阅读说明：本技术 染色合成纤维的方法和装置、染色纤维和含该染色纤维的织物 (Method and device for dyeing synthetic fibres, dyed fibres and fabrics containing same ) 是由 艾哈迈德·塞尔哈特·卡拉杜曼 艾斯·根 德里亚·阿斯兰 法特玛·木泽延·帕拉迪 哈米特·耶尼 于 2018-01-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种染色、特别是瓮染或涂覆下述物质的方法：合成纤维、特别是聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维；或包含合成纤维或由合成纤维组成的纱线；或包含合成纤维或由合成纤维组成的织物；或者包含纱线或由纱线组成的织物,所述纱线包含合成纤维或由合成纤维组成,所述方法包括以下步骤：a)提供大量纤维,所述包含合成纤维或由合成纤维组成,所述合成纤维特别为聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维,或提供至少一种纱线,特别是大量纱线,包含合成纤维或由合成纤维组成,所述合成纤维特别为聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维,或提供至少一种织物,所述织物包含合成纤维或由合成纤维组成,所述合成纤维特别为聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维,或者所述织物包含至少一种纱线或由至少一种纱线组成,特别是大量纱线,所述纱线包含合成纤维或由合成纤维组成,所述合成纤维特别为聚酯纤维和/或聚酰胺纤维；和b1)提供至少一种粉状染料或粉状前体染料,特别是粉状隐色染料,或提供至少一种水性染料制剂或至少一种水性前体染料制剂,特别是碱性水性隐色染料制剂；c1)提供包含至少一种脂肪酶、特别是来自假丝酵母菌属种的脂肪酶的水性体系；和d1)使用包含所述至少一种脂肪酶、特别是来自假丝酵母菌属种的脂肪酶的水性体系预处理所述大量纤维或所述一种纱线或所述大量纱线或所述织物,以及e1)使用所述至少一种粉状染料或所述粉状前体染料、特别是粉状隐色染料,或使用所述至少一种水性染料制剂或所述至少一种水性前体染料制剂、特别是碱性水性隐色染料制剂,对所述预处理过的大量纤维、或所述预处理过的一种纱线或大量纱线、或所述预处理过的织物进行涂覆或染色；或者b2)提供至少一种粉状染料或粉状前体染料,特别是粉状隐色染料,或提供至少一种水性染料制剂或至少一种水性前体染料制剂,特别是碱性水性隐色染料制剂,c2)提供包含纳米级聚氨酯颗粒、至少一种交联剂和至少一种润湿剂的水性体系,以及d2)使用包含所述纳米级聚氨酯颗粒、至少一种交联剂和至少一种润湿剂的所述水性体系预处理所述大量纤维或所述一种纱线或所述大量纱线或所述织物,特别是所述织物；以及e2)使用所述至少一种粉状染料或所述粉状前体染料、特别是粉状隐色染料,或使用所述至少一种水性染料制剂或所述至少一种水性前体染料制剂,特别是碱性水性隐色染料制剂,对所述预处理过的大量纤维、或所述预处理过的一种纱线或大量纱线、或所述预处理过的织物进行涂覆或染色；或者b3)提供至少一种粉状染料或粉状前体染料,特别是粉状隐色染料,或提供至少一种水性染料制剂或至少一种水性前体染料制剂,特别是碱性水性隐色染料制剂,c3)提供包含至少一种碱、特别是碱金属氢氧化物、更特别是氢氧化钾和任选地至少一种润湿剂的水性体系,以及d3)使用包含所述至少一种碱和任选地至少一种润湿剂的所述水性体系预处理所述大量纤维或所述一种纱线或所述大量纱线或所述织物,特别是所述大量纤维、一种纱线或大量纱线；以及e3)使用所述至少一种粉状染料或所述粉状前体染料、特别是粉状隐色染料,或使用所述至少一种水性染料制剂或所述至少一种水性前体染料制剂、特别是碱性水性隐色染料制剂,对所述预处理过的大量纤维、或所述预处理过的一种纱线或大量纱线、或所述预处理过的织物进行涂覆或染色。(A process for dyeing, in particular vat dyeing or coating, of: synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers; or a yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, the method comprising the steps of: a) providing a plurality of fibers comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or at least one yarn, in particular a plurality of yarns, comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or at least one fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or at least one yarn comprising or consisting of at least one yarn, in particular a plurality of yarns, comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers; and b1) providing at least one pulverulent dye or pulverulent precursor dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco dye, or at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation; c1) providing an aqueous system comprising at least one lipase, in particular a lipase from a candida species; and d1) pretreating the plurality of fibers or the one yarn or the plurality of yarns or the fabric with an aqueous system comprising the at least one lipase, in particular a lipase from a candida species, and e1) coating or dyeing the pretreated plurality of fibers or the pretreated one yarn or plurality of yarns or the pretreated fabric with the at least one pulverulent dye or the pulverulent precursor dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco dye, or with the at least one aqueous dye preparation or the at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation; or b2) providing at least one powdered dye or powdered precursor dye, in particular a powdered leuco dye, or providing at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation, c2) providing an aqueous system comprising nanoscale polyurethane particles, at least one crosslinking agent and at least one wetting agent, and d2) pretreating the plurality of fibers or the one yarn or the plurality of yarns or the fabric, in particular the fabric, with the aqueous system comprising the nanoscale polyurethane particles, at least one crosslinking agent and at least one wetting agent; and e2) coating or dyeing the pretreated multiplicity of fibers, or the pretreated yarn or multiplicity of yarns, or the pretreated textile, with the at least one pulverulent dye or the pulverulent precursor dye, in particular pulverulent leuco dye, or with the at least one aqueous dye preparation or the at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular basic aqueous leuco dye preparation; or b3) providing at least one powdered dye or powdered precursor dye, in particular a powdered leuco dye, or providing at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation, c3) providing an aqueous system comprising at least one base, in particular an alkali metal hydroxide, more in particular potassium hydroxide, and optionally at least one wetting agent, and d3) pretreating the plurality of fibers or the one yarn or the plurality of yarns or the fabric, in particular the plurality of fibers, one yarn or a plurality of yarns, with the aqueous system comprising the at least one base and optionally at least one wetting agent; and e3) coating or dyeing the pretreated multiplicity of fibers, or the pretreated yarn or multiplicity of yarns, or the pretreated textile with the at least one pulverulent dye or the pulverulent precursor dye, in particular pulverulent leuco dye, or with the at least one aqueous dye preparation or the at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular basic aqueous leuco dye preparation.)

