阅读说明：本技术 一种改性多组份复合纱线的制备方法 (Preparation method of modified multi-component composite yarn ) 是由 刘建忠 田卫东 张连生 陈洪奎 于 2020-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及复合纱线领域,具体涉及一种改性多组份复合纱线的制备方法,具体步骤为：(1)制备聚丙烯腈；(2)改性聚丙烯腈；(3)制备腈纶纤维；(4)抗菌改性；(5)混纺纱线：称取抗菌腈纶纤维、聚酯纤维和氨纶纤维混合,依次通过开清棉、梳棉、并条、粗纱、细纱和络筒工序,得到多组份复合纱线。本发明解决了腈纶纱线的吸湿性较差,穿着有闷气感,不能满足市场对腈纶纱线提出的更高的舒适性、亲肤性的需求。本发明选用聚酯纤维、氨纶纤维与本发明制备的抗菌腈纶纤维混合纺纱,使最终得到的纱线具有高弹性、高柔软性以及成本更低的优点。(The invention relates to the field of composite yarns, in particular to a preparation method of modified multi-component composite yarns, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing polyacrylonitrile; (2) modified polyacrylonitrile; (3) preparing acrylic fibers; (4) antibacterial modification; (5) blended yarn: weighing antibacterial acrylic fiber, polyester fiber and spandex fiber, mixing, and sequentially performing the processes of opening picking, carding, drawing, roving, spinning and spooling to obtain the multi-component composite yarn. The invention solves the problems that the acrylic yarn has poor hygroscopicity, is stuffy when being worn and cannot meet the requirements of higher comfort and skin-friendly property on the acrylic yarn in the market. The invention selects polyester fiber, spandex fiber and the antibacterial acrylic fiber prepared by the invention to mix and spin, so that the finally obtained yarn has the advantages of high elasticity, high softness and lower cost.)

1. A preparation method of modified multi-component composite yarn is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

(1) preparing polyacrylonitrile:

acrylonitrile monomer and vinyl acetate are subjected to polymerization reaction to obtain polyacrylonitrile;

(2) modified polyacrylonitrile:

firstly, activating and modifying polyacrylonitrile by using methylthiouracil to obtain pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile; then carrying out graft modification on the pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile by using N-tetradecyl-L-sodium phenylalanine to obtain modified polyacrylonitrile;

(3) preparing acrylic fibers:

preparing acrylic fibers by using the modified polyacrylonitrile through a wet spinning method;

(4) and (3) antibacterial modification:

carrying out antibacterial modification on the acrylic fibers by using amikacin;

(5) blended yarn:

and mixing the antibacterial acrylic fiber, the polyester fiber and the spandex fiber, and sequentially performing the processes of opening picking, carding, drawing, roving, spinning and spooling to obtain the modified multicomponent composite yarn.

2. The preparation method of the modified multicomponent composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) is specifically as follows:

s1, weighing acrylonitrile monomer, vinyl acetate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, adding into dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring uniformly, adding azodicarbonamide, stirring uniformly again, heating to 70-80 ℃, reacting for 2-5 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a polymerization solution;

wherein the mass ratio of the acrylonitrile monomer to the vinyl acetate to the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid to the azodicarbonamide to the dimethyl sulfoxide is 1: 0.1-0.5: 0.03-0.06: 0.05-0.08: 5-10;

s2, adding the polymerization solution into deionized water, settling for 2-5 hours, filtering, collecting solids, washing with dichloromethane for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain polyacrylonitrile;

wherein the volume ratio of the polymerization solution to the deionized water is 1: 2-3.

3. The preparation method of the modified multicomponent composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) is specifically as follows:

s1, weighing methylthiouracil, adding the methylthiouracil into a 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring until the methylthiouracil is completely dissolved, heating to 110-120 ℃, refluxing, immediately adding polyacrylonitrile, dispersing until the polyacrylonitrile is uniform, stirring for reacting for 8-10 hours, then dropwise adding 1mol/L acetic acid solution until the pH value is 6.0-7.0, filtering out solids, washing with hot water at 50-80 ℃ for three times, ventilating at room temperature in a shady place until no water is dripped out, and then placing in an oven at 70-80 ℃ for drying for 2-5 hours to obtain pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile;

wherein the mass ratio of the methylthiouracil to the polyacrylonitrile to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1: 1.5-3: 5-7;

s2, weighing N-tetradecyl-L-phenylalanine sodium, adding the N-tetradecyl-L-phenylalanine sodium into N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly, adding the pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile, pouring into a reaction kettle, heating to 120-150 ℃, carrying out sealed reaction for 5-8 hours, cooling to room temperature, washing with deionized water for three times, washing with acetone for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified polyacrylonitrile;

wherein the mass ratio of the N-tetradecyl-L-phenylalanine sodium to the pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 3.2-4.3: 6-12.

