阅读说明：本技术 参考信号发送方法和装置 (Reference signal sending method and device ) 是由 胡远洲 汪凡 于 2019-04-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请提供了一种参考信号发送方法和装置,该方法包括根据ZC序列确定一个时域符号的时域连续信号,其中,所述ZC序列的长度为N,所述一个时域符号的时域连续信号的持续时间等于N·T<Sub>s</Sub>,或者,在所述一个时域符号的时域连续信号包括循环前缀的情况下,所述一个时域符号的时域连续信号的持续时间等于(N+N<Sub>cp</Sub>)·T<Sub>s</Sub>,N为正整数,N<Sub>cp</Sub>·T<Sub>s</Sub>为所述循环前缀的持续时间,N<Sub>cp</Sub>为正整数,T<Sub>s</Sub>为时间单位因子；在所述一个时域符号上发送所述一个时域符号的时域连续信号。上述技术方案中,能够生成峰均功率比较低的参考信号,从而降低参考信号对信号输出功率的影响,提高解调性能。(The method comprises the step of determining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol according to a ZC sequence, wherein the length of the ZC sequence is N, and the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T s Or, in case the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol comprises a cyclic prefix, the time duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N) cp )·T s N is a positive integer, N cp ·T s Is the duration, N, of the cyclic prefix cp Is a positive integer, T s Is a time unit factor; transmitting a time domain continuous signal of the one time domain symbol on the one time domain symbol. In the technical scheme, the reference signal with lower peak-to-average power ratio can be generated, so that the influence of the reference signal on the signal output power is reduced, and the demodulation performance is improved.)

1. A method for transmitting a reference signal, comprising:

determining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol according to a ZC sequence, wherein the length of the ZC sequence is N, and the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_sOr, in case the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol comprises a cyclic prefix, the time duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_sN is a positive integer, N_cp·T_sIs the duration, N, of the cyclic prefix_cpIs a positive integer, T_sIs a time unit factor;

transmitting a time domain continuous signal of the one time domain symbol on the one time domain symbol.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol from the ZC sequence comprises:

filtering the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol from the ZC sequence comprises:

adding a cyclic prefix and filtering to the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

4. A method as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein said determining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol from the ZC sequence further comprises:

performing a cyclic shift on the ZC sequence.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol from the ZC sequence comprises:

performing inverse Fourier transform and cyclic shift on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol from the ZC sequence comprises:

performing inverse Fourier transform on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol from the ZC sequence comprises:

carrying out phase rotation and inverse Fourier transform on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration time of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

8. The method of claim 4 or 5, further comprising:

receiving cyclic shift indication information, wherein the cyclic shift indication information is used for indicating the cyclic shift.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the cyclic shift indication information is carried in a Downlink Control Information (DCI) or a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message.

10. An apparatus for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. An apparatus comprising a processor and a memory, the memory coupled with the processor, the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1-9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a reference signal sending method and apparatus.

Background

In a communication system, when a transmitting end transmits data to a receiving end, time domain data generated by the transmitting end may be amplified by a Power Amplifier (PA) and then transmitted to the receiving end. The output power of data with a low peak to average power ratio (PAPR) after passing through the PA may be higher than that of data with a high PAPR after passing through the PA, and the receiver performance is better. Therefore, in order to ensure amplification efficiency and receiver performance, various low PAPR transmission waveforms are designed for time domain data in a communication system. Wherein, the peak-to-average power ratio is also called as the peak-to-average power ratio.

In general, a Reference Signal (RS) is also transmitted together with data, and in order to reduce the limit of the PAPR of the reference signal on the output power of the PA, it is necessary to consider designing a reference signal with a low PAPR.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a reference signal sending method and device, which can generate a reference signal with low peak-to-average power ratio, thereby reducing the influence of the reference signal on the signal output power and improving the demodulation performance.

In a first aspect, a method for sending a reference signal is provided, including: determining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol according to a ZC sequence, wherein the length of the ZC sequence is N, and the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_sOr, in case the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol comprises a cyclic prefix, the time duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_sN is a positive integer, N_cp·T_sIs the duration, N, of the cyclic prefix_cpIs a positive integer, T_sIs a time unit factor; transmitting a time domain continuous signal of the one time domain symbol on the one time domain symbol.

The embodiment of the application obtains the duration equal to N.T according to the ZC sequence with the length of N_sThe ZC sequence is constant modulus, a peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of the ZC sequence is 0dB, and the duration of the ZC sequence is equal to N.T_sProcess pair for obtaining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol from a ZC sequenceThe PAPR of the ZC sequence is less affected, so that the PAPR of the obtained time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol is approximately 0dB or equal to 0dB, and when the continuous signal of the time domain symbol is used as a reference signal, the PAPR of the reference signal is also approximately 0dB or equal to 0dB, and the PAPR of the reference signal is substantially the same as the PAPR of data transmitted using a single carrier waveform, and at the same time, compared with the PAPR of the reference signal of the existing system, the PAPR of the reference signal generated by the LTE, New Radio (NR) system may exceed 5dB, so that the output power of the power amplifier can be increased, and the demodulation performance can be improved.

It should be understood that the time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol in the embodiment of the present application may be used as a reference signal of one time-domain symbol, and in the embodiment of the present application, only by taking "the time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol" obtained according to the ZC sequence as an example, the reference signal transmission method in the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to determination of time-domain continuous signals of other time-domain symbols.

It should also be understood that in some embodiments, in the present application, "duration of time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol" may also be described as "duration of time domain continuous signal of one symbol", "length of one time domain symbol", "length of one symbol", and the like.

The processing operation performed on the ZC sequence in the embodiment of the present application includes processing the ZC sequence and indirectly processing the ZC sequence, and the indirectly processing the ZC sequence may be understood as processing an output signal obtained by performing one-step or multi-step processing on the ZC sequence.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: filtering the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: shaping the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the time domain symbolIs equal to N.T_s。

The ZC sequence with the length of N can be serialized through filtering or shaping to obtain a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol, the PAPR of the ZC sequence is slightly influenced by the filtering or shaping, so that the PAPR of the obtained time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is approximately equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, namely approximately 0dB, and when the continuous signal of the time domain symbol is used as a reference signal, the output power of a power amplifier can be improved when the continuous signal of the time domain symbol passes through the power amplifier, so that the demodulation performance is improved.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: adding a cyclic prefix and filtering to the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: adding a cyclic prefix and shaping to the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Adding a cyclic prefix to the ZC sequence, and then filtering or shaping the ZC sequence added with the cyclic prefix to serialize the ZC sequence, wherein the PAPR of the ZC sequence added with the cyclic prefix has little influence on the PAPR of the ZC sequence, so that the PAPR of a signal of the ZC sequence added with the cyclic prefix is approximately equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, and the PAPR of a signal of the ZC sequence added with the cyclic prefix is also little influenced by the filtering or shaping, so that the PAPR of an obtained time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol is approximately equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, namely approximately 0 dB. Therefore, the PAPR of the time domain continuous signal obtained by sequentially adding the cyclic prefix and filtering or sequentially adding the cyclic prefix and shaping is very low, and the continuous signal of the time domain symbol is used as a reference signal to improve the output power of the power amplifier when passing through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

