阅读说明：本技术 一种水性聚氨酯复合皮革及其制备方法 (Waterborne polyurethane composite leather and preparation method thereof ) 是由 胡超群 于 2020-07-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种水性聚氨酯复合皮革,包括基布层、接着层、表面层和表面处理层,其表面处理层包括聚氨酯、架桥剂、增粘剂和平滑剂；其表面层包括聚氨酯、架桥剂、增粘剂、颜料和溶解介质；其接着层包括聚氨酯、硬化剂、触媒、溶剂、阻燃剂和颜料；还提供该复合皮革制备方法包括表面层制作,接着层制作,将表面层、接着层和基布层粘接贴合在一起,剥离,熟化处理和表面层处理的步骤,通过对各层的组分的改善和制备方法,使其表面层能增强表面成膜及耐磨耗性能和柔韧性；同时其耐磨耗性、破断性、引张、引裂等各项强度随之增强,避免在长期日晒后,产品出现的脱皮、裂纹等现象。(The invention provides waterborne polyurethane composite leather, which comprises a base cloth layer, a bonding layer, a surface layer and a surface treatment layer, wherein the surface treatment layer comprises polyurethane, a bridging agent, a tackifier and a smoothing agent; the surface layer comprises polyurethane, a bridging agent, a tackifier, pigment and a dissolving medium; the adhesive layer comprises polyurethane, a hardener, a catalyst, a solvent, a flame retardant and a pigment; the preparation method of the composite leather also comprises the steps of surface layer preparation, adhesion layer preparation, surface layer bonding and sticking together of the adhesion layer and the base cloth layer, stripping, curing treatment and surface layer treatment, and the surface layer can enhance the surface film forming, the wear resistance and the flexibility by improving the components of each layer and the preparation method; meanwhile, the wear resistance, the breaking property, the stretching property, the crack property and other strengths of the product are enhanced, and the phenomena of peeling, cracking and the like of the product after long-term sun exposure are avoided.)

1. The waterborne polyurethane composite leather comprises a composite leather blank (5) and a surface treatment layer (4), and is characterized in that:

the composite leather blank (5) comprises a base cloth layer (1), an adhesion layer (2) and a surface layer (3), wherein the adhesion layer (2) is arranged between the base cloth layer (1) and the surface layer (3), and a surface treatment layer (4) coated on the surface layer (3).

2. The waterborne polyurethane composite leather of claim 1, wherein:

the surface treatment layer (4) comprises polyurethane, a bridging agent, a tackifier and a smoothing agent; the surface layer (3) comprises polyurethane, a bridging agent, a tackifier, pigment and a dissolving medium; the adhesive layer (2) comprises polyurethane, a hardener, a catalyst, a solvent, a flame retardant and a pigment.

3. The aqueous polyurethane composite leather according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the surface treatment layer (4) comprises the following material components in percentage by mass: 88.7 to 90.7 percent of polyurethane, 1.7 to 3.7 percent of bridging agent, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of tackifier and 6.1 to 8.1 percent of smoothing agent.

4. The aqueous polyurethane composite leather according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the surface layer (3) comprises the following material components in percentage by mass: 46.8 to 57.4 percent of polyurethane, 1.7 to 3.7 percent of bridging agent, 2.0 to 8.0 percent of tackifier, 9.9 to 16.5 percent of pigment and 26 to 28 percent of dissolving medium.

5. The aqueous polyurethane composite leather according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the adhesive layer (2) comprises the following material components in percentage by mass: 25.7 to 27.7 percent of polyurethane, 54.7 to 56.7 percent of hardener, 0.04 to 1.04 percent of accelerant, 3.4 to 5.4 percent of solvent, 10.6 to 12.6 percent of flame retardant and 0.6 to 2.6 percent of pigment.

