阅读说明：本技术 一种潜孔冲击器 (Down-the-hole hammer ) 是由 余永高 李雪龙 夏剑辉 吴海林 于 2020-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种潜孔冲击器,包括外套管,外套管内设有第一接头、与第一接头密封连接的进气逆止换向机构、与外套管的内壁配合安装的气缸、与外套管的下端固定连接的第二接头以及设于第二接头内并与第二接头滑动连接的钻头,气缸内设有与气缸滑动连接的活塞；进气逆止换向机构包括阀座、塞体、第一弹簧件和刚性球体,阀座固定安装在外套管内,塞体可上下滑动的安装在阀座上,第一弹簧件位于阀座和塞体之间,刚性球体可在塞体上滚动并在第一弹簧件的作用下,抵靠在第一接头的第一中心通孔上以封堵第一中心通孔；通过本技术方案避免了采用密封胶密封所具有的易脱胶以及易变形以及使用寿命短等问题,并具有密封效果好,使用寿命长等优点。(The invention discloses a down-the-hole impactor which comprises an outer sleeve, wherein a first joint, an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism hermetically connected with the first joint, an air cylinder installed in a matching manner with the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a second joint fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve and a drill bit arranged in the second joint and in sliding connection with the second joint are arranged in the outer sleeve, and a piston in sliding connection with the air cylinder is arranged in the air cylinder; the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism comprises a valve seat, a plug body, a first spring part and a rigid ball body, the valve seat is fixedly arranged in the outer sleeve, the plug body is arranged on the valve seat in a vertically sliding mode, the first spring part is located between the valve seat and the plug body, and the rigid ball body can roll on the plug body and is abutted against a first central through hole of the first joint under the action of the first spring part to block the first central through hole; through the technical scheme, the problems of easy degumming, easy deformation, short service life and the like of sealing by adopting the sealant are avoided, and the sealing device has the advantages of good sealing effect, long service life and the like.)

1. A down-the-hole impactor comprises an outer sleeve (1), wherein a first joint (2) fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer sleeve (1), an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism hermetically connected with the first joint (2), an air cylinder (4) installed in a matched mode with the inner wall of the outer sleeve (1), a second joint (5) fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve (1) and a drill bit arranged in the second joint (5) and connected with the second joint (5) in a sliding mode are sequentially arranged in the outer sleeve (1) from top to bottom, and a piston (6) connected with the air cylinder (4) in a sliding mode is arranged in the air cylinder (4); the upper end of the cylinder (4) is matched with the valve seat (31) to form a second stroke air chamber, the lower end of the cylinder (4) is matched with the guide sleeve (7) to form a return air chamber, and an air passage for conveying air to the return air chamber is formed between the cylinder (4) and the outer sleeve (1); the first joint (2) is provided with a first central through hole (21) for introducing high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas enables a piston (6) in a cylinder (4) to reciprocate up and down to continuously impact a drill bit from top to bottom so as to complete down-the-hole impact operation; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the contrary reversing mechanism that ends of admitting air includes valve seat (31), cock body (32), first spring part (33) and rigidity spheroid (34), valve seat (31) fixed mounting is in outer tube (1), slidable installs on valve seat (31) about cock body (32) can, first spring part (33) are located between valve seat (31) and cock body (32), rigidity spheroid (34) can roll on cock body (32) and under the effect of first spring part (33), support to lean on in order to block off first central through hole (21) on first central through hole (21) of first joint (2).

2. A down-the-hole impactor as defined in claim 1, wherein the upper end surface of the plug body (32) includes a concave curved surface portion (321) and a flat surface portion (322) at the bottom end of the curved surface portion (321), the rigid ball (34) rolling back and forth over the flat surface portion (322), the concave depth of the curved surface portion (321) being less than the radius of the rigid ball (34).

3. A down-the-hole impactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first central through hole (21) comprises a fourth hole and a fifth hole connected together, the fourth hole being located above the fifth hole, the fifth hole being a conical hole, the fifth hole decreasing in diameter from bottom to top to the same as the fourth hole, wherein the maximum diameter of the fifth hole is greater than the diameter of the rigid ball (34) and the minimum diameter of the fifth hole is less than the diameter of the rigid ball (34).

4. A down-the-hole impactor as defined in claim 1, wherein said rigid ball (34) is of a metallic material, including gray cast iron, malleable cast iron, ductile cast iron, carbon steel, copper alloys, and stainless steel.

