阅读说明：本技术 一种提高油萝卜抗根结线虫效率的方法 (Method for improving root-knot nematode resistance efficiency of oil radish ) 是由 余萍 张绍松 罗红梅 李树红 赵永昌 董超 于 2020-07-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种提高油萝卜抗根结线虫效率的方法,具体包括以下步骤：待油萝卜成熟后采摘油萝卜茎叶,干燥后将油萝卜秸秆用粉碎机粉碎后过150-300目筛子,所得粉末备用；按90～110g/L的比例将油萝卜秸秆粉末加入蒸馏水中,浸泡45～55h后,离心分离后收集上清液；将上清液浓缩,获得初提物；按100～120g/L的比例在初提物中加入黄腐酸。本发明所述方法工艺简单,实用性强,通过水提取油萝卜秸秆有效成分,可获得较高的富含黄酮的溶液,可以提高油萝卜抗根结线虫效率的方法。(The invention discloses a method for improving the root-knot nematode resistance efficiency of oil radish, which specifically comprises the following steps: picking oil radish stem leaves after the oil radish is ripe, drying, crushing the oil radish straws by a crusher, and sieving the crushed oil radish straws by a sieve of 150 meshes and 300 meshes to obtain powder for later use; adding oil radish straw powder into distilled water according to the proportion of 90-110 g/L, soaking for 45-55 h, performing centrifugal separation, and collecting supernatant; concentrating the supernatant to obtain a primary extract; adding fulvic acid into the primary extract according to the proportion of 100-120 g/L. The method has simple process and strong practicability, and can obtain a higher solution rich in flavone by extracting the effective components of the oil radish straws with water and improve the root-knot nematode resistance efficiency of the oil radish.)

1. The method for improving the root knot nematode resistance efficiency of oil radish is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) preparing oil radish straw powder: picking oil radish stem leaves after the oil radish is ripe, drying, crushing the oil radish straws by a crusher, and sieving the crushed oil radish straws by a sieve of 150 meshes and 300 meshes to obtain powder for later use;

(2) adding oil radish straw powder into distilled water according to the proportion of 90-110 g/L, soaking for 45-55 h, performing centrifugal separation, and collecting supernatant;

(3) concentrating the supernatant obtained in the step (2) to obtain a primary extract; and adding fulvic acid into the primary extract according to the proportion of 100-120 g/L to obtain the final root-knot nematode inhibitor.

2. The method for improving the root knot nematode resistance of oil radish according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drying process of the step (1) comprises the following steps: drying the oil radish stems and leaves under natural conditions or baking the oil radish stems and leaves in an oven at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 20-24h until the water content is 12-15%.

3. The method for improving the root knot nematode resistance of oil radish according to claim 1, characterized in that: concentrating until the solid content accounts for 55-60%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for improving the root-knot nematode resistance efficiency of oil radish, belonging to the technical field of liquid fertilizer preparation.

Background

Root-knot nematodes are considered to be the most invasive plant parasitic nematodes. The fertilizer has strong adaptability, various propagation ways and wide host range, can parasitize more than 3000 plants, has the most serious harm to solanaceae, cucurbitaceae and cruciferous plants, is difficult to radically cure, and seriously damages the agricultural production of main grain crops and economic crops in the world; according to incomplete statistics, crop losses due to root knot nematode damage worldwide can amount to $ 1000 billion per year.

The most common pathogenic species of root-knot nematode infestation in crops are 4 species of southern root-knot nematode (meloidogyne incognita), peanut root-knot nematode (m.arenaria), northern root-knot nematode (m.hapla) and javanica (m.java). They are all distributed worldwide, the proportion of the root-knot nematode-caused crop loss is up to more than 90%, especially the southern root-knot nematode has large generation area and many host varieties, and the harm is the greatest in China.

The oil radish (Raphanus sativus ssp. Oleiferus,2n ═ 18) is a wild species of radish of Brassicaceae, and has excellent properties of resisting root nodule disease, root knot nematode and cyst nematode, resisting drought, cold and acid and alkali, etc. More than 10 places and states in Yunnan province have cultivation and distribution. The oil radish can be used as green manure for curing, improving soil, increasing soil porosity, improving soil fertility and increasing crop yield. Research shows that the oil radish carries resistance genes for resisting cyst nematode and root-knot nematode.

Although the oil radish carries resistance genes for resisting cyst nematodes and root-knot nematodes, the existing application of the oil radish in the aspect of root-knot nematodes is mainly to ferment oil radish straws with other raw materials and strains to prepare a fertilizer, and the effect of resisting the root-knot nematodes is not obvious because the effective components of the oil radish are not high. For decades, the prevention and control of the root-knot nematode disease mainly depends on chemical pesticides, but the long-term use of the root-knot nematode disease causes drug resistance of the root-knot nematode, and the toxicity of the root-knot nematode disease causes harm to human beings and ecology and is prohibited to use, so that the important significance is realized in developing a novel fertilizer which can effectively prevent and control the root-knot nematode disease and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a method for improving the root knot nematode resistance efficiency of oil radish, which specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing oil radish straw powder: picking oil radish stems and leaves after the oil radish is ripe, drying, crushing the oil radish straws by a crusher, and sieving the crushed oil radish straws by a sieve of 150 meshes and 300 meshes to obtain powder for later use.

(2) Adding oil radish straw powder into distilled water according to the proportion of 90-110 g/L, soaking for 45-55 h, performing centrifugal separation, and collecting supernatant.

(3) Concentrating the supernatant obtained in the step (2) to obtain a primary extract; and adding fulvic acid into the primary extract according to the proportion of 100-120 g/L to obtain the final root-knot nematode inhibitor.

Preferably, the drying in step (1) of the present invention is: drying the oil radish stems and leaves under natural conditions or baking the oil radish stems and leaves in an oven at the temperature of 60-70 ℃ for 20-24h until the water content is 12-15%.

Preferably, the concentration process in step (3) of the present invention is: concentrating until the solid content accounts for 55-60%.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the oil radish straw powder is extracted by distilled water and added with fulvic acid, and compared with other using methods of the existing oil radish straw, the effect of root knot nematode resistance is obviously improved.

(2) The fulvic acid is dissolved in water to promote the growth of plants, and can stimulate the plants to generate stress-resistant substances such as stress-resistant protein, proline, soluble sugar and the like, so that the disease and pest resistance of the plants can be improved; is mainly applied to planting tobacco, melons, fruits, vegetables and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows green stalk crushing of oil radish and its refined powder preparation.

FIG. 2 is a picture of a spectrum scanning part of an initial extract of the fine oil radish powder; m is the Maitreya strain; FY: an enriched source strain; c, XY: auspicious cloud strain.

FIG. 3 shows that different species of refined flour of oil radish uses water and ethanol as solvent for primary extraction to inhibit the root-knot nematode egg from hatching M, the Maitreya species; FY: an enriched source strain; XY: auspicious cloud strain.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above description.