阅读说明：本技术 一种高风压潜孔冲击器 (High wind pressure down-the-hole impacter ) 是由 余永高 李雪龙 夏剑辉 吴海林 于 2020-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高风压潜孔冲击器,包括外套管,外套管内设有第一接头、进气逆止换向机构、与外套管的内壁配合安装的气缸、与外套管的下端固定连接的第二接头以及设于第二接头内并与第二接头滑动连接的钻头,气缸内设有与气缸滑动连接的活塞；气缸上端配合有进气逆止换向机构并形成第二冲程气室,气缸下端配合有导向套并形成回程气室,气缸与外套管之间形成用于往回程气室输气的气道；第一接头上设有用于通高压气体的第一中心通孔,进气逆止换向机构包括阀座,阀座为阶梯轴,包括直径最大的第二轴体,第二轴体上呈圆周分布有若干通气缺口,通气缺口一端与第一中心通孔相通并且另一端与气道相通；从而改变了高压气体的进气方式。(The invention discloses a high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor, which comprises an outer sleeve, wherein a first joint, an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism, an air cylinder, a second joint and a drill bit are arranged in the outer sleeve, the air cylinder is matched with the inner wall of the outer sleeve, the second joint is fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve, the drill bit is arranged in the second joint and is in sliding connection with the second joint, and a piston is arranged in the air cylinder and is in sliding connection with the air cylinder; the upper end of the cylinder is matched with an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism to form a second stroke air chamber, the lower end of the cylinder is matched with a guide sleeve to form a return air chamber, and an air passage for conveying air to the return air chamber is formed between the cylinder and the outer sleeve; the first joint is provided with a first central through hole for introducing high-pressure gas, the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism comprises a valve seat, the valve seat is a stepped shaft and comprises a second shaft body with the largest diameter, a plurality of air vents are circumferentially distributed on the second shaft body, one end of each air vent is communicated with the first central through hole, and the other end of each air vent is communicated with the air passage; thereby changing the air inlet mode of the high-pressure gas.)

1. A high wind pressure down-the-hole impacter comprises an outer sleeve (1), wherein a first joint (2) fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer sleeve (1), an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism hermetically connected with the first joint (2), an air cylinder (4) installed in cooperation with the inner wall of the outer sleeve (1), a second joint (5) fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve (1) and a drill bit arranged in the second joint (5) and slidably connected with the second joint (5) are sequentially arranged in the outer sleeve (1) from top to bottom, and a piston (6) slidably connected with the air cylinder (4) is arranged in the air cylinder (4); the upper end of the cylinder (4) is matched with an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism to form a second stroke air chamber, the lower end of the cylinder (4) is matched with a guide sleeve (7) to form a return air chamber, and an air passage for conveying air to the return air chamber is formed between the cylinder (4) and the outer sleeve (1); it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the high-pressure gas pipeline is characterized in that a first central through hole (21) used for allowing high-pressure gas to pass through is formed in the first joint (2), the gas inlet non-return reversing mechanism comprises a valve seat (31), the valve seat (31) is a stepped shaft and comprises a second shaft body (313) with the largest diameter, a plurality of ventilation notches (317) are circumferentially distributed on the second shaft body (313), one end of each ventilation notch (317) is communicated with the first central through hole (21), and the other end of each ventilation notch (317) is communicated with a gas channel.

2. A high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that said valve seat (31) further comprises a third shaft body (314), the diameter of said third shaft body (314) is smaller than the diameter of said second shaft body (313), said third shaft body (314) is connected to said second shaft body (313) and is located below said second shaft body (313), one end of said ventilation notch (317) is located on the upper end surface of said second shaft body (313), and the other end of said ventilation notch (317) is located on the side wall of said third shaft body (314) and is communicated with the air passage.

3. A high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor according to claim 1 characterised in that the bottom surface of the vent notch (317) is a flat or concave curved surface.

