阅读说明：本技术 一种两位五通阀油口换接结构 (Oil port switching structure of two-position five-way valve ) 是由 孙坚 景军清 范建强 戚振红 韩子龙 徐�明 于 2020-09-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公布一种两位五通阀油口换接结构,属于液压阀技术领域。阀体阀芯孔中安装有阀芯；阀体阀芯孔左端安装有左液控接头,阀体阀芯孔右端安装有右液控接头,阀芯右端与右液控接头之间安装有弹簧；阀体上由左至右依次开设有油口A、油口B、油口E、油口C、油口D；阀芯上由左至右依次开设有第一沟槽、第二沟槽、第三沟槽、第四沟槽、第五沟槽。本发明能够实现传统需要多个换向阀进行组合才能实现的油路形式,其等效油口换接原理和液压阀油路机能具有创新性,其结构实现形式简单、安全、可靠,通过螺纹连接方式,方便后期维护更换,为液压阀设计人员提供一种新型液压阀油路机能形式和结构实现形式。(The invention discloses a two-position five-way valve oil port switching structure, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic valves. A valve core is arranged in the valve core hole of the valve body; the left end of the valve core hole of the valve body is provided with a left hydraulic control joint, the right end of the valve core hole of the valve body is provided with a right hydraulic control joint, and a spring is arranged between the right end of the valve core and the right hydraulic control joint; the valve body is sequentially provided with an oil port A, an oil port B, an oil port E, an oil port C and an oil port D from left to right; a first groove, a second groove, a third groove, a fourth groove and a fifth groove are sequentially formed in the valve core from left to right. The hydraulic valve oil circuit can realize the traditional oil circuit form which can be realized only by combining a plurality of reversing valves, the equivalent oil port switching principle and the hydraulic valve oil circuit function are innovative, the structural realization form is simple, safe and reliable, the later maintenance and replacement are convenient through a threaded connection mode, and a novel hydraulic valve oil circuit function form and a novel hydraulic valve oil circuit structure realization form are provided for hydraulic valve designers.)

1. A two-position five-way valve oil port switching structure comprises a valve body (5), wherein a valve core hole penetrating through the valve body (5) is formed in the valve body (5), and a valve core (3) is installed in the valve core hole of the valve body (5); the method is characterized in that: the left end of the valve core hole of the valve body (5) is provided with a left hydraulic control joint (1), the right end of the valve core hole of the valve body (5) is provided with a right hydraulic control joint (9), and a spring (8) is arranged between the right end of the valve core (3) and the right hydraulic control joint (9); the valve body (5) is sequentially provided with an oil port A, an oil port B, an oil port E, an oil port C and an oil port D from left to right; a first groove, a second groove, a third groove, a fourth groove and a fifth groove are sequentially formed in the valve core (3) from left to right;

when the left end of the valve core (3) abuts against the left hydraulic control joint (1), the oil port A, the oil port B and the oil port E are communicated with the second groove; the oil port C and the oil port D are communicated with the fourth groove;

when the right end of the valve core (3) abuts against the right hydraulic control joint (9), the oil port B is communicated with the second groove, the oil port C is communicated with the third groove, and the oil port E is communicated with the second groove and the third groove; the oil port A and the oil port D are cut off.

2. The oil port switching structure of the two-position five-way valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the left hydraulic control joint (1) is installed at the left end of a valve core hole of the valve body (5) through threaded connection, and a left O-shaped ring (2) is installed between the left hydraulic control joint (1) and the valve core hole of the valve body (5).

3. The oil port switching structure of the two-position five-way valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the left hydraulic control joint (1) is provided with an oil through hole in the axis, the left end of the valve core (3) is provided with an oil through blind hole opposite to the oil through hole of the left hydraulic control joint (1), and the circumferential surface of the left end of the valve core (3) is provided with an oil overflow hole communicated with the oil through blind hole.

4. The oil port switching structure of the two-position five-way valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the right hydraulic control joint (9) is installed at the right end of the valve core hole of the valve body (5) through threaded connection, and a right O-shaped ring (10) is installed between the right hydraulic control joint (9) and the valve core hole of the valve body (5).

5. The oil port switching structure of the two-position five-way valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the right end of the valve core (3) is provided with a step shaft, and the left end of the right hydraulic control joint (9) is provided with a step hole; the left end of the spring (8) is wound on the step shaft at the right end of the valve core (3), and the right end of the spring (8) is propped against the inside of the step hole at the left end of the right hydraulic control joint (9).

6. The oil port switching structure of the two-position five-way valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an oil through hole is formed in the axis of the right hydraulic control joint (9), an oil through blind hole opposite to the oil through hole of the right hydraulic control joint (9) is formed in the right end of the valve core (3), and an oil overflow hole communicated with the oil through blind hole is formed in the circumferential surface of the right end of the valve core (3).

