阅读说明：本技术 低黄曲霉素花生油生产工艺 (Production process of low-aflatoxin peanut oil ) 是由 徐纯伟 梁智博 谢均 于 2019-05-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种低黄曲霉素花生油生产工艺,属于花生油生产技术领域,包括步骤：花生预处理,去除未成熟粒、破损粒,霉变粒、虫蛀粒及杂物；将花生破成两瓣,脱去花生表面的红皮,将破瓣的花生肉和红皮分离；将破瓣的花生肉在蒸炒锅内蒸成半熟；对蒸成半熟的花生肉进行炒制；炒制后进行压榨；将压榨的花生油中加入硅藻土,再送入陶瓷膜中进行过滤脱胶处理；脱胶花生油进行真空脱臭处理。采用本发明低黄曲霉素花生油生产工艺制得的花生油具有香气浓郁、黄曲霉素含量低的优点。此外,该工艺过程操作简便,有利于提高生产效率。(The invention provides a production process of low-aflatoxin peanut oil, belonging to the technical field of peanut oil production, and comprising the following steps: pretreating peanuts, and removing immature grains, damaged grains, mildewed grains, worm-eaten grains and impurities; breaking the peanut into two halves, removing red skin on the surface of the peanut, and separating the peanut meat and the red skin of the broken halves; steaming the shelled peanut meat in a steaming and frying pan to be half-cooked; frying the half-cooked peanut meat; frying and squeezing; adding diatomite into the squeezed peanut oil, and then sending the peanut oil into a ceramic membrane for filtering and degumming; and performing vacuum deodorization treatment on the degummed peanut oil. The peanut oil prepared by the low-aflatoxin peanut oil production process has the advantages of strong fragrance and low aflatoxin content. In addition, the technological process is simple and convenient to operate, and the production efficiency is improved.)

1. The production process of the low-aflatoxin peanut oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:

firstly, preprocessing peanuts, and removing immature grains, damaged grains, mildewed grains, worm-eaten grains and sundries;

secondly, breaking the peanuts into two halves, removing red skins on the surfaces of the peanuts, and separating the peanut meat and the red skins of the broken halves;

thirdly, steaming the shelled peanut meat into half cooked peanut meat in a steaming and frying pan;

fourthly, frying the half-cooked peanut meat;

the fifth step, squeezing;

sixthly, adding diatomite into the peanut oil obtained in the fifth step, and then sending the peanut oil into a ceramic membrane for filtering and degumming;

and seventhly, performing vacuum deodorization treatment on the degummed peanut oil.

2. The process for producing peanut oil with low aflatoxin according to claim 1, wherein the second step and the third step further comprise the step of sorting the peanut meat with broken segments by a color sorter to remove mildewed grains and worm-eaten grains, so that the mildewed grains and the worm-eaten grains which cannot be removed in the first step due to the mildewing inside the peanuts are removed.

3. The production process of the low aflatoxin peanut oil of claim 1, wherein in the first step, a screening machine is adopted to remove the immature grains and the broken grains.

4. The production process of the low aflatoxin peanut oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, a color sorter is adopted to remove mildewed particles, worm-eaten particles and impurities.

5. The production process of the low aflatoxin peanut oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the rotating speed of the stirring blades of the steaming and frying pan is 18HZ-22HZ, the temperature is 90-120 ℃, the time is 10-20 minutes, and the steam pressure is 0.1MPa-0.2 MPa.

6. The production process of the low aflatoxin peanut oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, a seed frying machine is adopted for frying, the temperature is 130-150 ℃, and the time is 15-20 minutes.

7. The production process of the low aflatoxin peanut oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, a small peanut oil press is adopted for pressing, the temperature is controlled to be 110-130 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 10-20 rpm, so as to obtain the virgin peanut crude oil.

8. The process for producing the low aflatoxin peanut oil of claim 1 wherein in the fifth step, a type 95 screw press is used for pressing.

9. The production process of the low aflatoxin peanut oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the adding amount of the diatomite is 1-2% of the weight of the filtered crude oil, the cut-off molecular weight of the ceramic membrane is 20000-40000 Da, the filtering temperature is 10-28 ℃, and the filtering pressure is 0.3-0.4 MPa.

10. The production process of the low aflatoxin peanut oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the seventh step, the vacuum degree in the vacuum deodorization treatment is 0.08Mpa, the temperature of the feed liquid is 140-160 ℃, and the treatment time is 0.5-1 hour.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of peanut oil production, and particularly relates to a production process of low-aflatoxin peanut oil.

