阅读说明：本技术 一种气动永磁步进马达 (Pneumatic permanent magnet stepping motor ) 是由 杜东 于 2020-03-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种气动永磁步进马达,包括外壳,用于支撑全部零件；三个(ABC)相间120～(o),带磁性矩形齿,由气缸驱动的定子滑块,其可沿马达径向移动；一个外缘有一圈矩形齿的转子；三个单电阀,分别控制相应的气缸；六个磁性开关分别感知相应气缸活塞杆的位置；当气缸A伸出时,气缸B和C保持在退回位置,A相定子矩形齿贴近、对齐、吸住转子矩形齿,此时,B相定子矩形齿与转子矩形齿差1/3齿,C相定子矩形齿与转子矩形齿差2/3齿；然后,气缸B伸出,气缸A退回,B相1/3齿差被吸引对齐,C相由2/3齿差变成1/3；然后气缸C伸出,A相1/3齿差被吸引对齐；按照ABC顺序依次使活塞伸出,马达就会旋转起来；该马达有自由和制动两种停止状态,制动不需要电流,不会发热。(A pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor comprises a housing for supporting all parts; three (ABC) phases 120 o The stator sliding block is provided with magnetic rectangular teeth and driven by the cylinder, and can move along the radial direction of the motor; a rotor with a circle of rectangular teeth on the outer edge; three single electrovalves for controlling the corresponding cylinders respectively; the six magnetic switches respectively sense the positions of the piston rods of the corresponding cylinders; when the cylinder A extends, the cylinders B and C are kept at the retraction positions, the rectangular teeth of the stator of the phase A are close to, aligned with and suck the rectangular teeth of the rotor, at the moment, the rectangular teeth of the stator of the phase B are 1/3 teeth different from the rectangular teeth of the rotor, and the rectangular teeth of the stator of the phase C are 2/3 teeth different from the rectangular teeth of the rotor; then, the air cylinder B extends, the air cylinder A retracts, the B phase 1/3 tooth difference is attracted and aligned, and the C phase is changed from 2/3 tooth difference to 1/3; then the cylinder C extends out, and the A phase 1/3 tooth difference is attracted and aligned; the pistons are extended in sequence according to the ABC sequence, and the motor is startedWill rotate up; the motor has two stop states of free and braking, and the braking does not need current and does not generate heat.)

1. The invention of claim 1 is a pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor comprising a stator, a rotor, three double acting single rod cylinders, three single electrovalves, two magnetic switches per cylinder housing.

2. A pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor as defined in claim 1, wherein: the stator of the motor is composed of three groups of sliding blocks, the sliding blocks are provided with rectangular teeth and are made of aluminum-iron-boron strong magnetic materials.

3. A pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor as defined in claim 1, wherein: the stator slide block of the motor is driven by the cylinder and can move back and forth along the radial direction, namely close to or far away from the rotor, so that the strength or the existence of a stator magnetic field of a certain phase is realized.

4. A pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor as defined in claim 1, wherein: the motor is driven by 6bar compressed air, and strong magnetic field energy is pried by small compressed air energy.

5. A pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor as defined in claim 1, wherein: although the attraction between the stator and the rotor of the stepping motor is magnetic force, the cylinder drives the magnetic stator slide block to move along the radial direction to be close to or far away from the rotor instead of the electromagnetic force generated by the stator coil of the traditional stepping motor, so that the strength and the existence of a magnetic field are realized.

6. A pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor as defined in claim 1, wherein: the motion of three cylinders on the stator of the motor is automatically controlled by a gas circuit consisting of three single-electric valves and six magnetic switches, and the rotating speed of the motor is in direct proportion to the motion speed of the three cylinders, namely the pressure and the flow of compressed air.

7. A pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor as defined in claim 1, wherein: when the cylinder A extends out, the cylinders B and C keep returning, and under the action of strong magnetic force, the rectangular teeth of the A-phase stator slide block are close to and aligned with the rectangular teeth of the rotor; meanwhile, the rectangular teeth of the stator of the phase B are 1/3 teeth different from the rectangular teeth of the rotor, and the rectangular teeth of the stator of the phase C are 2/3 teeth different from the rectangular teeth of the rotor.