7. The oil port switching structure of the two-position five-way valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the left hydraulic control joint (1) is communicated with pilot pressure oil K; the right hydraulic control joint (9) is communicated with the oil drainage port L and directly returns to the oil tank; and a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the actuating mechanism is arranged at the oil port E.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic valves, in particular to a two-position five-way valve oil port switching structure.

Background

The hydraulic control reversing valve changes the movement of a valve core by utilizing the pressure of pilot liquid, pushes the valve core by external control pilot pressure so as to change the oil flow direction of a hydraulic system, and the reversing of the hydraulic control reversing valve is directly completed by an internal structure.

In a hydraulic system, two working oil ports of an actuating mechanism are often required to be communicated when the actuating mechanism stops working, so that a working device is in a floating state, can move under the action of external force, and is stable when the actuating mechanism is started and stopped. Because the reversing function of the existing multi-channel hydraulic control reversing valve can not meet the use requirement, in order to achieve the purpose, the following two methods can be adopted:

one is realized by connecting oil ports of two reversing valves with simple structures in series and simultaneously reversing pilot oil, which is shown in attached figures 1 and 2;

the other is to realize the on-off of the needed oil circuit through the change of the relative position of the valve core and the valve body, and the scheme can be realized only by carrying out integrated innovation on oil circuits with various principles;

in order to realize the reversing valve with the required oil circuit function, a hydraulic control reversing valve with a multi-oil-channel structure is needed, the relative position of a valve core and a valve body is changed by changing the pressure of pilot oil, and then the actions of opening and closing of a required valve port, adjustment of the opening amount and the like are met.

The functional form of present switching-over valve can not satisfy at the case switching-over after realizing that the working oil mouth concatenates at present, and then satisfies and lets the operating means be in the state that floats, and present multichannel liquid accuse switching-over valve structure still ubiquitous shortcoming below:

1. the valve body is separated from the end cover, and the end cover is connected to the valve body through a screw, so that the structure has the advantages of more structural parts, larger volume, increased weight and poorer economy;

2. the inner part of the end cover is generally reset by adopting a spring, so that the screw is assembled and disassembled difficultly, and the spring is easy to generate torsional deformation.

Disclosed in the prior art is a liquid control reversing valve (CN 208651302U), including valve body, switching-over valve core, the both ends of valve body are equipped with left end lid, right-hand member lid, movable mounting has the switching-over valve core in the valve body, the switching-over valve core passes through the valve barrel and links to each other with the valve body, the both sides of switching-over valve core are provided with the spring holder, be provided with centering spring in the spring holder, switching-over valve core right-hand member is provided with top, the upper end of valve body is provided with the orifice, the lower extreme of valve body is provided with the oil inlet, be provided with adjusting screw in the right-hand member lid, the switching-over valve core carries. The utility model discloses a structure scientific and reasonable can effective control flow diameter ratio, and control is simple, the computer control of being convenient for, and performance is more excellent.

The above technology has the following disadvantages:

the patent mentions that in the case of no pilot output, the device is in a pressure performance test state, when the pilot output left orifice is larger than the right orifice, the device is in a flow performance test state, and when the pilot output left orifice is smaller than the right orifice, the device is in an internal leakage performance test state; by changing the range of pilot output, the direction of oil flow is switched on, off or changed under the coordination of the movement of the reversing valve core driven by the valve rod, and the flow diameter ratio is further changed. Although the structure can realize the on-off of the oil port by changing the pilot pressure, the structure is too complex, the number of structural parts is large, the economical efficiency is poor, the installation form of the traditional end cover is not broken away, and the inconvenience is brought to the disassembly and the maintenance.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems and realize the principle of the required oil path, the invention provides a switching structure of an oil port of a two-position five-way valve.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a two-position five-way valve oil port switching structure comprises a valve body, wherein a valve core hole penetrating through the valve body is formed in the valve body, and a valve core is installed in the valve core hole of the valve body; the left end of the valve core hole of the valve body is provided with a left hydraulic control joint, the right end of the valve core hole of the valve body is provided with a right hydraulic control joint, and a spring is arranged between the right end of the valve core and the right hydraulic control joint; the valve body is sequentially provided with an oil port A, an oil port B, an oil port E, an oil port C and an oil port D from left to right; a first groove, a second groove, a third groove, a fourth groove and a fifth groove are sequentially formed in the valve core from left to right;

when the left end of the valve core abuts against the left hydraulic control joint, the oil port A, the oil port B and the oil port E are communicated with the second groove; the oil port C and the oil port D are communicated with the fourth groove;

when the right end of the valve core abuts against the right hydraulic control joint, the oil port B is communicated with the second groove, the oil port C is communicated with the third groove, and the oil port E is communicated with the second groove and the third groove; the oil port A and the oil port D are cut off.