4. A high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor according to claim 1, characterised in that said valve seat (31) further comprises a first shaft body (312), said first shaft body (312) having a smaller diameter than a second shaft body (313), said first shaft body (312) being connected to the second shaft body (313) and being located above the second shaft body (313), said first shaft body (312) being frustoconical, the diameter of the first shaft body (312) increasing from top to bottom.

5. A high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1) is provided with a first large annular groove (11) and a second large annular groove (12) which are connected, the first large annular groove (11) is located above the second large annular groove (12), the radius of the first large annular groove (11) is larger than that of the second large annular groove (12),

the cylinder (4) comprises a first ring body, a second ring body and a third ring body with the diameters increasing continuously from top to bottom, the upper end surface of the first ring body is propped against the lower end surface of the third shaft body (314), the lower end surface of the third ring body is propped against the lower side surface of the second annular big groove (12),

the first ring body is in interference fit with the side wall of the third shaft body (314) or the third ring body is in interference fit with the second annular big groove (12).

6. A high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor according to claim 5, characterized in that the diameter of the first ring does not exceed the diameter of the third shaft body (314), and a first sealing ring is arranged between the first ring and the valve seat (31), and the first sealing ring is located at the intersection of the third shaft body (314) and the fourth shaft body (315).

7. The high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor as defined in claim 1, wherein the air inlet reverse stopping mechanism is sealed to the first central through hole (21) by a sealant (34) or a rigid ball (36).

8. A high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston (6) is a stepped shaft comprising a sixth shaft body (61), a seventh shaft body (62), an eighth shaft body (63) and a ninth shaft body (64) of different diameters from top to bottom, the diameters of the eighth shaft body (63), the sixth shaft body (61), the seventh shaft body (62) and the ninth shaft body (64) decrease in sequence, the sixth shaft body (61) is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the cylinder (4), and the ninth shaft body (64) is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the guide sleeve (7); the eighth shaft body (63) is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1),

a third annular large groove (13) is arranged on the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1), a fourth annular large groove (41) is arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder (4), when the side wall of the eighth shaft body (63) is in sliding fit with the inner side wall, which is positioned above the third annular large groove (13), in the outer sleeve (1) and the sixth shaft body (61) is positioned below the fourth annular large groove (41), the sixth shaft body (61), the seventh shaft body (62), the eighth shaft body (63), the inner side wall of the cylinder (4) and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1) are matched to form a first stroke air chamber of the piston (6), when the side wall of the sixth shaft body (61) is in sliding fit with the inner side wall, which is positioned above the fourth annular large groove (41), in the cylinder (4), the lower end face of the third shaft body (314) on the valve seat (31), the inner side wall of the cylinder (4) and the sixth shaft body (61) of the piston (6) are matched to form a second stroke air chamber, when the side wall of the eighth shaft body (63) is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1) below the third annular large groove (13), the eighth shaft body (63), the ninth shaft body (64), the guide sleeve (7) and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1) are matched to form a return air chamber of the piston (6).

9. A high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor according to claim 8, characterized in that the outer side wall of the piston (6) is provided with a plurality of parallel first small annular grooves (81), and the plurality of first small annular grooves (81) are respectively located on the lower half part of the ninth shaft body (64), the sixth shaft body (61) and the eighth shaft body (63).

10. The high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that a plurality of first notches (65) and second notches (66) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the eighth shaft body (63), and the first notches (65) are located at the connection positions of the side wall of the eighth shaft body (63) and the upper end surface of the eighth shaft body (63).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mine and tunnel engineering machinery, in particular to a high wind pressure down-the-hole hammer.

Background

In recent years, with the increasing investment on infrastructure and various mines in China, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is greatly valued in the technical field of rock crushing machinery by virtue of the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and maintenance, capability of effectively removing rock debris at the bottom of a well, no limitation of drilling depth, capability of reducing abrasion of a drilling tool and the like. With the rapid development of the drilling technology of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, the application field of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is continuously widened, and the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is gradually developed from initial blast hole construction to almost all drilling construction fields of hydrowell drilling, geological core exploration, reservoir dam foundation curtain grouting, engineering geological exploration, trenchless pipeline laying, building foundation, geotechnical engineering and the like.

