阅读说明：本技术 多通道吹砟装置和方法 (Multi-channel ballast blowing device and method ) 是由 陈成 饶文锦 朱思凡 朱尘轩 芮瑞 吴正凯 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了多通道吹砟装置和方法,能够实现高效吹咋。多通道吹砟装置包括：底座部；两个集料箱,分别与两个底座相对应,用于承装待补砟料；每个集料箱底部均设有两个对角设置的输料口,分别与单轨两侧对应；两个安装架,将两个集料箱分别架设在两个底座上；两组吹砟管,分别与两个集料箱相连；每组吹砟管包括两个吹砟管,分别与集料箱的两个输料口相连,每个吹砟管均包括：导料管,与位于导料管上部的进气口相连通的导气管,可旋转地套设在导料管主体段外、向下延伸、且底部侧壁上开设有与导料管出料口相连通的出砟口的外套管,与外套管相连、调节外套管旋转角度从而调节出砟口方向的旋转件；以及两个升降机构。(The invention provides a multichannel ballast blowing device and a multichannel ballast blowing method, which can realize high-efficiency ballast blowing. Multichannel blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. device includes: a base part; the two material collecting boxes correspond to the two bases respectively and are used for bearing and loading the to-be-supplemented ballast materials; the bottom of each material collecting box is provided with two material conveying ports which are arranged diagonally and respectively correspond to two sides of the single rail; the two mounting frames are used for respectively mounting the two material collecting boxes on the two bases; the two groups of ballast blowing pipes are respectively connected with the two material collecting boxes; every group blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe and includes two tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipes, links to each other with two material conveying mouth of the case that gathers materials respectively, and every blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe and all includes: the guide pipe, the air duct communicated with air inlet on the upper part of the guide pipe, the outer sleeve which is rotatably sleeved outside the main body section of the guide pipe and extends downwards and is provided with a ballast outlet communicated with the discharge outlet of the guide pipe on the side wall of the bottom part, and the rotating part which is connected with the outer sleeve and adjusts the rotating angle of the outer sleeve so as to adjust the direction of the ballast outlet; and two lifting mechanisms.)

1. The utility model provides a tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. device is blown to multichannel which characterized in that includes:

a base portion, comprising: the connecting unit is provided with at least two rows of base connecting rods, two bases which can be movably and fixedly arranged on the connecting unit along the base connecting rods, are of a frame structure and respectively correspond to the left rail and the right rail of the track, and two wheel units which are symmetrically arranged and matched with the left rail and the right rail of the track are respectively arranged on the two bases;

the two material collecting boxes correspond to the two bases respectively and are used for bearing and loading the to-be-supplemented ballast materials; the bottom of each material collecting box is provided with two material conveying ports which are arranged diagonally and respectively correspond to two sides of the single rail;

the two mounting frames correspond to the two material collecting boxes respectively and are erected on the two bases respectively;

the two groups of ballast blowing pipes are respectively connected with the two material collecting boxes; each group of the ballast blowing pipes comprises two ballast blowing pipes which are correspondingly connected with the two conveying ports of the material collecting box respectively; each ballast blowing pipe comprises: the feeding pipe is communicated with the feeding port, the main body section extends downwards, the air guide pipe is communicated with an air inlet positioned at the upper part of the feeding pipe, the outer sleeve is rotatably sleeved outside the main body section of the feeding pipe and extends downwards, a ballast outlet communicated with the discharge port of the feeding pipe is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the outer sleeve, and the rotating part is connected with the outer sleeve and used for adjusting the rotating angle of the outer sleeve so as to adjust the direction of the ballast outlet; and

the two lifting mechanisms respectively correspond to the two ballast blowing pipes, so that the ballast blowing pipes descend to the ballast outlet and align to the bottom of the sleeper or ascend to leave the sleeper.

2. The multi-channel ballast blowing device according to claim 1, further comprising:

the ballast blowing position adjusting part is used for adjusting each group of ballast blowing pipes to enable the ballast blowing pipes to be located at a preset ballast blowing position;

wherein, the base includes: two positioning transverse rods extending along the width direction of the track, two wheel transverse rods and two longitudinal rods fixedly connected with the four transverse rods;

the feed inlet of the ballast blowing pipe is detachably and fixedly connected with the discharge outlet of the material collecting box;

blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. position control portion including setting up every on the positioning transverse bar, extend, let thereby the mounting bracket can freely remove the adjustment position drive the case that gathers materials with blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe synchronous movement's shifting chute, and after position adjustment is good will the mounting bracket is fixed mounting on the shifting chute.

3. The multi-channel ballast blowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the bottom edge of the gas-guide tube extends to the upper edge of the ballast outlet;

the outer sleeve is detachably connected with the material guide pipe, a pipe section of the outer sleeve, which is located below the ballast outlet, is of a solid structure, the upper surface of the solid pipe section, the discharge port and the ballast outlet form a side ballast outlet channel together, the outer surface of the solid pipe section is in an inverted cone shape, and the vertex of the cone is an arc angle.

4. The multi-channel ballast blowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the rotating piece is a rotating rod extending outwards from the side wall of the outer sleeve or a rotating mechanism which is arranged between the outer sleeve and the material guide pipe and drives the outer sleeve to rotate around the material guide pipe by a corresponding angle after receiving a rotating signal.

5. The multi-channel ballast blowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

wherein, the rotating member can adjust the range of the rotation angle of the outer sleeve to be 0-270 degrees.

6. The utility model provides a tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. device is blown to multichannel which characterized in that includes:

a base portion, comprising: the connecting unit is provided with at least two rows of base connecting rods, two bases which can be movably and fixedly arranged on the connecting unit along the base connecting rods, are of a frame structure and respectively correspond to the left rail and the right rail of the track, and two wheel units which are symmetrically arranged and matched with the left rail and the right rail of the track are respectively arranged on the two bases; and

two blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. mechanisms, install respectively on two bases, every but blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. mechanism is including installing on the base relative movement and two fixed tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. units of blowing, every blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. units and all include: the material collecting box is used for bearing and loading the to-be-supplemented ballast materials; the mounting frame is used for erecting the aggregate box on the base; the ballast blowing pipe is correspondingly connected with a material conveying opening of the material collecting box; the ballast blowing pipe descends to the ballast outlet and is aligned with the bottom of the sleeper, or the ballast blowing pipe ascends to leave the sleeper; each ballast blowing pipe comprises: the feeding hole is communicated with the feeding hole, the guide pipe extends downwards from the main body section, the air guide pipe is communicated with an air inlet positioned at the upper part of the guide pipe, the outer sleeve is rotatably sleeved outside the guide pipe main body section and extends downwards, a ballast outlet communicated with the discharge hole of the guide pipe is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the outer sleeve, and the rotating piece is connected with the outer sleeve and is used for adjusting the rotating angle of the outer sleeve so as to adjust the direction of the ballast outlet.

