阅读说明：本技术 一种柴油机高效高紧凑换气系统 (Efficient high-compactness air exchange system of diesel engine ) 是由 张翔宇 黄树和 张明贺 李研芳 徐洋 曹斯琦 胡胜伟 于 2020-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种柴油机高效高紧凑换气系统,包括凸轮轴及缸盖；凸轮轴上设有进气沟槽凸轮及排气沟槽凸轮；缸盖内设有进气道及排气道,进气道与排气道之间设有用于连通的通道。本发明一种柴油机高效高紧凑换气系统,通过控制进气沟槽凸轮、排气沟槽凸轮、进气气门凸轮及排气气门凸轮,可以实现第一空气腔、第二空气腔、进气道、排气道及发动机气缸之间的通断,实现气道喉口流通面积翻倍,有效提高发动机充气效率和流通能力,最终提升发动机性能。(The invention provides a high-efficiency, high-compactness and air-exchange system of a diesel engine, which comprises a camshaft and a cylinder cover; the camshaft is provided with an air inlet groove cam and an air outlet groove cam; an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel are arranged in the cylinder cover, and a channel used for communicating is arranged between the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel. According to the efficient high-compactness air exchange system of the diesel engine, the air inlet groove cam, the air outlet groove cam, the air inlet valve cam and the air outlet valve cam are controlled, so that the connection and disconnection among the first air cavity, the second air cavity, the air inlet channel, the air outlet channel and an engine cylinder can be realized, the throat opening flow area of the air channel is doubled, the air charging efficiency and the flow capacity of the engine are effectively improved, and the performance of the engine is finally improved.)

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient high compact air exchange system of diesel engine which characterized in that: comprises a camshaft (1) and a cylinder cover (15); an air inlet groove cam (3) and an exhaust groove cam (4) are arranged on the camshaft (1); an air inlet channel (13) and an air outlet channel (7) are arranged in the cylinder cover (15), and a channel (10) for communicating is arranged between the air inlet channel (13) and the air outlet channel (7);

an air inlet control valve (14) is sleeved on a valve rod of the air inlet valve (11); the bottom of the air inlet control valve (14), the throat of the air inlet channel (13) and the valve at the bottom of the air inlet valve (11) form a first air cavity (12); the top of the air inlet control valve (14) moves up and down along the groove track of the air inlet groove cam (3); an air inlet valve cam (2) is arranged on the camshaft (1), and when the air inlet valve cam (2) is contacted with the top of the air inlet valve (11), an air valve at the bottom end of the air inlet valve (11) leaves a throat of the air inlet channel (13);

an exhaust control valve (6) is sleeved on a valve rod of the exhaust valve (9); the bottom of the exhaust control valve (6), the throat of the exhaust passage (7) and the valve at the bottom of the exhaust valve (9) form a second air cavity (8), and the top of the exhaust control valve (6) moves up and down along the groove track of the exhaust groove cam (4); an exhaust valve cam (21) is arranged on the camshaft (1), and when the exhaust valve cam (21) is contacted with the top of the exhaust valve (9), a valve at the bottom end of the exhaust valve (9) leaves a throat of the exhaust passage (7).

2. A highly efficient and compact ventilation system for diesel engines according to claim 1, characterized in that: a valve spring (5) for resetting is sleeved on a valve rod between the top of the intake valve (11) and the top of the intake control valve (14); and a valve spring (5) for resetting is sleeved on a valve rod between the top of the exhaust valve (9) and the top of the exhaust control valve (6).

3. A highly efficient and compact ventilation system for diesel engines according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper edge of the air valve at the bottom end of the air inlet valve (11) is in conical sealing fit with the lower edge of the throat opening of the air inlet channel (13); the upper edge of the air valve at the bottom end of the exhaust valve (9) is in conical sealing fit with the lower edge of the throat opening of the exhaust passage (7).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency, high-compactness and air exchange system of a diesel engine.

Background

Internal combustion engines are still the prime mover with the highest thermal efficiency and the largest power per unit volume and weight, and have wide application, however, with the gradual shortage of world energy and the continuous deterioration of environmental resources, the internal combustion engines are required to meet more strict oil consumption standards and emission regulations.