Background

The hot air baking is a key process for producing the fragrant peanut oil, and the generation of the fragrance of the peanut oil has a direct relation with the baking and frying temperature. The temperature is too low, and the fragrance is weak; too high a temperature, the oil is easily burnt. The frying temperature is generally controlled to be 180-200 ℃. In order to prevent the oil from being lakes and spontaneous combustion, the heat should be dissipated and the temperature should be reduced immediately after the stir-frying. But can result in the production of harmful substances including aflatoxin and the like during processing.

Aflatoxins (Aflatoxin, abbreviated as AFT) are a class of toxic secondary metabolites produced primarily by aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus. To date, aflatoxins have been found to comprise at least 17 structurally similar, well-characterized compounds of aflatoxins B1, B2, and the like. It has strong mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic effects, wherein aflatoxin B1 has the strongest toxicity, 10 times of potassium cyanide and 68 times of arsenic, and is listed as one of the known strongest carcinogenic chemicals by the world health organization. Peanuts are one of the crops most susceptible to aspergillus flavus infection, and the main factor affecting the quality of peanut oil using peanuts as a raw material for production is also aflatoxin. The national control on the content of aflatoxin in grain and oil products is very strict. However, the content of aflatoxin in the freshly squeezed peanut oil is often higher, and the requirements of domestic eating or export cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a production process of low-aflatoxin peanut oil, which can further reduce the content of aflatoxin, improve the fragrance of oil products, and has the advantages of simple operation and higher production efficiency.

The technical solution scheme involved in the invention is as follows:

a production process of low-aflatoxin peanut oil comprises the following steps:

firstly, preprocessing peanuts, and removing immature grains, damaged grains, mildewed grains, worm-eaten grains and sundries;

secondly, breaking the peanuts into two halves, removing red skins on the surfaces of the peanuts, and separating the peanut meat and the red skins of the broken halves;

thirdly, steaming the shelled peanut meat into half cooked peanut meat in a steaming and frying pan;

fourthly, frying the half-cooked peanut meat;

the fifth step, squeezing;

sixthly, adding diatomite into the peanut oil obtained in the fifth step, and then sending the peanut oil into a ceramic membrane for filtering and degumming;

and seventhly, performing vacuum deodorization treatment on the degummed peanut oil.

Furthermore, the step of sorting the peanut meat with broken segments by a color sorter to remove mildewed grains and worm-eaten grains is also included between the second step and the third step, so that the mildewed grains and the worm-eaten grains which cannot be removed in the first step due to the internal mildewing of the peanuts are removed.

Further, in the first step, immature grains and broken grains are removed by a screening machine.

Furthermore, in the first step, a color sorter is adopted to remove mildewed particles, worm-eaten particles and impurities.

Furthermore, in the third step, the rotating speed of the stirring blades of the steaming and frying pan is 18HZ-22HZ, the temperature is 90-120 ℃, the time is 10-20 minutes, and the steam pressure is 0.1-0.2 Mpa.

Further, in the fourth step, a seed frying machine is adopted for frying, the temperature is 130-150 ℃, and the time is 15-20 minutes.

And further, in the fifth step, a small peanut oil press is used for pressing, the temperature is controlled to be 110-130 ℃, the rotating speed of a screw is 10-20 r/min, and the virgin crude peanut oil is obtained.

Further, in the fifth step, a screw press of type 95 is used for pressing.

Further, in the sixth step, the adding amount of the diatomite is 1-2% of the weight of the filtered crude oil, the cut-off molecular weight of the ceramic membrane is 20000-40000 Da, the filtering temperature is 10-28 ℃, and the filtering pressure is 0.3-0.4 Mpa.

Further, in the seventh step, the vacuum degree in the vacuum deodorization treatment is 0.08Mpa, the material liquid temperature is 140-160 ℃, and the treatment time is 0.5-1 hour.

The invention adopts the process of breaking the peanut into two halves, removing the red skin on the surface of the peanut and separating the peanut meat and the red skin of the broken halves, thereby effectively reducing the content of the aflatoxin B1. The process of steaming the shelled peanut meat into half-cooked peanut meat in a steaming and frying pan is adopted, so that the fragrant substances such as 2, 5-dimethyl pyrazine and the like are effectively released, and the fragrance is improved. In addition, the technological process is simple and convenient to operate, and the production efficiency is improved.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.