7. The multi-channel ballast blowing device according to claim 6, further comprising:

the ballast blowing position adjusting part is used for adjusting each ballast blowing pipe to be at a preset ballast blowing position;

wherein, the base includes: the base is divided into a plurality of rows of ballast blowing unit mounting positions by a plurality of transverse mounting rods which extend along the width direction of the track and divide the base into a plurality of rows of ballast blowing unit mounting positions in the length direction of the track, and a plurality of longitudinal mounting rods which extend along the length direction of the track and divide the base into a plurality of rows of ballast blowing unit mounting positions in the width direction of the track;

each row or each column of the installation positions corresponds to two transverse or longitudinal installation rods, the two transverse or longitudinal installation rods are used for installing the installation frame, and after installation, the two ballast blowing pipes of each ballast blowing unit are located at a preset ballast blowing position;

the track matching adjusting part comprises a moving groove which is arranged on the transverse installation rod and the longitudinal installation rod, extends along the length direction of the rods, and allows the installation rack to freely move and adjust the position, so that the distance and the position of the ballast blowing pipes are matched with the size and the shape of the track and the sleeper, and a fixing part which is used for fixing the installation rack on the moving groove after the position is adjusted.

8. A sleeper ballast blowing method is characterized in that the multichannel ballast blowing device of any one of claims 1 to 7 is adopted for ballast blowing, and comprises the following steps:

step 1, moving a left base and a right base along a base connecting rod according to the width of a track to enable a left wheel unit and a right wheel unit to correspond to the tracks on two sides, and enabling a multichannel ballast blowing device to be erected on the track through the left wheel unit and the right wheel unit and to move along the track;

step 2, moving each ballast blowing pipe to a ballast blowing position corresponding to the sleeper respectively by adjusting the position of the base on the track and the position of the mounting frame on the base;

step 3, for each ballast blowing pipe, enabling the ballast blowing pipe to descend into the track bed through a lifting mechanism, and aligning a ballast outlet to a to-be-supplemented ballast area at the bottom of the sleeper after being lifted by external equipment;

step 4, opening discharge ports of the aggregate boxes, allowing ballast materials to enter a ballast blowing pipe, and blowing the ballast materials to a to-be-supplemented ballast area from ballast outlet ports under the action of air flow introduced by an air duct; according to a preset rotation process and the blowing-in time, the direction of the ballast outlet is adjusted through the rotating piece, so that the ballast outlet is blown-in for a certain time in the preset direction, and then the ballast outlet is rotated to the next direction for blowing-in until ballast materials are fully blown-in all directions of a ballast area to be replenished;

step 5, after the ballast blowing position is subjected to blowing filling, closing the discharge hole and the air guide port; and then repeating the steps 1 to 4 to carry out hydraulic filling on the next ballast blowing position.

9. The sleeper ballast blowing method according to claim 8, characterized in that:

when the multichannel ballast blowing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 is used for blowing ballast to a strip-shaped sleeper: in the step 2, moving each group of ballast blowing pipes to the corresponding ballast blowing positions of the sleepers respectively, so that the two ballast blowing pipes in each group are positioned on the inner side and the outer side of the track and the front side and the rear side of the strip-shaped sleepers respectively; in step 4, the predetermined rotation process is: the ballast blowing pipes positioned on the outer side of the track are sequentially blown and filled in a plurality of blowing and filling directions divided into a fan-shaped area from the outermost end of the sleeper to the track according to the ballast irradiating direction, and the ballast blowing pipes positioned on the inner side of the track are sequentially blown and filled in a plurality of blowing and filling directions divided into a fan-shaped area from the track to the center of the sleeper according to the ballast irradiating direction; and the two groups of ballast blowing pipes divide one strip sleeper into four areas to carry out hydraulic filling simultaneously.

10. The sleeper ballast blowing method according to claim 8, characterized in that:

when the multi-channel ballast blowing device of claim 6 or 7 is used for blowing ballast to the X-shaped sleeper: in the step 2, each group of ballast blowing pipes are respectively moved to the ballast blowing positions corresponding to the sleepers, so that four ballast blowing pipes are respectively positioned at four triangular areas defined by the inner ends and the outer ends of two adjacent X-shaped sleepers and the inner sides and the outer sides of the tracks; in step 4, the predetermined rotation process is: the ballast blowing pipe located in the triangular area outside the track divides a fan-shaped area, which is surrounded by the outer end of one sleeper located outside the track to the outer end of the other sleeper located outside the track, into a plurality of outer side hydraulic reclamation directions for hydraulic reclamation in sequence, and the ballast blowing pipe located in the triangular area inside the track divides the fan-shaped area, which is surrounded by the area of the sleeper located inside the track, into a plurality of inner side hydraulic reclamation directions for hydraulic reclamation in sequence.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway maintenance, and particularly relates to a multi-channel ballast blowing device and method.

Background

After a railway runs for a period of time, the track bed of the railway needs to be maintained, and the most common maintenance modes comprise track bed tamping, ballast cleaning and the like. The tamping operation is the most common, but the tamping operation has more and more obvious memory effect and is difficult to be radically cured. The fundamental reason of the memory effect is that the railway ballast is crushed into powder in the railway ballast tamping process, and additional railway ballast cannot be introduced for compensation in the tamping operation, so that the railway bed is difficult to recover to the position before maintenance under the action of repeated train load and tamping operation.