8. Similarly, when the B-phase cylinder extends out, the upper and lower teeth of the B-phase cylinder are automatically aligned, the difference between the upper and lower teeth of the C-phase cylinder is 1/3 teeth, and the difference between the upper and lower teeth of the A-phase cylinder is 2/3 teeth; similarly, when the C-phase cylinder extends out, the upper and lower teeth of the C-phase cylinder are automatically aligned, the difference between the upper and lower teeth of the A-phase cylinder is 1/3 teeth, and the difference between the upper and lower teeth of the B-phase cylinder is 2/3 teeth; if three phase cylinders are arranged to extend in the ABCA sequence, the rotor of the motor will rotate clockwise.

9. If the rotor has 36 teeth, the motor will rotate through an angle of one tooth, i.e. 10, each ABC cycle^oOne revolution requires 36 ABC cycles.

10. A pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor as defined in claim 1, wherein: because the short stroke cylinder consumes low energy, the aluminum-iron-boron strong magnetic field does not need to consume energy.

11. A pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor as defined in claim 1, wherein: the motor does not need full current or half current during braking, can brake for a long time and does not generate heat.

12. A pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor as defined in claim 1, wherein: the motor does not generate heat during braking, and is suitable for low-speed and large-torque driving occasions.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of power machinery, in particular to a pneumatic permanent magnet stepping motor.

Background

China is a rare earth big country, common products related to rare earth comprise an aluminum-iron-boron permanent strong magnet, a strong magnetic field can be generated without electricity, the resource is precious, however, the technology and the products for developing and utilizing the resource are still in the initial stage, and the common products only comprise permanent magnet motors, brushless motors, vector motors and the like. In order to develop the application of the permanent strong Al-Fe-B magnet, a new application method is explored, and on the basis of the traditional stepping motor, the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil is replaced by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. Thus, the electric energy of the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil can be saved. The permanent strong magnets of aluminum, iron and boron of the cold ice are indirectly converted into energy, and the energy utilization level of China is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In the technical scheme, the pneumatic permanent magnet stepping motor comprises a stator for supporting all parts, and the inner ring of the stator is provided with 120 phases^oThree groups (A, B, C) of rectangular tooth stators capable of moving along the radial direction, called stator sliders for short, and made of aluminum-iron-boron high-strength magnets; a rotor having a ring of rectangular teeth on its outer periphery, the teeth being identical to the teeth of the stator; the end part of a piston rod of each cylinder is connected with a stator slide block of a corresponding phase; three single electrovalves for controlling the corresponding cylinders respectively; each cylinder shell is provided with two magnetic switches for sensing the extending position and the retreating position of the piston rod; when the A-phase cylinder extends out completely, the rectangular teeth of the stator sliding block are close to the rectangular teeth of the rotor, and the rectangular teeth on the nearby rotor are aligned with the rectangular teeth under the action of strong magnetic force; meanwhile, the B-phase cylinder and the C-phase cylinder are kept at the retreated positions, the B-phase stator rectangular teeth and the rotor rectangular teeth are 1/3 teeth in difference, and the C-phase stator rectangular teeth and the rotor rectangular teeth are 2/3 teeth in difference. Similarly, B or C can also make the motor rotate continuously as long as the pistons extend out in sequence according to the ABC sequence and are close to the rotor. In a conventional stator, teeth of respective phases are fixed, and magnetic field or no magnetic field is realized by powering on and powering off windings of the respective phases. In the technical scheme, the core technology is mainly embodied in the permanent magnet type stator sliding block, namely, the purpose of no magnetic field is achieved by a method of enabling the permanent magnet type stator sliding block to be close to or far away from the rotor. The high-strength magnetic field of the aluminum-iron-boron permanent magnet can achieve the effect of the electromagnet by only adjusting the distance of the magnet under the condition of not consuming electric energy, so that the aim of increasing the size can be achieved, a large amount of energy is saved, and the invention belongs to a green and environment-friendly project.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

1. the excitation coil is omitted, so that an excitation power supply is omitted, and energy is saved;

2. china is a big rare earth country, and the rare earth is a raw material of the aluminum-iron-boron permanent magnet, so that the research on the application technology and the product of the high-strength magnet are very meaningful, and a large amount of energy can be saved for China;

3. the invention creates a new driving method of the stepping horse;

4. the invention provides a method for controlling a magnetic field, namely the strength or the existence of the magnetic field can be reached through the movement of the magnet, so that the strength or the existence of the electromagnetic field is replaced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a drawing of the abstract of the specification, namely the general assembly of a pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor;

fig. 2 is a left side view of an air-powered permanent magnet stepper motor of the present invention.