It should be understood that the processing of adding cyclic prefix in the embodiment of the present application includes copying a piece of data at the tail of one data symbol to the head of the symbol (i.e. cyclic prefix), or copying a piece of data at the head of one data symbol to the tail of the symbol (i.e. cyclic suffix), or placing a portion of each copy of the data at the head and the tail of one data symbol to the tail and the head of the data symbol, respectively, to form a cyclic structure.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: performing cyclic shift and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: performing cyclic shift and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

The method comprises the steps of performing cyclic shift on a ZC sequence, and then filtering or shaping the ZC sequence after the cyclic shift so as to be continuous, wherein the PAPR of the ZC sequence is hardly influenced by the processing of the cyclic shift, so that the PAPR of a signal after the cyclic shift of the ZC sequence is equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, and the influence of the filtering or shaping processing on the PAPR of the signal after the cyclic shift of the ZC sequence is very small, so that the PAPR of an obtained time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol is approximately equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, namely approximately 0 dB. Therefore, the PAPR of the time domain continuous signal obtained through the cyclic shift and filtering or through the cyclic shift and shaping is very low, and the output power of the power amplifier can be increased when the continuous signal of one time domain symbol is used as a reference signal and passes through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

Meanwhile, the ZC sequence is subjected to cyclic shift processing, time domain continuous signals (namely reference signals) of a plurality of different time domain symbols can be obtained through the same ZC sequence, and when a plurality of terminal devices adopt the MIMO technology to transmit data, different terminals can obtain different reference signals according to the same ZC sequence, so that channels of different terminal devices can be distinguished when a receiving end demodulates, and the demodulation performance is ensured.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

The method comprises the steps of carrying out cyclic shift and cyclic prefix addition on a ZC sequence, and then filtering or shaping the ZC sequence subjected to cyclic shift and cyclic prefix addition to realize continuity of the ZC sequence, wherein the PAPR of the ZC sequence is hardly influenced by processing of the cyclic shift, so that the PAPR of a signal subjected to cyclic shift of the ZC sequence is equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, and the influence of the processing of the cyclic prefix addition and the filtering or shaping on the PAPR of the signal subjected to cyclic shift of the ZC sequence is small, so that the PAPR of an obtained time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol is approximately equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, namely approximately 0 dB. Therefore, the PAPR of the time domain continuous signal obtained by sequentially performing cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition, filtering processing or cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition, and shaping processing is very low, and the output power of the power amplifier can be increased when the continuous signal of one time domain symbol is used as a reference signal and passes through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

In the embodiment of the application, cyclic shift processing is performed on the ZC sequence, time domain continuous signals (namely reference signals) of a plurality of different time domain symbols can be obtained through the same ZC sequence, and when a plurality of terminal devices adopt a multi-input multi-output MIMO technology to send data, different terminals can obtain different reference signals according to the same ZC sequence, so that channels of different terminal devices can be distinguished when a receiving end demodulates, and the demodulation performance is ensured.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: performing inverse Fourier transform on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

The ZC sequence with the length of N can be serialized through inverse Fourier transform to obtain a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol, and the duration of the time domain continuous signal is equal to N.T_sThe inverse Fourier transform processing has no influence on the PAPR of the ZC sequence, so that the PAPR of the obtained time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol is equal to that of the ZC sequence, namely 0dB, the PAPR of the time domain continuous signal obtained through the inverse Fourier transform processing is very low, and the continuous signal of the time domain symbol as a reference signal can improve the output power of a power amplifier when passing through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: performing inverse Fourier transform and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: performing inverse Fourier transform and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: performing inverse Fourier transform on the ZC sequenceAnd adding a cyclic prefix to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out Fourier inversion, cyclic prefix addition and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration time of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out Fourier inversion, cyclic prefix addition and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In the embodiment of the application, the PAPR of the output signal in the process of obtaining the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol from the ZC sequence is affected little by the processing of adding the cyclic prefix, filtering and shaping, so that the PAPR of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol obtained by the processing is approximately equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, that is, approximately 0dB, and the output power of the power amplifier can be increased when the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is used as a reference signal and passes through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: performing inverse Fourier transform and cyclic shift on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

In the embodiment of the application, the inverse fourier transform processing and the cyclic shift processing have little or no influence on the PAPR of the output signal in the process of obtaining the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol from the ZC sequence, so that the PAPR of the obtained time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol is equal to or similar to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, and therefore, when the time domain continuous signal is used as a reference signal and passes through the power amplifier, the output power of the power amplifier can be improved, and the demodulation performance is improved.

Meanwhile, the cyclic shift processing is included in the embodiment of the application, time domain continuous signals (namely reference signals) of a plurality of different time domain symbols can be obtained through the same ZC sequence, and when a plurality of terminal devices adopt the MIMO technology to transmit data, different terminals can obtain different reference signals according to the same ZC sequence, so that channels of different terminal devices can be distinguished when a receiving end demodulates, and the demodulation performance is ensured.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out Fourier inverse transformation, cyclic shift and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration time of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out Fourier inverse transformation, cyclic shift and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration time of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out Fourier inversion, cyclic shift and cyclic prefix addition on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out Fourier inversion, cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain the ZC sequence IA time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol having a duration equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out Fourier inversion, cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In the embodiment of the application, the processing such as inverse fourier transform, cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition, filtering, shaping and the like has little influence on the PAPR of the output signal in the process of obtaining the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol from the ZC sequence, so that the PAPR of the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol obtained by sequentially performing the processing is approximately equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, that is, approximately 0dB, and the output power of the power amplifier can be increased when the continuous signal of one time domain symbol is used as a reference signal and passes through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: carrying out phase rotation and inverse Fourier transform on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration time of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

In the embodiment of the application, the phase rotation and inverse fourier transform processing have little or no influence on the PAPR of the output signal in the process of obtaining the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol from the ZC sequence, so that the PAPR of the obtained time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol is equal to or similar to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, and the continuous signal of one time domain symbol as a reference signal can improve the output power of the power amplifier when passing through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes:sequentially carrying out phase rotation, inverse Fourier transform and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration time of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out phase rotation, Fourier inverse transformation and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration time of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out phase rotation, Fourier inversion and cyclic prefix addition on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out phase rotation, Fourier inverse transformation, cyclic prefix addition and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In a possible implementation manner, the determining a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence includes: sequentially carrying out phase rotation, Fourier inverse transformation, cyclic prefix addition and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

In the embodiment of the application, the PAPR of the output signal in the process of obtaining the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol from the ZC sequence is affected little by the processing of phase rotation, inverse fourier transform, cyclic prefix addition, filtering, shaping, etc., so that the PAPR of the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol obtained by the processing is approximately equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, that is, approximately 0dB, and the output power of the power amplifier can be increased when the continuous signal of one time domain symbol is used as a reference signal and passes through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

In one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving cyclic shift indication information, wherein the cyclic shift indication information is used for indicating the cyclic shift.

In a possible implementation manner, the cyclic shift indication information is carried in downlink control information DCI or a radio resource control RRC message.

In a second aspect, an apparatus is provided for implementing the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

Optionally, the apparatus of the second aspect may be a terminal device, an apparatus in a terminal device, or an apparatus capable of being used in cooperation with a terminal device.

Optionally, the apparatus of the second aspect may be a network device, an apparatus in a network device, or an apparatus capable of being used in cooperation with a network device.

