阅读说明：本技术 一种纤维素织物的印染工艺 (Printing and dyeing process of cellulose fabric ) 是由 何士新 钟俭 方杏朵 俞盈 吴燕琼 于 2020-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种纤维素织物的印染工艺,包括以下制备步骤,前处理；染色；固色：以水为溶剂,向水中加入18-22g/L的改性水性聚氨酯,搅拌均匀,将上述染色后的纤维素织物置于水中,控制浴比为1：(8-10)；控制温度为50-70℃,保温时间15-25min；皂洗；脱水；开幅；定型；所述改性水性聚氨酯是通过乙烯基三异丙氧硅烷、环氧树脂、甲基丙烯酸甲酯对水性聚氨酯共同改性得到本申请染成的织物具有固色效果好的优点。(The invention discloses a printing and dyeing process of cellulose fabric, which comprises the following preparation steps of pretreatment; dyeing; and (3) fixation: taking water as a solvent, adding 18-22g/L of modified waterborne polyurethane into the water, uniformly stirring, placing the dyed cellulose fabric into the water, and controlling the bath ratio to be 1: (8-10); controlling the temperature at 50-70 deg.C, and maintaining for 15-25 min; soaping; dehydrating; scutching; shaping; the modified waterborne polyurethane is obtained by jointly modifying the waterborne polyurethane through vinyl triisopropoxysilane, epoxy resin and methyl methacrylate, and the dyed fabric has the advantage of good color fixing effect.)

1. A printing and dyeing process of cellulose fabric is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps,

pre-treating; dyeing;

and (3) fixation: taking water as a solvent, adding 18-22g/L of modified waterborne polyurethane into the water, uniformly stirring, placing the dyed cellulose fabric into the water, and controlling the bath ratio to be 1: (8-10); controlling the temperature at 50-70 deg.C, and maintaining for 15-25 min;

soaping; dehydrating; scutching; shaping;

the modified waterborne polyurethane is obtained by modifying waterborne polyurethane through vinyl triisopropoxysilane, epoxy resin and methyl methacrylate.

2. The printing and dyeing process of the cellulose fabric according to claim 1, wherein the modified waterborne polyurethane is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

4-5 parts of vinyl triisopropoxysilane, 0.25-0.35 part of epoxy resin, 6-8 parts of methyl methacrylate, 0.1-0.15 part of initiator, 65-75 parts of waterborne polyurethane and 38-42 parts of water.

3. The process of claim 2, wherein the initiator is one of ammonium persulfate and sodium persulfate.

4. A process according to claim 2, wherein the printing of a cellulosic fabric is carried out by: the epoxy resin is bisphenol A type epoxy resin.

5. The printing and dyeing process of the cellulose fabric as claimed in claim 2, wherein the modified waterborne polyurethane comprises the following preparation steps:

mixing weighed vinyl triisopropoxysilane and methyl methacrylate, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material a;

putting the weighed initiator into water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to obtain a material b;

adding 30-50% of the total weight of the material a and 30-50% of the total weight of the material b into the weighed waterborne polyurethane, uniformly stirring, heating to 75-85 ℃, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 1-1.5h to obtain a material c;

adding the residual material a and the residual material b into the material c, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 3.5-4.5h to obtain a material d;

adding epoxy resin into the material d, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 75-85 ℃ for 1-1.5h to obtain a material e;

and cooling and drying the material e to obtain the modified waterborne polyurethane.

6. A process according to claim 1 for printing and dyeing a cellulosic fabric, wherein: the pretreatment comprises the following steps:

putting hydrogen peroxide, a cold batch additive and sodium hydroxide into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material f;

placing the cellulose fabric in the material f, soaking twice and rolling twice, wherein the liquid carrying rate is 80-100%, and cold stacking is carried out for 10-15h at the temperature of 25-30 ℃;

wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 15-25g/L, the mass concentration of the cold reactor auxiliary agent is 25-35g/L, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 30-40 g/L.

7. The process of printing and dyeing a cellulosic fabric according to claim 6, wherein: the cold batch auxiliary agent is a cold batch device 212.