Early researchers found that laying an additional layer of ballast material on the bottom of the sleeper can keep the geometric shape and position of the track for a longer time. Practical research proves that: the railway ballast is stressed and crushed mainly under the contact of the sleeper, and the larger the railway ballast particles below the sleeper are, the more easily the railway ballast is crushed and pulverized. Therefore, the inventor proposes a maintenance concept and a maintenance method of blowing ballast into the bottom of the sleeper by using air, namely an aerodynamic stone-blasting method. The principle of the method is that a certain amount of broken stones are blown into the lower part of a raised sleeper by using aerodynamic force, the raised amount of the sleeper and the broken stone blowing-in amount can be calculated according to the preset track line shape, meanwhile, railway ballasts around the sleeper are kept undisturbed, and a certain amount of broken stones (with hard texture and small particle size) are filled into the lower part of the sleeper, so that the railway ballasts are prevented from being damaged and disturbed by tamping operation, and the memory effect of a railway bed is fundamentally eliminated.

The research shows that the ballast blowing has better maintenance effect on the track bed than tamping, and can effectively eliminate the memory effect of the track bed. At present, tamping equipment applied to a railway is more widely applied, relevant ballast blowing equipment on the market is few, effective ballast blowing equipment aiming at X-shaped sleepers is not available at home and abroad, the problems that the ballast blowing equipment cannot be blown into the railway, pipes are blocked, a large amount of unfilled areas exist at the bottom of the sleeper with insufficient actual filling amount and the like easily occur in the ballast blowing operation process, and the cost is too high due to the fact that the ballast blowing operation efficiency is far lower than that of tamping operation, so although the ballast blowing maintenance effect is better than that of tamping in theory, the problems existing in the actual ballast blowing operation process cause that the ballast blowing equipment cannot be widely used.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention is made to solve the above problems, and an object of the invention is to provide a multi-channel ballast blowing device and method, which can achieve high-efficiency ballast blowing.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:

< first apparatus >

The invention provides a multichannel ballast blowing device which is characterized by comprising the following components: a base portion, comprising: the connecting unit is provided with at least two rows of base connecting rods, two bases which can be movably and fixedly arranged on the connecting unit along the base connecting rods, are of a frame structure and respectively correspond to the left rail and the right rail of the track, and two wheel units which are symmetrically arranged and matched with the left rail and the right rail of the track are respectively arranged on the two bases; the two material collecting boxes correspond to the two bases respectively and are used for bearing and loading the to-be-supplemented ballast materials; the bottom of each material collecting box is provided with two material conveying ports which are arranged diagonally and respectively correspond to two sides of the single rail; the two mounting frames correspond to the two material collecting boxes respectively, and the two material collecting boxes are erected on the two bases respectively; the two groups of ballast blowing pipes are respectively connected with the two material collecting boxes; every group blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe and includes two tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipes, links to each other with two material conveying mouth of the case that gathers materials respectively, and every blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe and all includes: the feeding hole is communicated with the feeding hole, the main body section extends downwards, the air guide pipe is communicated with an air inlet positioned at the upper part of the feeding pipe, the outer sleeve which is rotatably sleeved outside the main body section of the feeding pipe and extends downwards and is provided with a ballast outlet communicated with the discharge hole of the feeding pipe on the side wall of the bottom part, and the rotating part which is connected with the outer sleeve and is used for adjusting the rotating angle of the outer sleeve so as to adjust the direction of the ballast outlet; and the two lifting mechanisms correspond to the two ballast blowing pipes respectively, so that the ballast blowing pipes are lowered to the ballast outlet to be aligned with the bottom of the sleeper or lifted to leave the sleeper.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further include: the ballast blowing position adjusting part is used for adjusting each group of ballast blowing pipes to enable the ballast blowing pipes to be positioned at the preset position of the sleeper; wherein, the base includes: two positioning transverse rods extending along the width direction of the track, two wheel transverse rods and two longitudinal rods fixedly connected with the four transverse rods; the feed inlet of the ballast blowing pipe is detachably and fixedly connected with the discharge outlet of the material collecting box; the ballast blowing position adjusting part comprises a moving groove which is arranged on each positioning transverse rod, extends along the length direction of the rod and enables the mounting rack to freely move to adjust the position so as to drive the material collecting box and the ballast blowing pipe to synchronously move, and a fixing part which fixes the mounting rack on the moving groove after the position is adjusted.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further have the following features: the bottom edge of the gas-guide tube is positioned at the upper edge of the ballast outlet; the outer sleeve is detachably connected with the material guide pipe, a pipe section of the outer sleeve, which is located below the ballast outlet, is of a solid structure, the upper surface of the solid pipe section, the discharge outlet and the ballast outlet form a side ballast outlet channel together, the outer surface of the solid pipe section is in an inverted cone shape (bullet-shaped solid structure), the top point of the cone is an arc angle, and the ballast blowing pipe can be better inserted into a ballast.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further have the following features: the rotating piece is a rotating rod extending outwards from the side wall of the outer sleeve or a rotating mechanism which is arranged between the outer sleeve and the material guide pipe and drives the outer sleeve to rotate around the material guide pipe by a corresponding angle after receiving a rotating signal.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further have the following features: the ballast blowing pipe also comprises: a buckle cylinder which is sleeved on the outside of the pipe wall of the upper part of the material guide pipe and the lower part of the air inlet and is internally provided with a buckle; the upper end of the outer sleeve is provided with an annular clamping groove matched with the buckle, the outer sleeve extends into the buckle cylinder along the material guide pipe, and the annular clamping groove is clamped with the buckle cylinder so as to connect the outer sleeve with the material guide pipe; the radian of the annular clamping groove corresponds to the rotating range of the outer sleeve.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further have the following features: the range that the rotation angle of outer tube can be adjusted to the rotating member is 0 ~ 270.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further include: the two driving mechanisms are respectively arranged on the two mounting frames, are connected with the corresponding lifting mechanisms and drive the lifting mechanisms to operate; and the two air supply units are respectively arranged on the two mounting frames and connected with the air inlets of the corresponding ballast blowing pipes to provide ballast blowing air flow.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further include: each group of outer sleeves comprise two outer sleeves with the same ballast outlet size; the sizes of the ballast outlets of the outer sleeves of different groups are different and correspond to ballast materials with different particle size grading.

