阅读说明：本技术 一种提高石油吊卡锻造加工质量的方法 (Method for improving forging processing quality of petroleum elevator ) 是由 张严敬 王学忠 刘和庆 宋承军 刘东启 刘珞 孔雷 于 2020-07-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种提高石油吊卡锻造加工质量的方法,包括锻模制备和吊卡锻造工序；锻模制备工序包括：选取模具坯料进行球化退火处理,然后按照计算机三维建模设计的模腔尺寸对模具坯料进行粗加工,粗加工后二次淬火处理,最后按照设计的模腔尺寸进行数控铣精加工和滚压；吊卡锻造工序包括：选取吊卡坯料进行预热处理,然后将吊卡坯料送往制备的锻模上,进行锻打成型得到吊卡锻件,取出吊卡锻件后冲孔切边,然后将冲孔切边后的锻件正火处理,最后喷丸强化。通过对石油吊卡锻模和制坯过程进行改进,提高了吊卡锻造效率、成型质量,降低企业生产成本；对锻模和吊卡热处理工艺进行优化,提升了锻模使用寿命和石油吊卡综合性能,降低了能耗。(The invention discloses a method for improving the forging processing quality of a petroleum elevator, which comprises the working procedures of forging die preparation and elevator forging; the forging die preparation process comprises the following steps: selecting a die blank to carry out spheroidizing annealing treatment, then carrying out rough machining on the die blank according to the size of a die cavity designed by three-dimensional modeling of a computer, carrying out secondary quenching treatment after the rough machining, and finally carrying out numerical control milling finish machining and rolling according to the designed size of the die cavity; the elevator forging process comprises the following steps: selecting an elevator blank for preheating treatment, then sending the elevator blank onto a prepared forging die, forging and forming to obtain an elevator forge piece, taking out the elevator forge piece, punching and trimming, normalizing the forge piece after punching and trimming, and finally performing shot blasting reinforcement. By improving the forging die and the blank making process of the petroleum elevator, the forging efficiency and the forming quality of the elevator are improved, and the production cost of an enterprise is reduced; the heat treatment process of the forging die and the elevator is optimized, the service life of the forging die and the comprehensive performance of the petroleum elevator are prolonged, and the energy consumption is reduced.)

1. A method for improving the forging processing quality of a petroleum elevator is characterized by comprising the working procedures of forging die preparation and elevator forging;

the forging die preparation process comprises the following steps: selecting a die blank to carry out spheroidizing annealing treatment, then carrying out rough machining on the die blank according to the size of a die cavity designed by three-dimensional modeling of a computer, carrying out secondary quenching treatment after the rough machining, and finally carrying out numerical control milling finish machining and rolling according to the designed size of the die cavity;

the elevator forging process comprises the following steps: selecting an elevator blank for preheating treatment, then sending the elevator blank onto a prepared forging die, forging and forming to obtain an elevator forge piece, taking out the elevator forge piece, punching and trimming, normalizing the forge piece after punching and trimming, and finally performing shot blasting reinforcement.

2. The method for improving the forging processing quality of the petroleum elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spheroidizing annealing process comprises the following steps: putting the mixture into a vacuum furnace, preheating the mixture to 640-660 ℃, preserving the heat for 2-3 h, and then cooling the mixture along with the furnace.

3. The method for improving the forging processing quality of the petroleum elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the secondary quenching treatment process comprises the following steps: putting the mixture into a vacuum furnace, carrying out primary preheating and heat preservation for 4h at 800-850 ℃, carrying out secondary preheating and heat preservation for 4h at 1100 ℃, and carrying out tempering and heat preservation for 8h at 500-550 ℃.

4. The method for improving the forging processing quality of the petroleum elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the normalizing process comprises the following steps: heating to 840-860 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 3-4 h, and air cooling.

5. The method for improving the forging processing quality of the petroleum elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blank temperature is controlled when the elevator blank is forged and formed, the initial forging temperature of the elevator blank is controlled to 1150-1200 ℃, and the final forging temperature is controlled to 900 ℃.

6. The method for improving the forging processing quality of the petroleum elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging die temperature is controlled when the elevator blank is forged and formed, and the forging die temperature is controlled to be between 250 ℃ and 350 ℃ and kept constant.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the elevator blank is preheated in an intermediate frequency furnace, the intermediate frequency furnace being a 750kW intermediate frequency furnace, with a heating cycle time of 30 seconds per piece.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the elevator blank is fed to the forging dies of the press when the elevator blank is preheated to a temperature 50 ℃ above the pre-set forging temperature.

9. The method for improving the forging processing quality of the petroleum elevator according to claim 1, wherein the forging die is made of H13 die steel, and the forging die preparation process comprises the steps of preparing an elevator die for elevator forging forming and a punching and trimming composite die for punching and trimming.

10. The method for improving the forging processing quality of the petroleum elevator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding direction is controlled to be consistent with the metal flowing direction in the numerical control milling finish machining process.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of petroleum elevators, and particularly relates to a method for improving forging processing quality of petroleum elevators.