The pneumatic down-the-hole hammer uses high-pressure air as a power source to drive a piston in the hammer to reciprocate at high speed and high frequency, so that the piston obtains enough energy to impact a drill bit to drill. The impact force acts on the drill bit in the form of stress waves, huge impact energy is generated within a very short time, rocks can be effectively crushed, holes can be formed quickly, and the purpose of drilling the rocks and the holes is achieved.

As mentioned in the article "high-pressure down-the-hole hammer structure principle and design" in the journal of "rock drilling machine pneumatic tool", the main part of the high-pressure gas enters the gap between the outer sleeve and the cylinder through the axial hole of the gas distribution seat and the gas inlet hole of the cylinder, wherein, in order to ensure the smoothness of the high-pressure gas movement, the gas inlet hole of the cylinder is an inclined hole, therefore, the existing rock drilling down-the-hole hammer has the following technical problems:

1) the air inlet hole of the air cylinder is difficult to process;

2) in order to ensure that the air cylinder is not broken in the machining process of the air inlet hole of the air cylinder, the air inlet hole part of the air cylinder needs to be thickened, and therefore cost is increased;

3) the length of the cylinder is increased due to the existence of the air inlet hole, and further the length of the whole down-the-hole hammer is increased, namely the cost is increased.

4) The air inlet hole in the air cylinder has certain influence on the strength of the whole structure of the air cylinder, so that the air cylinder is easy to break and is a vulnerable part in the operation process of the down-the-hole hammer.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a down-the-hole impactor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a down-the-hole impactor comprises an outer sleeve, wherein a first joint fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer sleeve, an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism hermetically connected with the first joint, an air cylinder matched and mounted with the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a second joint fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve and a drill bit arranged in the second joint and slidably connected with the second joint are sequentially arranged in the outer sleeve from top to bottom, and a piston slidably connected with the air cylinder is arranged in the air cylinder; the upper end of the cylinder is matched with an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism to form a second stroke air chamber, the lower end of the cylinder is matched with a guide sleeve to form a return air chamber, and an air passage for conveying air to the return air chamber is formed between the cylinder and the outer sleeve; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism comprises a valve seat, the valve seat is a stepped shaft and comprises a second shaft body with the largest diameter, a plurality of air vents are circumferentially distributed on the second shaft body, one end of each air vent is communicated with the first central through hole, and the other end of each air vent is communicated with an air passage.

Preferably, the valve seat further comprises a third shaft body, the diameter of the third shaft body is smaller than that of the second shaft body, the third shaft body is connected with the second shaft body and is located below the second shaft body, one end of the ventilation notch is located on the upper end face of the second shaft body, and the other end of the ventilation notch is located on the side wall of the third shaft body and is communicated with the air passage.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the vent notch is a flat surface or a concave curved surface.

Preferably, the valve seat further comprises a first shaft body, the diameter of the first shaft body is smaller than that of the second shaft body, the first shaft body is connected with the second shaft body and is located above the second shaft body, the first shaft body is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the first shaft body is continuously increased from top to bottom.

Preferably, the inner side wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a first annular big groove and a second annular big groove which are connected, the first annular big groove is positioned above the second annular big groove, the radius of the first annular big groove is larger than that of the second annular big groove,

the cylinder comprises a first ring body, a second ring body and a third ring body from top to bottom, the diameter of the first ring body is continuously increased, the upper end surface of the first ring body is propped against the lower end surface of the third shaft body, the lower end surface of the third ring body is propped against the lower side surface of the second large annular groove,

and the first ring body is in interference fit with the side wall of the third shaft body or the third ring body is in interference fit with the second annular big groove.

Preferably, the diameter of the first ring body is not more than that of the third shaft body, a first sealing ring is further arranged between the first ring body and the valve seat, and the first sealing ring is located at the junction of the third shaft body and the fourth shaft body.