8. A process according to claim 1 for printing and dyeing a cellulosic fabric, wherein: the dyeing steps are as follows:

adding dye, leveling agent and anhydrous sodium sulphate into water by using water as a solvent, uniformly stirring, controlling the bath ratio to be 1 (8-10), heating to 80-100 ℃, adding cellulose fabric, keeping the temperature for 30-40min, and washing with water;

wherein, the dye is 0.5-2% owf, the mass concentration of the leveling agent is 0.1-0.2g/L, and the mass concentration of the anhydrous sodium sulphate is 0.5-0.7 g/L.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of textile dyeing, in particular to a printing and dyeing process of cellulose fabric.

Background

When dyeing cellulosic fabrics, the main problems of dyes are: in the dyeing process, the dye is easy to hydrolyze, and part of the dye is not easy to bond with the fiber, so that the dyeing fastness is poor. Generally, the dyeing fastness of cellulose fabric is improved, coal dyeing is usually carried out by adopting a coal dyeing agent or color fixing treatment is carried out by using a color fixing agent, however, a mordant generally contains heavy metal ions, is attached to the fabric and is harmful to human health, and the discharge of waste liquid containing the heavy metal ions in the dyeing process pollutes the environment, does not meet the technical index requirements of various countries on the heavy metal content of ecological textiles, and is contrary to the purposes of natural dyeing and environmental protection; moreover, the addition of the mordant can change the color tone of the dye while improving the color fastness, and the fabric color after mordant dyeing is greatly changed. The other method is to adopt a color fixing agent for color fixing treatment to improve the color fastness, and is also a common color fixing technical means, but the color fixing agent generally contains formaldehyde or has the technical problem of releasing formaldehyde in the using process.

The waterborne polyurethane is a stable polyurethane emulsion formed by dispersing in water without an emulsifier by using water instead of an organic solvent as a dispersion medium, and has the advantages of no toxicity, environmental protection, non-flammability, energy conservation and easy processing on the basis of keeping the excellent film-forming property and comfort of the traditional solvent type polyurethane. As an aldehyde-free color fixing agent, the pure waterborne polyurethane has defects in the aspects of water resistance, heat-resistant stability, luster, hand feeling and the like after film forming due to the selection of synthetic raw materials and the difference of synthetic processes, so that the color fixing rate of the fabric is not high, and therefore, in order to effectively improve the comprehensive performance of the waterborne polyurethane color fixing agent, the chemical modification of the waterborne polyurethane color fixing agent is a hotspot of current research.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the first object of the invention is to provide a printing and dyeing process of cellulose fabric, which has the advantage of good color fixing effect.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a printing and dyeing process of cellulose fabric comprises the following preparation steps,

pre-treating; dyeing;

and (3) fixation: taking water as a solvent, adding 18-22g/L of modified waterborne polyurethane into the water, uniformly stirring, placing the dyed cellulose fabric into the water, and controlling the bath ratio to be 1: 8-10; controlling the temperature at 50-70 deg.C, and maintaining for 15-25 min;

soaping; dehydrating; scutching; shaping;

the modified waterborne polyurethane is obtained by modifying waterborne polyurethane through vinyl triisopropoxysilane, epoxy resin and methyl methacrylate.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the waterborne polyurethane is used as the color fixing agent, the waterborne polyurethane does not contain formaldehyde, the waterborne polyurethane forms a film by adhering to the surface of a dye molecule, carbonyl on the waterborne polyurethane reacts with active groups on a fiber fabric to form a three-dimensional cross-linked network structure on the surface of the fabric, and the dry-wet rubbing color fastness of the dyed fabric is improved; in order to prevent the aqueous polyurethane adhesive film from falling off, the water resistance, the cohesiveness and the heat resistance of the aqueous polyurethane adhesive film can be improved after the aqueous polyurethane adhesive film is modified, so that the stability of the dye on the fabric is better, and the fixation rate of the dye on the fiber fabric is improved; after the waterborne polyurethane is modified by the modifier, the waterborne polyurethane has better water resistance, the drying efficiency of the fabric is improved, and the flexibility of the fabric is improved after the vinyl triisopropoxysilane is added because the silicon-oxygen bond is easy to rotate.