5. A down-the-hole hammer as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the outer casing (1) has a first annular large recess (11) and a second annular large recess (12) connected to each other on its inner side wall, the first annular large recess (11) is located above the second annular large recess (12), the radius of the first annular large recess (11) is greater than the radius of the second annular large recess (12), the lower end face of the cylinder (4) abuts against the lower side face of the second annular large recess (12), and the upper end face of the cylinder (4) abuts against the valve seat (31).

6. A down-the-hole impactor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the valve seat (31) is a stepped shaft comprising, from top to bottom, a first shaft body (312), a second shaft body (313), a third shaft body (314) and a fourth shaft body (315) of different diameters, the lower end face of the first shaft body (312) abutting against the upper end face of the cylinder (4), the upper end face of the first shaft body (312) abutting against the lower end face of the first joint (2), the third shaft body (314) being in interference fit with the cylinder (4).

7. A down-the-hole hammer as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the piston (6) is a stepped shaft comprising, from top to bottom, a fifth shaft body (61), a sixth shaft body (62), a seventh shaft body (63) and an eighth shaft body (64) of different diameters, the diameters of the seventh shaft body (63), the fifth shaft body (61), the sixth shaft body (62) and the eighth shaft body (64) decreasing in sequence, the fifth shaft body (61) being in sliding engagement with the inner side wall of the cylinder (4), the eighth shaft body (64) being in sliding engagement with the inner side wall of the guide sleeve (7); the seventh shaft body (63) is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1).

8. A down-the-hole impactor as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that the diameters of the first shaft body (312), the third shaft body (314), the second shaft body (313) and the fourth shaft body (315) decrease in sequence, a plurality of axial first vent holes (316) are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the first shaft body (312), a plurality of second vent holes (42) and third vent holes (43) are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the cylinder (4), the second vent holes (42) are located between the first shaft body (312) and the third shaft body (314), the third vent holes (43) are located between the fifth shaft body (61) and the seventh shaft body (63), and the second vent holes (42) are oblique holes for guiding gas to move downwards.

9. A down-the-hole impactor as claimed in claim 6, wherein the diameter of the second shaft body (313 ') is greater than the diameters of the first shaft body (312 '), the third shaft body (314 ') and the fourth shaft body (315 '), wherein a plurality of fourth notches (317) are uniformly distributed on the second shaft body (313 ') in a circumferential manner, the plurality of fourth notches (317 ') are located at the connecting position of the upper end face of the second shaft body (313 ') and the side wall of the second shaft body (313 '), and the high-pressure gas enters the gas channel through the plurality of fourth notches (317 ').

10. A down-the-hole impactor as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the outer casing (1) is provided with a third large annular groove (13) on its inner side wall, the cylinder (4) is provided with a fourth large annular groove (41) on its inner side wall, and when the seventh shaft (63) is in sliding engagement with the inner side wall of the outer casing (1) above the third large annular groove (13) and the fifth shaft (61) is below the fourth large annular groove (41), the fifth shaft (61), the sixth shaft (62), the seventh shaft (63), the inner side wall of the cylinder (4) and the inner side wall of the outer casing (1) cooperate to form a first stroke air chamber for the piston (6), and when the fifth shaft (61) is in sliding engagement with the inner side wall of the cylinder (4) above the fourth large annular groove (41), the valve seat (31) is provided with a lower end face, of the third shaft (314), The inner side wall of the cylinder (4) and the fifth shaft body (61) of the piston (6) are matched to form a second stroke air chamber of the piston (6), and when the side wall of the seventh shaft body (63) is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1) which is positioned below the third annular large groove (13), the seventh shaft body (63), the eighth shaft body (64), the guide sleeve (7) and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1) are matched to form a return air chamber of the piston (6).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mine and tunnel engineering machinery, in particular to a down-the-hole hammer.

Background

In recent years, with the increasing investment on infrastructure and various mines in China, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is greatly valued in the technical field of rock crushing machinery by virtue of the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation and maintenance, capability of effectively removing rock debris at the bottom of a well, no limitation of drilling depth, capability of reducing abrasion of a drilling tool and the like. With the rapid development of the drilling technology of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, the application field of the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is continuously widened, and the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is gradually developed from initial blast hole construction to almost all drilling construction fields of hydrographic well drilling, geological core exploration, reservoir dam foundation curtain grouting, engineering geological exploration, trenchless pipeline laying, building foundation, geotechnical engineering and the like.

The pneumatic down-the-hole hammer uses high-pressure air as a power source to drive a piston in the hammer to reciprocate at high speed and high frequency, so that the piston obtains enough energy to impact a drill bit to drill. The impact force acts on the drill bit in the form of stress waves, huge impact energy is generated within a very short time, rocks can be effectively crushed, holes can be formed quickly, and the purpose of drilling the rocks and the holes is achieved.

