Rolling bearing
阅读说明:本技术 滚动轴承 (Rolling bearing ) 是由 村田顺司 镰本繁夫 狮子原祐树 于 2020-04-23 设计创作,主要内容包括:滚动轴承包括:第一滚道表面(11);第二滚道表面(12);和可旋转地布置在第一滚道表面(11)与第二滚道表面(12)之间的多个滚动元件。在第一滚道表面(11)、第二滚道表面(12)和所述多个滚动元件的滚动表面中的至少一个表面上设置多个凹部(20)。凹部(20)的开口与所述至少一个表面的面积比率在5%至37%的范围内。每一个凹部(20)的开口的当量圆直径在1μm至27μm的范围内。每一个凹部(20)在与所述至少一个表面垂直的方向上的深度在3μm至10μm的范围内。将凹部(20)排除在外的所述至少一个表面的表面波度小于或等于0.2μm。(The rolling bearing includes: a first raceway surface (11); a second raceway surface (12); and a plurality of rolling elements rotatably arranged between the first raceway surface (11) and the second raceway surface (12). A plurality of recesses (20) are provided on at least one of the first raceway surface (11), the second raceway surface (12), and the rolling surfaces of the plurality of rolling elements. The area ratio of the opening of the recess (20) to the at least one surface is in the range of 5% to 37%. The equivalent circle diameter of the opening of each recess (20) is in the range of 1 μm to 27 μm. The depth of each recess (20) in a direction perpendicular to the at least one surface is in the range of 3 μm to 10 μm. The surface waviness of the at least one surface excluding the recesses (20) is less than or equal to 0.2 [ mu ] m.)
1. A rolling bearing characterized by comprising:
a first raceway surface (11);
a second raceway surface (12); and
a plurality of rolling elements rotatably arranged between the first and second raceway surfaces (11, 12), wherein
Providing a plurality of recesses (20) on at least one of the first raceway surface (11), the second raceway surface (12), and a rolling surface of the plurality of rolling elements,
an area ratio of an opening of the plurality of recesses (20) to the at least one surface is in a range of 5% to 37%,
the equivalent circular diameter of the opening of each recess (20) of the plurality of recesses (20) is in the range of 1 μm to 27 μm,
each recess (20) of the plurality of recesses (20) has a depth in a direction perpendicular to the at least one surface in a range of 3 μm to 10 μm, and
the surface waviness of the at least one surface excluding the plurality of recesses (20) is less than or equal to 0.2 μm.
2. Rolling bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the rolling elements are rollers.
3. Rolling bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that each of the plurality of rolling elements is any one of a needle roller, a cylindrical roller and an oblong cylindrical roller.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a rolling bearing.
Background
For example, a planetary gear used in a planetary gear mechanism in a transmission is rotatably supported on a support shaft of a carrier via a needle roller bearing. The needle roller bearing is lubricated by forcibly supplying lubricating oil from the support shaft side (refer to japanese unexamined patent application publication No. 2015-083861(JP 2015-083861A)).
In recent years, since the amount of lubricating oil forcibly supplied to bearings is reduced for the purpose of saving natural resources and energy, the amount of lubricating oil in bearings tends to be reduced, and further, the lubricating oil is dispersed by centrifugal force generated by the bearings rotating at higher speeds. When the amount of lubricating oil in the bearing is reduced, an oil film shortage occurs, which leads to a temperature rise and bearing seizure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rolling bearing capable of inhibiting temperature rise and improving seizure resistance.
As a result of intensive studies, the inventors found that, by providing a plurality of recesses on at least one of the rolling surface of a rolling element and the raceway surface on which the rolling element rolls and setting the area ratio of the openings of the recesses, the equivalent circle diameter and the depth of each recess, and the surface waviness of the surface excluding the recesses within appropriate ranges, lubricating oil can be easily accumulated in the recesses, and the oil film thickness on the surface (i.e., the thickness of the oil film) can be increased. The inventors have completed the present invention based on such findings.
One aspect of the invention relates to a rolling bearing including: a first raceway surface; a second raceway surface; and a plurality of rolling elements rotatably disposed between the first and second raceway surfaces. A plurality of recesses are provided on at least one of the first raceway surface, the second raceway surface, and the rolling surfaces of the plurality of rolling elements. An area ratio of an opening of the plurality of recesses to the at least one surface is in a range of 5% to 37%. The equivalent circle diameter of the opening of each of the plurality of concave portions is in a range of 1 μm to 27 μm. A depth of each of the plurality of concave portions in a direction perpendicular to the at least one surface is in a range of 3 μm to 10 μm. The surface waviness of the at least one surface excluding the plurality of recesses is less than or equal to 0.2 μm.