6. The preparation method of the waterborne polyurethane composite leather is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1 surface layer preparation, wherein the surface layer (3) preparation comprises surface layer solution preparation, surface layer solution defoaming treatment, surface layer solution coating processing and surface layer drying and forming;

s2 manufacturing an adhesion layer, wherein the manufacturing of the adhesion layer (2) comprises preparing an adhesion layer solution, coating the adhesion layer solution, and drying and forming the adhesion layer;

s3, bonding and adhering the surface layer (3) obtained in the step S1, the bonding layer (2) obtained in the step S2 and the base cloth layer (1) together to form a composite leather blank (5);

s4, peeling, namely peeling the composite leather blank (5) obtained in the step S3 from a release paper mold to obtain the composite leather blank (5);

s5, curing, namely curing the composite leather blank (5) obtained in the step S4 in an oven and cooling to obtain a cured leather blank 5;

s6 surface layer treatment, namely performing surface layer treatment on the cured composite leather blank (5) obtained in the step S6 to obtain a surface treatment layer (4); the surface layer treatment comprises the steps of preparing surface treatment layer liquid, coating, processing and baking the surface treatment layer liquid, and the finished product of the composite leather is obtained.

7. The preparation method of the waterborne polyurethane composite leather according to claim 6, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:

the stirring speed of the prepared surface treatment layer liquid in the step S6 is 720-880 rpm, the stirring time is 60-65 min, and the viscosity of the surface treatment layer liquid is 1000-2000 cps; the coating speed of the surface treatment layer liquid is 13-15 m/min, and the using amount is 50g/m²～60g/m²The baking forming temperature of the surface treatment layer is 95-130 ℃, and the time is 2-3 min.

8. The preparation method of the waterborne polyurethane composite leather according to claim 6, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:

the stirring speed of the prepared surface layer solution in the step S1 is 720-880 rpm, the stirring time is 60-65 min, and the viscosity of the surface layer solution is 3000-5000 cps; the treatment time of the surface layer solution defoaming treatment is 60-65 min; the speed of the surface layer solution coating processing is 9 m/min-11 m/min, and the using amount is 75g/m²～125g/m²(ii) a The surface layer drying and forming temperature is 100-125 ℃, and the time is 2-3 min.

9. The preparation method of the waterborne polyurethane composite leather according to claim 6, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:

the stirring speed of the prepared solution of the bonding layer in the step S2 is 2300rpm to 2500 rpm; the speed of the coating processing of the solution of the adhesive layer is 9m/min to 11m/min, and the using amount is 153g/m²～187g/m²(ii) a The drying and forming temperature of the subsequent layer is 125-135 ℃, and the time is 2.5-3.5 min; the drying degree of the adhesive layer is 70-80%.

10. The preparation method of the waterborne polyurethane composite leather according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized by comprising the following steps:

the production environment temperature of the step S1 to the step S6 is 0 ℃ to 40 ℃, and the production environment humidity is 20 percent to 80 percent.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of polyurethane composite materials, in particular to waterborne polyurethane composite leather and a preparation method of the waterborne polyurethane composite leather.

Background

Polyurethane (abbreviated as PU) is short for Polyurethane, is a new organic polymer material, and is widely applied to numerous fields of national economy due to its excellent properties. The application field of the product relates to light industry, chemical industry, electronics, textile, medical treatment, building materials, automobiles, national defense, aerospace, aviation and the like. The polyurethane material is used as a leather finishing agent, artificial leather, a synthetic leather coating and an inner sole and an outer sole of a shoe, and has the following advantages: the density is low, the texture is soft, and the wearing is comfortable and portable; the dimensional stability is good, and the storage life is long; excellent wear resistance and flexing resistance; excellent shock absorption and anti-skid performance; better temperature resistance; good chemical resistance, etc. The polyurethane is widely used for manufacturing high-grade leather shoes, automobile interior ornaments and the like.

The light, environment-friendly and energy-saving synthetic leather with high wear resistance and high grade is the leading direction of the interior decoration materials of passenger vehicles in future. The environment-friendly solvent-free synthetic leather of the aqueous polyurethane product is suitable for interior decoration of a vehicle, but the production process and the processing method of the aqueous polyurethane product have the common problems of unstable quality and large product performance fluctuation in the processing process, and high production and manufacturing cost caused by the fact that the high strength requirement cannot be met. Therefore, the invention provides the waterborne polyurethane composite leather and the preparation method thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the waterborne polyurethane composite leather which comprises a base cloth layer, a bonding layer, a surface layer and a surface treatment layer, wherein the surface layer can enhance the surface film forming and abrasion resistance performance and improve the flexibility of the product by improving the components of each layer; form stable film strength; after the film forming strength of the composite leather is improved, the abrasion resistance, the breaking property, the tension, the crack and other strengths of the composite leather are enhanced. In addition, the composite leather also has excellent light aging resistant effect, and avoids the phenomena of peeling, cracks and the like of the product after long-term sun exposure.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a waterborne polyurethane composite leather, which comprises a composite leather blank and a surface treatment layer, wherein the composite leather blank comprises a base cloth layer, an adhesion layer and a surface layer, the adhesion layer is arranged between the base cloth layer and the surface layer, and the surface treatment layer is coated on the surface layer;