< device II >

The invention also provides a multichannel ballast blowing device, which is characterized by comprising the following components: a base portion, comprising: the connecting unit is provided with at least two rows of base connecting rods, two bases which can be movably and fixedly arranged on the connecting unit along the base connecting rods, are of a frame structure and respectively correspond to the left rail and the right rail of the track, and two wheel units which are symmetrically arranged and matched with the left rail and the right rail of the track are respectively arranged on the two bases; and two ballast blowing mechanisms are respectively installed on the two bases, each ballast blowing mechanism comprises two ballast blowing units which are installed on the bases and can move relatively and be fixed, and each ballast blowing unit comprises: the material collecting box is used for bearing and loading the to-be-supplemented ballast materials; the mounting frame is used for erecting the material collecting box on the base; the ballast blowing pipe is correspondingly connected with a material conveying port of the material collecting box; the lifting mechanism enables the ballast blowing pipe to be lowered to the ballast outlet to be aligned with the bottom of the sleeper or enables the ballast blowing pipe to rise and leave the sleeper; each blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe and all includes: the feeding hole is communicated with the feeding hole, the guide pipe extends downwards from the main body section, the air guide pipe is communicated with the air inlet positioned at the upper part of the guide pipe, the outer sleeve which is rotatably sleeved outside the main body section of the guide pipe and extends downwards and is provided with a ballast outlet communicated with the discharge hole of the guide pipe on the side wall of the bottom part, and the rotating piece which is connected with the outer sleeve and adjusts the rotating angle of the outer sleeve so as to adjust the direction of the ballast outlet.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further include: the ballast blowing position adjusting part is used for adjusting each ballast blowing pipe to be at a preset ballast blowing position; wherein, the base includes: the device comprises a plurality of transverse mounting rods, a plurality of longitudinal mounting rods and a plurality of transverse mounting rods, wherein the transverse mounting rods extend along the width direction of a track and divide a base into a plurality of rows of ballast blowing unit mounting positions in the length direction of the track, and the longitudinal mounting rods extend along the length direction of the track and divide the base into a plurality of rows of ballast blowing unit mounting positions in the width direction of the track; each row or each column of mounting positions corresponds to two transverse or longitudinal mounting rods, the two transverse or longitudinal mounting rods are used for mounting a mounting frame, and after mounting, the two ballast blowing pipes of each ballast blowing unit are located at a preset ballast blowing position; the track matching adjusting part comprises a moving groove which is arranged on the transverse mounting rod and the longitudinal mounting rod, extends along the length direction of the rods, and enables the mounting rack to freely move and adjust the position, so that the distance and the position of all ballast blowing pipes are matched with the size and the shape of the track and the sleeper, and a fixing part which fixes the mounting rack on the moving groove after the position is adjusted.

< method >

Further, the invention also provides a ballast blowing method for the sleeper, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the ballast blowing method is characterized in that the ballast blowing device with multiple channels described in the first device or the second device is adopted for blowing ballast, and comprises the following steps:

step 1, moving a left base and a right base along a base connecting rod according to the width of a track to enable a left wheel unit and a right wheel unit to correspond to the tracks on two sides, and enabling a multichannel ballast blowing device to be erected on the track through the left wheel unit and the right wheel unit and to move along the track;

step 2, moving the two ballast blowing pipes to the ballast blowing positions corresponding to the sleepers respectively by adjusting the positions of the base on the track and the positions of the mounting frames on the base;

step 3, for each ballast blowing pipe, enabling the ballast blowing pipe to descend into the track bed through a lifting mechanism, and aligning a ballast outlet to a to-be-supplemented ballast area at the bottom of the sleeper after being lifted by external equipment;

step 4, opening discharge ports of the aggregate boxes, allowing ballast materials to enter a ballast blowing pipe, and blowing the ballast materials to a to-be-supplemented ballast area from ballast outlet ports under the action of air flow introduced by an air duct; according to the preset rotation process, the hydraulic filling time and the airflow speed, the direction of the ballast outlet is adjusted through the rotating piece, so that the ballast outlet is subjected to hydraulic filling in the preset direction for a certain time and under the airflow, and then the ballast outlet is rotated to the next direction for hydraulic filling until ballast materials are fully filled in all directions of a ballast area to be filled;

step 5, after the ballast blowing position is subjected to blowing filling, closing the discharge hole and the air guide port; and then repeating the steps 1 to 4 to carry out hydraulic filling on the next ballast blowing position.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further have the following features: when the ballast is blown to the strip-shaped sleeper by the multichannel ballast blowing device described in any one of the following devices: in the step 2, moving each group of ballast blowing pipes to the corresponding ballast blowing positions of the sleepers respectively, so that the two ballast blowing pipes in each group are positioned on the inner side and the outer side of the track and the front side and the rear side of the strip-shaped sleepers respectively; in step 4, the predetermined rotation process is: the ballast blowing pipes positioned on the outer side of the track are sequentially blown and filled in a plurality of blowing and filling directions divided into a fan-shaped area from the outermost end of the sleeper to the track according to the ballast irradiating direction, and the ballast blowing pipes positioned on the inner side of the track are sequentially blown and filled in a plurality of blowing and filling directions divided into a fan-shaped area from the track to the center of the sleeper according to the ballast irradiating direction; and the two groups of ballast blowing pipes divide one strip sleeper into four areas to carry out hydraulic filling simultaneously.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further have the following features: when the multichannel ballast blowing device described in any one of the devices II is adopted to blow ballast to the X-shaped track sleeper: in the step 2, each group of ballast blowing pipes are respectively moved to the ballast blowing positions corresponding to the sleepers, so that four ballast blowing pipes are respectively positioned at four triangular areas defined by the inner ends and the outer ends of two adjacent X-shaped sleepers and the inner sides and the outer sides of the tracks; in step 4, the predetermined rotation process is: the ballast blowing pipe located in the triangular area outside the track divides a fan-shaped area, which is surrounded by the outer end of one sleeper located outside the track to the outer end of the other sleeper located outside the track, into a plurality of outer side hydraulic reclamation directions for hydraulic reclamation in sequence, and the ballast blowing pipe located in the triangular area inside the track divides the fan-shaped area, which is surrounded by the area of the sleeper located inside the track, into a plurality of inner side hydraulic reclamation directions for hydraulic reclamation in sequence.

