阅读说明：本技术 富含杂卤石的动物饲料 (Animal feed rich in polyhalite ) 是由 希勒尔·马根 梅纳赫姆·阿萨拉夫 埃米尔·戈伯 于 2019-05-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：提供了一种动物饲料组合物,该动物饲料组合物包含在0.5％w/w-5％w/w之间的浓度的杂卤石。(An animal feed composition is provided comprising polyhalite at a concentration between 0.5% w/w-5% w/w.)

1. An animal feed composition comprising polyhalite at a concentration between 0.5% w/w-5% w/w.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the animal is selected from the group comprising: poultry, cattle and fish.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polyhalite is at a concentration of between 0.75% w/w-2% w/w.

4. A composition as claimed in claim 3 wherein the composition is fed to poultry and comprises polyhalite at a concentration of 0.75% w/w.

5. A composition according to claim 3 wherein the composition is fed to poultry and comprises polyhalite at a concentration of 2% w/w.

6. The composition of claim 3, wherein the composition is fed to fish and comprises polyhalite at a concentration between 1% w/w-2% w/w.

7. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is fed to the animal daily.

8. A fish feed comprises at least

30% w/w protein;

2% w/w fat;

3% w/w fiber;

0.5% w/w phosphorus;

0.5% w/w calcium; and

1% w/w polyhalite.

9. The fish feed of claim 8 comprising

35% w/w protein;

4% w/w fat;

5% w/w fiber;

1.2% w/w phosphorus;

1.2% w/w calcium; and

2% w/w polyhalite.

10. A method for producing an animal feed comprising polyhalite, wherein the method comprises mixing polyhalite with the feed.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the polyhalite is in a form selected from the group comprising: pellets, granules, powder or dust forms.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the polyhalite is in powder form.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to animal feed compositions comprising polyhalite and processes for preparing the same.

Background

The cost of animal feed and seafood feed (marine feed) constitutes a major part of the costs incurred in the farming of these animals.

For example, in poultry, feed efficiency is a major variable that determines the ultimate cost of one kilogram of poultry meat. The proportion of feed in the breeding operating costs of broiler chickens (broilers) ranges from 40% to 70% of the total production costs, depending on the country and species involved. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), which varies depending on the type of production used, is always a very useful criterion for determining profitability of a farm. When the goal is to increase the income of poultry enterprises, it is important to improve the feed conversion ratio and thus reduce the feed costs.

Aquaculture is the fastest growing segment of agriculture, with annual growth rates approaching 10%. This is due to the fact that world fisheries have reached stationary phase (plasteau) and the demand for fish is growing. Tilapia (Tilapia fish) is a rapidly growing part of aquaculture, and the world production currently reaches 450 million tons per year. By comparison, annual Salmon (Salmon) production amounts to only 140 million tons.

In a typical aquaculture farm, fish feed represents about 50% -60% of the total direct production costs. Since the cost of feed in fish production units is a major expense, in addition to beneficial environmental effects, any changes that would result in more efficient use of feed would have a substantial impact on the profitability of these production systems.

Fish utilize protein for energy purposes and therefore fish feed is rich in protein compared to land animal feed, typically 40-50% of the feed. The source of protein is usually fish meal (fish meal), which is becoming a rare and expensive commodity. Nitrogenous products (ammonia, nitrite and nitrate) and phosphorus derived from eating leftover food or partially digested proteins and food are harmful to the fish itself, can lead to growth retardation and death at high levels. A reduction in the amount of food waste produced by fish, and in particular those that are harmful to the environment, would make possible a great saving in the production of fish at high density; the waste water of the fish farm concomitantly will not have an adverse effect on the environment.

Summary of The Invention

According to some illustrative embodiments, provided herein are animal feed compositions comprising polyhalite at a concentration of between 0.5% w/w-5% w/w.

According to some embodiments, the animal may be selected from the group comprising: poultry, cattle and fish.

According to some embodiments, the polyhalite is at a concentration between 0.75% w/w-2% w/w.

According to some embodiments, the composition may be fed to poultry and comprises polyhalite at a concentration of 0.75% w/w.

According to some embodiments, the composition is fed to poultry and comprises polyhalite at a concentration of 2% w/w.

According to some embodiments, the composition may be fed to the animal daily.

Detailed Description

According to some illustrative embodiments, provided herein is an animal feed enriched in polyhalite.

Polyhalite is an evaporite mineral (evaporte mineral) having the formula: k₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄·2H₂Hydrated sulfates of potassium, calcium and magnesium of O.

According to some embodiments, the addition of polyhalite to an animal's diet (diet) may provide a positive impact on the growth and/or feed utilization of the animal.

According to some embodiments, polyhalite may be added to animal feed to be used as a growth enhancer for farm animals, since potassium and sulfur are known to be involved in the metabolism of animals, and potassium is the third mineral behind phosphorus and calcium in the order of importance.

According to some illustrative embodiments, the term "animal" as used herein may refer to any member of the animal kingdom, including, for example, any member of the domestic livestock and livestock industries, such as chickens, cattle, sheep, pigs; marine fish (marine fish) or freshwater fish and the like.

According to some illustrative embodiments, provided herein is an animal feed composition comprising polyhalite at a concentration of between 0.5% w/w-5% w/w, preferably between 0.75% w/w-2% w/w.

According to some embodiments, the composition may be fed to the animal daily.

According to some illustrative examples, a method for producing an animal feed comprising polyhalite is provided, wherein the method comprises mixing polyhalite, for example in pellet (pellet), granule, powder or dust form, with a feed, for example forage (fodder) and/or pasture grass (forage).