the surface treatment layer comprises polyurethane, a bridging agent, a tackifier and a smoothing agent; the surface layer comprises polyurethane, a bridging agent, a tackifier, pigment and a dissolving medium; the adhesion layer includes polyurethane, a hardener, a catalyst, a solvent, a flame retardant, and a pigment.

Further, the surface treatment layer comprises the following material components in percentage by mass: 88.7 to 90.7 percent of polyurethane, 1.7 to 3.7 percent of bridging agent, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of tackifier and 6.1 to 8.1 percent of smoothing agent;

further, the bridging agent is a multifunctional carbodiimide polymer, and the tackifier is an alkaline tackifier, such as an acrylic polymer; the smoothing agent is silicon series and silicon polymer thereof.

Further, the surface layer comprises the following material components in percentage by mass: 46.8-57.4% of polyurethane, 1.7-3.7% of bridging agent, 2.0-8.0% of tackifier, 9.9-16.5% of pigment and 26-28% of dissolving medium, wherein the dissolving medium is water.

Further, the material components of the adhesion layer are as follows by mass percent: 25.7 to 27.7 percent of polyurethane, 54.7 to 56.7 percent of hardener, 0.04 to 1.04 percent of accelerant, 3.4 to 5.4 percent of solvent, 10.6 to 12.6 percent of flame retardant and 0.6 to 2.6 percent of pigment;

furthermore, the hardening agent is a yellowing-resistant hardening agent, the catalyst is a special catalyst formed by amine organic acid salt, the solvent is butanone and polycondensate thereof, and the flame retardant is a phosphorus flame retardant.

Further, the base cloth layer is woven fabric, such as chemical fiber, cotton, woven fabric and water washing cloth, preferably, the base cloth layer has a thickness of 600-800 μm and a mass surface density of 180g/m²～220g/m²。

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the waterborne polyurethane composite leather, which comprises the following steps:

s1 surface layer preparation, wherein the surface layer preparation comprises surface layer solution preparation, surface layer solution defoaming treatment, surface layer solution coating processing and surface layer drying and forming to obtain a surface layer;

s2 manufacturing an adhesion layer, wherein the manufacturing of the adhesion layer comprises the steps of preparing an adhesion layer solution, coating the adhesion layer solution, drying and forming the adhesion layer to obtain the adhesion layer;

s3, bonding and adhering the surface layer obtained in the step S1, the bonding layer obtained in the step S2 and the base cloth layer together to form a composite leather blank;

s4, peeling, namely peeling the composite leather blank obtained in the step S3 from a release paper mold to obtain the composite leather blank;

s5, curing, namely curing the composite leather blank in the step S4 in an oven, and cooling to obtain a cured composite leather blank;

s6 surface layer treatment, namely performing surface layer treatment on the cured composite leather blank obtained in the step S6 to obtain a surface treatment layer; the surface layer treatment comprises the steps of preparing surface treatment layer liquid, coating, processing and baking the surface treatment layer liquid, and the finished product of the composite leather is obtained.

Preferably, the production environment temperature of the step S1 to the step S6 is 0 ℃ to 40 ℃, and the production environment humidity is 20% to 80%;

preferably, the steps S1 and S2 may be performed simultaneously, or the surface layer of step S1 may be first formed, and the subsequent layer of step S2 may be formed;

further, the stirring speed of the surface layer solution prepared in the step S1 is 720-880 rpm, the stirring time is 60-65 min, and the viscosity of the surface layer solution is 3000-5000 cps.

Preferably, the treatment time of the surface layer solution defoaming treatment in step S1 is 60 to 65 min. The prepared surface layer solution is defoamed by a circulating defoaming machine, so that the defoaming effect is fully ensured, and the surface layer solution is prevented from air entering in the conveying process during circulating use so as to improve the surface layer coating quality.