Preferably, the multi-channel ballast blowing device according to the present invention may further have the following features: the preset rotation process, the hydraulic filling time and the air flow speed are determined according to tests, the aim is to enable ballast materials to be fully filled in all directions of a ballast area to be filled, parameters such as the rotation process, the hydraulic filling time and the air flow speed are reasonably determined through the tests, and the efficiency is higher and the effect is better during actual ballast blowing operation.

Action and Effect of the invention

According to the multichannel ballast blowing device and the multichannel ballast blowing method provided by the invention, four ballast blowing pipes are moved to the ballast blowing positions corresponding to sleepers by adjusting the positions of the bases on the track and the positions of the mounting frames on the bases, then the ballast blowing pipes are lowered into a track bed through the lifting mechanism, the ballast outlet ports are aligned to the ballast area to be replenished positioned at the bottom of the sleepers after being lifted by external equipment, then the discharge ports of the collecting boxes are opened, ballast enters the ballast blowing pipes, ballast is blown to the ballast area to be replenished from the ballast outlet ports arranged on the side walls of the pipes under the action of air flow introduced by the air duct, the direction of the ballast outlet ports is adjusted through the rotating piece, the ballast outlet ports are blown and refilled in the preset direction, then the ballast outlet ports are rotated to the next direction through the rotating piece, so that the ballast area to be replenished can be fully blown and refilled in all directions, the ballast area to be replenished can be fully blown and refilled through a simple rotating and adjusting angle, the hydraulic reclamation efficiency is fully improved, the hydraulic reclamation effect and quality are practically improved, and the sleeper is effectively maintained. The equal two opposite angles in case bottom of gathering together are equipped with the material conveying mouth and also are in the opposite angle setting with two tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipes to can correspond respectively (crossing) with the inboard and outboard of track and the front and back side of sleeper, can make and blow the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. scope bigger, the operating efficiency is higher, and the sleeper bottom is filled more evenly. In addition, adopt four to blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. units and adjust the position respectively, not only can be applicable to the high efficiency of bar sleeper and blow tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. operation, can also be applicable to new-type dysmorphism sleepers such as X type sleeper, but also can be according to the corresponding relative distance position of every tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. unit of blowing of adjusting of different sleepers and single track size, consequently application scope is wider, blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. position and can adjust more in a flexible way moreover to can further improve hydraulic reclamation efficiency, effect and quality, the sleeper is maintained the effect better.

In addition, the outer sleeve is rotated through the rotating piece, and the bottom of the outer sleeve is of a solid structure and can play a role in preventing pipe blockage. In addition, even under extreme conditions, the outer sleeve and the guide pipe are detachably connected, so that the outer sleeve can be detached to quickly dredge, and normal operation is recovered.

In addition, the outer sleeve with the proper size of the ballast outlet is selected according to the grading of the ballast grain size of the ballast, so that the pipe blockage phenomenon in the ballast blowing process can be further avoided, and the efficiency of ballast blowing operation is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a multi-channel ballast blowing device erected on a slab sleeper track according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a top view of a multi-channel ballast blowing device erected on a slab sleeper track according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a perspective view of a multi-channel ballast blowing device according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a perspective view of a half-side structure of a multi-channel ballast blowing device according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 is a side view of a half structure of a multi-channel ballast blowing device according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a material conveying port and a switch mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a ballast blowing pipe according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a set of ballast blowing pipes according to an embodiment of the present invention performing ballast blowing and filling (ballast blowing) at a predetermined ballast blowing position;

fig. 9 is a schematic operation diagram of ballast hydraulic filling of a strip-type sleeper according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a perspective view of the multi-channel ballast blowing device erected on a slab sleeper track according to the second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 11 is a perspective view of a multi-channel ballast blowing device erected on an X-type sleeper track according to a second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 12 is a top view of the multi-channel ballast blowing device erected on a slab sleeper track according to the second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 13 is a top view of the multi-channel ballast blowing device erected on an X-shaped sleeper track according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a perspective view of a multi-channel ballast blowing device according to a second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 15 is a perspective view of a half-side structure of a multi-channel ballast blowing device according to a second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 16 is a side view of a half structure of a multi-channel ballast blowing device according to a second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 17 is a schematic view of an adjustment position of a ballast blowing pipe on a single base according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating ballast hydraulic filling operation performed on a strip-shaped sleeper according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 19 is a simplified diagram of ballast hydraulic filling of an X-type sleeper according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

in fig. 9, 18, and 19, two ballast blowing operations are performed correspondingly (after the first ballast blowing operation is completed, the multi-channel ballast blowing device advances to the next ballast blowing position to perform the second ballast blowing operation), four square frames indicate the first ballast blowing operation area, and four round-angle frames indicate the second ballast blowing operation area.

Detailed Description

The multi-channel ballast blowing device and the method related to the invention are explained in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

< example one >

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the multichannel ballast blowing device 10 includes a base portion 20, two material collecting boxes 30, two mounting frames 40, two sets of ballast blowing pipes 50, two lifting mechanisms 60, a ballast blowing position adjusting portion 70, two air supply units 80, and two drive controllers 90.

The base unit 20 includes a connection unit 21, two bases 22, and two wheel units 23. As shown in fig. 2, the connection unit 21 includes four rows of connection rods 21 a. The two bases 22 are of a frame structure, are mounted on the connecting unit 21, and can move and be positioned along the connecting rod 21a, and the two bases 22 correspond to the left rail and the right rail of the track T respectively; as shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, each base 22 includes two transverse mounting rods 22a arranged in two middle rows, two wheel transverse rods 22b arranged in the foremost row and the rearmost row, and two longitudinal rods 22c fixedly connected to the four transverse rods, the four transverse rods all extend along the width direction of the track T, and the two longitudinal rods 22c are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the four transverse rods and extend along the length direction of the track T, and are fixedly connected to two ends of the four transverse rods respectively. Two wheel units 23 are respectively installed on two bases 22, and the symmetry sets up, respectively with track T left and right sides rail phase-match, in this embodiment, every wheel unit 23 includes two wheels, and the symmetry is installed in the centre of two round transverse rod 22 b. The adjustment of the distance between the left and right wheel units 23 can be achieved by adjusting the left and right bases 22 along the connecting rod 21a, thereby adapting to rails T of different gauges.