In order to realize higher thermal efficiency, the geometric compression is set to be higher, a cylinder cover bottom plate is difficult to be set into a ridge shape like a gasoline engine, along with the further improvement of the engine power, the engine needs more air input, but the air passages are all in a tapered opening shape at present and are limited by the throat opening area of the air passages, the air inlet and exhaust resistance is large, the circulation capacity is limited, and the problem of power and thermal efficiency improvement is restricted, so that the inflation efficiency of the engine is improved as much as possible under the condition of large-flow air inlet at high rotating speed, the ventilation loss is reduced, the combustion process is further optimized, the engine performance is improved, and the problem which needs to be solved urgently in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a high-efficiency, high-compactness and ventilation system for a diesel engine, which can realize the on-off of a first air cavity, a second air cavity, an air inlet channel, an air exhaust channel and an engine cylinder by controlling an air inlet groove cam, an air exhaust groove cam, an air inlet valve cam and an air exhaust valve cam, so as to realize the doubling of the flow area of the throat of the air channel, effectively improve the air charging efficiency and the flow capacity of the engine, and finally improve the performance of the engine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a high-efficiency, high-compactness and air-exchange system of a diesel engine comprises a camshaft and a cylinder cover; the camshaft is provided with an air inlet groove cam and an air outlet groove cam; an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel are arranged in the cylinder cover, and a channel for communicating is arranged between the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel;

an air inlet control valve is sleeved on a valve rod of the inlet valve; the bottom of the air inlet control valve, the throat of the air inlet channel and the air valve at the bottom of the air inlet valve form a first air cavity; the top of the air inlet control valve moves up and down along the groove track of the air inlet groove cam; an air inlet valve cam is arranged on the cam shaft, and when the air inlet valve cam is contacted with the top of the air inlet valve, the air valve at the bottom end of the air inlet valve leaves the throat of the air inlet channel;

an exhaust control valve is sleeved on a valve rod of the exhaust valve; the bottom of the exhaust control valve, the throat of the exhaust passage and the air valve at the bottom of the exhaust valve form a second air cavity, and the top of the exhaust control valve moves up and down along the groove track of the exhaust groove cam; an exhaust valve cam is arranged on the camshaft, and when the exhaust valve cam is contacted with the top of the exhaust valve, the valve at the bottom end of the exhaust valve leaves the throat of the exhaust passage.

Further, a valve spring for resetting is sleeved on the valve rod between the top of the inlet valve and the top of the air inlet control valve; and a valve spring for resetting is sleeved on the valve rod between the top of the exhaust valve and the top of the air control valve.

Furthermore, the upper edge of the air valve at the bottom end of the air inlet valve is in conical shape sealing fit with the lower edge of the throat opening of the air inlet channel; the upper edge of the air valve at the bottom end of the exhaust valve is in conical sealing fit with the lower edge of the throat opening of the exhaust passage.

Compared with the prior art, the efficient, high-compactness and air exchange system of the diesel engine has the following advantages:

according to the efficient high-compactness air exchange system of the diesel engine, the air inlet groove cam, the air outlet groove cam, the air inlet valve cam and the air outlet valve cam are controlled, so that the connection and disconnection among the first air cavity, the second air cavity, the air inlet channel, the air outlet channel and an engine cylinder can be realized, the throat opening flow area of the air channel is doubled, the air charging efficiency and the flow capacity of the engine are effectively improved, and the performance of the engine is finally improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention when a valve of the highly efficient and compact ventilation system is closed;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an efficient, highly compact ventilation system of a diesel engine according to an embodiment of the present invention during engine air intake;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the efficient, highly compact ventilation system of a diesel engine during engine exhaust according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a camshaft; 2-intake valve cam; 21-exhaust valve cam; 3-intake groove cam; 4-exhaust groove cam; 5-a valve spring; 6-an exhaust control valve; 7-an exhaust passage; 8-a second air cavity; 9-an exhaust valve; 10-channel; 11-an intake valve; 12-a first air chamber; 13-an air inlet channel; 14-an intake control valve; 15-cylinder cover.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a high-efficiency, high-compactness ventilation system for a diesel engine comprises a camshaft 1 and a cylinder cover 15; an air inlet groove cam 3 and an air outlet groove cam 4 are arranged on the camshaft 1; an air inlet channel 13 and an air outlet channel 7 are arranged in the cylinder cover 15, and a channel 10 for communication is arranged between the air inlet channel 13 and the air outlet channel 7;