1. A process for dyeing, in particular vat dyeing or coating, of: synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers; or a yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, the method comprising the steps of:

a) providing a plurality of fibers comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or

At least one yarn, in particular a plurality of yarns, is provided, which comprises or consists of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or

Providing at least one fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or at least one yarn comprising or consisting of at least one yarn, in particular a plurality of yarns, comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers;

and

b1) providing at least one pulverulent dye or pulverulent precursor dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco dye, or

Providing at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation,

c1) providing an aqueous system comprising at least one lipase, in particular from a Candida species, and

d1) pretreating said plurality of fibers or said one yarn or said plurality of yarns or said fabric with an aqueous system comprising said at least one lipase, in particular a lipase from a candida species, and

e1) coating or dyeing the pretreated plurality of fibers, or the pretreated yarn or plurality of yarns, or the pretreated fabric with the at least one powdered dye or the powdered precursor dye, in particular powdered leuco dye, or with the at least one aqueous dye formulation or the at least one aqueous precursor dye formulation, in particular the basic aqueous leuco dye formulation;

or

b2) Providing at least one pulverulent dye or pulverulent precursor dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco dye, or

Providing at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation,

c2) providing an aqueous system comprising nanoscale polyurethane particles, at least one crosslinker and at least one wetting agent, and

d2) pre-treating said plurality of fibers or said one yarn or said plurality of yarns or said fabric, in particular said fabric, with said aqueous system comprising said nano-sized polyurethane particles, at least one cross-linking agent and at least one wetting agent; and

e2) coating or dyeing the pretreated plurality of fibers, or the pretreated yarn or plurality of yarns, or the pretreated fabric with the at least one powdered dye or the powdered precursor dye, in particular the powdered leuco dye, or with the at least one aqueous dye formulation or the at least one aqueous precursor dye formulation, in particular the basic aqueous leuco dye formulation;

or

b3) Providing at least one pulverulent dye or pulverulent precursor dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco dye, or

Providing at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation,

c3) providing an aqueous system comprising at least one base, in particular an alkali metal hydroxide, more in particular potassium hydroxide, and optionally at least one wetting agent, and

d3) pre-treating the plurality of fibers or the one yarn or the plurality of yarns or the fabric, in particular the plurality of fibers, one yarn or plurality of yarns, with the aqueous system comprising the at least one base and optionally at least one wetting agent; and

e3) coating or dyeing the pretreated plurality of fibers, or the pretreated yarn or plurality of yarns, or the pretreated fabric with the at least one powdered dye or the powdered precursor dye, in particular the powdered leuco dye, or with the at least one aqueous dye formulation or the at least one aqueous precursor dye formulation, in particular the basic aqueous leuco dye formulation.

2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the dye is a vat dye, in particular selected from indigo, indigoid dyes, in particular isoindigo, indirubin and/or 6, 6' -dibromoindigo, such as tylviolet, indanthrone dyes, anthracenedione dyes, anthraquinone dyes, naphthalene dyes and mixtures thereof; alternatively, the precursor dye is a leuco dye, in particular selected from leuco-indigo, leuco-indigo dyes, in particular leuco-isoindigo, leuco-isatin and/or leuco-6, 6' -dibromoindigo, such as leuco-tylviolet, leuco-indanthrone dyes, leuco-anthraquinone dyes, leuco-naphthalene dyes and mixtures thereof.

3. The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the leuco dye is obtained from the corresponding vat dye by treatment with a reducing agent in an aqueous alkaline system, in particular selected from thiourea dioxide, sodium dithionite, sodium bisulfite, hydroxyacetone, sodium hydroxymethylsulfinate, borohydride and mixtures thereof.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the aqueous basic system comprising the leuco dye is at least one aqueous precursor dye formulation.

5. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising treating the plurality of fibers, one yarn, a plurality of yarns or fabric coated or dyed in steps e1), e2) or e3), respectively, with at least one oxidizing agent, in particular selected from oxygen; air, in particular heated air; an inorganic peroxy compound; hydrogen peroxide; potassium dichromate; sodium hypochlorite; peroxyacetic acid; and mixtures thereof.

6. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the fibers are multicomponent fibers, in particular bicomponent fibers.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the multicomponent fibers, in particular bicomponent fibers, are solid or hollow side-by-side fibers, sheath-core fibers, islands-in-sea fibers (matrix-fibril type) and segmented pie fibers.

8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the bicomponent fiber is made from: polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate; nylon 66 and polycyclohexyldimethylene terephthalate (PCT); polypropylene and polybutylene terephthalate; nylon 6 and copolyamides; polylactic acid and polystyrene; polyacetals, in particular polyoxymethylenes and polyurethanes; copolyester and high density polyethylene or copolyester and linear low density polyethylene; polyolefins, in particular polypropylene and polyamides.

