阅读说明：本技术 一种三棱反射镜加工方法 (Machining method of three-edge reflector ) 是由 陈宝华 唐运海 吴泉英 张慧星 于 2020-07-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种三棱反射镜加工方法,属于光学超精密加工领域。技术方案：以一组适用于车削的精密机械夹具来保证,该夹具包括现有技术完成的精密三角基准块10及三角支撑底座20。两个待加工的反射镜30同时安装在三角基准块10的两侧,之后基准块10通过中心孔11与三角支撑底座20组合成一个整体,此支撑底座20底面固定于车床的真空吸盘并完成两个反射镜的单面车削,记录此时的进刀量；车削完成后松开中心孔螺丝,直接将三角基准块10绕其中心<I>O</I>转动120°后再次与三角支撑底座20组合,用上述方法一致的进刀量完成反射镜的第二个面车削,以此类推至所有面加工结束。该方法可以有效减小车削过程中的重复定位误差、面尺寸误差和提升车削效率。(The invention discloses a method for processing a triangular reflector, and belongs to the field of optical ultra-precision processing. The technical scheme is as follows: this is ensured by a set of precision mechanical fixtures suitable for turning, which comprises a precision triangular reference block 10 and a triangular support base 20 completed by the prior art. Two reflectors 30 to be processed are simultaneously arranged on two sides of a triangular reference block 10, then the reference block 10 and a triangular support base 20 are combined into a whole through a central hole 11, the bottom surface of the support base 20 is fixed on a vacuum chuck of a lathe and single-side turning of the two reflectors is completed, and the feed amount at the moment is recorded; after turning, loosening the screw of the center hole, and directly winding the triangular reference block 10 around the center O And after rotating 120 degrees, combining with the triangular support base 20 again, finishing the turning of the second surface of the reflector by the same feed amount in the method, and so on until the processing of all the surfaces is finished. The method can effectively reduce repeated positioning errors and surface size errors in the turning process and improve the turning efficiency.)

1. A method for processing a triangular reflector is characterized by comprising the following steps: the technical scheme comprises the following steps:

the method is realized by a symmetrical turning fixture consisting of the precise triangular reference block 10 and the triangular support base 20 which are finished in the prior art. Two reflectors 30 to be processed are simultaneously arranged on two sides of a triangular reference block 10, then the reference block 10 and a triangular support base 20 are combined into a whole through a central hole 11, the bottom surface of the support base 20 is fixed on a vacuum chuck of a lathe and single-side turning of the two reflectors is completed, and the feed amount at the moment is recorded; loosening and taking out a central hole screw after turning is finished, directly rotating the triangular reference block 10 by 120 degrees around the center O thereof, then combining the triangular reference block with the triangular support base 20 again, finishing the turning of the second surface of the reflector by the same feed amount in the method, and repeating the steps until all surfaces are finished;

three angles of the reference block 10 are all 60 degrees, and the error precision is controlled to be second-level and exceeds the required precision of the triangular reflector to be processed; three center holes 11 are uniformly distributed for 10 circles on a reference block, two side cylinders are connected with a triangular reflector to be processed, the side surface of the triangular reflector is provided with three positioning holes 12 which are matched and positioned with three positioning holes 31 of the reflector, and the horizontal end surface of the reflector after installation is ensured;

the included angle of the two surfaces of the supporting base 20 is 60 degrees, the precision is controlled at the second level, and the side surfaces are ground; the bottom surface is attached with a through hole which is matched and fixed with a lathe sucker;

the reference block 10 and the supporting base 20 are made of stainless steel, and the triangular reflector 30 is made of aluminum.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of optical ultra-precision machining, and particularly relates to a machining method of a triangular reflector.

Background

The three-edge reflector belongs to a laser scanning rotating mirror, and is provided with three reflecting surfaces, so that an incident beam can be reflected or refracted in a specific mode and time sequence, and deflection imaging of the beam is realized. At present, the ultraprecision machining of the multi-surface reflecting prism in China is mainly finished by milling with a single crystal fly cutter, and an autocollimation optical instrument is matched with the detection of the precision of a rotating angle, so that the integral structure and the mode are more complicated, and the efficiency is lower. For example, chinese patent CN1147378 discloses a "method for processing a high-precision metal scanning rotating mirror", which can reduce the mirror surface step, but has low processing efficiency, requires a large number of parts for matching a rotating table and an auto-collimation instrument, and is tedious to adjust. For another example, chinese patent CN108051880A discloses a method for processing a metal polygon scanning prism, which is only suitable for milling single crystal fly cutter and not suitable for turning because of asymmetric overall structure, and because a plurality of prisms are fixed together by long rods, the deformation is difficult to control, the difference in height of each prism cannot be effectively controlled, and the precision is difficult to ensure.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for machining the triangular reflector, which has high efficiency, small repeated positioning error and high surface size precision and is suitable for single-point diamond turning.