Further, the modified waterborne polyurethane is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:

4-5 parts of vinyl triisopropoxysilane, 0.25-0.35 part of epoxy resin, 6-8 parts of methyl methacrylate, 0.1-0.15 part of initiator, 65-75 parts of waterborne polyurethane, 38-42 parts of water and 4-6 parts of acetone.

By adopting the technical scheme, the vinyl triisopropoxysilane, the methyl methacrylate and the waterborne polyurethane are subjected to copolymerization reaction, and after the polymerization is finished, the epoxy resin is added on the terminal chain of the copolymer; the addition of the epoxy resin can enable the epoxy resin to form a network structure, and can improve the heat resistance and the water resistance of the waterborne polyurethane.

Further, the initiator is one of ammonium persulfate or sodium persulfate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the sodium persulfate and the ammonium persulfate have good water solubility and good compatibility with polymers, and can better participate in the polymerization of waterborne polyurethane, so that the polymerization reaction is more uniform.

Further, the epoxy resin is bisphenol A type epoxy resin.

Further, the modified waterborne polyurethane comprises the following preparation steps:

mixing weighed vinyl triisopropoxysilane and methyl methacrylate, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material a;

putting the weighed initiator into water, dissolving and uniformly stirring to obtain a material b;

adding 30-50% of the total weight of the material a and 30-50% of the total weight of the material b into the weighed waterborne polyurethane, uniformly stirring, heating to 75-85 ℃, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 1-1.5h to obtain a material c;

adding the residual material a and the residual material b into the material c, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 3.5-4.5h to obtain a material d;

adding epoxy resin into the material d, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 75-85 ℃ for 1-1.5h to obtain a material e;

and cooling and drying the material e to obtain the modified waterborne polyurethane.

By adopting the technical scheme, the vinyl triisopropoxysilane, the methyl and the waterborne polyurethane emulsion are copolymerized, the epoxy resin is connected on the end chain after the copolymerization is finished, and the water resistance of the waterborne polyurethane used as the color fixing agent is improved after the reaction is finished.

Further, the pretreatment comprises the following steps:

putting hydrogen peroxide, a cold batch additive and sodium hydroxide into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material f;

placing the cellulose fabric in the material f, soaking twice and rolling twice, wherein the liquid carrying rate is 80-100%, and cold stacking is carried out for 10-15h at the temperature of 25-30 ℃;

wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 15-25g/L, the mass concentration of the cold reactor auxiliary agent is 25-35g/L, and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 30-40 g/L.

By adopting the technical scheme, the textile contains a considerable amount of impurities, wherein the impurities comprise sizing agent, oiling agent, greasy dirt and the like which are sticky in the spinning process, if the impurities and the dirt are not removed, the color and the hand feeling of the textile are influenced, the moisture absorption performance of the textile is also influenced, the coloring of the textile is not uniform, the color is not fresh, the dyeing fastness is also influenced, various impurities on the textile can be removed under the condition that the textile is slightly damaged by cold heaping, the textile is white and soft, and has good wetting performance, and the cost of pretreatment can be reduced by adopting the cold heaping process.

Further, the cold batch auxiliary agent is a cold batch device 212.

Further, the dyeing step is as follows:

adding dye, leveling agent and anhydrous sodium sulphate into water by using water as a solvent, uniformly stirring, controlling the bath ratio to be 1: 8-10, heating to 80-100 ℃, adding cellulose fabric, preserving heat for 30-40min, and washing with water;

wherein, the dye is 0.5-2% owf, the mass concentration of the leveling agent is 0.1-0.2g/L, and the mass concentration of the anhydrous sodium sulphate is 0.5-0.7 g/L.

By adopting the technical scheme, the dye, the leveling agent and the anhydrous sodium sulphate are added in the dyeing step, the dye is used for dyeing the fabric, and the addition of the anhydrous sodium sulphate can promote the dye to be dyed, improve the utilization rate of the dye and improve the dyeing rate; the addition of a leveling agent makes the dyeing more uniform.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, in order to prevent the aqueous polyurethane adhesive film from falling off, the aqueous polyurethane adhesive film can improve the water resistance, the cohesiveness and the heat resistance of the aqueous polyurethane adhesive film after being modified, so that the stability of the dye on the fabric is better, the color fixing rate and the rubbing fastness are improved, and the soaping fastness can reach 5 grades at most.