Alternatively, the network device may be a base station.

In a third aspect, an apparatus is provided, where the apparatus includes a module for performing one-to-one correspondence of the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the module may be a hardware circuit, a software circuit, or a combination of a hardware circuit and a software circuit.

Optionally, the apparatus of the third aspect may be a terminal device or a network device.

In a fourth aspect, there is provided an apparatus comprising a processor configured to implement the method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect. The apparatus may further comprise a memory coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to implement the method described in the first aspect or any of the possible implementations of the first aspect. The memory is illustratively used for storing instructions and data, and the processor, when executing the instructions stored in the memory, may implement the method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect. The apparatus may also include a communication interface for the apparatus to communicate with other devices, which may be, for example, a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface. Illustratively, the apparatus may be a terminal device, and the other device may be a network device; alternatively, the apparatus may be a network device, and the other device may be a terminal device.

In a fifth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which instructions are stored, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

A sixth aspect provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

In a seventh aspect, a chip system is provided, where the chip system includes a processor and may further include a memory, and is configured to implement the method according to the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect. The chip system may be formed by a chip, and may also include a chip and other discrete devices.

In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, where the communication system includes the apparatus described in the second aspect and a receiving apparatus, where the receiving apparatus is configured to receive a time-domain continuous signal sent by the apparatus described in the second aspect; or the communication system comprises the apparatus described in the third aspect and a receiving apparatus, wherein the receiving apparatus is configured to receive the time-domain continuous signal transmitted by the apparatus described in the third aspect; or the communication system comprises the apparatus described in the fourth aspect and a receiving apparatus, where the receiving apparatus is configured to receive the time-domain continuous signal sent by the apparatus described in the fourth aspect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic architectural diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a reference signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a reference signal transmission method according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a reference signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a reference signal transmission method according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a reference signal transmission method according to still another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a reference signal transmission method according to still another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart diagram of a reference signal transmission method according to still another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a diagram of communication resources according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

For the sake of easy understanding, technical terms related to the technical aspects of the present application will be explained below.

Symbol (symbol)

One symbol generally includes a Cyclic Prefix (CP) and time domain data for a period of time. In the embodiments of the present application, the CP is to be understood in a broad sense, and the CP may be a piece of data at the tail of a symbol copied to the head of the symbol (in this case, it may be referred to as a cyclic prefix), or a piece of data at the head of a symbolThe data copied to the tail of the symbol (in this case, it may also be called a cyclic suffix) or a part of the data copied from the head and the tail of a symbol may be placed at the tail and the head of the symbol, respectively, to form a cyclic structure, so as to avoid interference between signals. For example, a time-continuous signal of one symbol may be represented as s (t), and the duration may be (N + N)_cp)·T_sT is an arbitrary time on a symbol, N_cpIs represented by T_sLength of CP in units, N is T_sIs the length of the time domain data of the above-mentioned period of time in units of time. Let 0 ≦ t<(N+N_cp)·T_sThe time range in s (t) is 0-t<N_cp·T_sCan be regarded as CP, the time range in s (t) is N_cp·T_s≤t<(N_cp+N)·T_sThe time domain data of (2) may be regarded as the time domain data of the above-mentioned one period of time, and the duration of the time domain data of the one period of time is N · T_s。T_sIs a time unit factor, e.g. T_sThe time interval between two adjacent discrete data in the discrete data obtained by discrete sampling of the continuous time domain output data s (t) may be used.

Illustratively, in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, for example, when N is 2048, N is_cpIs 160 or 144, T_sWhich is 1/(15000 × 2048) seconds, one symbol consists of a cyclic prefix and time domain data with a duration of about 66.7 microseconds.

For example, in a New Radio (NR) system, as described in the 3GPP TS 38.211 protocol, the subcarrier spacing may be configured by a parameter μ, and the corresponding subcarrier spacing is Δ f — 2^μ15kHz, wherein μ can be an integer of 0,1,2, 3, 4, etc. The parameter corresponding to the time unit (time unit) in the NR is T_c，T_c＝1/(Δf_max·N_f) (ii) a Wherein Δ f_max＝480·10³Hz，N_f＝4096。T_s＝1/(Δf_ref·N_f,ref) Wherein Δ f_ref＝15·10³Hz，N_f,ref＝2048。T_cAnd T_sIs that k is T_s/T_c64. One symbol duration is

Wherein the time domain data of the corresponding period of time has a duration ofThe duration of the cyclic prefix is

p is the index of the symbol.Length of cyclic prefix (i.e. normal cyclic prefix) when using normal cyclic prefix

) Is 144 k.2^-μ+ 16K or 144 K.2^-μ。

In some embodiments, a symbol may include time domain data for a period of time without including a cyclic prefix or cyclic suffix. For example, if a time-domain continuous signal of a symbol can be represented as s (T), it lasts for a time length of N · T_sAnd N is the length of the time domain data of the period of time.

A symbol may be contained within a time cell, which may contain several symbols. The time unit may be a mini-slot (mini-slot), a slot (slot), a subframe (subframe), or a radio frame (radio frame), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. For example, one slot in an LTE system contains 7 or 6 symbols; one slot in a New Radio (NR) system contains 14 or 12 symbols. In the embodiment of the present application, "one symbol" may also be expressed as "one time domain symbol" or "one data symbol", and "a time domain continuous signal of one symbol" may be expressed as "a time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol", and for convenience of description, the following is collectively expressed as "one time domain symbol" and "a time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol".

When an inverse fourier transform is used in generating a time-domain continuous signal (time continuous signal) of one time-domain symbol, the time-domain symbol may be referred to as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, that is, an OFDM symbol. For example, in the NR standard protocol TS 38.211V15.3.0 or other versions of TS 38.211 (e.g., TS 38.211V15.2.0 or future protocol versions), a slot containsA number of consecutive OFDM symbols. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,is a positive integer, such as 1,2, 4, 6, 7, 12, or 14, and the like.

It should be further noted that, in this embodiment of the present application, a time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol may be understood as a signal transmitted on one time-domain symbol by a transmitting end.

Resource Element (RE)

A resource unit is a minimum physical resource, and in general, is also a minimum resource for carrying data. A resource element may correspond to a subcarrier (subcarrier) in the frequency domain and a time-domain symbol in the time domain (i.e., within a time-domain symbol). In other words, the location of the resource unit may be determined by the index of the time domain symbol and the index of the subcarrier. One RE can typically carry one complex data, e.g. for OFDM waveforms one RE carries one modulated data; for a single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) waveform, one RE carries one of output data obtained by fourier transform (fourier transform) of modulation data.

It should be understood that the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application may be applied to various communication systems, including but not limited to a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, an advanced long term evolution (LTE-a) system, a fifth-generation (5th-generation, 5G) mobile communication system, a narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) system, an enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) system, or an LTE-machine-to-machine (LTE-M) system. Among them, the 5G mobile communication system may also be referred to as a New Radio (NR) system.