The two material collecting boxes 30 correspond to the two bases 22 respectively and are used for bearing and loading the ballast materials to be supplemented. Each material collecting box 30 has a certain capacity, the cross section of each material collecting box is square, the side wall of each material collecting box is inclined inwards, and the whole material collecting box is in an inverted quadrangular frustum pyramid shape, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the bottom of each material collecting box 30 is provided with two material conveying ports 31 which are arranged diagonally and respectively correspond to the inner side and the outer side of a single rail and the front side and the rear side of a sleeper S, for example, one material collecting box corresponds to the rear side of the sleeper S at the outer side of the single rail, and the other material collecting box corresponds to the front side of the sleeper S at the inner side of the single rail. As shown in fig. 6, the opening and closing mechanism 32 is provided at each of the material conveying ports 31, and the opening and closing of the material conveying ports 31 can be adjusted by moving the opening and closing plate 32a, so as to control the dropping speed (dropping amount per unit time) of the ballast.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the two mounting frames 40 correspond to the two material collecting boxes 30, respectively, and the two material collecting boxes 30 are mounted on the two bases 22. The mounting frame 40 includes four columns 41, reaction beams 42 fixed to the top ends of the four columns 41, and a mounting plate 43 movably mounted on the lower portion of the columns 41. Four posts 41 form the four edges of the rectangular parallelepiped region and are mounted at their bottom ends on two transverse mounting bars 22 a. The mounting plate 43 is connected to the four columns 41 via slide cylinders 43a provided at four corners, and is movable up and down along the columns 41.

Two sets of ballast pipes 50 that blow pass two mounting panels 43 respectively and link to each other with two discharge gates 31 of collecting box 30, and every group includes two ballast pipes 50 that blow, corresponds with two material transmission mouths of collecting box 30 respectively and links to each other, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, when blowing the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. operation, one blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe 50 and is located the single track outside, sleeper S rear side, and another blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe 50 and is located single track inboard, sleeper S front side.

As shown in fig. 7, each ballast blowing tube 50 includes a material guiding tube 51, an air guiding tube 52, an outer sleeve 53, a rotating member 54, and a fastening cylinder 55.

The feed inlet 511 at the top of the material guide pipe 51 is detachably and fixedly connected with the material conveying port 31 of the material collecting box 30, and the main body section vertically extends downwards. The cross section of the feed inlet 511 is a reversed trapezoid with a large upper part and a small lower part.

The gas guide tube 52 is communicated with a gas inlet 512 provided at an upper side wall of the guide tube 51. The included angle between the gas-guide tube 52 and the material guide tube 51 is 45-60 degrees.

The diameter of the outer sleeve 53 is slightly larger than that of the main body section of the air duct 52, the outer sleeve is rotatably sleeved outside the main body section of the material guide pipe 51 and extends downwards, and a ballast outlet 531 communicated with the material outlet 31 of the material guide pipe 51 is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the outer sleeve; in the embodiment, the outer sleeve 53 is detachably connected with the material guide pipe 51 in a sleeved manner, the bottom outlet of the gas guide pipe 52 is positioned at the upper edge of the ballast outlet 531 after the sleeved connection, the pipe section 532 of the outer sleeve 53 positioned below the ballast outlet 531 is of a solid structure, the upper surface of the solid pipe section 532 is in arc transition and forms a side ballast outlet channel together with the material outlet 31 and the ballast outlet 531, the outer surface of the solid pipe section 532 is in a reverse cone shape, the vertex of the cone is an arc angle, the structure is favorable for downward insertion and avoiding the damage of the pipe bottom caused by ballast blowing, and in addition, the side blowing mode of the ballast outlet 531 is also favorable for effectively blowing ballast to a larger-range ballast area to be supplemented; the upper part of the outer sleeve 53 is provided with an annular clamping groove 533 arranged along the circumferential direction, and a guide groove 534 extending upwards from the upper edge of the annular clamping groove 533 to the upper edge of the outer sleeve 53; the diameter of the ballast outlet 531 is about 50 mm.

As shown in fig. 7, the rotating member 54 is connected to the outer sleeve 53, and is used for adjusting the rotation angle of the outer sleeve 53 so as to adjust the spraying direction of the ballast outlet 531; in this embodiment, the rotating member 54 is a rotating rod extending outward from the sidewall of the outer sleeve 53, and can adjust the rotating angle of the outer sleeve 53 within a range of 0 to 270 °.

The outer sleeve 53 is connected with the sleeve through a buckle and can rotate within a certain range, the outer sleeve 53 is driven to rotate through the rotating handle, and the direction of the ballast outlet 531 is controlled to regulate and control the ballast blowing direction, so that the filling range of the ballast at the bottom of the X-shaped sleeper is better expanded, and dotted arrows in figure 9 indicate that the filling range is the ballast blowing direction.

The buckle cylinder 55 is sleeved on the material guide pipe 51 and outside the pipe wall below the air inlet 512, the outer side of the buckle cylinder is detachably connected with the mounting plate 43, and a buckle matched with the annular clamping groove 533 and the guide groove 534 is arranged in the buckle cylinder; when the outer sleeve 53 extends into the buckle cylinder 55 along the material guiding pipe, the buckle enters the annular clamping groove 533 through the guide groove 534, and the buckle is clamped with the annular clamping groove 533 to realize the connection between the outer sleeve 53 and the material guiding pipe 51; when the outer sleeve 53 is rotated by the rotating member 54, the buckle rotates along the annular clamping groove 533, the radian of the annular clamping groove 533 corresponds to the rotation range of the outer sleeve 53, and the radian of the annular clamping groove 533 in this embodiment is 270 °.

The two lifting mechanisms 60 respectively correspond to the two groups of ballast blowing pipes 50, so that the ballast blowing pipes 50 are lowered to the ballast outlet 531 to be aligned with the bottom of the sleeper or the ballast blowing pipes 50 are lifted to leave the sleeper. The two lifting mechanisms 60 are respectively installed on the two installation frames 40, the upper end of each lifting mechanism 60 is connected with the reaction beam 42, the lower end of each lifting mechanism 60 is connected with the installation plate 43, and under the driving of the lifting mechanisms 60, the installation plate 43 is lifted along the upright post 41 through the slide cylinders arranged at the four corners, and meanwhile, the material collecting box 30 and the ballast blowing pipe 50 are driven to ascend and descend. In this embodiment, two hydraulic lifting columns symmetrically disposed are used as the lifting mechanism 60.