The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is that

The method is realized by a symmetrical turning fixture consisting of the precise triangular reference block 10 and the triangular support base 20 which are finished in the prior art. Two reflectors 30 to be processed are simultaneously arranged on two sides of a triangular reference block 10, then the reference block 10 and a triangular support base 20 are combined into a whole through a central hole 11, the bottom surface of the support base 20 is fixed on a vacuum chuck of a lathe and single-side turning of the two reflectors is completed, and the feed amount at the moment is recorded; and after turning is finished, loosening the central hole screw, directly rotating the triangular reference block 10 by 120 degrees around the center O thereof, then combining the triangular reference block with the triangular support base 20 again, finishing turning of the second surface of the reflector by the same feed amount in the method, and so on until all surfaces are machined.

Three angles of the reference block 10 are all 60 degrees, the error precision is controlled at the second level, and the precision exceeds the required precision of the triangular reflector to be processed; three center holes 11 are uniformly distributed for 10 circles on the reference block, cylinders on two sides are connected with the triangular reflector to be processed, the side surface of the triangular reflector is provided with three positioning holes 12 which are matched and positioned with three positioning holes 31 of the reflector, and the horizontal end surface of the reflector after installation is ensured.

The included angle of the two surfaces of the supporting base 20 is 60 degrees, the precision is controlled at the second level, and the side surfaces are ground; the bottom surface is attached with a through hole which is matched and fixed with a lathe sucker. The reference block 10 and the supporting base 20 are made of stainless steel, and the triangular reflector 30 is made of aluminum.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the method of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood, the method can be implemented according to the contents of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a triangular reflector and a fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a triangular support base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

description of the labeling: 10. a triangular reference block; 11. a central bore; 12. positioning holes; 20. a triangular support base; 21. a threaded hole; 22. Positioning bolts; 23. grinding the convex surface; 24. a through hole; 30. a triangular reflector; 31. a prism positioning hole; r, a monocrystal turning tool.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment.

Referring to fig. 1, the implementation method is as follows: two reflectors 30 to be processed are simultaneously arranged on two sides of a triangular reference block 10 through a positioning hole 31 and a positioning hole 12, then the reference block 10 and a triangular support base 20 are combined into a whole through a central hole 11, the bottom surface of the support base 20 is fixed on a single crystal cutter R for a vacuum chuck of a lathe through a through hole 24 to finish single-side turning of the two reflectors, and the cutter feeding amount at the moment is recorded; and after turning is finished, loosening the central hole screw, directly rotating the triangular reference block 10 by 120 degrees around the center O thereof, then combining the triangular reference block with the triangular support base 20 again, finishing turning of the second surface of the reflector by the same feed amount in the method, and so on until all surfaces are machined.

Referring to fig. 1, it is a schematic view of the overall structure of the triangular reflector and the fixture provided in this embodiment. The main parts of the structure are a precision triangular reference block 10 and a triangular support base 20 which are completed by the prior art. The three angles of the precise triangular reference block 10 are all 60 degrees, and the error precision is controlled to be second-level and exceeds the required precision of the triangular reflector to be processed; three center holes 11 are uniformly distributed for 10 circles on the reference block, cylinders on two sides are connected with the triangular reflector to be processed, the side face of the triangular reflector is provided with three positioning holes 12 which are matched and positioned with three positioning holes 31 of the prism, and the horizontal end face of the prism after installation is ensured.

Referring to fig. 2, it is a schematic structural diagram of the triangular support base 20 provided in this embodiment. The positioning bolt 22 in the structure can ensure that the mounting position of the triangular reference block 10 on the supporting base after rotating 120 degrees every time is consistent with that before rotating, and repeated positioning errors are eliminated. The grinding convex surface 23 can improve the matching precision of the reference block 10 and the supporting base 20 and also can correct the angle error.

The embodiment of the invention shows that the processing mode based on ultra-precision turning has compact integral structure and is completely symmetrical and beneficial to the dynamic balance calibration of the lathe; the combination of the reference block and the supporting base avoids the use of an optical autocollimator and a rotating disc, so that the processing is simplified; the efficiency is improved while the repeated positioning error is eliminated, and the method has great application potential in optical ultra-precision turning.