It should also be understood that, when the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is applied in a communication system, the technical solution can be applied to various access technologies. For example, the present invention can be applied to an Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) technology or a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology. When the method is applied to the orthogonal multiple access technology, the method may be applied to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and the like, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. When the method is applied to the non-orthogonal multiple access technology, the method may be applied to Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA), multiple-user shared access (MUSA), Pattern Division Multiple Access (PDMA), Interleaved Grid Multiple Access (IGMA), resource extended multiple access (RSMA), non-orthogonal code multiple access (NCMA), or non-orthogonal code access (NOCA), and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

It should also be understood that the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application may be applied to various scheduling types when applied to a communication system. For example, it can be applied to grant-based scheduling or grant-free-based scheduling. When the method is applied to scheduling based on authorization, the network equipment can send scheduling information to the terminal equipment through dynamic signaling, the scheduling information carries transmission parameters, and the network equipment and the terminal equipment perform data transmission based on the transmission parameters. When the method is applied to the authorization-free scheduling, scheduling information can be preconfigured, or the network equipment can send the scheduling information to the terminal equipment through semi-static signaling, the scheduling information carries transmission parameters, and the network equipment and the terminal equipment perform data transmission based on the transmission parameters. The unlicensed scheduling may also be referred to as non-dynamic scheduling (non-dynamic scheduling), non-dynamic grant (non-dynamic grant), or other names, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited in particular.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application can be applied to wireless communication among communication devices. The communication devices can utilize air interface resources to carry out wireless communication. The communication device may include a network device and a terminal device, and the network device may also be referred to as a network side device. The air interface resources may include at least one of time domain resources, frequency domain resources, code resources, and spatial resources. In the embodiments of the present application, at least one may also be described as one or more, and a plurality may be two, three, four or more, which is not limited in the present application. The wireless communication between the communication devices may include: wireless communication between a network device and a terminal device, wireless communication between a network device and a network device, and wireless communication between a terminal device and a terminal device.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the term "wireless communication" may also be simply referred to as "communication", and the term "communication" may also be described as "data transmission", "signal transmission", "information transmission" or "transmission", and the like. In embodiments of the present application, the transmission may comprise sending or receiving. For example, the transmission may be an uplink transmission, for example, the terminal device may send a signal to the network device; the transmission may also be downlink transmission, for example, the network device may send a signal to the terminal device.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the communication devices may include a network device 110 and a terminal device 120.

It should be understood that fig. 1 only describes the wireless communication between the network device 110 and the terminal device 120 as an example, and in a specific implementation, the technical solution of the present application may also be applied to the wireless communication between the network device 110 and other network devices, and may also be applied to the wireless communication between the terminal device 120 and other terminal devices.

The network device 110 according to the embodiment of the present application includes a Base Station (BS), which may be a device deployed in a radio access network and capable of performing wireless communication with a terminal device, and therefore, the base station may also be referred to as an access network device or an access network node. It will be appreciated that in systems employing different radio access technologies, the names of devices that function as base stations may differ. For convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, apparatuses that provide a wireless access function for a terminal device are collectively referred to as a base station. The base station may have various forms, such as a macro base station, a micro base station, a relay station, an access point, and the like. For example, the base station related to the embodiment of the present application may be a next generation base station node (gNB or gnnodeb) in 5G or an evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB) in LTE, where the base station in 5G may also be referred to as a Transmission Reception Point (TRP). In this embodiment of the present application, the apparatus for implementing the function of the network device may be a network device, or may be an apparatus capable of supporting the network device to implement the function, for example, a chip system. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a device for implementing a function of a network device is a network device, and the network device is a base station, which is taken as an example, to describe the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application.

The terminal device 120 related to the embodiment of the present application may be referred to as a terminal, where the terminal may be a device having a wireless transceiving function, and the terminal may be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on the water surface (such as a ship and the like); and may also be deployed in the air (e.g., airplanes, balloons, satellites, etc.). Terminal equipment 120 may also be referred to as User Equipment (UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a wireless network device, a user agent, or a user device. The UE may include a handheld device with a wireless communication function, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a computing device, an unmanned aerial vehicle device, or a terminal device in any form in the internet of things, the internet of vehicles, and a future network. Illustratively, the UE may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer, or a computer with wireless transceiving function. The terminal device 120 may also be a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal device, an Augmented Reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in smart city (smart city), a wireless terminal in smart home (smart home), and so on. In the embodiment of the present application, the apparatus for implementing the function of the terminal may be the terminal, or may be an apparatus capable of supporting the terminal to implement the function, such as a chip system. In the embodiment of the present application, the chip system may be composed of a chip, and may also include a chip and other discrete devices. In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a device for implementing a function of a terminal is a terminal, and the terminal is a UE as an example, so as to describe the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Taking fig. 1 as an example, when the network device 110 and the terminal device 120 perform wireless communication, in order to ensure that a receiving end in a certain area can receive a satisfactory signal level and does not interfere with communication of an adjacent channel, a Power Amplifier (PA) is generally required to be arranged at a transmitting end, and the PA performs power amplification on a signal transmitted by the transmitting end to meet a requirement of transmission power (i.e., output power). Here, the sending end may be a network device, and the receiving end may be a terminal device; or the sending end is terminal equipment and the receiving end is network equipment.

For a PA, the signal before amplification is referred to as the input signal of the PA, and the signal after amplification is referred to as the output signal of the PA. The amplification function of the PA on the input signal includes a linear region and a nonlinear region. In the linear region, the power ratio of the output signal to the input signal of the PA is constant, i.e., the amplification gain of the PA is constant, and the input signal and the output signal are in the same phase or differ by a fixed phase value. In the nonlinear region, the amplification gain of the PA decreases with increasing input signal power, the PA amplification function is distorted, and the variation between the phases of the input signal and the output signal is also nonlinear. In other words, the PA may change the property of the signal to be transmitted in the nonlinear region, which may affect the demodulation performance of the signal at the receiving end. Therefore, it is desirable to have the operating point of the PA in a more linear region.

Generally, the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of an input signal waveform affects the output power of the input signal after passing through the PA. After the waveform with lower PAPR passes through the PA, the output power is larger than that of the waveform with higher PAPR, the demodulation performance is improved, and the performance of the receiver is better.

A single carrier waveform can transmit modulated data in the time domain, which can provide very low PAPR. For example, when an uplink single carrier quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM) waveform is used for transmitting data, the PAPR of generated time domain data is about 0 dB. If filtering, such as time-domain filtering, is performed on the uplink single-carrier quadrature amplitude modulation waveform, the PAPR of the generated time-domain data is improved, but is still relatively low, for example, the PAPR is improved to about 1 dB.

However, in the entire data transmission process, in addition to transmitting data, a Reference Signal (RS) may need to be transmitted. The reference signal may also be referred to as a pilot signal or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS). When the reference signal is used as the DMRS, the reference signal is transmitted together with data, is a signal known to both the transmitting end and the receiving end, and is mainly used to assist the receiving end in demodulating the data. For example, in the LTE system, during uplink communication, data uses a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) waveform, and a Zadoff-Chu sequence (also called ZC sequence) is used as a reference signal.

When a single carrier waveform is used for data transmission, it can provide a very low PAPR, and if the PAPR of the pilot sequence (i.e., Zadoff-chu (zc) sequence) of the demodulation reference signal is high, the reference signal may limit the output power of the PA when the reference signal is transmitted together with data, which affects the demodulation performance. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a reference signal with a low PAPR.

Embodiments of the present application provide a method for sending a reference signal, which can generate a reference signal with a low PAPR, for example, a reference signal with an PAPR of about 0 dB. The following describes the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application in detail with reference to fig. 2.