9. The process according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the core-sheath bicomponent fiber comprises a polyester core, in particular a polyethylene terephthalate core and a copolyester sheath; or a polyester core, in particular a polyethylene terephthalate core and a polyethylene sheath; or a polypropylene core and a polyethylene sheath; or a polyamide core, in particular nylon 66, and a polyolefin sheath, in particular a polypropylene sheath, or

The sea-island bicomponent fiber comprises a polyolefin matrix, in particular a polypropylene matrix, and polyamide, in particular polyamide fibrils, embedded in the matrix.

10. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the yarns are textured yarns and/or oriented yarns selected from the group consisting of Low Oriented Yarns (LOY), Medium Oriented Yarns (MOY), Partially Oriented Yarns (POY), High Oriented Yarns (HOY) and Fully Oriented Yarns (FOY).

11. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the one yarn or the plurality of yarns are or comprise textured and partially oriented yarns.

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pretreated fiber, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or fabric is dyed according to a pad-batch process using the aqueous dye preparation or the at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular the basic aqueous leuco dye preparation.

13. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in step d1), at least one lipase, in particular a lipase from the Candida species, is used for the pretreatment according to the pad-batch process, in particular at a temperature of 25-60 ℃, more in particular 30-50 ℃, and in particular at a pH in the range of 4.5-9, more in particular 5-8.

14. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein after the pretreatment step d1), d2) or d3), the fiber, a yarn, a mass of yarns or fabric is kept at room temperature for about 14-36 hours, in particular about 18 hours to about 24 hours, and then washed, in particular in a multi-cylinder, more in particular 8-cylinder washing machine, using a temperature of 30-95 ℃, in particular 40-90 ℃.

15. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the pre-treatment steps d1), d2) or d3) are performed while winding the plurality of fibers, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or fabric onto a roll.

16. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the aqueous dye preparation or the at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular the basic aqueous leuco dye preparation, applied in steps e1), e2) or e3) has a viscosity of 10-70 Dpa-s, in particular 30-60 Dpa-s, measured at 23 ± 5 ℃, preferably 23 ± 2.5 ℃, more preferably 23 ± 1.5 ℃, most preferably 23 ± 0.5 ℃.

17. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising subjecting the fiber, the one yarn, the plurality of yarns or the fabric to a water vapor treatment, in particular at 95-110 ℃, more in particular 98-102 ℃, for a period of time, in particular 1-10 minutes, more in particular 2-4 minutes, after the coating or dyeing step.

18. The method of claim 17, the method further comprising: after the treatment with steam, the steam-treated fiber, a yarn, a mass of yarn or a fabric is subjected to a washing step, in particular in a multi-cylinder, more particularly 8-cylinder washing machine, using a temperature of 25 to 98 ℃, in particular 30 to 95 ℃.

19. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein after dyeing the fiber, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or fabric is subjected to at least one washing step.

20. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the washed fibre, or the washed yarn or yarns or mass or the washed fabric is subjected to a drying step, in particular at a temperature of 98-130 ℃, more in particular 100-120 ℃.

21. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the washed fiber, the washed yarn, the washed bulk yarn or the washed fabric is subjected to a drying step for 30 seconds to 10 minutes, in particular 1-3 minutes.

22. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in steps e1), e2) or e3) the dye used for dyeing or coating is a pulverulent leuco dye or a basic aqueous leuco dye formulation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco-indigo dye formulation.

23. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein after the dyeing steps e1), e2) or e3) (first dyeing step), and optionally after at least one washing step, the fiber, one yarn, a plurality of yarns or fabric is treated with at least one aqueous electrolyte solution, wherein the at least one aqueous electrolyte solution comprises at least one cationic electrolyte, in particular at least one cationic polyelectrolyte; and optionally followed by at least one washing step and then by a further dyeing step (second dyeing step), in particular according to the pad-batch process, using at least one pulverulent dye or at least one pulverulent precursor dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco dye, or using at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation, which is optionally followed by at least one washing step.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the at least one cationic electrolyte is poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride).

25. The process according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the dye in the first dyeing step and/or in the second dyeing step is a powdery leuco dye, in particular a powdery leuco indigo dye, or an aqueous leuco dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco-indigo dye preparation.

26. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising at least one drying step after the dyeing or coating step, in particular comprising subjecting the dyed or coated fiber, yarn, mass of yarn or fabric to a temperature of 100-.

27. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising performing at least one fixing step after the dyeing or coating step, in particular after the treatment step with an oxidizing agent, in particular comprising subjecting the dyed or coated and optionally dried fiber or fabric to a temperature of 160-.

28. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one aqueous dye preparation, in particular an aqueous indigo dye preparation, for coating, in particular after step d2), the fiber, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or a fabric, in particular the fabric, comprises at least one dye, in particular a vat dye, in particular the (unreduced) indigo dye, or a precursor dye, in particular the leuco-indigo dye, more particularly the vat dye, in particular the (unreduced) indigo dye; at least one binder, in particular a crosslinkable acrylic binder; at least one thickener; and optionally at least one softening agent, in particular a nanosilica-based softening agent.

29. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coating step is carried out by means of blade coating or rotogravure, in particular blade coating.

30. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the aqueous dye preparation, in particular for dyeing, comprises at least one organic colouring substance as dye, preferably a non-ionic dye, more preferably a (unreduced) indigo dye; and at least one dispersant.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein the dispersant is selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, fatty alcohols, condensation products of amines and ethylene oxide, condensation products of naphthalene sulfonic acid and formaldehyde, lignosulfonates, and mixtures thereof.

32. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one aqueous dye formulation, in particular aqueous leuco dye formulation and more particularly aqueous leuco-indigo dye formulation, has a pH value of 10-13, in particular 10.5-12.5.

33. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the density of the at least one aqueous dye formulation, in particular aqueous leuco dye formulation and more particularly aqueous leuco-indigo dye formulation, at 25 ℃ is from 0.6 to 1.5g/mL, in particular from 0.8 to 1.2 g/mL.

34. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one aqueous dye preparation for dyeing, in particular an aqueous (unreduced) indigo dye preparation, comprises at least one dye, in particular a (unreduced) indigo dye; at least one silicone, in particular a nanosilica; at least one binder, in particular a crosslinkable acrylic binder; at least one thickener; at least one defoamer; at least one amine, in particular ammonia; and water.

35. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coating or dyeing of the pretreated plurality of fibers, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or fabric with at least one powdered dye, in particular a powdered vat dye, more in particular the (unreduced) indigo dye, or a precursor dye, in particular the leuco-indigo dye, and more in particular a vat dye, in particular the (unreduced) indigo dye, or with at least one aqueous dye formulation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye formulation, is a warp or rope coating, or a warp or rope dyeing.

36. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which step b1), b2) or b3) comprises providing at least one pulverulent leuco dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco-indigo dye, or at least one aqueous leuco dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco-indigo dye preparation, and at least one migration inhibitor, at least one dispersant, at least one wetting agent and at least one cationic polymer, in particular a cationic polymer based on a polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin, and in which the mass of fibers, a yarn, a mass of yarns or a fabric is dyed using the pulverulent leuco dye or the aqueous leuco dye preparation as described under b1), b2) or b 3).

37. Process according to any one of claims 1 to 36, wherein steps b1), b2) or b3) comprise providing at least one pulverulent leuco dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco-indigo dye, or at least one aqueous leuco dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco-indigo dye preparation, and at least one migration inhibitor, at least one dispersant, at least one wetting agent and at least one cationic polymer, in particular a cationic polymer based on a polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin, and wherein the mass of fibers, a yarn, a mass of yarns or a fabric is coated with the pulverulent leuco dye or the aqueous leuco dye preparation as described under b1), b2) or b 3).

38. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the aqueous dye formulation comprises an indigo dye, at least one base, at least one wetting agent and optionally at least one carrier agent.

39. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the pre-treatment step d3) the aqueous system has a pH value of 10-13, in particular 10.5-12.0, and/or a temperature of 20-70 ℃, in particular 30-60 ℃, and/or wherein the pre-treatment step d3) is carried out in such a way that the surface material of the pre-treated synthetic fibers is at least partially peeled off, whereby the synthetic fibers are reduced in weight, in particular by 5-35%, more in particular by 10-30%.

40. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the pre-treatment step d3) further comprises subjecting the plurality of fibers, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or a fabric to a steam treatment, in particular a saturated steam treatment, for a period of time, in particular 15-100 seconds, preferably 30-60 seconds.

41. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein in the pre-treatment d1), d2) or d3) the plurality of fibers, one yarn, a plurality of yarns or a fabric is subjected to the aqueous system for not more than 30 seconds, in particular not more than 15 seconds.

42. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 41, further comprising at least one preshrinking step of the at least one dyed fabric after the fixing step.

43. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fiber, a yarn, a plurality of yarns and/or a fabric is subjected to a cationization step after the pretreatment step and before the coating or dyeing step, in particular before the fixing step.

44. Process according to any one of claims 27 to 43, wherein, in the fixing step, the coated or dyed fiber, yarn or fabric, in particular the dyed fiber, yarn or fabric, is treated with at least one aqueous formulation, in particular simultaneously with hot water steam treatment, wherein the aqueous formulation comprises at least one condensation product of an aliphatic polyamine with an epihalohydrin, in particular epichlorohydrin.

45. The method according to claim 44, wherein the aqueous formulation has a pH value of 3-6, in particular 3.5-5, and/or a temperature of 40-95 ℃, in particular 55-85 ℃.

46. A process according to claim 44 or 45, wherein the condensation product of an aliphatic polyamine with a epihalohydrin comprises a homopolymer of diallylamine, a homopolymer of N-methyl-diallylamine, or a cationic reaction product of a copolymer of diallylamine and N-methyl-diallylamine with a epihalohydrin, in particular epichlorohydrin.

47. The method according to any one of claims 23 to 46, wherein the treatment with the at least one aqueous electrolyte solution comprising at least one cationic electrolyte is carried out at a pressure of 60-120bar, in particular 70-100 bar.

48. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the aqueous system comprising nanoscale polyurethane particles is a nanodispersion of a self-crosslinking amphoteric or anionic polyether polyurethane, in particular having an average particle size of less than 100 nm.

49. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wetting agent comprises at least one anionic phosphate ester.

50. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in step a) a multitude of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or a mixture of polyamide fibers and cotton fibers and/or at least one yarn, a multitude of yarns or at least one fabric is provided, wherein the yarn, fabric comprises or consists of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, and cotton fibers.

51. The process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the particle size of the powdered dye, in particular powdered indigo dye, provided in step b1), b2) or b3) is less than 10 μ ι η, and in particular is 1-5 μ ι η.