It further comprises the following steps: the left hydraulic control joint is installed at the left end of the valve body valve core hole through threaded connection, and a left O-shaped ring is installed between the left hydraulic control joint and the valve body valve core hole.

The left hydraulic control joint is provided with an oil through hole in the axis, the left end of the valve core is provided with an oil through blind hole opposite to the oil through hole of the left hydraulic control joint, and the circumferential surface of the left end of the valve core is provided with an oil overflow hole communicated with the oil through blind hole.

The right hydraulic control joint is installed at the right end of the valve body valve core hole through threaded connection, and a right O-shaped ring is installed between the right hydraulic control joint and the valve body valve core hole.

The right end of the valve core is provided with a step shaft, and the left end of the right hydraulic control joint is provided with a step hole; the left end of the spring is wound on the step shaft at the right end of the valve core, and the right end of the spring is propped against the step hole at the left end of the right hydraulic control joint.

The right hydraulic control joint is provided with an oil through hole in the axis, the right end of the valve core is provided with an oil through blind hole opposite to the oil through hole of the right hydraulic control joint, and the circumferential surface of the right end of the valve core is provided with an oil overflow hole communicated with the oil through blind hole.

The left hydraulic control joint is communicated with pilot pressure oil K; the right hydraulic control joint is communicated with the oil drainage port L and directly returns to the oil tank; and a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the actuating mechanism is arranged at the oil port E.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the structure is simple: the oil way form which can be realized only by combining a plurality of reversing valves can be realized, the equivalent oil port change-over principle and the hydraulic valve oil way function are innovative, the number of assembly parts is small, the valve core is directly limited by the hydraulic control joint, and the number of structural parts is effectively reduced;

2. optimizing the system structure: the oil circuit switching principle that the tradition needs a plurality of switching-over valves to make up just can realize needs to carry out the while switching-over to liquid accuse pilot oil and can realize, and control unit is more, all can influence entire system's operation if jamming or accident appear in arbitrary part. The invention integrates the oil circuit communication mode of a plurality of components into one valve body, greatly simplifies the system structure and reduces the operation risk of the system;

3. the leakage risk is small: according to the traditional oil way switching principle which can be realized only by combining a plurality of reversing valves, the number of control oil ways and installation parts is large, and the number of leakage risk points is large. The integrated structure of the invention has the advantages that the sealing number of the whole reversing valve is only two, the structure is the same, the interchangeability is good, no redundant structural component exists outside the hydraulic control joint, the sealing performance is good, and the leakage risk is greatly reduced;

4. simple installation convenient operation: according to the traditional oil way switching principle which can be realized only by combining a plurality of reversing valves, the number of the reversing valves to be installed is large, and the hydraulic control or electric control reversing valves are generally installed in a plate type mode, so that the requirements on the joint surface of a valve body are high, and the operation is inconvenient. The integrated structure of the invention directly fixes the valve body on the mounting frame by using screws, each oil port is connected with a pipeline, the valve core and the spring adopt a built-in structure, and the hydraulic control joint is connected with the valve body by threads, so that the mounting and dismounting are simple, the maintainability of the valve is improved, and the maintenance cost is saved. Meanwhile, the free switching of the two working positions can be realized by changing the pressure of the pilot oil liquid, and the operation is simple.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of an oil port connected in series at an initial position in the background art;

FIG. 2 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a reversing position with oil ports connected in series according to the background art;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the initial bit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a hydraulic schematic of the present invention in the initial position;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention during bit reversal;

FIG. 6 is a hydraulic schematic of the present invention during a direction change;

in the figure: 1. a left hydraulic control joint; 2. a left O-ring; 3. a valve core; 5. a valve body; 8. a spring; 9. a right hydraulic control joint; 10. and a right O-shaped ring.

Detailed Description

The following is a specific embodiment of the present invention, which will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, the valve core 3 is installed in the valve core hole of the valve body 5, the left hydraulic control joint 1 is installed at the left end of the valve core hole of the valve body 5, the right hydraulic control joint 9 is installed at the right end of the valve core hole of the valve body 5, and the spring 8 is installed between the right end of the valve core 3 and the right hydraulic control joint 9. The right end of the valve core 3 is provided with a step shaft, and the left end of the right hydraulic control joint 9 is provided with a step hole; the left end of the spring 8 is wound on the step shaft at the right end of the valve core 3, the right end of the spring 8 is propped against the step hole at the left end of the right hydraulic control joint 9, and the spring 8 pushes the valve core 3 leftwards.