In the rolling bearing according to the above aspect of the invention, the lubricating oil can be easily accumulated in the concave portion provided on at least one of the first raceway surface, the second raceway surface, and the rolling surfaces of the rolling elements, and the oil film thickness on the at least one surface can be increased. With this configuration, the oil film shortage on the at least one surface can be suppressed. Therefore, the temperature rise of the rolling bearing can be suppressed, and galling resistance can be improved.
The rolling elements may be rollers. In this case, a temperature rise of the rolling bearing including the rollers as the rolling elements can be suppressed, and galling resistance can be improved.
Each rolling element may be any one of a needle roller, a cylindrical roller, and a long cylindrical roller. In this case, the temperature rise of the rolling bearing including any one of the needle rollers, the cylindrical rollers, and the long cylindrical rollers (i.e., the rod-like rollers) as the rolling elements can be suppressed, and the galling resistance can be improved.
According to the rolling bearing of the above aspect of the present invention, the temperature rise can be suppressed, and the galling resistance can be improved.
Drawings
Features, advantages, and technical and industrial significance of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like elements, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view of a planetary gear mechanism including a rolling bearing according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a rolling bearing;
fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of the evaluation test. In the graph, the vertical axis represents the oil film thickness variation amount, and the horizontal axis represents the area ratio of the concave portion;
fig. 5 is a graph showing the results of the evaluation test. In the graph, the vertical axis represents the oil film thickness variation, and the horizontal axis represents the equivalent circle diameter of the concave portion;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the results of the evaluation test. In the graph, the vertical axis represents the oil film thickness variation amount, and the horizontal axis represents the depth of the concave portion;
fig. 7 is a graph showing the results of the evaluation test. In the graph, the vertical axis represents the amount of change in oil film thickness, and the horizontal axis represents the surface waviness of the surface excluding the concave portion; and is
Fig. 8 is a table showing the results of the evaluation test.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a partial sectional view of a planetary gear mechanism including a rolling bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in fig. 1. In fig. 1 and 2, a
The sun gear 51 is fitted to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 61, and is rotatable integrally with the rotating shaft 61. The
The
Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the rolling bearing. The rolling
In fig. 2 and 3, the
An
A plurality of
The ratio of the area of the opening of the
The equivalent circle diameter of the opening of each recess 20 (hereinafter simply referred to as the equivalent circle diameter B of the recess 20) is set to be greater than or equal to 1 μm and less than or equal to 27 μm (preferably, greater than or equal to 8 μm and less than or equal to 27 μm). In other words, the equivalent circular diameter B of the
B=2×(S/π)^(1/2)
The depth from the opening to the bottom of the
Next, evaluation tests performed by the inventors to verify the effects obtained by the rolling bearing of the present invention will be described. In the evaluation test, nine sets of samples (bearing steel balls) were used. One set included three samples. Each set of samples was machined to have a plurality of recesses on a portion of the surface of the sample. Basically, as described above, the samples were processed by performing sand blasting dressing first and then performing roll dressing.
The three samples in each group were rotated at different rotation speeds (0.1m/s, 1.0m/s, and 2.0m/s) from each other with a small amount of lubricating oil applied (5. mu.l of low-viscosity oil was applied to the sample surface). Then, the change in the thickness of the oil film was measured at the central portion of each sample where the sample contacted the mating member (i.e., the mating member), and the area ratio of the recesses, the equivalent circle diameter and depth of the recesses, and the surface waviness of the processed surface were also measured.