52. The method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the plurality of fibers or the fabric pretreated according to step d3) after the pretreatment step has a tensile strength which is lower than the tensile strength of the fibers before the pretreatment step, in particular which is not more than 20% lower than the tensile strength of the fibers before the pretreatment step, more in particular which is not more than 10% lower than the tensile strength of the fibers before the pretreatment step, each of the tensile strengths being measured at 23 ± 5 ℃, preferably 23 ± 2.5 ℃, more preferably 23 ± 1.5 ℃, most preferably 23 ± 0.5 ℃, wherein the plurality of fibers comprises or consists of synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, such as multicomponent fibers or bicomponent fibers, the fabric comprises or consists of synthetic fibers, the synthetic fibers are in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, for example multicomponent fibers or bicomponent fibers.

53. The method of any one of the preceding claims,

-subjecting a fabric made of synthetic fibers, one yarn or a plurality of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers to a pre-treatment step d1), d2) or d3), in particular d2), and then coating the pre-treated fabric according to steps e1), e2) or e3), respectively; or therein

-subjecting a synthetic fiber or a yarn or a plurality of yarns to a pre-treatment step d1), d2) or d3), in particular d2), making said fiber, yarn or plurality of yarns into a fabric and coating or dyeing, in particular coating said fabric, according to steps e1), e2) or e3), respectively, wherein said yarn or plurality of yarns comprises or consists of synthetic fibers; or therein

-subjecting the synthetic fiber or one or a plurality of yarns to a pre-treatment step d1), d2) or d3), in particular d2), dyeing said fiber, one or a plurality of yarns according to steps e1), e2) or e3), respectively, wherein said one or a plurality of yarns comprise or consist of synthetic fibers; or therein

-subjecting a synthetic fiber or a yarn or a plurality of yarns to a pre-treatment step d1), d2) or d3), in particular d2), dyeing said fiber, yarn or plurality of yarns according to steps e1), e2) or e3), respectively, making said fiber, yarn or plurality of yarns into a fabric, and coating or dyeing, in particular coating, said fabric according to steps e1), e2) or e3), respectively, wherein said yarn or plurality of yarns comprises or consists of synthetic fibers; or therein

-subjecting a synthetic fiber or a yarn or a plurality of yarns to a pre-treatment step d1), d2) or d3), in particular d2), making said fiber, a yarn or a plurality of yarns into a fabric, subjecting said fabric to a pre-treatment step d1), d2) or d3), in particular d2), and subsequently coating or dyeing, in particular coating, said fabric according to steps e1), e2) or e3), respectively, wherein said yarn or plurality of yarns comprises or consists of synthetic fibers; or therein

-subjecting a synthetic fiber or a yarn or a plurality of yarns to a pretreatment step d1), d2) or d3), in particular d2), dyeing said fiber, yarn or plurality of yarns according to steps e1), e2) or e3), respectively, and subsequently making it into a fabric, subjecting said fabric to a pretreatment step d1), d2) or d3), in particular d2), and subsequently coating or dyeing, in particular coating, said fabric according to steps e1), e2) or e3), respectively, wherein said yarn or plurality of yarns comprises or consists of synthetic fibers.

54. Dyed synthetic fibers, in particular dyed polyester fibers and/or dyed polyamide fibers or dyed one yarn or dyed plurality of yarns or dyed fabric, obtained or obtainable according to the method of any one of the preceding claims.

55. The dyed synthetic fiber or dyed one yarn or dyed plurality of yarns or dyed fabric of claim 54, wherein the polyester fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber and poly-1, 4-cyclohexyldimethanol terephthalate (PCDT) fiber.

56. Coated synthetic fiber, in particular coated polyester fiber and/or coated polyamide fiber or coated one kind of yarn or coated plurality of yarns or coated fabric, obtained or obtainable according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 53.

57. The coated synthetic fiber or coated yarn or coated plurality of yarns or coated fabric of claim 56, wherein said polyester fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber and poly-1, 4-cyclohexyldimethylene terephthalate (PCDT) fiber.

58. A device for dyeing or coating, preferably according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 53, preferably according to any one of claims 54 to 57: synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers; or a yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a plurality of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of yarns; said yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, said device comprising:

x) a dyeing station (9), in particular a coating station (39) or a dyeing station (19), wherein a dye preparation comprising at least one pulverulent dye or pulverulent precursor dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco dye, and/or at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation, is applied to the fibers, one yarn, a plurality of yarns or the fabric conveyed through the dyeing station (9), and

w) a drying station (11, 211, 311), wherein the fiber, yarn or fabric is conveyed through the drying station (11, 211, 311) before it enters the dyeing station (9), in particular directly before it enters the dyeing station (9), so that the dye preparation is applied to the dried fiber, yarn or fabric in the dyeing station (9).

59. The device according to claim 58, wherein after leaving the drying station (11, 211, 311) the moisture content of the dried fiber, yarn or fabric is less than 1 wt. -%, preferably less than 0.5 wt. -%, more preferably less than 0.25 wt. -%, and/or the amount of dye formulation absorbed in the subsequent coloring station is preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 70%, most preferably at least 60% and/or preferably at most 90%, more preferably at most 80%, most preferably at most 70% of the dried mass of the fiber, yarn or fabric.

60. The device according to claim 58 or 59, wherein the drying station (11) comprises at least one, preferably at least two or four or six heated rolls, and/or preferably at most fourteen, more preferably at most twelve or ten or eight heated rolls (211), which rolls (211) preferably conductively heat the fibre, a yarn, a multitude of yarns or a fabric transported thereon by a surface temperature, preferably at least 100 ℃, more preferably at least 120 ℃, most preferably at least 130 ℃ and/or preferably at most 140 ℃, more preferably at most 130 ℃.

61. The device according to any of claims 58 to 60, wherein the drying station (11) comprises at least one tenter frame (311) wherein the fiber, yarn or fabric is heated by convection of air, preferably at a temperature of at least 120 ℃, more preferably at least 140 ℃, and/or preferably at most 180 ℃, more preferably at most 160 ℃, most preferably at most 145 ℃, or about 140 ℃.