However, when the down-the-hole hammer stops providing high-pressure gas, the inside of the down-the-hole hammer needs to adopt a gas inlet non-return reversing mechanism to prevent the gas from returning to the internal channel of the rear joint, so that slag is returned from the inside of the down-the-hole hammer. The main body of the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism is a steel body, and the surface of the big end of the steel body is fixed with sealant, so that the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism has good sealing effect on the through hole in the rear joint. However, in the existing air inlet non-return reversing mechanism, the connection between the surface of the steel body and the sealant is not firm enough, and the sealant is easy to fall off from the steel body in the working process, so that the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism cannot play a sealing role, slag returns in the impactor, the piston is blocked, and the down-the-hole impactor cannot work normally.

Therefore, the down-the-hole hammer disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN207583310U includes a hammer body, the hammer body includes a gas distribution seat and an air inlet reverse stopping reversing mechanism installed on the gas distribution seat, the air inlet reverse stopping reversing mechanism is used for one-way sealing the through hole inside the rear joint, the air inlet reverse stopping reversing mechanism includes an air inlet reverse stopping reversing mechanism main body and a sealant, the air inlet reverse stopping reversing mechanism main body is elastically installed on the gas distribution seat, the head of the air inlet reverse stopping reversing mechanism main body is provided with a first opening, and the sealant is fixed on the surface of the head of the air inlet reverse stopping reversing mechanism main body and extends into the first opening to form a fixing column. The head of the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism main body of the down-the-hole hammer is provided with the first opening, the sealant forms a fixing column in the first opening, the contact area between the sealant and the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism main body is increased, the sealant and the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism main body are firmly and reliably fixed, and the problem that the sealant is easy to fall off is effectively solved.

However, the following technical problems are found by those skilled in the art during the use process: in the working process of the down-the-hole impactor, the high-pressure gas always impacts the sealant, so that the temperature of the sealant rises and generates small deformation, the temperature rise of the sealant can make the sealant deform more easily, under the working condition, the sealing performance of the sealant can be reduced very quickly, the service life of the sealant is not long, the sealant needs to be replaced periodically, and therefore if the sealant is firmly connected with the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism main body, the replacement of the sealant is troublesome, if the sealant is not firmly connected with the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism main body, the sealant can easily fall off from the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism main body.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the down-the-hole hammer, wherein the air inlet non-return reversing mechanism in the down-the-hole hammer adopts a steel ball to complete the sealing work, so that a series of problems caused by adopting a sealant are avoided.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a down-the-hole impactor comprises an outer sleeve, wherein a first joint fixedly connected with the upper end of the outer sleeve, an air inlet non-return reversing mechanism hermetically connected with the first joint, an air cylinder matched and mounted with the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a second joint fixedly connected with the lower end of the outer sleeve and a drill bit arranged in the second joint and slidably connected with the second joint are sequentially arranged in the outer sleeve from top to bottom, and a piston slidably connected with the air cylinder is arranged in the air cylinder; the upper end of the cylinder is matched with a valve seat and forms a second stroke air chamber, the lower end of the cylinder is matched with a guide sleeve and forms a return air chamber, and an air passage for conveying air to the return air chamber is formed between the cylinder and the outer sleeve; the first joint is provided with a first central through hole for introducing high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas enables a piston in a cylinder to reciprocate up and down to continuously impact a drill bit from top to bottom so as to complete down-the-hole impact operation; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the air inlet reverse-stopping reversing mechanism comprises a valve seat, a plug body, a first spring part and a rigid ball body, wherein the valve seat is fixedly installed in the outer sleeve, the plug body can be installed on the valve seat in a vertical sliding mode, the first spring part is located between the valve seat and the plug body, and the rigid ball body can roll on the plug body and is abutted against a first central through hole of the first joint to block the first central through hole under the action of the first spring part.

Preferably, the upper end surface of the plug body comprises a concave curved surface part and a plane part positioned at the bottom end of the curved surface part, the rigid ball rolls back and forth on the plane part, and the concave depth of the curved surface part is smaller than the radius of the rigid ball.

Preferably, the first central through hole includes a fourth hole and a fifth hole connected to each other, the fourth hole is located above the fifth hole, the fifth hole is a conical hole, the diameter of the fifth hole gradually decreases from bottom to top to be the same as that of the fourth hole, the maximum diameter of the fifth hole is larger than that of the rigid sphere, and the minimum diameter of the fifth hole is smaller than that of the rigid sphere.