It should be noted that the reference signal generated by the reference signal transmission method according to the embodiment of the present application may be used as a demodulation reference signal of a single-carrier waveform, and may also be used as a demodulation reference signal of another waveform. However, as described above, the reference signals generated according to the method of the present application may also be used for reference signals of other waveforms, or transmitted together with other waveform data. The reference signal transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application may also be applied to other types of reference signals besides demodulation reference signals, for example, channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RS), channel Sounding Reference Signals (SRS), and the like. In the embodiment of the present application, the value of the reference signal is a ZC sequence as an example, and the value of the reference signal may also be other sequences, for example, other sequences that are constant modulus in the time domain and/or the frequency domain. When the value of the reference signal is other sequence, the ZC sequence in the method provided by the embodiment of the present application is replaced with the other sequence.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a reference signal transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application. The method of fig. 2 may be performed by a transmitting end. The transmitting end may be, for example, network device 110 or terminal device 120 shown in fig. 1. The method includes steps S210 to S220.

In step S210, the sending end determines a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol according to a ZC sequence, where the ZC sequence has a length of N, and a duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N · T_sOr, in case the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol comprises a cyclic prefix, the time duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s. N is a positive integer, N_cp·T_sIs the duration, N, of the cyclic prefix_cpIs a positive integer. The cyclic prefix in the embodiments of the present application is to be understood in a broad sense, and refers to a guard interval, that is, a guard interval includes not only copying a signal at the tail of a time domain symbol to the head, but also copying a signal at the head of a time domain symbol to the tail, or placing a portion of each copy of the head and the tail of the time domain symbol at the tail and the head of the time domain symbol, respectively. The case in which the signal at the head of the time domain symbol is copied to the tail may also be referred to as a Cyclic Suffix (CS).

T_sIs a time unit factor, e.g. T_sThe time interval between two adjacent discrete data in the discrete data obtained by discrete sampling of the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol may be used. In other words, T_sWhich may be the time interval between two time domain data of discrete samples within one time domain symbol.

When the one time domain symbol does not include a cyclic prefix, from the discrete perspective, the length of the one time domain symbol is N, that is, the number of discrete sampling points in the one time domain symbol is N, and N is a positive integer; from a continuous perspective, a time domain symbol is of length N · T_s. In other words, one time domain symbol has a duration of N.T_sOr a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol of duration N.T_s. When the one time domain symbol includes a length of N_cpWhen the cyclic prefix of (c) is repeated, the length of the time domain symbol is N + N from the discrete point of view_cp(ii) a From a continuous perspective, the one time domain symbol has a length of (N + N)_cp)·T_sOr one time domain symbol of duration (N + N)_cp)·T_sOr the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol has a duration of (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

The transmitting end determines a ZC sequence of length N in a time unit before performing step 210 or in a time unit for performing step 210.

Using x as follows_qIndicating a ZC sequence, then a ZC sequence x_qThis can be determined in the following manner.

When N is an even number, ZC sequenceColumn x_qCan be determined by the following equation:

when N is an odd number, ZC sequence x_qCan be determined by the following equation:

wherein x is_q(n) is x_qThe nth value of (a); n is the length of the ZC sequence and is a positive integer; q is the root of the ZC sequence, q is an integer, and q and N are relatively prime; j is an imaginary unit, the square of j is equal to-1; and pi is the circumferential ratio.

ZC sequence x_qIncluding N elements, e.g. x_q(0)、x_q(1)、x_q(2)…x_q(N-1). n is an index of each element of the ZC sequence, e.g., n-1 denotes x in the ZC sequence_q(1) N-1 denotes x in ZC sequence_q(N-1)。

The length N of the ZC sequence may be a predefined value in the communication protocol, and the root q may be calculated or selected from N according to a predefined formula. For example, the length N of the ZC sequence is even, and the root q may be an odd positive integer not exceeding N.

It should be understood that the root q of a ZC sequence is coprime to the length N of the ZC sequence, i.e., the greatest common divisor of the root q of a ZC sequence and the length N of a ZC sequence is 1. Illustratively, when the length N of the ZC sequence is an even number, the value of the root q may be an odd positive integer not exceeding N.

It is to be understood that the ZC sequence determined in the above manner is in a discrete form and is constant modulus (i.e., the modulus or amplitude of each element in the ZC sequence is the same), and the PAPR of the ZC sequence is 0 dB. It should be understood that the modification formula of the ZC sequence generation formula and the generation manner of other ZC sequences may also be applied to the method described in the embodiment of the present application, and in addition, the ZC sequence in the embodiment of the present application may also be stored in advance at the transmitting end, and the transmitting end reads the ZC sequence stored in advance when transmitting the reference signal without calculation by using the formula.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, a signal sent by a sending end on a time domain symbol after a ZC sequence is subjected to one or more processing operations may be referred to as a time domain continuous signal, and for convenience of description, the embodiment of the present application only describes determination of the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol, and the method of the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to other time domain symbols.

There are various ways for the transmitting end to determine a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol according to the ZC sequence. In the examples of the present application, x is used_timeDenotes a time domain continuous signal transmitted by a transmitting end on a time domain symbol, x when used to determine the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol_timeA time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol is represented.

The sending end can carry out continuous processing on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol.

In a first mode

As an example, the transmission end performs the continuity processing on the ZC sequence as filtering or shaping processing, in other words, the transmission end may perform filtering or shaping on the ZC sequence in the time domain to obtain a time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol, and the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the one time domain symbol is equal to N · T_s. The filtering of the ZC sequence may be performed by performing linear convolution (linear convolution) operation on the ZC sequence and a filter coefficient, or may be implemented by other filtering, and the filter may be a raised cosine (RRC) filter, a root raised cosine (SRRC) filter, or the like.

In this example, transmitted in the time domain is a time domain continuous signal x of one time domain symbol_timeIn a continuous form.

As a possible implementation, the ZC sequence can be filtered to obtain a continuous time domain continuous signal x_timeHere, filtering is understood to be time-domain filtering, and then the time-domain continuous signal x_timeCan be expressed as:

wherein x is_time(t) represents x_timeThe data at the t-th time in (1); f denotes the coefficients of the filter and,denotes the second in f

Filter coefficients for each time instant;

an offset factor for the filter, which may be a predefined fixed value or may be indicated by signaling; t is_sIs a time unit factor. t can be taken over a range of values t_start≤t<t_end，t_start、t、t_endAre all real numbers, t_end-t_start＝N·T_sE.g. t_start＝0，t_end＝N·T_s. The filter coefficients having a duration of N_filter·T_sIn which N is_filterIs a positive integer, N_filterFor the number of filter coefficients of discrete samples, the value range of t ' in the filter coefficients f (t ') may be 0 ≦ t '<N_filter·T_s. Alternatively,fixed at 0, i.e. not included in the above formula (3)An item.

x_q(i) Representing a ZC sequence x_qAnd the value range of the ith value is determined by the time t and the value range of the filter coefficient f. For example, supposeN_filter·T_s＝4T_s，0≤t<N·T_sWhen t is equal to 0, the value range of i is-4<i≤0；N_filter·T_s＝4T_s，0≤t<N·T_sWhen T is (N-1). T_sWhen i is in the range of N-1<i is less than or equal to N + 3. Time domain continuous signal x_timeWithin one time domain symbol, when p is used to represent the index of the one time domain symbol, the corresponding time domain continuous signal x_timeCan be expressed asI.e. a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol is

ZC sequence x corresponding to the time domain symbol_qCan be expressed asNamely, it isFor convenience of description, in the embodiments of the present application, x is used_timeRepresenting a time-domain continuous signal, also denoted by x, when the time-domain continuous signal is located within one time-domain symbol_timeRepresenting a time-continuous signal of a time-domain symbol. In the embodiment of the present application, time domain continuous signals determined by a transmitting end according to a ZC sequence are described by taking a time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol as an example.

