阅读说明：本技术 一种掺巨菌草的混合板及其制造方法 (Mixed board doped with Jujun grass and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 刘平山 林占熺 林冬梅 陆懋圣 王志明 吕祥熙 何龙钦 于 2021-08-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于混合板技术领域,更具体地涉及一种掺巨菌草的混合板及其制备方法。本发明提供了一种掺巨菌草的混合板,以混合板的绝干重量百分比计,包含：25-30％巨菌草原料、70-75％木片,其中,所述巨菌草原料为生长期5-6个月的巨菌草。首次明确地提供了半年生左右的巨菌草掺杂其他常见木质原料作为纤维板原料的技术方案,为速生草本植物替代木本植物制造纤维板提供了详细的解决途径。本发明提供的掺巨菌草的混合板与全木质原料纤维板相比,具有相近的功能和性质,但是却可降低功率和木质原料的消耗,大大降低了林木砍伐量,使的板材制造业脱离速生林木原料供应,解决了林木栽培生长周期长、林木砍伐与生态环境健康相矛盾等问题。(The invention belongs to the technical field of mixed plates, and particularly relates to a mixed plate doped with Jujun grass and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides a mixed plate doped with Jujun grass, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight in oven-dried state: 25-30% of a pennisetum sinese raw material and 70-75% of wood chips, wherein the pennisetum sinese raw material is pennisetum sinese for 5-6 months in a long term. The technical scheme that the pennisetum hydridum which is about half a year old is doped with other common wood raw materials to serve as the raw materials of the fiber board is provided for the first time, and a detailed solution is provided for manufacturing the fiber board by replacing woody plants with fast-growing herbaceous plants. Compared with the all-wood raw material fiber board, the mixed board doped with the Jujun grass has similar functions and properties, but can reduce the consumption of power and wood raw materials, greatly reduce the cutting amount of the forest, separate the board manufacturing industry from the supply of the fast-growing forest raw materials, and solve the problems of long growth period of forest cultivation, contradiction between forest cutting and ecological environment health and the like.)

1. A pennisetum hydridum-doped mixing plate is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight in a dry state of the mixing plate: 25-30% of a pennisetum sinese raw material and 70-75% of wood chips, wherein the pennisetum sinese raw material is pennisetum sinese for 5-6 months in a long term.

2. The megalophorum-doped mixing plate of claim 1, wherein the wood pieces are eucalyptus pieces.

3. The manufacturing method of the mixed plate doped with the pennisetum sinese roxb is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

cutting: cutting 5-6 months old fresh Jujun grass with water content of 85-90% into pieces of 2-3 cm;

mixing: mixing the fresh pennisetum sinese roxb fragments with wood chips respectively accounting for 25-30% and 70-75% of the absolute dry weight percentage of the mixing plate to obtain a pennisetum sinese roxb-doped raw material;

and (3) cooking: carrying out high-pressure cooking softening on the giant fungus grass-doped raw material to obtain cooked giant fungus grass-doped raw material;

fiber splitting and sizing: mechanically disintegrating the cooked giant fungus-doped forage into fibers in a hot mill; adding an adhesive and an additive in the process of spraying fibers by a defibrator to obtain the sized Jujun grass-doped fibers;

and (3) drying: drying the glued Jujun grass-doped fiber to obtain the dried Jujun grass-doped fiber, wherein the volume weight of the glued Jujun grass-doped fiber is 80-90kg/m³；

Paving, sweeping and prepressing: paving, sweeping and pre-pressing the dried Jujun grass-doped fiber to obtain a Jujun grass-doped mixed plate blank, wherein the height of the Jujun grass-doped mixed plate blank is reduced by 15-20% compared with that of the all-wood fiber plate blank;

hot pressing: and carrying out hot pressing on the mixed blank plate doped with the Jujun grass to obtain the mixed plate doped with the Jujun grass.

4. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that the wood chips are eucalyptus chips.

5. The manufacturing method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cooking step comprises a cooking temperature of 170-.