Preferably, the speed of the surface layer solution coating process in the step S1 is 9 m/min-11 m/min, and the using amount is 75g/m²～125g/m²。

Preferably, the surface layer drying and forming temperature in the step S1 is 100-125 ℃, and the time is 2-3 min.

Further, the stirring speed of the solution for preparing the subsequent layer in the step S2 is 2300rpm to 2500 rpm.

Preferably, the coating speed of the solution for the adhesive layer in step S2 is 9-11 m/min, and the amount used is 153g/m²～187g/m²。

Preferably, in the step S2, the drying and forming temperature of the adhesive layer is 125-135 ℃, the time is 2.5-3.5 min, and the drying degree of the adhesive layer is 70-80%.

Furthermore, the bonding speed of the step S3 is 8-10 m/min, and the bonding pressure is 0.2-0.3 MPa.

Further, the curing treatment temperature in the step S5 is 125-135 ℃, and the time is 2-10 min.

The stirring speed of the surface treatment layer liquid prepared in the step S6 is 720-880 rpm, the stirring time is 60-65 min, and the viscosity of the surface treatment layer liquid is 1000-2000 cps.

Preferably, the coating speed of the surface treatment layer liquid in the step S6 is 13 m/min-15 m/min, and the using amount is 50g/m²～60g/m²。

Preferably, the baking forming temperature of the surface treatment layer in the step S6 is 95-130 ℃, and the time is 2-3 min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the aqueous polyurethane composite leather comprises a base cloth layer, an adhesive layer, a surface layer and a surface treatment layer, and the wear resistance, the breaking property, the tension, the crack and other strengths of the layers are enhanced by improving the components of the layers. In addition, the composite leather also has excellent light aging resistant effect, and avoids the phenomena of peeling, cracks and the like of the product after long-term sun exposure.

2. In addition, the surface layer can enhance the surface film forming and abrasion resistance through a special preparation method, and the flexibility of the product is improved; form stable film strength; in particular, the treatment time for the surface layer solution defoaming treatment in step S1 is 60 to 65 min. The prepared surface layer solution is defoamed by a circulating defoaming machine, so that the defoaming effect is fully ensured, and the surface layer solution is prevented from air entering in the conveying process during circulating use so as to improve the surface layer coating quality.

3. According to the waterborne polyurethane composite leather, the strength of the composite leather is improved through the waterborne polyurethane raw material and the composite leather structure of specific components, the component performance and the preparation process of the product, so that the purpose of prolonging the service life of the product is achieved, and the product competitiveness is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of a preparation method of the waterborne polyurethane composite leather;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a waterborne polyurethane composite leather of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a performance test curve of example 1 of the waterborne polyurethane composite leather of the present invention.

The labels in the figure are: 1-base cloth layer, 2-adhesion layer, 3-surface layer, 4-surface treatment layer and 5-composite leather blank.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples, so that those skilled in the art can fully understand the technical contents of the present invention. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

The invention provides waterborne polyurethane composite leather and a preparation method thereof, and the waterborne polyurethane composite leather comprises a leather blank 5 and a surface treatment layer 4, wherein the leather blank 5 comprises a base cloth layer 1, an adhesive layer 2 and a surface layer 3, the adhesive layer 2 is arranged between the base cloth layer 1 and the surface layer 3, and the surface treatment layer 4 is coated on the surface layer 3.

As a further improvement, the surface treatment layer 4 comprises polyurethane, a bridging agent, an adhesion promoter and a smoothing agent; the surface treatment layer 4 comprises the following material components in percentage by mass: 88.7 to 90.7 percent of polyurethane, 1.7 to 3.7 percent of bridging agent, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of tackifier and 6.1 to 8.1 percent of smoothing agent; the bridging agent is multifunctional carbodiimide polymer, and the tackifier is alkaline tackifier, such as acrylic polymer; the smoothing agent is silicon series and silicon polymer thereof.