It should be noted that, the time-domain filtering process for the time-domain symbol p is performed when i<Time-domain filtering of input data

Is the N + i th data in the input data of length N of the previous time domain symbol (e.g., time domain symbol p-1). That is to say i<At 0, assume that the input data of the previous time domain symbol is denoted as x^p-¹(i '), i' ═ 0,1,2, …, N-1, then there are

When i is larger than or equal to N, time-domain filtering input dataIs the i-N data in the input data of length N of the next time domain symbol (i.e., time domain symbol p + 1). That is, when i ≧ N, assume that the input data for the next time-domain symbol is denoted x^p+1(i '), i' ═ 0,1,2, …, N-1, then there are

By way of example and not limitation, the filtering of the ZC sequence described above results in a continuous time domain continuous signal x_timeAs shown in steps S410 and S430 in fig. 4.

Step S410 of generating ZC sequence x_qThen, the filtering of step S430 is performed, wherein the input data of the time domain filtering is ZC sequence x_qThe data output after filtering is a continuous signal x in time domain_time。

As another possible implementation, the ZC sequence can be shaped to obtain a continuous time domain continuous signal x_time。

Exemplary, time-domain continuous signal x_timeCan be expressed as:

x_time(t)＝x_q(n)·g(t-n×T_s)，n＝0,1,2,…,N-1 (4)

wherein x is_time(t) is x_timeThe value range of t can be t₁≤t≤t₂Or t is₁≤t<t₂Or t is₁<t≤t₂。t₁、t₂Are all real numbers, t₂-t₁＝T_s. E.g. t₁And t₂Can be taken as t₁＝(n-1)·T_s，t₂＝n·T_s(ii) a Or t₁＝n·T_s，t₂＝(n+1)·T_s。T_sIs a time unit factor, e.g. T_sMay be that x is_time(t) a time interval between two adjacent discrete data among the discrete data obtained by discrete sampling. g (t) is a shaping function, and g (t) may be predefined or may be indicated by a network side device, such as a base station, through signaling. x is the number of_q(n) is a ZC sequence x_qThe nth value of (a).

E.g. t₁＝n·T_s，t₂＝(n+1)·T_sG (t) may be expressed as:

suppose n.T_s≤t<(n+1)·T_sT is n.T_sFor x_time(t) discrete sampling is carried out to obtain

x_time(n·T_s)＝x_q(n)，n＝0,1,2,…,N-1 (6)

Therefore, according to the above formula, x is represented by_time(t) output data x after discrete sampling_time(n·T_s) And ZC sequence x_q(n) is uniform.

By way of example and not limitation, the above-mentioned shaping of the ZC sequence results in a continuous time domain continuous signal x_timeThe process of (2) is shown in steps S410 and S430 of fig. 4, wherein the filtering operation of step S430 is replaced by shaping, and details are not described again.

In two possible implementations enumerated above, when N in formula (3)_filter＝1，

The above filtering operation is equivalent to a certain shaping operation, as shown in equation (4).

The filtering or shaping process has little influence on the PAPR, so that the PAPR of the obtained data on the time domain is approximately 0dB when the ZC sequence carries out filtering or shaping.

As another example, the serialization processing of the transmission side on the ZC sequence may include adding a cyclic prefix and filtering processing, or the serialization processing of the transmission side on the ZC sequenceThe processing may include adding a cyclic prefix and shaping, in other words, the transmitting end may sequentially perform adding a cyclic prefix and time-domain filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a continuous time-domain signal, or the transmitting end may sequentially perform adding a cyclic prefix and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a continuous time-domain signal. The duration of a time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol obtained by adding the cyclic prefix is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

As a possible implementation manner, the sending end may add cyclic prefix and filtering to the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol, where the duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s. Here, for convenience of description, x may be used_cpDenotes data obtained by adding a cyclic prefix to a ZC sequence, and x is used_timeRepresents a pair x_cpAnd filtering to obtain a time domain continuous signal.

For example, in the add cyclic prefix operation, ZC sequence x_qData x obtained after adding cyclic prefix_cpCan be represented by the following formula:

x_cp(n')＝x_q((n'+offset)mod N)，n'＝0,1,2,…,N+N_cp-1 (7)

wherein x is_cp(n') is x_cpThe nth' value of; mod represents a modulo operation; n' is the sequence x_cpAn index of the middle element; n is a ZC sequence x_qLength of (d); offset is an offset, which is an integer, and can be indicated by higher layer signaling, such as DCI or RRC, or can be a predefined fixed value, such as an offset of-N_cp；N_cpLength of cyclic prefix added, N_cpIs an integer, N_cpThe value of (a) can be determined by the length of the ZC sequence and the sequence number of the time domain symbol used for transmitting the ZC sequence.

In the embodiment of the present application, for example, when the length N of the ZC sequence is 2048, one slot includes 14 time domain symbols, and the time domain symbol to transmit the ZC sequence is time domain symbol #0 or time domain symbol #7 in one slot, then N is_cpHas a value of 160; if the time domain of the ZC sequence is transmittedWhen the symbol is other time domain symbol except time domain symbol #0 and time domain symbol #7 in one time slot, then N_cpHas a value of 144. Optionally for N_cpReference may be made to the description of the LTE standard protocol 36.211 or to the description of the NR standard protocol 38.211.

In the embodiment of the present application, the offset may be fixed to-N, for example_cpThen the above equation (7) can be equivalent to dividing the ZC sequence x_qLast N of_cpAddition of data to x_qAs a cyclic prefix, to obtain output data x to which the cyclic prefix is added_cp. Of course, the offset can be fixed to other values, and the ZC sequence x can be duplicated_qThe other part of the data is used as a cyclic prefix or cyclic suffix.

In the filtering (which may be time-domain filtering), the input data of the time-domain filtering process is data x obtained by adding a cyclic prefix operation_cpIn this process, the time-domain continuous signal x can be expressed by equation (3)_time. It should be noted that, when the formula (3) is applied, the value range of t may be t_start≤t<t_end，t_start、t、t_endAre all real numbers, t_end-t_start＝(N_cp+N)·T_sThe values of other parameters can refer to the values of similar parameters in the formula (3).

By way of example and not limitation, the above mentioned ZC sequence is processed by adding cyclic prefix and filtering to obtain a continuous time domain signal x_timeAs shown in steps S410, S420 and S430 in fig. 4.

Step S410 of generating ZC sequence x_qThereafter, the ZC sequence x is checked in step S420_qAdding cyclic prefix to obtain output data x_cpIn step S430, for x_cpFiltering is carried out, wherein the input data of the time domain filtering is output data x obtained by adding a cyclic prefix to a ZC sequence_cpThe data output after filtering is a continuous signal x in time domain_time。

As another possible implementation manner, the transmitting end may add a cyclic prefix to the ZC sequenceAnd shaping to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol having a duration equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s. Here, for convenience of description, x may be used_cpDenotes data obtained by adding a cyclic prefix to a ZC sequence, and x is used_timeRepresents a pair x_cpAnd shaping to obtain a time domain continuous signal.