In figure 1, a phase 1-A assembly, a phase 2-air nozzle, a phase 3-air cylinder, a phase 4-magnetic piston, a piston rod 5-a stator rectangular tooth 6-a rotor rectangular tooth 7-a rotor rectangular tooth 8-a motor shell 9-a rotor, a phase 10-C assembly and a phase 11-B assembly are arranged.

Detailed Description

As shown in FIG. 1, a pneumatic permanent magnet stepper motor consists essentially of a housing or stator (8) for supporting all the components and having three phases (A, B, C) 120 apart in its inner race^oThe stator rectangular tooth (6) is made of aluminum-iron-boron materials, the magnetic field intensity of the stator rectangular tooth (6) is very strong, the rectangular tooth (6) is connected with a cylinder piston rod and moves along the radial direction, a stator sliding block is called as a stator sliding block for short, when the piston rod extends out completely, the stator sliding block is close to the rotor rectangular tooth (7), the gap between the stator sliding block and the rotor rectangular tooth is only 0.1mm, when the cylinder piston rod retracts, the stator sliding block is driven to be far away from the rotor rectangular tooth (7), and therefore the fact that a strong magnetic field exists near the rotor rectangular tooth (7) or the rotor rectangular tooth does not have the change of the strong magnetic field is achieved. The tooth widths of the stator and the rotor can be divided by 3, the duty ratio is 1:1, and the position of the rectangular tooth (6) of the three-phase stator and the position of the rectangular tooth (7) of the rotor meet the 1/3 tooth pitch requirement. The working principle of the pneumatic permanent magnet stepping motor of the invention is as follows: if the piston rod of the A-phase cylinder extends out completely, the upper and lower teeth of the rotor rectangular tooth (7) are aligned automatically under the action of the strong magnetic field of the stator rectangular tooth (6). At the moment, the B-phase rotor rectangular teeth (7) are 1/3 teeth different from the stator rectangular teeth (6), and the C-phase rotor rectangular teeth (7) are 2/3 teeth different from the stator rectangular teeth (6); in the same way, when the piston rod of the B-phase cylinder is completely extendedWhen the rotor is out of service, the upper and lower teeth of the rotor rectangular teeth (7) are automatically aligned under the action of the strong magnetic field of the stator rectangular teeth (6). At the moment, the C-phase rotor rectangular tooth (7) is 1/3 tooth pitches different from the stator rectangular tooth (6), and the A-phase rotor rectangular tooth (7) is 2/3 teeth different from the stator rectangular tooth (6); in a similar way, when the piston rod of the C-phase cylinder extends out completely, the rotor rectangular teeth (7) are aligned automatically with the upper teeth and the lower teeth under the action of the stator rectangular teeth (6) in the strong magnetic field. At the moment, the A-phase rotor rectangular teeth (7) are 1/3 teeth different from the stator rectangular teeth (6), and the B-phase rotor rectangular teeth (7) are 2/3 teeth different from the stator rectangular teeth (6); if three phase cylinder piston rods are arranged to extend fully in the ABCA sequence, the rotor of the motor will rotate clockwise. If the rotor has 36 teeth, the motor will rotate through an angle of one tooth, i.e. 10, each ABC cycle^oOne revolution requires 36 ABC cycles. The motor rotation speed is proportional to the three cylinder movement speed, i.e. to the pressure and flow of compressed air supplied to the cylinders. The three single electrovalves respectively control the extension or retraction of the corresponding cylinders; each cylinder shell is provided with two magnetic switches for sensing the extending position and the retreating position of the piston; the air circuit is composed of three air cylinders, three single electric valves, six magnetic switches and a plurality of pneumatic switches, and can automatically complete the continuous sequential actions of the three air cylinders, so that the continuous operation of the motor is realized.

While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.