operating the motor controller 4 in the voltage control state SZ" includes: the first motor switching element 12a is controlled alternately into an on state on and an off state off, in particular by means of pulse width modulation PWM, in particular by means of the monitoring and control device 15.

Furthermore, additionally, "operating the motor manipulator 4 in the inactive state IZ" includes: the first motor switching element 12a is controlled continuously into the off state off, in particular by means of the monitoring and control device 15.

Furthermore, additionally, "operating the motor controller 4 in the active state AZ" includes: the second motor switching element 12b is controlled alternately into an on state on and an off state off, in particular by means of pulse width modulation PWM, in particular by means of the monitoring and control device 15.

Furthermore, additionally, "operating the motor controller 4 in the voltage control state SZ" includes: the second motor switching element 12b is controlled alternately into an on state on and an off state off, in particular by means of pulse width modulation PWM, in particular by means of the monitoring and control device 15.

Furthermore, additionally, "operating the motor manipulator 4 in the inactive state IZ" includes: the second motor switching element 12b is controlled continuously into the off state off, in particular by means of the monitoring and control device 15.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, "operating the motor control 4 in the active state AZ and in the voltage control state SZ" includes: the first motor switching element 12a and the second motor switching element 12b are controlled by means of complementary pulse width modulation PWM.

In an alternative embodiment, "operating the motor controller in the voltage control state" can include: the first motor switching element is controlled to continuously enter the off state.

Furthermore, the motor control 4 has a second protective element 13b, in particular a protective diode 14b, for protecting the second motor switching element 12 b.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the second protective element 13b is arranged electrically antiparallel to the second motor switching element 12 b.

Furthermore, the motor electronics 3 has at least one intermediate circuit capacitor 11. The input voltage Uin is the intermediate circuit voltage U11 of the at least one intermediate circuit capacitor 11.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the intermediate circuit capacitor 11, the first protective diode 14a, the second motor switching element 12b, the first motor switching element 12a and the electric drive motor 6 form a step-up converter, as shown in fig. 4.

In an alternative embodiment, the intermediate circuit capacitor, the first protection diode, the second motor switching element and the electric drive motor can form a step-up converter.

In detail, the electric drive motor 6 is connected as an inductance L in series with a protective diode 14a as a freewheeling diode D, downstream of which the intermediate circuit capacitor 11 as a charging capacitor C collects the output voltage Uout. The electric drive motor 6 can be wired as an inductance L via the second motor switching element 12b as a switch Sb to the ground GND. The second motor switching element 12b serves as a switch Sb for generating an input/intermediate circuit voltage Uin, U11, in particular a constant input/intermediate circuit voltage, from a reduced output voltage Uout, in particular an output voltage of the electric drive motor 6, according to the boost converter principle. When the second motor switching element 12b is controlled into the off state off, the first motor switching element 12a is controlled into the on state on as switch Sa, so that the input/intermediate circuit voltage Uin, U11 is not raised by the coasting electric drive motor 6, in particular by the commutation peak KP.

The use of the motor electronics 3, in particular the motor control unit 4, as a step-up converter and the use of the induced output voltage Uout of the coasting electric drive motor 6 thus makes it possible to: the input voltage Uin, in particular the intermediate circuit voltage U11, is held at a voltage value U3, in particular a second voltage limit value U2.

This achieves that: first of all, a further drop of the input voltage Uin is avoided. This results in the switch-on current being kept low in the event of a renewed actuation of the operating switch 2 or in the closed switching state closed of the operating switch 2. In particular, this makes it possible to avoid damage to the motor electronics 3, in particular to the intermediate circuit capacitor 11.

In addition, the control in the active state AZ effects a supply of the electrical output power Pout by the drive voltage source 70 to the electric drive motor 6 in the closed switching state closed of the operating switch 2 and/or a reduction of the input voltage Uin, in particular of the intermediate circuit voltage U11, in particular a discharge of the intermediate circuit capacitor 11, in the open switching state open of the operating switch 2.

In addition, the control in the voltage control state SZ effects a limitation of the rise of the input voltage Uin, in particular a holding of the input voltage Uin, in the open switching state open of the operating switch 2 and/or effects a permission of the rise of the input voltage Uin, in particular of the intermediate circuit voltage U11, in particular a charging of the intermediate circuit capacitor 11, in the closed switching state closed of the operating switch 2.

In addition, in the inactive state IZ, in particular in the open switching state open (open) of the operating switch 2, the input voltage Uin, in particular the intermediate circuit voltage U11, is controlled without limitation, in particular the charging of the intermediate circuit capacitor 11 is effected.

Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the monitoring and control device 15 is designed for interacting with the first motor switching element 12a, the second motor switching element 12b and the intermediate circuit capacitor 11, as is indicated in fig. 3 by dashed lines.

Furthermore, the method has the following steps: if the closing criterion is fulfilled, a self-test of the processing appliance 1 is carried out, in particular by means of the self-testing device 17 of the processing appliance 1, and/or user-perceptible information If18 is output, in particular by means of the output device 18 of the processing appliance 1.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the output device 18 has an output device circuit board with a display device in the form of a plurality of LEDs.

Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the information path 10 electrically connects the drive voltage source 70 to the self-test device 17 and/or the output device 18 for flowing electrical power P17, P18 from the drive voltage source 70 to the self-test device 17 and/or the output device 18 for operating the self-test device 17 and/or the output device 18, in particular in an open switching state open of the operating switch 2.

As the exemplary embodiments shown and explained above show, the invention provides an advantageous method for operating an electric machining device and an electric machining device, which have correspondingly improved performance.