The valve body 5 is provided with an oil port A, an oil port B, an oil port E, an oil port C and an oil port D in sequence from left to right. The valve core 3 is provided with a first groove, a second groove, a third groove, a fourth groove and a fifth groove in sequence from left to right. A throttling groove is formed in a shoulder between the second groove and the third groove in the middle of the valve core and is used for keeping the oil port B and the oil port E communicated in an initial state, and the valve core is located at an initial position under the action of a spring force.

The left hydraulic control joint 1 is communicated with pilot pressure oil K; the right hydraulic control joint 9 is communicated with the oil drainage port L and directly returns to the oil tank; and a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the actuating mechanism is arranged at the oil port E. When the left end of the valve core 3 abuts against the left hydraulic control joint 1, the oil port A, the oil port B and the oil port E are communicated with the second groove; the oil port C and the oil port D are communicated with the fourth groove. When the right end of the valve core 3 abuts against the right hydraulic control joint 9, the oil port B is communicated with the second groove, the oil port C is communicated with the third groove, and the oil port E is communicated with the second groove and the third groove; the oil port A and the oil port D are cut off.

The axle center of the left hydraulic control joint 1 is provided with an oil through hole, the left end of the valve core 3 is provided with an oil through blind hole opposite to the oil through hole of the left hydraulic control joint 1, and the circumferential surface of the left end of the valve core 3 is provided with an oil overflow hole communicated with the oil through blind hole. The axle center of the right hydraulic control joint 9 is provided with an oil through hole, the right end of the valve core 3 is provided with an oil through blind hole opposite to the oil through hole of the right hydraulic control joint 9, and the circumferential surface of the right end of the valve core 3 is provided with an oil overflow hole communicated with the oil through blind hole. Throttling holes are formed in two ends of the valve core and used for communicating an external cavity, and the phenomenon that the pressure of the sealed cavity is suppressed when the valve core moves at the extreme position is prevented.

The left hydraulic control joint 1 is installed at the left end of the valve core hole of the valve body 5 through threaded connection, and a left O-shaped ring 2 is installed between the left hydraulic control joint 1 and the valve core hole of the valve body 5. The right hydraulic control joint 9 is installed at the right end of the valve core hole of the valve body 5 through threaded connection, and a right O-shaped ring 10 is installed between the right hydraulic control joint 9 and the valve core hole of the valve body 5. The left O-shaped ring 2 and the right O-shaped ring 10 are arranged in a sealing groove on the hydraulic control joint and used for preventing oil in the valve body from leaking. The left hydraulic control joint and the right hydraulic control joint are completely consistent in size and specification and can be used interchangeably.

The working principle is as follows:

when the hydraulic control reversing valve is in the initial position,

the oil is fed from the oil port A and is communicated with the oil port B and the oil port E through the valve body step; the oil port E is a closed cavity at the moment under the action of the valve core shoulder, and can be used for measuring the pressure of the actuating mechanism;

at this time, the oil port B is connected with an oil inlet of the actuating mechanism, and as shown in fig. 4, the motor 14 feeds the discharged oil into the oil port C;

at the moment, the oil port C is communicated with the oil port 7D under the action of the shoulder of the valve core, and oil is discharged through the oil port D;

the communication mode of the oil port A and the oil port B is equal to the mode of a two-position two-way reversing valve 13, the communication mode of the oil port E, the oil port C and the oil port D is equal to the mode of a two-position three-way reversing valve 15, and a two-position five-way reversing valve 16 is formed under the combined action of the two-position three-way reversing valve and the three-position three-.

When the hydraulic control reversing valve is in the reversing position,

the valve rod is completely reversed by leading oil from the left hydraulic control joint, the passages of the hydraulic oil port A and the hydraulic oil port B are closed at the moment, the passages of the hydraulic oil port C and the hydraulic oil port D are also closed, the hydraulic oil port E, the hydraulic oil port C and the hydraulic oil port B are in a communicated state under the action of a valve element shoulder, oil flows out from the hydraulic oil port B under the action of inertia and returns to the hydraulic oil port C through the motor 14, and the hydraulic oil port E, the hydraulic oil port C and the hydraulic oil port B are also in a communicated state at the moment and are shown in an equivalent schematic diagram in figure 6, so that the motor is in a floating state at the moment and can be stably stopped, and meanwhile, the.

The embodiment realizes the change of the relative position of the valve core and the valve body by controlling the pressure of the pilot oil, so that the connection mode of each oil port on the valve body is changed, and the motion function required by the actuating mechanism is realized. The hydraulic control reversing valve simplifies the traditional oil circuit form which can be realized only by combining a plurality of reversing valves, the equivalent oil port change principle and the hydraulic valve oil circuit function have innovativeness, the structure realization form is simple, safe and reliable, the later maintenance and replacement are facilitated through the threaded connection mode, and a novel hydraulic valve oil circuit function form and a novel hydraulic valve oil circuit function structure realization form are provided for hydraulic valve designers.