4. The preparation method of the modified multicomponent composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) is specifically as follows:

s1, weighing tetrahydrofuran and N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly mixing to form a mixed solvent, adding the modified polyacrylonitrile, and stirring to be uniform to form a modified polyacrylonitrile mixed solution;

the mass ratio of the modified polyacrylonitrile to the tetrahydrofuran to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 2-4: 3-6;

s2, adding an organic silicon softening agent into the modified polyacrylonitrile mixed solution, stirring uniformly, and continuously reacting for 2-5 hours under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a spinning solution;

wherein the mass ratio of the organic silicon softening agent to the modified polyacrylonitrile mixed solution is 1: 8-12;

and S3, preparing the spinning solution through wet spinning to obtain the acrylic fiber.

5. The preparation method of the modified multicomponent composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the step (4) is specifically as follows:

weighing amikacin and vinyl trimethoxy silane, adding the amikacin and the vinyl trimethoxy silane into deionized water, stirring until the amikacin and the vinyl trimethoxy silane are completely dissolved, adding the acrylic fiber, heating to 50-70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2-4 h, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-2 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with deionized water for three times, and naturally drying to obtain the antibacterial acrylic fiber;

wherein the mass ratio of amikacin, vinyl trimethoxy silane, acrylic fiber and deionized water is 1: 0.2-0.5: 10-20: 40-60.

6. The preparation method of the modified multicomponent composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the mass ratio of the antibacterial acrylic fiber to the polyester fiber to the spandex fiber is 5-8: 3-5: 0.1-2.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of composite yarns, in particular to a preparation method of modified multi-component composite yarns.

Background

The acrylic yarn is a raw material of textile yarn, has the characteristics of excellent heat retention, dyeing property, wool-like property and the like, and can be blended with terylene, viscose and cotton to prepare various exquisite fabrics, artificial fur and industrial products. The acrylic fabric has good heat resistance, occupies the second place of the synthetic fiber, and has excellent acid resistance, oxidation resistance and organic solvent resistance. The acrylic fabric belongs to a lighter fabric in the synthetic fiber fabric, and is second to polypropylene fiber, so that the acrylic fabric is a good light garment material, such as mountaineering wear, winter warm-keeping garment and the like. However, the acrylic yarn has poor hygroscopicity, is stuffy when worn, and cannot meet the requirements of higher comfort and skin-friendliness of the market on the acrylic yarn.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of modified multi-component composite yarn, which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing polyacrylonitrile:

acrylonitrile monomer and vinyl acetate are subjected to polymerization reaction to obtain polyacrylonitrile;

(2) modified polyacrylonitrile:

firstly, activating and modifying polyacrylonitrile by using methylthiouracil to obtain pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile; then carrying out graft modification on the pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile by using N-tetradecyl-L-sodium phenylalanine to obtain modified polyacrylonitrile;

(3) preparing acrylic fibers:

preparing acrylic fibers by using the modified polyacrylonitrile through a wet spinning method;

(4) and (3) antibacterial modification:

carrying out antibacterial modification on the acrylic fibers by using amikacin;

(5) blended yarn:

and mixing the antibacterial acrylic fiber, the polyester fiber and the spandex fiber, and sequentially performing the processes of opening picking, carding, drawing, roving, spinning and spooling to obtain the modified multicomponent composite yarn.

Preferably, the step (1) is specifically:

s1, weighing acrylonitrile monomer, vinyl acetate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, adding into dimethyl sulfoxide, stirring uniformly, adding azodicarbonamide, stirring uniformly again, heating to 70-80 ℃, reacting for 2-5 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a polymerization solution;

wherein the mass ratio of the acrylonitrile monomer to the vinyl acetate to the 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid to the azodicarbonamide to the dimethyl sulfoxide is 1: 0.1-0.5: 0.03-0.06: 0.05-0.08: 5-10;

s2, adding the polymerization solution into deionized water, settling for 2-5 hours, filtering, collecting solids, washing with dichloromethane for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain polyacrylonitrile;

wherein the volume ratio of the polymerization solution to the deionized water is 1: 2-3.