62. The device according to any one of claims 58 to 61, further comprising a ventilation station (7) through which the fibre, yarn or fabric is conveyed before entering the drying station (11), in which the fibre, yarn or fabric is air-dried, wherein the temperature of the air is preferably at least 20 ℃ and/or at most 40 ℃, more preferably about 25 ℃.

63. The apparatus according to any one of claims 58 to 62, further comprising a pre-treatment station (15) for pre-treating the fiber, yarn or fabric with one of the aqueous solutions c1), c2) or c3), preferably by one of the pre-treatment steps d1), d2) or d3), before conveying the fiber, yarn or fabric sequentially through the drying station (11, 211, 311) and the coloring station (9), more preferably before conveying the fiber, yarn or fabric sequentially through the ventilation station (7), the drying station (11, 211, 311) and the coloring station (9).

64. Device for dyeing or coating fabrics comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers according to any of claims 58 to 63, or comprising or consisting of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, wherein the device is supplemented by a second device according to any of claims 58 to 63, wherein the dyeing station of the first device is a dyeing station (19), and wherein the dyeing station of the second device is a coating station (39), wherein the device is arranged to transport the fabrics through the dyeing station (19) before through the coating station (39).

65. Apparatus for dyeing or coating synthetic fibres, or one yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibres, or a plurality of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibres, according to any one of claims 58 to 63, wherein the apparatus is supplemented by a second apparatus according to any one of claims 57 to 62, wherein the dyeing station of the first apparatus is a dyeing station (19), and wherein the dyeing station of the second apparatus is a coating station (39), wherein the apparatus is arranged to transport the fibre, one yarn or plurality of yarns first through the dyeing station (19) and then through the coating station (39).

66. An apparatus for dyeing or coating a fibre, a yarn or a plurality of yarns according to claim 65, further comprising a weaving machine for weaving the fibre, a yarn or a plurality of yarns into a fabric after leaving the dyeing station (19) and before entering the coating station (39).

67. A device, preferably according to any one of claims 58 to 66, for dyeing, preferably according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 53, preferably according to any one of claims 54 to 55, of: synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers; or a yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a plurality of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, the device comprising:

x1) a dyeing station (19), wherein a dye preparation is applied to the fibre, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or a fabric conveyed through the dyeing station (19), wherein the dye preparation comprises at least one pulverulent dye or pulverulent precursor dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco dye, and/or at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation, and

y1) a drying station (11, 211, 311) and/or a hot-air ventilation station (117) in which the fibre, a yarn, a quantity of yarn or fabric to which the dye preparation is applied is dried, wherein the dyeing station (19) comprises only one vat (29) filled with the dye preparation, and wherein the rollers are arranged such that the fibre, a yarn, a quantity of yarn or fibre is immersed once in the dye preparation and then leaves the dye preparation for the drying station (11, 211, 311) and/or the hot-air ventilation station (7) without being immersed again in the dye preparation.

68. Apparatus according to claim 67, wherein the dyeing station (19) comprises at least two pressure rollers (415) opposite each other and forming a slit through which the fibre, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or a fabric is conveyed under pressure after leaving the dye preparation, preferably at least 60bar, more preferably at least 80bar, and/or preferably at most 110bar, more preferably at most 90 bar.

69. The device of claim 67 or 68, wherein the temperature of the dye formulation is at least 20 ℃, preferably at least 40 ℃, more preferably at least 50 ℃ and/or at most 90 ℃, preferably at most 70 ℃, more preferably at most 60 ℃.

70. Apparatus according to one of claims 60 to 69, wherein the amount of dye preparation applied to the fibre, a yarn, a mass of yarn or fabric after leaving the dyeing station is preferably at least 80%, and/or preferably at most 90%, more preferably about 90%, of the mass of the fibre, a yarn, a mass of yarn or fabric immediately before entering the dyeing station (19).

71. The device according to one of claims 58 to 70, further comprising a hot air ventilation station (117) through which the fiber, yarn or fabric is conveyed after leaving the dyeing station (19), in which the fiber, yarn or fabric is dried by hot air, wherein the temperature of the hot air is preferably at least 60 ℃, more preferably at least 80 ℃, most preferably at least 100 ℃, and/or preferably at most 140 ℃, more preferably at most 120 ℃, most preferably at most 110 ℃, or preferably about 100 ℃.

72. The device according to one of claims 58 to 71, further comprising a drying station (11, 211, 311) through which the fiber, yarn, mass of yarn or fabric is conveyed after leaving the dyeing station (19), preferably after leaving the dyeing station and after leaving a subsequent hot air ventilation station (117), wherein the drying station preferably comprises at least one, preferably at least two or four or six heated rolls and/or preferably at most fourteen, more preferably at most twelve or ten or eight heated rolls, which preferably heat the fiber, yarn, mass of yarn or fabric conveyed on the rolls by surface temperature conduction, the surface temperature preferably being at least 100 ℃, more preferably at least 120 ℃, most preferably at least 130 ℃ and/or preferably at most 140 ℃, more preferably at most 130 c and/or wherein the drying station preferably comprises at least one tenter frame wherein the fiber, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or a fabric is heated by convection of air, preferably the air has a temperature of at least 120 c, more preferably at least 140 c and/or preferably at most 180 c, more preferably at most 160 c, most preferably at most 145 c or about 140 c.