According to some embodiments, a general process for manufacturing animal feed may include the steps of: grinding the raw materials, mixing, granulating, cooling, pulverizing, quality testing, weighing, and packaging and storing.

According to some embodiments, polyhalite is preferably added at one or more of the following steps: grinding, mixing, granulating and/or pulverizing.

According to some embodiments, polyhalite may be coated with one or more layers to enable expulsion in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal.

According to some illustrative examples, a method for producing a fish feed comprising polyhalite is provided, wherein the method comprises mixing polyhalite with the feed, for example in pellet, granule, powder or dust form, preferably in powder form.

According to some embodiments, modern fish feed is made by grinding and mixing together ingredients such as fish meal, vegetable proteins and binders such as wheat. Water may be added and the resulting paste extruded through holes in the metal plate. The diameter of the holes determines the diameter of the pellet, which may range from less than one millimeter to over one centimeter. As the feed is extruded, it is cut to form pellets of the desired length. The pellets were dried and oil was added. Adjusting parameters such as temperature and pressure enables the manufacturer to prepare pellets suitable for different fish farming methods, e.g. floating or slowly sinking feed and feed suitable for the recirculation system. The dry feed pellets are stable over a relatively long period of time for convenient storage and dispensing.

According to some embodiments, polyhalite may be added to conventional animal feed (grains such as corn, wheat, etc.) at all stages of growth and mechanically mixed.

According to some other embodiments, for fish feed, polyhalite may be added to fish feed (bone meal (boneas), protein, etc.) and may be extruded to obtain pellet-shaped pellet feed.

According to some embodiments, polyhalite may dissolve in an aqueous environment in a continuous release manner, and this may have an effect on the animal's intake of nutrients.

Furthermore, it is likely that the acidity of the animal's stomach also has an effect on the dissolution of polyhalite in the animal's body.

According to some embodiments, standard grades of polyhalite may be used for incorporation into animal feed and/or fish feed, however, according to some other embodiments, other polyhalite products and/or appearances (apearance) may be used, including for example pellets (up to 5mm pellets) and small pellets (up to 2mm pellets), as well as mixtures thereof in various percentages.

According to some embodiments, polyhalite may be added during the milling and/or mixing stages.

According to some embodiments, polyhalite may be added to fish food, particularly for feeding juvenile fish, as the results will be more apparent in these fish. According to some embodiments, the addition of polyhalite in addition to regular dietary components results in a proportional reduction of all other dietary components. According to these embodiments, this may enable the replacement of expensive fish diet ingredients with polyhalite, which is considered a much cheaper ingredient, e.g. especially because the addition of polyhalite to the diet results in positive effects (better growth and FCR) when added at concentrations of 0.75% -3%, preferably at concentrations of 1% -2%.

According to some illustrative embodiments, provided herein is a fish feed comprising at least 30% w/w protein; 2% w/w fat; 3% w/w fiber; 0.5% w/w phosphorus; 0.5% w/w calcium; and 1% w/w polyhalite.

According to some embodiments, the fish feed composition may comprise 35% w/w protein; 4% w/w fat; 5% w/w fiber; 1.2% w/w phosphorus; 1.2% w/w calcium; and 2% w/w polyhalite.

Brief Description of Drawings

The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given herein below and the accompanying drawings, which are given by way of illustration and example only, and thus are not limiting in any way, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a diagram depicting a graph of weight change (variance) in a 0-day-old Ross chick (n ═ 400), according to some illustrative embodiments.

Fig. 2 includes photographs of brooding cages (brooding cages) with 15 chicks placed in each cage, according to some illustrative embodiments.

Fig. 3 illustrates a graph depicting 360 selected chicks, according to some demonstrative embodiments, divided into 6 diet treatment groups of similar starting weight (n-60 per group) according to their Body Weight (BW).

Fig. 4 illustrates a picture of a chicken (chicken), according to some demonstrative embodiments.

Figure 5 illustrates a table showing the average BW of chicks, according to some illustrative embodiments.

Fig. 6 depicts figures 6A and 6B that illustrate the average body weight versus age (day) of chicks when fed with different concentrations of polyhalite-rich feed, according to some illustrative embodiments.

Fig. 7 illustrates a table showing the calculated average Weight Gain (WG) when birds (bird) are kept in brooding cages, according to some illustrative embodiments.

Fig. 8 illustrates a graph depicting the average WG (g/day) measured from the day of hatch to the end of the test on day 35 in chicks from different additive treatments, according to some demonstrative embodiments.

Figure 9 illustrates a table representing average BW, feed intake (feedintake) and FCR for chicks, according to some illustrative embodiments.

Fig. 10 illustrates a graph depicting average bw (g), feed intake (Kg), and FCR (a.u), according to some demonstrative embodiments.

Fig. 11 illustrates a graph depicting average bw (g), feed intake (Kg), and FCR (a.u), according to some demonstrative embodiments.

Figure 12 illustrates a table showing the effect of additive treatment on slaughter BW at that age, relative chest weight at slaughter and after 48h, abdominal fat weight, heart weight and liver weight (% of slaughter BW), according to some illustrative embodiments.

Fig. 13 illustrates a graph depicting average chest weight (g) and relative chest weight (%) at slaughter and 48h post-mortem from chickens treated with different additives, according to some illustrative embodiments.

Fig. 14 illustrates a graph depicting average heart weight (g) and relative heart weight (%) at slaughter from chickens treated with different additives, according to some illustrative embodiments.

Fig. 15 depicts pictures of a fish farming facility, according to some illustrative embodiments.

Examples