The ballast blowing position adjusting part 70 adjusts each group of ballast blowing pipes 50 to be at the preset position of the sleeper S, and comprises a moving groove 71 and a fixing part. The moving groove 71 is arranged on each transverse mounting rod 22a, extends along the length direction of the rod, and is matched with the upright column 41 of the mounting frame 40, so that the upright column 41 can freely move along the moving groove to adjust the position, and the aggregate box 30 and each group of ballast blowing pipes 50 are driven to synchronously move to adjust the position. After the position of the fixing member is adjusted, the bottom end of the upright 41 is fixedly installed in the moving groove 71, and the fixing member used in this embodiment is a nut and a bolt.

The two air supply units 80 are respectively mounted on the two mounting plates 43, are connected with the air inlets 512 of the two groups of ballast blowing pipes 50, and provide a predetermined flow rate of ballast blowing air flow, and in the embodiment, the air supply units 80 send external air into the air inlets 512.

Two drive controllers 90 are mounted on the two mounting plates 43, respectively, each controller 90 including an integrated driver 91 and a plurality of control switches 92. The integrated driver 91 powers the lifting mechanism 60 through hydraulic hoses and powers the air supply unit 80. The control switches 92 are used to control the operations of the switching mechanism 32, the lifting mechanism 60, and the air supply unit 80, respectively. In this embodiment, integrated driver 91 is located the case 30 below that gathers materials, and integrated driver 91 and the upper portion of air feed unit 80 support the case 30 that gathers materials, thereby integrated driver 91 and air feed unit 80 during operation produce the vibration can also transmit and get into the case 30 that gathers materials and make the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. more easily get into the material conveying mouth and fall down simultaneously.

In the structure, the base 22, the wheel units 23, the aggregate box 30, the mounting rack 40, the two ballast blowing pipes 50, the lifting mechanism 60, the ballast blowing position adjusting part 70 corresponding to the base 22 on the same side, the air supply unit 80 and the two driving controllers 90 jointly form a ballast blowing unit, the multichannel ballast blowing device 10 comprises two ballast blowing units which respectively correspond to the sleepers S below the two single rails, and ballast blowing and filling can be simultaneously performed on the ballast area to be supplemented at the bottoms of the sleepers S from the ballast blowing positions of the two single rail sides.

< example two >

In the second embodiment, only the structure different from the first embodiment will be described, and the same reference numerals are used for the same structure as the first embodiment, and the same description will be omitted.

As shown in fig. 10 to 17, in the second embodiment, the multi-channel ballast blowing device 100 includes a base portion 200, four material collecting boxes 300, four mounting frames 40, four ballast blowing pipes 50, four lifting mechanisms 60, a ballast blowing position adjusting portion 700, four air supply units 80, and four driving controllers 90. The four ballast blowing units are formed by the four aggregate boxes 300, the four mounting frames 40, the four ballast blowing pipes 50, the four lifting mechanisms 60, the four gas supply units 80 and the four driving controllers 90, and each ballast blowing unit comprises one aggregate box 300, one mounting frame 40, one ballast blowing pipe 50, one lifting mechanism 60, one gas supply unit 80 and one driving controller 90; the four ballast blowing units are equally divided into two groups, each group of two ballast blowing units form ballast blowing mechanisms, and the two ballast blowing mechanisms are respectively installed on the left base 222 and the right base 222 of the base part 200.

In the present embodiment, the base portion 200 includes the connection unit 21, two bases 222, and two wheel units 23. The two bases 222 correspond to the left and right rails of the track T, respectively; in this embodiment, each base 222 includes four transverse mounting bars 22a disposed in the central region, two wheel transverse bars 22b disposed in the foremost and rearmost rows, eight longitudinal mounting bars 222c connected to the transverse bars, and two side frame bars 222d disposed on the outermost sides. The four transverse mounting rods 22a extend along the width direction of the track T and divide the base 222 into a plurality of rows of ballast blowing member mounting positions in the length direction of the track T. The eight longitudinal mounting rods 222c extend along the length direction of the track T, and divide the base 222 into a plurality of rows of ballast blowing member mounting positions in the width direction of the track T. The two side frame rods connect the four transverse mounting rods 22a and the two wheel transverse rods 22b into a whole from both sides. The two wheel units 23 are respectively mounted on the two bases 222. The adjustment of the distance between the left and right wheel units 23 can be achieved by adjusting the bases 222 on the left and right sides along the connecting rod 21a, thereby adapting to the rails T of different gauges.

The two material collecting boxes 300 correspond to the two bases 222 respectively and are used for bearing and loading the ballast materials to be supplemented. Each material collecting box 30 has a certain capacity, the cross section is square, the side wall is inclined inwards, the whole body is in an inverted quadrangular frustum pyramid shape, and the bottom is provided with a material conveying port 31. The material delivery port 31 is provided with a switch mechanism 32.

The ballast blowing position adjusting part 700 adjusts the ballast blowing pipe 50 of each ballast blowing unit to be located at the preset position of the sleeper S, and comprises a moving groove 71 and a fixing part. The moving slot 71 is disposed on each of the transverse mounting rod 22a and the longitudinal mounting rod 222c, extends along the length direction of the rods, and matches with the vertical column 41 of the mounting frame 40, as shown in fig. 7, so that the vertical column 41 can freely move along the adjusting position (the arrow in fig. 7 indicates the movable direction of the vertical column 41) to drive the material collecting box 30 and each group of ballast blowing pipes 50 to synchronously move the adjusting position. After the position of the fixing member is adjusted, the bottom end of the upright 41 is fixedly installed in the moving groove 71, and the fixing member used in this embodiment is a nut and a bolt. Adjust 50 positions of blowing tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. pipe through blowing tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. position control portion 700, not only can be applicable to the high-efficient tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. operation of blowing of bar sleeper, can also be applicable to for example new-type dysmorphism sleepers such as X type sleeper, but also can be according to the corresponding relative distance position of adjusting every tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. unit of blowing of different sleepers and single track size, consequently application scope is wider, blows tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. position and can adjust more in a flexible way moreover to can further improve blow and fill efficiency, effect and quality.