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an intake control valve 14 is fitted over a stem of the intake valve 11; the bottom of the air inlet control valve 14, the throat of the air inlet channel 13 and the air valve at the bottom of the air inlet valve 11 form a first air cavity 12; the top of the air inlet control valve 14 moves up and down along the groove track of the air inlet groove cam 3; an air inlet valve cam 2 is arranged on the camshaft 1, and when the air inlet valve cam 2 is contacted with the top of the air inlet valve 11, an air valve at the bottom end of the air inlet valve 11 is separated from a throat of the air inlet channel 13;

as shown in fig. 1-3, an exhaust control valve 6 is fitted over the stem of the exhaust valve 9; the bottom of the exhaust control valve 6, the throat of the exhaust passage 7 and the air valve at the bottom of the exhaust valve 9 form a second air cavity 8, and the top of the exhaust control valve 6 moves up and down along the groove track of the exhaust groove cam 4; an exhaust valve cam 21 is arranged on the camshaft 1, and when the exhaust valve cam 21 is contacted with the top of the exhaust valve 9, the valve at the bottom end of the exhaust valve 9 leaves the throat of the exhaust passage 7.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a valve spring 5 for resetting is sleeved on the valve rod between the top of the intake valve 11 and the top of the intake control valve 14; a valve spring 5 for resetting is sleeved on the valve rod between the top of the exhaust valve 9 and the top of the exhaust control valve 6.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the upper edge of the air valve at the bottom end of the air inlet valve 11 is in conical shape sealing fit with the lower edge of the throat of the air inlet channel 13; the upper edge of the air valve at the bottom end of the exhaust valve 9 is in conical sealing fit with the lower edge of the throat of the exhaust passage 7.

In this embodiment:

as shown in fig. 1, the valve-closed state:

at this time, the intake valve cam 2 is not in contact with the top of the intake valve 11, the exhaust valve cam 21 is not in contact with the top of the exhaust valve 9, the groove of the intake groove cam 3 does not control the top of the intake control valve 14 to move upwards, the groove of the exhaust groove cam 4 does not control the top of the exhaust control valve 6 to move upwards, the intake valve 11 and the intake control valve 14 are only acted by the valve spring 5, the exhaust valve 9 and the exhaust control valve 6 are only acted by the valve spring 5, at this time, the intake valve 11 and the exhaust valve 9 are both in a closed state, the intake passage 13 and the first air chamber 12 are in a disconnected state, and the exhaust passage 7 and the second air chamber 8.

As shown in fig. 2, the engineIntake airThe state is as follows:

along with the rotation of the camshaft 1, the intake valve cam 2 is contacted with the top of the intake valve 11, the exhaust valve cam 21 is contacted with the top of the exhaust valve 9, the acting force of the valve spring 5 is overcome, the intake valve 11 and the exhaust valve 9 are driven to move downwards, and the intake valve 11 and the exhaust valve 9 are both opened; at the moment, the groove of the air inlet groove cam 3 controls the top of the air inlet control valve 14 to move upwards, the groove of the exhaust groove cam 4 does not control the top of the exhaust control valve 6 to move upwards, the air inlet channel 13 and the first air cavity 12 are in a communicated state, fresh air in the air inlet channel 13 partially enters a cylinder of the engine through the first air cavity 12 and the opened air inlet valve 11, and the other partially enters the second air cavity 8 through the channel 10 and enters the cylinder of the engine through the opened exhaust valve 9, so that the throat opening flow area of an air passage can be effectively increased, and the air charging efficiency of the engine is improved.

As shown in fig. 3, the engineExhaust of gasesThe state is as follows:

along with the continuous rotation of the camshaft 1, the top of the air inlet control valve 14 is controlled by the groove of the air inlet groove cam 3 to move upwards, the top of the exhaust control valve 6 is controlled by the groove of the exhaust groove cam 4 to move upwards, the exhaust passage 7 and the second air chamber 8 are in a communicated state at the moment, one part of waste gas is exhausted through the second air chamber 8 through the exhaust passage 7, the other part of waste gas enters the first air chamber 12, enters the second air chamber 8 through the channel 10 and is finally exhausted through the exhaust passage 7, the throat opening flow area of the air passage can be effectively increased, and the gas circulation efficiency of the engine is effectively improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.