6. The method of manufacturing of claim 3, wherein said defibering and sizing steps, said adhesive is urea formaldehyde resin.

7. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the drying step is performed using a flash dryer.

8. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the hot pressing step comprises a hot pressing temperature of 160-165 ℃, a hot pressing pressure of 190-220MPa, and a hot pressing time of 15-19 s/mm.

9. The method of claim 3, wherein the Megasphaera championii chips are used within 24 hours.

10. A pennisetum hydridum-doped mixing plate, characterized in that it is manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 3 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mixed plates, and particularly relates to a mixed plate doped with Jujun grass and a preparation method thereof.

Background

China is the biggest artificial board production base and export country in the world, and the annual demand for wood far exceeds the production capacity of wood. The artificial board product plays an important role in national economy and human material life as indispensable production and living data. In recent years, along with the reduction of forest resources and the improvement of environmental awareness, the industrial production potential needs to save wood resources as much as possible, and the production and the use of artificial boards are one of the main ways of saving and efficiently utilizing the wood resources.

The main raw materials of the fiber board are wood and residues of wood processing or other non-wood raw materials, the fiber board is processed into fibers, and the board is formed by applying adhesive and other additives through hot pressing, so that the fiber board has excellent cost performance and processability, the demand is on the rise, and the yield is the first in the world. Common materials of the medium-density fiberboard comprise pine and miscellaneous wood, fast-growing poplar wood, fast-growing eucalyptus globulus and the like, and the main components comprise wood fiber, resin glue and the like.

In 2015, the country proposed a policy to stop commercial felling of natural forests in its entirety. The cost of wood is gradually increased, and the contradiction between supply and demand is intensified. People begin to search for substitutes of wood raw materials, but the non-wood raw materials used at present, such as sugarcane, have the problems of strong seasonality of raw material acquisition, high acquisition cost and the like, so that the production cannot be scaled, and the quality of the raw materials is unstable due to the fact that the raw materials are greatly influenced by environmental factors in the acquisition season. Due to the physical and chemical properties of the sugarcane, a high-quality medium-density fiberboard cannot be produced. Later, the method does not need to replace wood raw materials with herbaceous plants for producing the boards, and the fiberboards with quality indexes and technical indexes meeting national and industrial standards are difficult to produce. Because the stems of woody plants and herbaceous plants have different structures and different characteristics such as water content and the like, the effect of replacing wood with grass is poor.

The fast-growing C.hutch is a new variety bred by crossing certain gramineous plants, has short production period and can be harvested for many times in one year. Patent document CN 107032668A provides a method for producing building materials and wood substitutes from fast-growing carbon hui grasses, which comprises the following steps: (1) harvesting the planted fast-growing carbon hui grass at proper time; (2) pretreating the fast-growing carbon sink grass according to the technical requirements of processing the fast-growing carbon sink grass into a foam fiberboard, a combined wall, light bricks and tiles, a flame-retardant insulation board, a wood substitute and a paper substitute; (3) producing foamed fiber board, combined wall, light brick and tile, fire retardant heat insulating board, wood substitute and paper substitute. The product produced by the technical scheme can replace light materials such as composite materials, EPS foaming plastics and the like, has beautiful appearance and good sealing property and buffering property, but the volume of the shaving board is larger, and the shaving board is heavier than other plates and is not suitable to be used as a shaving board raw material.

Patent document CN107027420A discloses that the giant fungus grass can be used as culture material, feed, biomass power generation, fiber board, etc., but it does not disclose the specific process of giant fungus grass when used in the manufacture of fiber board.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above technical problems in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a mixed plate containing Jujun grass and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the mixed plate containing Jujun grass can provide a certain amount of the mixed Jujun grass, and a clear technical scheme is provided for selecting the Jujun grass raw material in a certain growth period and the manufacturing method thereof. The technical scheme can effectively reduce the consumption of wood chips on the basis of ensuring the quality of the fiberboard, and provides a favorable technical approach for reducing forest felling and improving the manufacturing benefit of the board.

To achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present invention, the inventors provide a pennisetum hydridum-doped mixing plate, comprising, in weight percent oven-dried of the mixing plate: 25-30% of a pennisetum sinese raw material and 70-75% of wood chips, wherein the pennisetum sinese raw material is pennisetum sinese for 5-6 months in a long term.

The mixed board in the invention is not a wood composite board, but a fiber board of mixed raw materials of wood raw materials and pennisetum hydridum. The technical scheme of the invention improves the prior process for manufacturing the fiberboard by taking the wood raw material as the basic raw material, uses the giant fungus grass with short growing period as the substitute of the wood raw material, explores the possibility of manufacturing the fiberboard and provides a new technical thought for the application of the fast-growing giant fungus grass in the technical field of the fiberboard. As a fast-growing herbaceous plant, the Jujun grass is a family of the fungus grass and is characterized in that: (1) the growth speed is high, the yield is high, and the yield per mu of annual huge fungus can reach more than 30 tons; (2) the water content is high, the sugar content is high, and particularly, the top core leaves are excellent feed; (3) the cultivation cost is low, and the cultivation can be realized by inserting rods; (4) the requirement on soil quality is not high, and the method is the first choice plant for low-quality soil, desertification land and river beach land transformation. The water content of annual Jujun grass can reach 55-60%, and the water content of semiannual Jujun grass can reach 85-90%. Compared with other plant of the family, the plant has high water content, is not suitable for making board by whole plant, and can be mixed into wood raw material to make board to replace part of wood raw material.

Preferably, the wood chips are eucalyptus chips. The tree-by-tree is a fast-growing tree species with strong adaptability. Eucalyptus of different species has different properties. Generally, it has a high volume weight (500-³) High hot water extraction material content, short fiber and the like. The eucalyptus has a short growth cycle, generally 10-15 years. Artificially cultivated fast growing wood and natural fast growing woodCompared with raw wood, the volume weight is generally lower, the hot water extract content is lower, the fiber is shorter, but the fiber cell anatomy structure is the same.

In a second aspect of the present invention, the inventors provide a method for manufacturing a pennisetum hydridum-doped mixing plate, comprising the steps of:

cutting: cutting 5-6 months old Megalobaria gigantea with water content of 85-90% into pieces of 2-3cm to obtain fresh Megalobaria gigantea pieces;

mixing: mixing the fresh pennisetum sinese roxb fragments with wood chips respectively accounting for 25-30% and 70-75% of the absolute dry weight percentage of the mixing plate to obtain a pennisetum sinese roxb-doped raw material;

and (3) cooking: carrying out high-pressure cooking softening on the giant fungus grass-doped raw material to obtain cooked giant fungus grass-doped raw material;

fiber splitting and sizing: mechanically disintegrating the cooked giant fungus-doped forage into fibers in a hot mill; adding an adhesive and an additive in the process of spraying fibers by a defibrator to obtain the sized Jujun grass-doped fibers;

and (3) drying: drying the glued Jujun grass-doped fiber to obtain the dried Jujun grass-doped fiber, wherein the volume weight of the glued Jujun grass-doped fiber is 80-90kg/m³；

Paving, sweeping and prepressing: paving, sweeping and pre-pressing the dried Jujun grass-doped fiber to obtain a Jujun grass-doped mixed plate blank, wherein the height of the Jujun grass-doped mixed plate blank is reduced by 15-20% compared with that of the all-wood fiber plate blank;

hot pressing: and carrying out hot pressing on the mixed blank plate doped with the Jujun grass to obtain the mixed plate doped with the Jujun grass.

The water content of the pennisetum hydridum grown for 5-6 months is as high as 85-90%, the fiber content of the core and the leaves on the pennisetum hydridum is low, the water content is higher, the sugar content is high, and the pennisetum hydridum can be used as a high-quality feed source, but is not suitable for being made into plates. In the process of exploring the invention, the inventor discovers that although the addition of the grass core and the leaves of the Jujun grass to the board making does not have adverse effects, the yield of the fiber is low, the yield of the board making is not high, and the yield is higher if the Jujun grass is divided into the grass core and the leaves to be used as the feed.