Illustratively, in the process of adding cyclic prefix to ZC sequence, ZC sequence x is added_qData x obtained after adding cyclic prefix_cpCan be expressed by the formula (7), and the values of the corresponding parameters are also referred to in the related description of the formula (7).

In the shaping process, the input data of the shaping process is data x obtained by adding cyclic prefix operation_cpIn the process, a time-domain continuous signal x_timeCan be expressed as:

x_time(t)＝x_cp(n')·g(t-n'×T_s)，n'＝0,1,2,…,N+N_cp-1 (8)

wherein x is_time(t) is x_timeThe value range of t can be t₁≤t≤t₂Or t is₁≤t<t₂Or t is₁<t≤t₂。t₁、t₂Are all real numbers, t₂-t₁＝T_s. E.g. t₁And t₂Can be taken as t₁＝(n’-1)·T_s，t₂＝n’·T_s(ii) a Or t₁＝n’·T_s，t₂＝(n’+1)·T_s。T_sIs a time unit factor, e.g. T_sMay be that x is_time(t) a time interval between two adjacent discrete data among the discrete data obtained by discrete sampling. g (t) is a shaping function, and g (t) may be predefined or may be indicated by a network side device, such as a base station, through signaling. x is the number of_cp(n') is data x obtained by adding cyclic prefix to ZC sequence_cpThe nth value of (a).

Similar to the above description of equation (8), when t is in the range of oneAt fixed value, T is equal to n' T_sFor x_time(t) output data x after discrete sampling_time(n’T_s) And x_cp(n') is uniform.

By way of example and not limitation, the above mentioned ZC sequence is added with cyclic prefix and shaped to obtain a continuous time domain signal x_timeAs shown in steps S410, S420 and S430 in fig. 4, wherein the filtering operation of step S430 is replaced by shaping, and details thereof are not described again.

The influence of the processing of adding the cyclic prefix on the PAPR is small, so that the PAPR of data obtained by adding the cyclic prefix to the ZC sequence in the time domain is approximately 0 dB.

In summary, since the PAPR of the ZC sequence is 0dB, the PAPR of the ZC sequence is affected little by the cyclic prefix adding operation, the filtering operation, or the shaping operation, and thus the time-domain continuous signal x of one time-domain symbol is obtained by the above several possible implementation manners_timeThe PAPR of (a) may also be approximately equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, i.e., approximately 0 dB. If the continuous signal of the time domain symbol is used as the reference signal, the PAPR of the reference signal is substantially the same as the PAPR of the data transmitted by using the single carrier waveform, and is greatly reduced compared with the PAPR of the reference signal of the existing system (for example, the PAPR of the reference signal generated by the LTE or NR system may exceed 5dB), and further, the output power of the power amplifier can be increased when the PAPR-reduced reference signal passes through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

Mode two

As yet another example, the serialization processing performed by the transmission side on the ZC sequence may include cyclic shift and filtering processing, or the serialization processing performed by the transmission side on the ZC sequence may include cyclic shift and shaping processing. In other words, the transmitting end may perform cyclic shift and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a continuous time domain signal, or may perform cyclic shift and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a continuous time domain signal. The duration of a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

As a possible implementation, the sending end mayTo cyclically shift and filter the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol, the duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol being equal to N.T_s. Here, for convenience of description, x may be used_csData obtained by cyclically shifting a ZC sequence is represented by x_timeRepresents a pair x_csAnd filtering to obtain a time domain continuous signal.

For example, in a cyclic shift operation, a transmitting end may align ZC sequences x_qBy usingThe cyclic shift is carried out in such a way that,is an integer which is the number of the whole,may be a positive or negative number. If it isFor positive numbers, it can be considered to refer to ZC sequence x_qMove to the left in a cycle If it isFor negative numbers, it can be considered to refer to ZC sequence x_qCyclic right shift absolute value

Illustratively, in a cyclic shift operation, a ZC sequence x is divided_qOutput data x obtained by cyclic shift_csCan be expressed as:

wherein x is_cs(n) is x_csThe value of (a) of (b),for the value of the cyclic shift, N is the length of the ZC sequence, N is the index of an element in the ZC sequence, and mod is the modulo operation.

Value of cyclic shiftMay be indicated by dynamic signaling, such as Downlink Control Information (DCI); or may be indicated by higher layer signaling, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) information, system messages, broadcast messages, or Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Elements (CEs); it can also be determined by a formula, for example:

wherein N is_csA variable being a value of the cyclic shift for determining the number of possible values of the cyclic shift, N_csMay be indicated by higher layer signaling or may be a predefined fixed value, e.g., N_csCan be fixed as 12 or 16. n is_csIs 0 to N_cs-any value between 1, n assigned to different terminal equipments_csMay be different, n_csMay be indicated by higher layer signaling or dynamic signaling.

Indicating a lower rounding.

In the filtering operation, the input data of the filtering process is output data x obtained by circularly shifting the ZC sequence_csIn the process, a time domain continuous signal x_timeCan be expressed as:

the continuation of the ZC sequence in the second mode corresponds to performing the operation of the first mode after the ZC sequence is cyclically shifted, in other words, in the second mode, the input data of the filtering operation is data x obtained by cyclically shifting the ZC sequence_csTherefore, similarly, the values of the relevant parameters in formula (11) can be referred to the corresponding parameter descriptions in formula (3).

By way of example and not limitation, the above-mentioned cyclic shift and filtering process of the ZC sequence results in a continuous time domain signal x_timeAs shown in steps S510, S520, and S540 in fig. 5.

Step S510 of generating ZC sequence x_qThereafter, the ZC sequence x is checked in step S520_qCyclic shift to obtain output data x_csIn step S540, x is corrected_csFiltering is carried out, wherein the input data of the time domain filtering is output data x obtained after the ZC sequence is circularly shifted_csThe data output after filtering is a continuous signal x in time domain_time。

As another possible implementation manner, the sending end can perform cyclic shift and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol, wherein the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s. Here, for convenience of description, x may be used_csData obtained by cyclically shifting a ZC sequence is represented by x_timeRepresents a pair x_csAnd shaping to obtain a time domain continuous signal.

The process of the transmission side performing cyclic shift on the ZC sequence is the same as the process represented by formula (9), and is not described herein again. In the shaping process, the sending end can obtain output data x by performing cyclic shift on the ZC sequence_csAfter shaping, a time domain continuous signal x is obtained_time，x_timeCan be expressed as:

x_time(t)＝x_cs(n)·g(t-n×T_s)，n＝0,1,2,…,N-1 (12)

time domain continuous signal x_timeIt can also be expressed as equation (13), which is equivalent to combining equations (9) and (12):

wherein x is_time(t) is x_timeData at the tth moment;for the value of the cyclic shift, N is the length of the ZC sequence, N is the index of an element in the ZC sequence, and mod is the modulo operation. Value of cyclic shiftThe determination method can be referred to the above description, and is not repeated herein. The values and the determinations of other parameters in the formulas (12) and (13) can be referred to the determination methods or the value ranges of the parameters in the formulas (4) and (9).