73. Apparatus according to one of claims 67 to 72, further comprising a pre-treatment station (15) for pre-treating the fiber, a yarn, a mass of yarns or fabric with one of the aqueous solutions c1), c2) or c3), preferably by one of the pre-treatment steps d1, d2) or d3, before conveying the fiber, a yarn, a mass of yarns or fabric through the dyeing station (19), preferably before conveying the fiber, a yarn, a mass of yarns or fabric sequentially through the drying station (11, 211, 311) and the dyeing station (19), more preferably before conveying the fiber, a yarn, a mass of yarns or fabric sequentially through the ventilation station (7), the drying station (11, 211, 311) and the dyeing station (19).

74. Device for dyeing or coating a fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, or comprising or consisting of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, according to one of claims 67 to 73, wherein the device is supplemented by a second device according to one of claims 58 to 63, wherein the dyeing station of the second device is a coating station (39), wherein the device is arranged such that the fabric is first conveyed through the dyeing station (19) and then through the coating station (39).

75. Device for dyeing or coating synthetic fibres, or one yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibres, or a plurality of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibres, according to one of claims 67 to 73, wherein the device is supplemented by a second device according to one of claims 58 to 63, wherein the dyeing station of the second device is a coating station (39), wherein the device is arranged such that the fibre, one yarn or a plurality of yarns is first conveyed through the dyeing station (19) and then through the coating station (39).

76. An apparatus for dyeing or coating said fiber, or a yarn, or a plurality of yarns according to claim 75, further comprising a weaving machine for weaving said fiber, yarn, or plurality of yarns into a fabric after exiting the dyeing station (19) and before entering the coating station (39).

77. A device, preferably according to one of claims 58 to 66, for coating, preferably according to the method of one of claims 1 to 53, preferably according to one of claims 56 to 57: synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers; or a yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a plurality of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, the device comprising:

x2), wherein a dye preparation is applied to the fiber, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or a fabric, in particular the fabric, conveyed through the coating station (39), wherein the dye preparation comprises at least one pulverulent dye or a pulverulent precursor dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco dye, and/or at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation.

78. Device according to claim 77, wherein the coating station comprises at least one post-metering device, such as a blade coater, in particular arranged with a floating knife, or a carpet knife, or a roller knife.

79. The device according to claim 77 or 78, which is supplemented by a drying station (11, 211, 311), through which the fiber, yarn or fabric is conveyed after leaving the coating station (39), wherein the drying station preferably comprises at least one, preferably at least two or four or six heated rolls, and/or preferably at most fourteen, more preferably at most twelve or ten or eight heated rolls, which preferably conductively heat the fiber, yarn or fabric conveyed on the rolls by a surface temperature, which preferably is at least 100 ℃, more preferably at least 120 ℃, most preferably at least 130 ℃ and/or preferably at most 140 ℃, more preferably at most 130 ℃, and/or wherein the drying station preferably comprises at least one tenter, wherein the fiber, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or a fabric is heated by convection of air, preferably the air has a temperature of at least 120 ℃, more preferably at least 140 ℃ and/or preferably at most 180 ℃, more preferably at most 160 ℃, most preferably at most 145 ℃, or about 140 ℃.

80. Apparatus according to one of claims 77 to 79, further comprising a pre-treatment station (15) for pre-treating the fiber, a yarn, a mass of yarns or fabric with one of the aqueous solutions c1), c2) or c3, preferably by one of the pre-treatment steps d1), d2) or d3, before conveying the fiber, a yarn, a mass of yarns or fabric through the coating station (39), preferably before conveying it in sequence through a drying station (11, 211, 311) and the coating station (39), more preferably before conveying it in sequence through a ventilation station (7), a drying station (11, 211, 311) and the coating station (39).

81. Device for dyeing or coating a fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, or comprising or consisting of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, according to one of claims 77 to 80, wherein the device is supplemented by a second device according to one of claims 58 to 76, wherein the dyeing station of the second device is a dyeing station (19), wherein the device is arranged to transport the fabric through the dyeing station (19) first and then through the coating station (39).

82. Device for dyeing or coating synthetic fibres, or one yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibres, or a plurality of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibres, according to one of claims 77 to 80, wherein the device is supplemented by a second device according to one of claims 58 to 76, wherein the dyeing station of the second device is a dyeing station (19), wherein the device is arranged such that the fibre, one yarn or a plurality of yarns is first conveyed through the dyeing station (19) and then through the coating station (39).

83. Apparatus for dyeing or coating the synthetic fibers or one yarn or a plurality of yarns according to claim 82, further comprising a weaving machine for weaving the fibers, one yarn or a plurality of yarns into a fabric after leaving the dyeing station (19) and before entering the coating station (39).

84. A device, preferably according to one of claims 58 to 83, for dyeing or coating, preferably according to the method of one of claims 1 to 53, preferably according to one of claims 54 to 57: synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers; or a yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a plurality of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers; or a fabric comprising or consisting of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, the device comprising:

x) a dyeing station (9), in particular a coating station (39) or a dyeing station (19), in which a dye preparation is applied to the fiber, a yarn, a mass of yarns or the fabric conveyed through the dyeing station (9), wherein the dye preparation comprises at least one pulverulent dye or pulverulent precursor dye, in particular a pulverulent leuco dye, and/or at least one aqueous dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco dye preparation, and

z1) a heat-fixing station (217, 311) through which the fibre, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or fabric to which the dye preparation has been applied is conveyed after leaving the colouring station (9) in order to fix the applied dye preparation to the fibre, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or fabric by heating the fibre, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or fabric, or

Z2) at least one, preferably three, chemical fixing stations (417) through which the fiber, a yarn, a multitude of yarns or a fabric, to which the dye preparation has been applied, is conveyed after leaving the dyeing station, wherein an aqueous preparation containing at least one condensation product of an aliphatic polyamine with a epihalohydrin, in particular epichlorohydrin, is applied to the fiber, a yarn, a multitude of yarns or a fabric, in order to fix the applied dye preparation to the fiber, a yarn, a multitude of yarns or fabric.