The ballast blowing is performed by using the multi-channel ballast blowing device 100 described in the first or second embodiment, and the specific steps are as follows:

step 1, moving the left base and the right base along the connecting rod 21a according to the width of the track, so that the left wheel unit 23 and the right wheel unit 23 correspond to the tracks on two sides, and erecting the multichannel ballast blowing device 10 on the track T through the left wheel unit 23 and the right wheel unit 23 and moving along the track T.

And 2, respectively moving the two ballast blowing pipes 50 to the ballast blowing positions corresponding to the sleepers S by adjusting the positions of the base 22/222 on the track T and the positions of the mounting rack 40 on the base 22/222.

And 3, for each ballast blowing pipe 50, downwards inserting the ballast blowing pipe 50 into the track bed through the lifting mechanism 60, and aligning the ballast outlet 531 with a to-be-compensated ballast area located at the bottom of the sleeper S after being lifted by external equipment (the sleeper is generally lifted by 50mm during operation).

Step 4, operating the driving controller 90, opening the discharge port 31 of each material collecting box 30/300, allowing the ballast materials to enter the ballast blowing pipe 50 under the action of gravity and vibration, and blowing the ballast materials from the ballast discharge port 531 to a ballast area to be supplemented at a high speed under the action of high-speed airflow of the air duct 52; according to a preset rotation flow, a filling time and an air flow speed, as shown in fig. 9 or 10 (a dotted arrow indicates a ballast blowing direction), the direction of the ballast outlet 531 is adjusted by the rotating member 54, so that the ballast outlet 531 performs filling for a certain time in a preset direction (indicated by a dotted arrow), and then is rotated to the next direction (indicated by a next dotted arrow) for filling until ballast to be filled in all directions (indicated by all dotted arrows in the figure) of the ballast area to be filled with ballast.

Step 5, after the ballast blowing position is filled, closing the discharge hole 31 and the air guide port; and then repeating the steps 1 to 4 to carry out hydraulic filling on the next ballast blowing position.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, when the multichannel ballast blowing device 10 described in the first embodiment is used to perform ballast blowing operation on a strip-shaped sleeper S, ballast blowing positions (positions indicated by circles in the drawing) of each group of ballast blowing pipes 50 are selected such that one ballast blowing pipe 50 is located on the outer side of the monorail and on the rear side of the sleeper S, and the other ballast blowing pipe 50 is located at a position right inside the monorail and on the front side of the sleeper S. The predetermined spin flow is: the ballast blowing pipe 50 located on the outer side of the track T carries out blowing and filling in sequence at corresponding air flow speed and time respectively according to a plurality of blowing and filling directions divided by a fan-shaped area from the outermost end of the sleeper S to the track T in the direction of the ballast outlet 531, and the ballast blowing pipe 50 located on the inner side of the track T carries out blowing and filling in sequence at corresponding air flow speed and time respectively according to a plurality of blowing and filling directions divided by a fan-shaped area from the track T to the center of the sleeper S in the direction of the ballast outlet 531; the two groups of ballast blowing pipes 50 divide one strip-shaped sleeper into four areas to carry out hydraulic filling simultaneously. In the ballast blowing operation process, similarly, for a ballast region to be compensated which is located at a far distance from the ballast blowing position, a higher speed ballast blowing airflow and a longer ballast blowing time can be adopted.

As shown in fig. 18, when the multichannel ballast blowing device 100 described in the second embodiment is used to perform ballast blowing operation on a strip-shaped sleeper S, ballast blowing positions (positions indicated by circles in the drawing) of four ballast blowing pipes 50 are selected as two ballast blowing pipes 50 corresponding to the same base 222, one ballast blowing pipe 50 is located on the outer side of the monorail, on the rear side of the sleeper S and near the track T, and the other ballast blowing pipe 50 is located on the inner side of the monorail, on the front side of the sleeper S and at a position where the distance from the outer side of the monorail to the center of the sleeper is substantially equal. The predetermined spin flow is: the ballast blowing pipe 50 located on the outer side of the track T carries out blowing and filling in sequence at corresponding air flow speed and time respectively according to a plurality of blowing and filling directions divided by a fan-shaped area from the outermost end of the sleeper S to the track T in the direction of the ballast outlet 531, and the ballast blowing pipe 50 located on the inner side of the track T carries out blowing and filling in sequence at corresponding air flow speed and time respectively according to a plurality of blowing and filling directions divided by a fan-shaped area from the track T to the center of the sleeper S in the direction of the ballast outlet 531; the two groups of ballast blowing pipes 50 divide one strip-shaped sleeper into four areas to carry out hydraulic filling simultaneously. In the ballast blowing operation process, similarly, for a ballast region to be compensated which is located at a far distance from the ballast blowing position, a higher speed ballast blowing airflow and a longer ballast blowing time can be adopted.

As shown in fig. 19, when the multi-channel ballast blowing device 100 described in the second embodiment is used for X-type sleepers (the detailed structure is shown in the utility model patent CN201920164115.2), the ballast blowing position (the position shown by the circle in the figure) is selected such that four ballast blowing pipes 50 are respectively located at four triangular regions surrounded by the inner ends and the outer ends of two adjacent X-type sleepers S and the inner sides and the outer sides of the track, and the predetermined rotation flow is: the ballast blowing pipe 50 located in the triangular area outside the track T divides a sector area defined by the outer end of one sleeper S located outside the track to the outer end of the other sleeper S located outside the track into a plurality of outer side hydraulic reclamation directions for hydraulic reclamation in sequence, and the ballast blowing pipe 50 located in the triangular area inside the track divides a sector area defined by the inner area of the track T located in the sleeper S into a plurality of inner side hydraulic reclamation directions for hydraulic reclamation in sequence. In the ballast blowing operation process, a ballast blowing airflow with higher speed and longer ballast blowing time can be adopted for a ballast region to be compensated (such as an S center region of an X-shaped sleeper) which is located at a position far away from the ballast blowing position.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention. The multi-channel ballast blowing device and the method are not limited to the structures described in the above embodiments, but are subject to the scope defined by the claims. Any modification, or addition, or equivalent replacement by a person skilled in the art on the basis of this embodiment is within the scope of the invention as claimed.