According to the characteristics of the Jujun grass, the storage period of the harvested raw material for manufacturing the plate is not suitable to exceed 5 days, the raw material is cut into fresh Jujun grass fragments and then used within 24 hours, and the raw material is not suitable to be stored for a long time so as to avoid rotting, mildewing, fermenting and the like to cause the loss of effective raw materials.

As a preferred embodiment, the wood chips are eucalyptus chips.

As a preferable embodiment, in the cooking step, the cooking temperature is 170-175 ℃, the steam pressure is 8.0-8.3MPa, and the cooking time is 4-5 min.

In a preferred embodiment, in the step of defibering and sizing, the adhesive is urea-formaldehyde resin. The adhesive is the same as the adhesive used for manufacturing the board by using all-wood raw materials, and the glue application amount is unchanged. The volume weight of the fiber is 15-20% higher than that of the whole wood raw material and reaches 80-90kg/m³The power consumption is reduced by 10-15%. The height of the plate blank after paving and prepressing is reduced by 15-20% compared with the height of the fiber plate blank made of all-wood raw materials.

In a preferred embodiment, the drying step is performed by a flash dryer.

In a preferred embodiment, the hot pressing step comprises a hot pressing temperature of 160-.

In a preferred embodiment, the fresh Jujun grass pieces are used within 24 h.

In a third aspect of the present invention, the inventors provide a pennisetum hydridum-doped mixing plate manufactured by the manufacturing method of the second aspect of the present invention.

Different from the prior art, the technical scheme at least has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides the technical scheme that the Jujun grass growing for about half a year is doped with other common wood raw materials to be used as the raw materials of the fiber board for the first time, and provides a detailed solution for manufacturing the fiber board by using fast-growing herbaceous plants instead of woody plants. Compared with the all-wood raw material fiber board, the mixed board doped with the Jujun grass has similar functions and properties, but can reduce the consumption of power and wood raw materials, greatly reduce the cutting amount of the forest, separate the board manufacturing industry from the supply of the fast-growing forest raw materials, and solve the problems of long growth period of forest cultivation, contradiction between forest cutting and ecological environment health and the like.

Detailed Description

In order to explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical means in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a mixed plate doped with Jujun grass and a manufacturing method thereof. The mixed plate of the Meconopsis Erecti is 14.81mm thick and has a density of 740kg/m³The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

cutting: cutting 5-6 months old Jujun grass (the preservation time after harvesting is no more than 5 days) with water content of 85-90% into 2-3cm length to obtain fresh Jujun grass pieces;

mixing: mixing the fresh Jujun grass fragments (used within 24h after cutting so as to avoid the loss of effective substances in the raw materials after long-term storage) with wood chips according to the absolute dry weight percentage of a mixing plate, wherein the absolute dry weight percentage of the wood chips is respectively 25% and 75%, so as to obtain the raw materials doped with the Jujun grass;

and (3) cooking: the raw material doped with the giant fungus grass is subjected to high-pressure cooking softening, the cooking temperature is 170 ℃, the steam pressure is 8.1Mpa, and the cooking time is 4min, so that the cooked giant fungus grass material is obtained;

fiber splitting and sizing: mechanically disintegrating the cooked giant fungus-doped forage into fibers in a hot mill; adding an adhesive and an additive in the process of ejecting fibers by a defibrator, wherein the adhesive application amount is 15% of the modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive of the cooked giant-bacterium-doped forage, and the modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive and the additive are commonly used for wood raw material fiber boards, so as to obtain the giant-bacterium-doped fiber after adhesive application;

and (3) drying: drying the glued Jujun grass fiber by adopting a flash dryer, wherein the temperature of hot air and flue gas mixed gas at the inlet of the flash dryer is 140-160 ℃ to obtain the dried Jujun grass fiber, and the water content of the dried Jujun grass fiber is 8.5-9%, wherein the glue is appliedThe volume weight of the mixed Jujun grass fiber is 80-90kg/m³；