Preferably, the rigid spheres are made of metal, including gray cast iron, malleable cast iron, nodular cast iron, carbon steel, copper alloy, and stainless steel.

Preferably, the inner side wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a first annular large groove and a second annular large groove which are connected, the first annular large groove is located above the second annular large groove, the radius of the first annular large groove is larger than that of the second annular large groove, the lower end face of the cylinder abuts against the lower side face of the second annular large groove, and the upper end face of the cylinder abuts against the valve seat.

Preferably, the valve seat is a stepped shaft and comprises a first shaft body, a second shaft body, a third shaft body and a fourth shaft body which are different in diameter from top to bottom, the lower end face of the first shaft body abuts against the upper end face of the cylinder, the upper end face of the first shaft body abuts against the lower end face of the first joint, and the third shaft body is in interference fit with the cylinder.

Preferably, the piston is a stepped shaft and comprises a fifth shaft body, a sixth shaft body, a seventh shaft body and an eighth shaft body which are different in diameter from top to bottom, the diameters of the seventh shaft body, the fifth shaft body, the sixth shaft body and the eighth shaft body are sequentially reduced, the fifth shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the cylinder, and the eighth shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the guide sleeve; the seventh shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve.

Preferably, the diameters of the first shaft body, the third shaft body, the second shaft body and the fourth shaft body are sequentially reduced, a plurality of axial first vent holes are uniformly distributed on the first shaft body in the circumferential direction, a plurality of second vent holes and third vent holes are uniformly distributed on the cylinder in the circumferential direction, the second vent holes are located between the first shaft body and the third shaft body, the third vent holes are located between the fifth shaft body and the seventh shaft body, and the second vent holes are inclined holes for guiding gas to move downwards.

Preferably, the diameter of the second shaft body is larger than the diameters of the first shaft body, the third shaft body and the fourth shaft body, a plurality of fourth notches are uniformly distributed on the second shaft body in the circumferential direction, the fourth notches are located at the connecting position of the upper end face of the second shaft body and the side wall of the second shaft body, and high-pressure gas enters the air passage through the fourth notches.

Preferably, a third annular big groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the outer sleeve, a fourth annular big groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder, when the side wall of the seventh shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve above the third large annular groove and the fifth shaft body is positioned below the fourth large annular groove, the fifth shaft body, the sixth shaft body, the seventh shaft body, the inner side wall of the cylinder and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve are matched to form a first stroke air chamber of the piston, when the side wall of the fifth shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the cylinder, which is positioned above the fourth annular large groove, the lower end surface of the third shaft body on the valve seat, the inner side wall of the cylinder and the fifth shaft body of the piston are matched to form a second stroke air chamber of the piston, when the side wall of the seventh shaft body is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the outer sleeve pipe below the third large annular groove, the seventh shaft body, the eighth shaft body, the guide sleeve and the inner side wall of the outer sleeve are matched to form a return air chamber of the piston.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rigid ball body is abutted against the first central through hole through the action of the first spring part, so that the sealing effect is achieved, the problems of easy degumming, easy deformation, short service life and the like of sealing by adopting a sealant are solved, and the sealing device has the advantages of good sealing effect, long service life and the like; in addition, the rigid ball body is more beneficial to the circulation of high-pressure gas compared with the sealant.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a down-the-hole impactor in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a plug body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve seat according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylinder according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an outer sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a valve seat according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1. an outer sleeve; 2. a first joint; 4. a cylinder; 5. a second joint; 6. a piston; 31. a valve seat; 32. a plug body; 33. a first spring member; 34. a rigid sphere; 321. a curved surface portion; 322. a planar portion; 21. a first central through hole; 311. a second central through hole; 323. a helical groove; 11. a first large annular groove; 12. a second annular large groove; 312. a first shaft body; 313. a second shaft body; 314. a third shaft body; 315. a fourth shaft body; 61. a fifth shaft body; 62. a sixth shaft body; 63. a seventh shaft body; 64. an eighth shaft body; 13. a third annular large groove; 41. a fourth annular large groove; 65. a first notch; 66. a second notch; 67. a third notch; 81. a first small annular groove; 82. a second small annular groove; 83. a third small annular groove; 84. a fourth annular small groove; 14. a fifth annular large groove; 7. a guide sleeve; 317. a fourth notch; 316. a first vent hole; 42. a second vent hole; 43. and a third vent hole.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the invention, the side surface of the large annular groove refers to a plane vertical to the inner side wall of the outer sleeve, and the bottom surface of the large annular groove refers to a curved surface parallel to the inner side wall of the outer sleeve.