阅读说明：本技术 平衡轴 (Balance shaft ) 是由 塞巴斯蒂安·科赫 斯特凡·多恩 于 2019-03-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：提出一种平衡轴(1),它包含一个带有主轴颈(7)的轴(3),所述主轴颈以部分或整个圆周对着紧接在所述主轴颈上的轴段(14、15)的轴向凸肩(13)径向凹陷；和一个布置在所述主轴颈上的、带有外环(9)的滚针轴承(4),所述外环构成滚针(6)的外部导轨。所述外环应当设置有轴向凸肩(19),其中,滚针在两个轴向方向上既支撑在轴段的轴向凸肩上也支撑在外环的轴向凸肩上。(A balance shaft (1) is proposed, comprising a shaft (3) with a main journal (7) which is radially recessed with a partial or full circumference against an axial shoulder (13) of a shaft section (14, 15) lying directly above the main journal; and a needle bearing (4) arranged on the main journal and having an outer ring (9) which forms an outer guide for the needles (6). The outer ring should be provided with an axial shoulder (19), wherein the needle rollers are supported in both axial directions both on the axial shoulder of the shaft section and on the axial shoulder of the outer ring.)

1. A balance shaft (1) comprising a shaft (3) with a main journal (7) which is radially recessed over part or the entire circumference relative to an axial shoulder (13) of a shaft section (14, 15) adjoining the main journal (7); and a needle bearing (4) arranged on the main journal (7) and having an outer ring (9) which forms an outer guide for the needle rollers (6), characterized in that the outer ring (9) is provided with an axial shoulder (19), wherein the needle rollers (6) are supported in both axial directions both on the axial shoulder (13) of the shaft sections (14, 15) and on the axial shoulder (19) of the outer ring (9).

2. The balance shaft (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the needle rollers (6) bear axially directly on the axial shoulders (13, 19) of the shaft sections (14, 15) and the outer ring (9), respectively.

3. Balance shaft (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the axial shoulder (19) of the outer ring (9) is constituted by a bearing ring (20) engaging with the outer ring.

4. A balance shaft (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer ring (9) is provided with a shoulder (12) extending in a radially outward direction in axial overlap with the bearing ring (9).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a balance shaft comprising a shaft with a main journal which is radially recessed with a partial or full circumference against an axial shoulder of a shaft section immediately above the main journal; and a needle bearing arranged on the main journal and having an outer ring, the outer ring forming an outer guide for the needle.

Background

Such balance shafts are usually installed in mass-balanced transmissions of internal combustion engines in order to compensate for free inertia forces and/or moments of inertia.

A needle-supported shaft with a radially collapsible main journal is known from the engine journal MTZ 06/2008, pages 518 and 524. The radial bearing of the shaft is carried out on two such main journals by means of needle bearings and on the drive-side end section by means of plain bearings, which also take care of the axial bearing of the shaft. Such bearing devices may have the following disadvantages: it has three radial bearings, which are statically indeterminate.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a balance shaft with an improved bearing design.

This task is solved by the following solution, namely: the outer ring is provided with an axial shoulder, wherein the needle rollers are supported in both axial directions both on the axial shoulder of the shaft section and on the axial shoulder of the outer ring. In this embodiment, the needle bearing is used not only as a radial bearing but also as an axial bearing for the shaft, whereby, with corresponding advantages in installation space and/or component costs, the static overdetermination of the bearing arrangement is eliminated by an axial bearing support point which is independent of the needle bearing.

The support of the needles on the axial shoulder of the shaft portion and/or on the axial shoulder of the outer ring can take place indirectly via a cage for fixing the needles or in direct axial contact with the needles against the axial shoulder.

Drawings

Further features and embodiments of the invention can be taken from the following description and the drawings, in which an exemplary embodiment of the balancing shaft according to the invention is shown in a simplified manner.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a balance shaft with needle bearings installed;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the shaft shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section through the axial-radial bearing of the balancing shaft shown in FIG. 1 as a detail;

Fig. 4 shows the axial-radial bearing as a separate part from fig. 3.

Detailed Description

The figure shows a balance shaft 1 for a mass-balanced transmission for balancing free second-order inertia forces and moments of inertia in an inline four-cylinder internal combustion engine. The drive of the balancing shaft takes place by means of a chain or a gear (not yet installed in the illustration) on the drive-side end segment 2.

The balancing shaft 1 comprises a shaft 3, which is shown in detail in fig. 2, and two radial bearings, which are designed as needle bearings 4 and 5, the needles 6 of which roll directly on associated main journals 7 and 8 of the shaft 3. The outer guides of the needle rollers 6 are each formed by an outer ring 9, which is fixed in a housing 10 of the internal combustion engine. The axial positioning of the outer ring 9 in the bearing bore 11 of the housing 10 takes place by means of a radially outwardly extending shoulder 12, by means of which the outer ring 9 is fastened to the housing 10 from the front. Each main journal 7, 8 is radially recessed with a partial circumference against the axial shoulder 13 of the immediately preceding shaft section 14, 15 and 16. This partial circumference is approximately 200 °, and extends on the imbalance side in mirror-symmetrical fashion to the imbalance plane defined by the axis of rotation 17 of the shaft 3 and its eccentric center of mass.

In the embodiment shown, the left-hand main journal 7 in the figure is used as both a radial bearing and an axial bearing. This will be explained in more detail below with reference to fig. 3, which shows the axial-radial bearing point of the balancing shaft 1 in an enlarged form. The axial shoulder 13 surrounds the roller pin 6 guided in the ball cage 18 with axial play, wherein the end face of the roller pin 6 runs in contact with the axial shoulder 13 of the shaft 3 as a result of the axial thrust. The outer ring 9 is provided with an axial shoulder 19 which is likewise used in both axial directions as a contact surface for the end faces of the needle rollers 6. The shaft 3 is thus supported in the housing 10 with a defined axial play by the axial force flow "axial shoulders 13 of the shaft sections 14 and 15-needle 6-axial shoulder 19 of the outer ring 9".

For the mounting of the combined axial-radial bearing point, the left-hand axial shoulder 19 of the outer ring 9 in fig. 3 and 4 is formed by a bearing ring 20 which engages with the outer ring 9 at a position where the bearing ring 20 axially overlaps the shoulder 12 of the outer ring 9. During assembly, the needle ring with the circumferentially slotted ball cage 18 is first placed on the main journal 7, and the outer ring 9 is then pushed axially onto the needle ring. The support ring 20 is then pressed into the outer ring 9. Fig. 4 shows the axial-radial bearing mounted in the manner described as a separate part.

The radial and axial support of the shaft 3 is carried out only on the two main journals 7 and 8. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the axial-radial bearing point is connected to the drive-side end segment 2 via two shaft segments 15, 16 and the main journal 8. As an alternative, the right-hand main journal 8 in fig. 1 can also form an axial-radial bearing point, which is then connected to the drive-side end segment 2 only via the shaft section 16.

List of reference numerals

1 balance shaft

2 end segment on the drive side

3 shaft

4 needle roller bearing

5 needle roller bearing

6 roller pin

7 Main journal

8 Main journal

9 outer ring

10 casing

11 bearing hole

12 convex shoulder

13 axial shoulder of shaft section

14 shaft section

15 shaft section

16 shaft segment

17 rotating shaft

18 ball cage

19 axial shoulder of the outer ring

20 support ring