Paving, sweeping and prepressing: paving, sweeping and pre-pressing the dried Jujun grass-doped fiber to obtain a Jujun grass-doped mixed plate blank, wherein the height of the Jujun grass-doped mixed plate blank is reduced by 15% compared with that of the all-wood fiber plate blank;

hot pressing: and carrying out hot pressing on the mixed blank plate doped with the Jujun grass to obtain the mixed plate doped with the Jujun grass, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 160 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 190Mpa, and the hot pressing time is 15 s/mm.

Example 2

The difference from the example 1 is that the mixed pennisetum hydridum mixed plate obtained in the example has a thickness of 14.78mm and a density of 728kg/m³。

The manufacturing method of the present embodiment is different from that of embodiment 1 in that: mixing the fresh Jujun grass fragments and the wood chips respectively accounting for 28 percent and 72 percent of the oven-dried weight percentage of the mixing plate to obtain a raw material doped with the Jujun grass; and (3) cooking: the raw material doped with the giant fungus grass is subjected to high-pressure cooking softening, the cooking temperature is 175 ℃, the steam pressure is 8.3Mpa, and the cooking time is 5min, so that the cooked giant fungus grass material is obtained;

paving, sweeping and prepressing: paving, sweeping and pre-pressing the dried Jujun grass-doped fiber to obtain a Jujun grass-doped mixed plate blank, wherein the height of the Jujun grass-doped mixed plate blank is reduced by 18% compared with that of the all-wood fiber plate blank;

hot pressing: and carrying out hot pressing on the mixed blank plate doped with the Jujun grass to obtain the mixed plate doped with the Jujun grass, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 165 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 210Mpa, and the hot pressing time is 16 s/mm.

Example 3

The difference from example 1 is that the mixed board of pennisetum hydridum obtained in this example has a thickness of 14.79mm and a density of 710kg/m³。

The manufacturing method of the present embodiment is different from that of embodiment 1 in that: mixing the fresh Jujun grass fragments and the wood chips respectively accounting for 30 percent and 70 percent of the oven-dried weight percentage of the mixing plate to obtain a raw material doped with the Jujun grass; and (3) cooking: the raw material doped with the giant fungus grass is subjected to high-pressure cooking softening, the cooking temperature is 172 ℃, the steam pressure is 8.0Mpa, and the cooking time is 5min, so that the cooked giant fungus grass material is obtained;

paving, sweeping and prepressing: paving, sweeping and pre-pressing the dried Jujun grass-doped fiber to obtain a Jujun grass-doped mixed plate blank, wherein the height of the Jujun grass-doped mixed plate blank is reduced by 20% compared with that of the all-wood fiber plate blank;

hot pressing: and carrying out hot pressing on the mixed blank plate doped with the Jujun grass to obtain the mixed plate doped with the Jujun grass, wherein the hot pressing temperature is 164 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 220Mpa, and the hot pressing time is 19 s/mm.

The pennisetum hydridum-doped mixed plates of examples 1 to 3 were tested for water absorption thickness expansion rate, internal bonding strength, static bending strength and elastic modulus according to the method specified in GB/T11718-2009, and the test results are shown in table 1:

table 1 examples 1-3 results of performance testing of pennisetum hydridum-doped hybrid boards

Inspection item	Unit of	Standard specification value	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3
						Water content ratio	％	3-13.0	8.79	8.65	8.71
Static bending strength	MPa	μL：24.0	31.46	31.90	30.72
						Modulus of elasticity	MPa	μL：2300	2783	2800	2542
Internal bond strength	MPa	μL：0.45	0.65	0.70	0.70
						Water absorption thickness expansion rate	％	μL：12.0	10.49	10.43	10.95
Density of	g/cm3	/	0.74	0.728	0.71

It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by making changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein or by using equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed in the present specification, and are included in the scope of the present invention.