The surface layer 3 comprises polyurethane, a bridging agent, a tackifier, pigment and a dissolving medium; the surface layer 3 comprises the following material components in percentage by mass: 46.8 to 57.4 percent of polyurethane, 1.7 to 3.7 percent of bridging agent, 2.0 to 8.0 percent of tackifier, 9.9 to 16.5 percent of pigment, 26 to 28 percent of dissolving medium and water.

The adhesion layer 2 comprises polyurethane, a hardener, a catalyst, a solvent, a flame retardant and a pigment; the material components of the adhesion layer 2 comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 25.7 to 27.7 percent of polyurethane, 54.7 to 56.7 percent of hardener, 0.04 to 1.04 percent of accelerant, 3.4 to 5.4 percent of solvent, 10.6 to 12.6 percent of flame retardant and 0.6 to 2.6 percent of pigment; the hardening agent is yellowing resistant, the catalyst is special catalyst formed by amine organic acid salt, the solvent is butanone and polycondensate thereof, and the flame retardant is phosphorus flame retardant.

The base cloth layer 1 is woven fabric such as chemical fiber, cotton, woven fabric and water washing cloth; as a further improvement, the thickness of the base cloth layer is 600-800 μm, and the mass surface density is 180g/m²～220g/m²。

The invention also provides a preparation method for preparing the waterborne polyurethane composite leather, which comprises the following steps:

s1 surface layer preparation, wherein the surface layer 3 preparation comprises surface layer solution preparation, surface layer solution defoaming treatment, surface layer solution coating processing and surface layer drying and forming to obtain a surface layer 3; the stirring speed of the prepared surface layer solution is 720-880 rpm, the stirring time is 60-65 min, and the viscosity of the surface layer solution is 3000-5000 cps.

In the step S1, the treatment time for the surface layer solution defoaming treatment is 60 to 65 min. The prepared surface layer solution is defoamed by a circulating defoaming machine, so that the defoaming effect is fully ensured, and the surface layer solution is prevented from air entering in the conveying process during circulating use so as to improve the surface layer coating quality. The speed of the surface layer solution coating processing is 9 m/min-11 m/min, and the using amount is 75g/m²～125g/m². The surface layer is dried and formed at the temperature of 100-125 ℃ for 2-3 min.

S2 preparing the adhesive layer, preparing adhesive layer 2 including preparing adhesive layer solution, coating adhesive layer solution, baking and shapingA layer 2; the stirring speed of the prepared solution of the adhesive layer is 2300rpm to 2500 rpm. The speed of the coating processing of the solution of the adhesive layer is 9m/min to 11m/min, and the using amount is 153g/m²～187g/m². The drying and forming temperature of the subsequent layer is 125-135 ℃, the time is 2.5-3.5 min, and the drying degree of the subsequent layer is 70-80%.

S3, bonding and adhering the surface layer 3 obtained in the step S1, the bonding layer 2 obtained in the step S2 and the base cloth layer 1 together to form a composite leather blank 5; the bonding speed is 8m/min to 10m/min, and the bonding pressure is 0.2MPa to 0.3 MPa.

S4, peeling, namely peeling the composite leather blank 5 obtained in the step S3 from a release paper mold to obtain the composite leather blank 5;

s5, curing, namely curing the composite leather blank 5 obtained in the step S4 in an oven, and cooling to obtain a cured composite leather blank; the curing treatment temperature is 125-135 ℃, and the curing treatment time is 2-10 min.

S6, surface layer treatment, namely, performing surface layer treatment on the cured composite leather blank obtained in the step S6 to obtain a surface treatment layer 4; the surface layer treatment comprises the steps of preparing surface treatment layer liquid, coating, processing and baking the surface treatment layer liquid, and the finished product of the composite leather is obtained. The stirring speed of the prepared surface treatment layer liquid is 720-880 rpm, the stirring time is 60-65 min, and the viscosity of the surface treatment layer liquid is 1000-2000 cps; the coating speed of the surface treatment layer liquid is 13-15 m/min, and the using amount is 50g/m²～60g/m²The baking forming temperature of the surface treatment layer is 95-130 ℃, and the time is 2-3 min.

As a further improvement, the production environment temperature of the step S1 to the step S6 is 0 ℃ to 40 ℃, and the production environment humidity is 20 percent to 80 percent;

as a further improvement, step S1 and step S2 may be made simultaneously, or step S1 may be made first, followed by step S2 and then layer 2.