The change in oil film thickness was measured by: a known three-wavelength optical interferometer (for example, refer to japanese unexamined patent application publication No. 2017-207316) is used to simultaneously measure the thickness of an oil film (i.e., the thickness of an oil film) on a processed surface on which recesses are provided and the thickness of an oil film on an unprocessed surface on which recesses are not provided, and calculate the difference between the measured oil film thicknesses. The difference between the oil film thicknesses is a value obtained by subtracting the oil film thickness on the unprocessed surface from the oil film thickness on the processed surface. This value will be referred to as an oil film thickness variation hereinafter. The oil film thickness variation indicates that the oil film thickness on the processed surface increases as the value of the oil film thickness variation increases.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of the above-described evaluation test. In the graph, the vertical axis represents the oil film thickness variation amount, and the horizontal axis represents the area ratio of the concave portion. As shown in fig. 4, when the area ratio of the concave portion is in the range of 5% to 37% (in other words, when the area ratio of the concave portion is greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 37%), the value of the oil film thickness variation is generally large, and the oil film thickness of the processed surface on which the concave portion is provided is large. Therefore, as can be seen from the graph, by setting the area ratio of the concave portion in the range of 5% to 37%, the lubricating oil can be more easily accumulated in the concave portion, and the oil film thickness can be made larger (i.e., the oil film thickness can be increased).
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the results of the above-described evaluation test. In the graph, the vertical axis represents the oil film thickness variation amount, and the horizontal axis represents the equivalent circle diameter of the concave portion. As shown in fig. 5, when the equivalent circle diameter of the concave portion is in the range of 1 μm to 27 μm, the value of the oil film thickness variation is generally large, and the oil film thickness of the processed surface on which the concave portion is provided is large. Therefore, as can be seen from the graph, by setting the equivalent circle diameter of the concave portion in the range of 1 μm to 27 μm, the lubricating oil can be more easily accumulated in the concave portion, and the oil film thickness can be made larger (i.e., the oil film thickness can be increased).
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the results of the above-described evaluation test. In the graph, the vertical axis represents the oil film thickness variation amount, and the horizontal axis represents the depth of the concave portion. As shown in fig. 6, when the depth of the concave portion is in the range of 3 μm to 10 μm, the value of the oil film thickness variation is generally large, and the oil film thickness of the processed surface on which the concave portion is provided is large. Therefore, as can be seen from the graph, by setting the depth of the concave portion in the range of 3 μm to 10 μm, the lubricating oil can be more easily accumulated in the concave portion, and the oil film thickness can be made larger (i.e., the oil film thickness can be increased).
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the results of the above-described evaluation test. In the graph, the vertical axis represents the amount of change in the oil film thickness, and the horizontal axis represents the surface waviness of the surface excluding the concave portion. As shown in fig. 7, when the surface waviness of the surface excluding the concave portion is in the range of 0.2 μm or less, the value of the oil film thickness variation is generally large, and the oil film thickness of the processed surface on which the concave portion is provided is large. Therefore, as can be seen from the graph, by setting the surface waviness of the surface excluding the concave portion in the range of 0.2 μm or less, the lubricating oil can be easily accumulated in the concave portion, and the oil film thickness can be made large (i.e., the oil film thickness can be increased).
Fig. 8 is a table showing the results of the above-described evaluation test. As shown in fig. 8, of the nine sets of samples a to J, only sample G (G-1, G-2, G-3) showed that all the oil film thickness variations had positive values, which means that the oil film thickness on the machined surface on which the recesses were provided was increased. Then, in each sample G, the area ratio of the concave portion had a value (15%) in the range of 5% to 37%, and the equivalent circle diameter of the concave portion was a value (15.31 μm) in the range of 1 μm to 27 μm. The depth of the concave portion has a value (4.788 μm) in a range of 3 μm to 10 μm, and the surface waviness of the surface excluding the concave portion has a value (0.148 μm) in a range of 0.2 μm or less. Therefore, as can be seen from the test results, by setting the area ratio of the recessed portions, the equivalent circular diameter and depth of the recessed portions, and the surface waviness of the surface excluding the recessed portions within the respective ranges as described above, lubricating oil can be easily accumulated in the recessed portions, and the oil film thickness on the machined surface on which the recessed portions are provided can be increased.
As described above, in the rolling
The above-described embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. That is, the rolling bearing according to the present invention is not limited to those described in the above-described embodiments shown in the drawings, and various modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the
The rolling bearing of the present invention may be a roller bearing other than a needle roller bearing, such as a self-aligning roller bearing or a cylindrical roller bearing. The rolling elements of the rolling bearing may be cylindrical rollers other than needle rollers or long cylindrical rollers (i.e., rod-shaped rollers). Further, the rolling bearing may be a ball bearing including balls as rolling elements, in addition to the rolling bearing including rollers as rolling elements. Further, an example in which the rolling bearing of the present invention is applied to a planetary gear mechanism in a transmission is described. However, the application of the rolling bearing is not limited thereto.
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