Preferably, the step (2) is specifically:

s1, weighing methylthiouracil, adding the methylthiouracil into a 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring until the methylthiouracil is completely dissolved, heating to 110-120 ℃, refluxing, immediately adding polyacrylonitrile, dispersing until the polyacrylonitrile is uniform, stirring for reacting for 8-10 hours, then dropwise adding 1mol/L acetic acid solution until the pH value is 6.0-7.0, filtering out solids, washing with hot water at 50-80 ℃ for three times, ventilating at room temperature in a shady place until no water is dripped out, and then placing in an oven at 70-80 ℃ for drying for 2-5 hours to obtain pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile;

wherein the mass ratio of the methylthiouracil to the polyacrylonitrile to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1: 1.5-3: 5-7;

s2, weighing N-tetradecyl-L-phenylalanine sodium, adding the N-tetradecyl-L-phenylalanine sodium into N, N-dimethylformamide, stirring uniformly, adding the pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile, pouring into a reaction kettle, heating to 120-150 ℃, carrying out sealed reaction for 5-8 hours, cooling to room temperature, washing with deionized water for three times, washing with acetone for three times, and drying under reduced pressure to obtain modified polyacrylonitrile;

wherein the mass ratio of the N-tetradecyl-L-phenylalanine sodium to the pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 3.2-4.3: 6-12.

Preferably, the step (3) is specifically:

s1, weighing tetrahydrofuran and N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly mixing to form a mixed solvent, adding the modified polyacrylonitrile, and stirring to be uniform to form a modified polyacrylonitrile mixed solution;

the mass ratio of the modified polyacrylonitrile to the tetrahydrofuran to the N, N-dimethylformamide is 1: 2-4: 3-6;

s2, adding an organic silicon softening agent into the modified polyacrylonitrile mixed solution, stirring uniformly, and continuously reacting for 2-5 hours under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a spinning solution;

wherein the mass ratio of the organic silicon softening agent to the modified polyacrylonitrile mixed solution is 1: 8-12;

and S3, preparing the spinning solution through wet spinning to obtain the acrylic fiber.

Preferably, the step (4) is specifically:

weighing amikacin and vinyl trimethoxy silane, adding the amikacin and the vinyl trimethoxy silane into deionized water, stirring until the amikacin and the vinyl trimethoxy silane are completely dissolved, adding the acrylic fiber, heating to 50-70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2-4 h, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-2 h, filtering to obtain a solid, washing the solid with deionized water for three times, and naturally drying to obtain the antibacterial acrylic fiber;

wherein the mass ratio of amikacin, vinyl trimethoxy silane, acrylic fiber and deionized water is 1: 0.2-0.5: 10-20: 40-60.

Preferably, in the step (5), the mass ratio of the antibacterial acrylic fiber to the antibacterial polyester fiber to the antibacterial spandex fiber is 5-8: 3-5: 0.1-2.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention provides a preparation method of modified multi-component composite yarn, which comprises the following steps of (1) preparing polyacrylonitrile by using acrylonitrile monomer and vinyl acetate; in the step (2), the methylthiouracil is used for activating and modifying polyacrylonitrile, so that the structure of the obtained pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile contains a large number of cyano groups and a large number of pyrimidine groups, and on one hand, the groups can be used as immobilized active centers, and on the other hand, the groups have good wettability to reaction reagents and can promote the contact of the active centers and subsequently added N-tetradecanoyl-L-phenylalanine sodium.

2. And (3) in the step (2), the pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile is further subjected to graft modification by using N-tetradecyl-L-phenylalanine sodium to obtain modified polyacrylonitrile, wherein the N-tetradecyl-L-phenylalanine sodium belongs to macromolecular chain amino acid salt and contains a large amount of acyl and amino, so that after the N-tetradecyl-L-phenylalanine sodium is grafted with an active functional group on the surface of the pyrimidyl polyacrylonitrile, the combination can be tighter, and the structure of the polyacrylonitrile is further improved. The hygroscopicity of the finally obtained modified polyacrylonitrile is greatly enhanced, and the mechanical strength of the polyacrylonitrile is further improved.

3. Preparing acrylic fibers by wet spinning, and then adding acamprosate to perform antibacterial treatment on the acrylic fibers in the step (4); the acamicin belongs to aminoglycosides, can inhibit the synthesis of bacterial protein, and has strong inhibitory effect on bacteria. The surface of the modified polyacrylonitrile prepared in the step (2) of the invention has more active groups, so that the acrylic fiber prepared in the step (3) has stronger adsorption performance, and the acamicin molecules contain a large amount of hydroxyl and amino groups, so that the adsorption and combination capacity of the acrylic fiber is stronger. In addition, the acrylic fiber prepared by the modification in the step (2) has a large specific surface area and can adsorb more acamicin molecules. Therefore, compared with the conventionally prepared acrylic fiber, the acrylic fiber prepared by the invention has stronger adsorbability and bonding capability.

4. The invention selects polyester fiber, spandex fiber and the antibacterial acrylic fiber prepared by the invention to mix and spin, so that the finally obtained yarn has the advantages of high elasticity, high softness and lower cost, and can also meet the requirements of higher comfort and skin-friendly performance of users.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following examples.