85. The apparatus according to claim 84, wherein the heat-fixing station comprises a tenter frame (311) wherein the fiber, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or a fabric is heated by convection of air, preferably the air has a temperature of at least 130 ℃, more preferably at least 150 ℃, most preferably at least 170 ℃ and/or preferably at most 220 ℃, more preferably at most 200 ℃, most preferably at most 180 ℃.

86. The apparatus of claim 84 or 85, wherein the temperature of the aqueous formulation in the at least one chemical fixation station is at least 40 ℃, preferably at least 55 ℃ and/or at most 95 ℃, preferably at most 85 ℃.

87. The device according to one of claims 84 to 86, comprising

A hot air ventilation station (117) through which the fiber, yarn or fabric is conveyed after leaving the colouring station (9) and before entering the fixing station (17), in which the fiber, yarn or fabric is dried by hot air, wherein the temperature of the hot air is preferably at least 60 ℃, more preferably at least 80 ℃, most preferably at least 100 ℃, and/or preferably at most 140 ℃, more preferably at most 120 ℃, most preferably at most 110 ℃, or preferably about 100 ℃.

88. The apparatus according to one of claims 84 to 87, further comprising a drying station (11, 211, 311) through which the fiber, yarn or fabric is conveyed after leaving the coloring station (9), preferably after leaving the coloring station and after leaving a subsequent hot air ventilation station (17), and before entering the fixing station (17), wherein the drying station preferably comprises at least one, preferably at least two or four or six heated rolls, and/or preferably at most fourteen, more preferably at most twelve or ten or eight heated rolls, wherein the rolls preferably heat the fiber, yarn or fabric conveyed on the rolls by surface temperature conduction, the surface temperature preferably being at least 100 ℃, more preferably at least 120 ℃, most preferably at least 130 ℃ and/or preferably at most 140 ℃, more preferably at most 130 ℃, and/or wherein the drying station preferably comprises at least one tenter frame wherein the fiber, a yarn, a plurality of yarns or a fabric is heated by convection of air, preferably the temperature of the air is at least 120 ℃, more preferably at least 140 ℃, and/or preferably at most 180 ℃, more preferably at most 160 ℃, most preferably at most 145 ℃, or about 140 ℃.

89. Device according to one of claims 58 to 66 or 74 to 88, in which the aqueous dye preparation has a viscosity of 10-70 Dpa-s, in particular 30-60 Dpa-s, each measured at 23 ± 5 ℃, preferably 23 ± 2.5 ℃, more preferably 23 ± 1.5 ℃, most preferably 23 ± 0.5 ℃.

90. The device according to one of claims 58 to 89, wherein the dye preparation applied to the fiber, a yarn, a mass of yarns or fabric conveyed through the dyeing station (9) is a vat dye, in particular selected from indigo, indigoid dyes, in particular isoindigo, indirubin and/or 6, 6' -dibromoindigo, such as tylviolet, indanthrone dyes, anthraquinone dyes, naphthalene dyes and mixtures thereof; alternatively, the precursor dye is a leuco dye, in particular selected from leuco-indigo, leuco-indigo dyes, in particular leuco-isoindigo, leuco-isatin and/or leuco-6, 6' -dibromoindigo, such as leuco-tylviolet, leuco-indanthrone dyes, leuco-anthraquinone dyes, leuco-naphthalene dyes and mixtures thereof.

91. Synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers or one yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers or a plurality of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers or a fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers or a yarn comprising or consisting of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, wherein the fibers are dyed and/or coated by a device according to one of claims 58 to 90 and/or by a method according to one of claims 1 to 53.

92. A synthetic fibre or a yarn or a plurality of yarns or fabrics according to claim 91 wherein said polyester fibre is selected from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibres and poly-1, 4-cyclohexyldimethanol terephthalate (PCDT) fibres.

93. Synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or a yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, or a plurality of yarns comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, or a fabric comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, or a yarn comprising or consisting of synthetic fibers, wherein,

the fibers are dyed or coated with a dye preparation comprising at least one pulverulent indigo dye or pulverulent precursor indigo dye, and/or wherein

The fibers are dyed or coated with at least one aqueous indigo dye preparation or at least one aqueous precursor indigo dye preparation, in particular a basic aqueous leuco indigo dye preparation, wherein

The dyed and/or coated fibers have a dry crockfastness of from 1.0 to 5.0, preferably from 2.0 to 4.0, more preferably from 2.5 to 3.5, wherein the dry crockfastness is in accordance with ISO 105-X12: 2001(E), and/or wherein

The dyed and/or coated fibers have a wet crockfastness of from 0.5 to 3.0, preferably from 1.5 to 2.5, more preferably from 1.0 to 2.0, wherein the wet crockfastness is in accordance with ISO 105-X12: 2001 (E).

94. Synthetic fibre or a yarn or a multitude of yarns or fabrics according to claim 91, wherein the fibre is dyed and/or coated by a device according to one of claims 58 to 90 and/or by a method according to one of claims 1 to 53.

95. A synthetic fibre or a yarn or a plurality of yarns or fabrics according to claim 93 or 94 wherein said fibre has been pre-treated with an aqueous system comprising at least one lipase, in particular a lipase from Candida species or with an aqueous system comprising nano-sized polyurethane particles, at least one cross-linking agent and at least one wetting agent.