阅读说明：本技术 一种梯度混杂的增强铝基复合材料及其制备方法 (Gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 顾建 李冬青 周立宪 刘胜春 张军 刘鹏 刘臻 司佳钧 刘龙 齐翼 尹泉 张昭 于 2020-05-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种梯度混杂的增强铝基复合材料及其制备方法,包括中混合料和中混合料上下两侧的方向上依次对称设置的混合料2、3和4；该材料包括按质量百分比计的18-25％SiC、67-75％高纯铝和6-12％短碳纤维镀镍/铜；本发明提供的增强铝基复合材料耐磨性和机械性能优异,本发明提供的技术方案简单且成本低,可广泛应用于工程领域。(The invention discloses a gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material comprises a middle mixed material and mixed materials 2, 3 and 4 which are sequentially and symmetrically arranged in the directions of the upper side and the lower side of the middle mixed material; the material comprises 18-25% of SiC, 67-75% of high-purity aluminum and 6-12% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper according to mass percentage; the reinforced aluminum-based composite material provided by the invention has excellent wear resistance and mechanical property, and the technical scheme provided by the invention is simple and low in cost, and can be widely applied to the field of engineering.)

1. The gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material is characterized by comprising a middle mixture and mixtures 2, 3 and 4 which are sequentially and symmetrically arranged in the directions of the upper side and the lower side of the middle mixture;

the material comprises 18-25% of SiC, 67-75% of aluminum and 6-12% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating according to volume fraction.

2. The reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the mix comprises mix 1, the mix 1 containing 25-28% SiC by volume fraction, -150+270 mesh aluminum 65-70% and-270 mesh aluminum 6-8%.

3. The reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1 wherein said mix 2 contains, in volume fraction, 90.2% of said mix 1 and 9.8% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating.

4. The reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1 wherein said mix 3 contains 75.4% by volume of said mix 1 and 24.6% by volume of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating.

5. The reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1 wherein said mix 4 contains 69.7% by volume of said mix 1 and 30.3% by volume of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating.

6. A method for the preparation of a reinforced aluminium matrix composite according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it comprises the following steps:

1) preparing a mixture 1;

2) preparing a mixed material of the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating and the mixed material 1;

3) molding;

4) the resulting molded article is treated.

7. The method for preparing the reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 6, wherein the step 2) comprises mixing the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating with the mixed material 1 for 30-60min to obtain mixed materials 2, 3 and 4.

8. The method for preparing a reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 6, wherein the mixture is added under 10-30MPa during the forming in step 3).

9. The method for preparing a reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 6, wherein the step 4) comprises:

a) maintaining the pressure of the formed product at 60-100MPa for 40-80 seconds, and then maintaining the pressure at 200-300MPa for 100-180 seconds;

b) sintering for 3-5h in high-purity Ar atmosphere at 500-800 ℃, and then cooling along with the furnace.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an aluminum matrix composite, in particular to a gradient mixed reinforced aluminum matrix composite and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The metal matrix composite is a high-performance light material, and has excellent specific strength, specific rigidity, wear resistance and dimensional stability. At present, the traditional metal matrix composite material reinforcing modes mainly comprise particle reinforcing, hybrid reinforcing, fiber reinforcing and the like, and the matrix mainly comprises metal matrixes such as aluminum matrix, magnesium matrix, copper matrix and the like. The discontinuous reinforced metal matrix composite material has the advantages of low cost, simple manufacturing process, excellent mechanical property, easy processing deformation and the like, and is the main development direction of metal matrix composite materials in the future.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a reinforced aluminum matrix composite material with excellent wear resistance and mechanical property and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material comprises a middle mixed material and mixed materials 2, 3 and 4 which are sequentially and symmetrically arranged in the directions of the upper side and the lower side of the middle mixed material;

the material comprises 18-25% of SiC, 67-75% of aluminum and 6-12% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating according to volume fraction.

Further, the mixed material comprises a mixed material 1, and the mixed material 1 contains 25-28% of SiC, 65-70% of aluminum with 150+270 meshes and 6-8% of aluminum with 270 meshes in percentage by volume.

Further, the mixture 2 contains 90.2% of the mixture 1 and 9.8% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating according to volume fraction.

Further, the mix 3 contains 75.4% of the mix 1 and 24.6% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating by volume fraction.

Further, the mix 4 contains 69.7% of the mix 1 and 30.3% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating by volume fraction.

The preparation method of the reinforced aluminum-based composite material comprises the following steps:

1) preparing a mixture 1;

2) preparing a mixed material of the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating and the mixed material 1;

3) molding;

4) the resulting molded article is treated.

Further, the step 2) comprises mixing the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating with the mixture 1 for 30-60min to obtain mixtures 2, 3 and 4.

Further, the mixture is added under the pressure of 10-30MPa when the mixture is formed in the step 3).

Further, the step 4) comprises:

a) maintaining the pressure of the formed product at 60-100MPa for 40-80 seconds, and then maintaining the pressure at 200-300MPa for 100-180 seconds;

b) sintering for 3-5h in high-purity Ar atmosphere at 500-800 ℃, and then cooling along with the furnace.

Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:

1) the reinforced aluminum-based composite material provided by the invention realizes the combination of high wear resistance and mechanical property by introducing the silicon carbide gradient mixed short carbon fiber, the friction coefficient of the composite material reaches 0.26, the tensile strength reaches 220MPa, the yield strength reaches 112MPa, the elastic modulus reaches 102GPa, and the distributed hardness reaches 120 HBW.

2) The reinforced aluminum-based composite material provided by the invention has low internal stress in the preparation process, has few material tissue defects, has the density of 94 percent and the density of 2.77g/cm2, and can be widely applied to the engineering field.

3) The technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages of low production cost, simple preparation process, convenience for popularization and obvious engineering practical application significance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a reinforced aluminum matrix composite provided by the present invention.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.