Background

The elevator is a special tool for lifting or descending a pipe column in petroleum drilling, the elevator comprises an elevator body and lifting lugs, the two lifting lugs are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the elevator body, a U-shaped groove for clamping the pipe column is arranged in the middle of the elevator body, the U-shaped groove is generally deeper to prevent the pipe column from sliding out of the groove to cause safety accidents, meanwhile, the bearing capacity is strong, the structure is simple, the use is convenient, the time consumption of on-site clamping operation is favorably shortened, after long-term tests, the petroleum elevator shown in figure 1 can well meet the requirements, the groove edge of the U-shaped groove of the oil elevator is convexly provided with a flange, the height of the flange is higher than that of the lifting lug, the flange is smoothly transited to the lifting lug, because the petroleum elevator is of a special-shaped structure, in order to improve the integral structural strength of the petroleum elevator, the petroleum elevator can be forged after being integrally formed by punching, but the service life and the production efficiency of a forging die and the elevator prepared by the traditional process method are lower.

Accordingly, further developments and improvements are still needed in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, a method for improving the forging quality of the petroleum elevator has been proposed. The invention provides the following technical scheme:

a method for improving the forging processing quality of a petroleum elevator comprises the working procedures of forging die preparation and elevator forging;

the forging die preparation process comprises the following steps: selecting a die blank to carry out spheroidizing annealing treatment, then carrying out rough machining on the die blank according to the size of a die cavity designed by three-dimensional modeling of a computer, carrying out secondary quenching treatment after the rough machining, and finally carrying out numerical control milling finish machining and rolling according to the designed size of the die cavity;

the elevator forging process comprises the following steps: selecting an elevator blank for preheating treatment, then sending the elevator blank onto a prepared forging die, forging and forming to obtain an elevator forge piece, taking out the elevator forge piece, punching and trimming, normalizing the forge piece after punching and trimming, and finally performing shot blasting reinforcement.

Further, the spheroidizing annealing treatment process comprises the following steps: putting the mixture into a vacuum furnace, preheating the mixture to 640-660 ℃, preserving the heat for 2-3 h, and then cooling the mixture along with the furnace.

Further, the secondary quenching treatment process comprises the following steps: putting the mixture into a vacuum furnace, carrying out primary preheating and heat preservation for 4h at 800-850 ℃, carrying out secondary preheating and heat preservation for 4h at 1100 ℃, and carrying out tempering and heat preservation for 8h at 500-550 ℃.

Further, the normalizing treatment process comprises the following steps: heating to 840-860 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 3-4 h, and air cooling.

Further, the blank temperature control is carried out when the elevator blank is forged and formed, the initial forging temperature of the elevator blank is controlled to 1150-1200 ℃, and the final forging temperature is controlled to 900 ℃.

Further, the forging die temperature is controlled when the elevator blank is forged and formed, and the forging die temperature is controlled to be 250-350 ℃ and kept constant.

Further, the elevator blank is preheated in an intermediate frequency furnace, the intermediate frequency furnace is a 750kW intermediate frequency furnace, and the heating beat is 30 seconds per piece.

Further, the elevator blank is fed to the forging dies of the press when the temperature of the elevator blank pre-heat treatment is 50 ℃ higher than the pre-set forging temperature.

Furthermore, the forging die is made of H13 die steel, and the forging die preparation process comprises the steps of preparing an elevator die for elevator forge piece forming and a punching and trimming composite die for punching and trimming.

Furthermore, the grinding direction and the metal flowing direction are controlled to be consistent in the numerical control milling finish machining process.

Has the advantages that:

by analyzing the quality defects of the petroleum elevator and the die forging products thereof and the failure reasons of the die forging, the die forging and the blank making process of the petroleum elevator are improved, and the forging efficiency and the forming quality of the petroleum elevator are improved; the appearance quality of a forging piece is improved and the service life of the forging die is prolonged by numerical control milling of a die cavity of the forging die, the blanking weight is reduced to 50 Kg/piece from the original 55 Kg/piece, the production quality is ensured, the material cost is saved, and the production cost of an enterprise is reduced; the heat treatment process of the forging die and the elevator workpiece is optimized, the service life of the forging die and the comprehensive performance of the petroleum elevator are prolonged, and the energy consumption is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an elevator configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for improving the forging processing quality of a petroleum elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper die of the elevator die in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lower mold structure of an elevator mold in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a punching and trimming composite die in an embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings: 101. lifting lugs; a U-shaped slot 102; 103. a flange.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the following description of the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention is made clearly and completely, and other similar embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. in the following embodiments are directions with reference to the drawings only, and thus, the directional terms are used for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention.

As shown in figure 1, the elevator comprises an elevator body and lifting lugs 101, wherein the two lifting lugs 101 are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the elevator body, a U-shaped groove 102 for clamping a pipe column is formed in the middle of the elevator body, the groove edge of the U-shaped groove 102 of the elevator is convexly provided to form a flange 103, the height of the flange 103 is higher than that of the lifting lug 101, and the flange 103 is in smooth transition to the lifting lug 101.