Secondly, the fiber fabric is pretreated to remove impurities on the surface, and then the fabric is dyed by the dyeing and dyeing steps, so that the fabric has a good dyeing effect, the dyeing rate is 92.2-94%, the waste of dye is reduced, and the utilization rate of dye is improved; the fixation step can increase fixation fastness.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

Raw materials

Aqueous polyurethane: aqueous polyurethane resin AH-1720A, available from Anhui Dahuatai New materials, Inc.;

vinyl triisopropoxysilane: purchased from Guangzhou Shuangtao Fine chemical Co., Ltd;

methyl methacrylate: purchased from lotus Huali new materials, Inc.;

epoxy resin: bisphenol a epoxy resin (E-44) available from jonan showy new materials ltd;

initiator: ammonium persulfate was analytically pure and purchased from Nanjing chemical reagents, Inc.;

sodium persulfate: analytically pure, purchased from the chemical industry ltd of the tin-free commercial crystal department;

hydrogen peroxide: hydrogen peroxide with the concentration of 27.5 percent, which is purchased from Shanghai morning yuan electronic materials Co., Ltd;

cold batch auxiliary agent: cold pad batch 212, available from jie wei industries ltd, Dongguan;

sodium hydroxide: 98-100% of the total weight of the composition, available from Jinxin Shengda chemical Co., Ltd;

leveling agent: model No. 185, purchased from southbound boya environmental technologies ltd;

anhydrous sodium sulphate: sodium sulfate, available from Hangzhou YingYu chemical Co., Ltd;

dye: diaminostilbene disulfonic acid direct dye, c.i. direct blue 106, was purchased from north huo norac technologies ltd.

Preparation of modified waterborne polyurethane

Preparation example 1

Placing 4kg of vinyl triisopropoxysilane and 6kg of methyl methacrylate which are weighed into a container for mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material a;

using water as a solvent, putting 0.1kg of weighed initiator and 38kg of water into a container for mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material b;

adding 30 percent of the total weight of the material a and 30 percent of the total weight of the material b into the weighed 65kg of waterborne polyurethane, stirring while adding, heating to 75 ℃ after uniformly stirring, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 1.5h to obtain a material c;

adding the residual material a and the residual material b into the material c while stirring, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 4.5 hours to obtain a material d;

adding 0.25kg of epoxy resin into the material d, fully and uniformly stirring at 75 ℃, and stirring for reaction for 1.5 hours to obtain a material e;

preparation example 2

Placing 5kg of vinyl triisopropoxysilane and 7kg of methyl methacrylate which are weighed into a container for mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material a;

using water as a solvent, putting 0.125kg of weighed initiator and 40kg of water into a container for mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material b;

adding 40 percent of the total weight of the material a and 40 percent of the total weight of the material b into weighed 70kg of waterborne polyurethane, stirring while adding, heating to 80 ℃ after uniformly stirring, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 1.25h to obtain a material c;

adding the residual material a and the residual material b into the material c while stirring, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 4 hours to obtain a material d;

adding 0.3kg of epoxy resin into the material d, fully and uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃, and stirring for reaction time to be 1.25h to obtain a material e;

and cooling and drying the material e to obtain the modified waterborne polyurethane.

Preparation example 3

Placing 5kg of vinyl triisopropoxysilane and 8kg of methyl methacrylate which are weighed into a container for mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material a;

using water as a solvent, putting 0.15kg of initiator and 42kg of water which are weighed into a container, mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain a material b;

adding 50 percent of the total weight of the material a and 50 percent of the total weight of the material b into 75kg of weighed waterborne polyurethane, stirring while adding, uniformly stirring, heating to 85 ℃, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 1h to obtain a material c;

adding the residual material a and the residual material b into the material c while stirring, and carrying out polymerization reaction for 3.5 hours to obtain a material d;

adding 0.35kg of epoxy resin into the material d, fully and uniformly stirring, controlling the temperature to be 85 ℃, and stirring for reacting for 1h to obtain a material e; and cooling and drying the material e to obtain the modified waterborne polyurethane.