Preferably, the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism adopts sealant or a rigid ball to complete the sealing of the first central through hole.

Preferably, the piston is a stepped shaft and comprises a sixth shaft body, a seventh shaft body, an eighth shaft body and a ninth shaft body which are different in diameter from top to bottom, the diameters of the eighth shaft body, the sixth shaft body, the seventh shaft body and the ninth shaft body are sequentially reduced, the sixth shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the cylinder, and the ninth shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the guide sleeve; the eighth shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve,

a third annular big groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the outer sleeve, a fourth annular big groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder, when the side wall of the eighth shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve above the third large annular groove and the sixth shaft body is below the fourth large annular groove, the sixth shaft body, the seventh shaft body, the eighth shaft body, the inner side wall of the cylinder and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve are matched to form a first stroke air chamber of the piston, when the side wall of the sixth shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the cylinder, which is positioned above the fourth annular large groove, the lower end surface of the third shaft body on the valve seat, the inner side wall of the cylinder and the sixth shaft body of the piston are matched to form a second stroke air chamber of the piston, when the side wall of the eighth shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve pipe below the third large annular groove, the inner side walls of the eighth shaft body, the ninth shaft body, the guide sleeve and the outer sleeve are matched to form a return air chamber of the piston.

Preferably, a plurality of parallel first small annular grooves are formed in the outer side wall of the piston, and the first small annular grooves are located on the lower half portion of the ninth shaft body, the sixth shaft body and the eighth shaft body respectively.

Preferably, a plurality of first notches and second notches are uniformly distributed on the eighth shaft body in the circumferential direction, and the first notches are located at the connecting position of the side wall of the eighth shaft body and the upper end face of the eighth shaft body. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the drill bit passes through the spline groove and is connected with the down-the-hole impacter, when the drill bit is in high-speed pivoted operating condition, the down-the-hole impacter makes the drill bit striking around through high-pressure gas, under this kind of operational environment, the temperature of spline groove can rise to the high temperature of several hundred degrees centigrade, and then easily break, and the ventilation hole is through utilizing the high-pressure gas in the down-the-hole impacter to form the effect of a ventilation hole, not only can effectively slow down the speed that the spline groove temperature rises, but also can reduce the range that the temperature of spline groove rises, and then prevent the spline groove part fracture of drill bit.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the gas inlet mode of high-pressure gas is changed, so that the high-pressure gas can move more smoothly in the down-the-hole impactor; secondly, the length of the cylinder is reduced, so that the length of the whole down-the-hole hammer is reduced, and the cost is saved; finally, in the original air inlet mode, high-pressure air enters the gap between the air cylinder and the outer sleeve from the inside of the air cylinder through the inclined hole in the upper part of the air cylinder, and the inclined hole in the upper part of the air cylinder can be omitted through the air inlet mode in the embodiment, so that the processing cost is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a medium and high wind pressure down-the-hole impactor in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve seat according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an outer sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a high and medium wind pressure down-the-hole impactor in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second plug according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1. an outer sleeve; 2. a first joint; 4. a cylinder; 5. a second joint; 6. a piston; 31. a valve seat; 32. a first plug body; 33. a first spring member; 34. sealing glue; 21. a first central through hole; 311. a second central through hole; 323. a helical groove; 11. a first large annular groove; 12. a second annular large groove; 312. a first shaft body; 313. a second shaft body; 314. a third shaft body; 315. a fourth shaft body; 316. a fifth shaft body; 61. a sixth shaft body; 62. a seventh shaft body; 63. an eighth shaft body; 64. A ninth shaft body; 13. a third annular large groove; 41. a fourth annular large groove; 65. a first notch; 66. a second notch; 67. A third notch; 81. a first small annular groove; 82. a second small annular groove; 83. a third small annular groove; 84. a fourth annular small groove; 14. a fifth annular large groove; 7. a guide sleeve; 317. a vent gap; 43. a third vent hole; 35. a second plug body; 351. a curved surface portion; 352. a planar portion; 36. a rigid sphere.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.