By way of example and not limitation, the above-mentioned cyclic shift and shaping of the ZC sequence results in a continuous time domain signal x_timeThe processing procedure of (3) is as shown in steps S510, S520 and S540 in fig. 5, wherein the filtering operation of step S540 is replaced by shaping, and details are not described again.

As another possible implementation manner, the sending end may sequentially perform cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition, and shaping on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol, and may further sequentially perform cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition, and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol, which is equivalent to the operation of adding the cyclic prefix between the cyclic shift and the filtering or shaping in the above-listed possible implementation manner, where the duration of the obtained time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain signal is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s. The operation of adding cyclic prefix is referred to formula (7), and the input data of the cyclic prefix adding process is data x obtained by subjecting the ZC sequence to cyclic shift processing_csAnd the input data to be filtered or shaped is x_csAnd adding cyclic prefix to obtain data.

By way of example and not limitation, the foregoing cycles ZC sequencesThe continuous time domain continuous signal x is obtained by ring shift, cyclic prefix addition and filtering processing_timeAs shown in steps S510 to S540 in fig. 5.

Step S510 of generating ZC sequence x_qThereafter, the ZC sequence x is checked in step S520_qCyclic shift to obtain output data x_csIn step S530, for x_csAdding cyclic prefix to obtain output data x_cpIn step S540, x is corrected_cpFiltering, wherein the input data of the time domain filtering is output data x obtained after the ZC sequence is subjected to cyclic shift and cyclic prefix addition_cpThe data output after filtering is a continuous signal x in time domain_time。

Optionally, the filtering operation of step S540 may be replaced by shaping, and details thereof are not described again.

The cyclic shift does not affect the PAPR of the ZC sequence, so the PAPR of data obtained by the ZC sequence after the cyclic shift in the time domain is approximately 0dB or equal to 0 dB.

In summary, since the PAPR of the ZC sequence is 0dB, the ZC sequence is cyclically shifted in the time domain without affecting the PAPR of the ZC sequence, and the PAPR of the ZC sequence is hardly affected by operations such as adding a cyclic prefix, filtering, or shaping, the time domain continuous signal x obtained after the processing in the second mode is processed_timeThe PAPR of (A) is approximately equal to the PAPR of the ZC sequence, i.e., approximately 0 dB. If the continuous signal of the time domain symbol is used as the reference signal, the PAPR of the reference signal is substantially the same as the PAPR of the data transmitted by using the single carrier waveform, and is greatly reduced compared with the PAPR of the reference signal of the existing system (for example, the PAPR of the reference signal generated by the LTE or NR system may exceed 5dB), and further, the output power of the power amplifier can be increased when the PAPR-reduced reference signal passes through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

Meanwhile, in the second mode, the ZC sequence is circularly shifted, and different terminal equipment can be provided with different n_csThat is, different terminals can obtain different reference signals according to the same ZC sequence, for example, when multiple terminal devices transmit data by using Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technologyConfiguring a plurality of terminal devices with different n_csThe receiving end can distinguish the channels of different terminal devices when demodulating, and the demodulation performance is ensured.

Mode III

As yet another example, the serialization processing of the ZC sequence by the transmission side may include Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing. In other words, the transmitting end can perform inverse fast fourier transform on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol, and the duration of the time-domain continuous signal of one symbol is equal to N · T_s。

Alternatively, the serialization processing of the ZC sequence by the transmission end may include IFFT processing and adding a cyclic prefix. In other words, the transmitting end may perform inverse fast fourier transform and cyclic prefix addition on the ZC sequence in sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol, where the duration of the time-domain continuous signal of one symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Illustratively, a time-domain continuous signal x of a time-domain symbol obtained after a ZC sequence is subjected to inverse fast Fourier transform and cyclic prefix addition_timeCan be expressed as:

wherein x is_time(t) is x_timeThe data at the t-th time. t is t_start≤t<t_end，t_start、t、t_endAre all real numbers, t_end-t_start＝(N+N_cp)·T_sE.g. t_start＝0，t_end＝(N+N_cp)·T_s. The length N of the ZC sequence is a positive integer, e.g., N2048, N · T_sIs the time length of the time domain data for a period of time. N is a radical of_cpLength of cyclic prefix, N_cp·T_sThe length of time of the cyclic prefix. Δ f is a subcarrier spacing, e.g., 1/(N · T)_s)。T_sIs a time unit factor, T_sMay be pre-configured or may beSignalling to the terminal equipment by network equipment, e.g. base station, e.g. T_sMay be that x is_time(t) a time interval between two adjacent discrete data among the discrete data obtained by discrete sampling. t is t_offsetFor time delay offset, t_offsetMay be preconfigured, e.g. t_offset＝-N_cp·T_s，t_offsetOr may be signalled to the terminal device by a network device, e.g. a base station. Alternatively, t_offsetMay be fixed to 0, i.e., t may be absent in the formula (14)_offsetAn item.

The coefficients of the output data power are adjusted for the inverse fourier transform,can be 1, k₁And k₂Is an integer and satisfies k₂-k₁＝N-1。k_re,offsetIs a frequency domain offset factor, k_re,offsetMay be preconfigured, e.g. k_re,offset＝1/2，k_re,offsetOr may be signalled to the terminal device by a network device, e.g. a base station. k is a radical of₁And k₂May be pre-configured or may be higher layer signaled, e.g., k₁＝0，k₂N-1; or

Alternatively, k_re,offsetMay be fixed to 0, i.e., k may be absent in formula (14)_re,offsetAn item.

For example, let t be assumed in the present embodiment_start＝0，t_end＝(N+N_cp)·T_s，t_offset＝-N_cp·T_s，k_re,offset0, with n' T_s，n’＝0,1,2,…,(N+N_cp) -1 continuous representation x of said inverse fourier transform when t is discretely sampled_time(t) after discrete sampling, a discrete representation can be obtained as follows:

illustratively, N in the examples of the present application_cpWhen 0, the equations (14) and (15) can be used to describe a continuous signal x of a time domain symbol obtained by inverse fast Fourier transform of a ZC sequence_timeThe process of (1).

Alternatively, the IFFT may be replaced by an Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) or other equivalent implementation. In the embodiment of the present application, performing IFFT or other equivalent processing on a ZC sequence may be understood as performing continuous processing on the ZC sequence.

By way of example and not limitation, the above-mentioned inverse fast fourier transform of the ZC sequence results in a time-domain continuous signal x_timeThe processing procedure of (2) is as shown in flow (a) of fig. 6.

Step S610 generates a ZC sequence x_qThereafter, ZC sequence x is mapped in step S620_qIFFT is carried out to obtain continuous signals x of output data in time domain_time。

Because the PAPR of the ZC sequence is 0dB, a time domain continuous signal x of a time domain symbol is obtained by performing inverse fast Fourier transform on the ZC sequence on a frequency domain_timeThe PAPR of (a) is still 0 dB. When the continuous signal of the time domain symbol is used as a reference signal, the PAPR of the reference signal is basically consistent with the PAPR of the data transmitted by adopting a single carrier waveform, and is greatly reduced compared with the PAPR of the reference signal of the existing system (for example, the PAPR of the reference signal generated by LTE and NR systems may exceed 5dB), and further, the output power of the power amplifier can be improved when the PAPR-reduced reference signal passes through the power amplifier, thereby improving the demodulation performance.

Mode IV

As still another example, the serialization process of the transmission side on the ZC sequence may include an IFFT and a cyclic shift process. In other words, the transmitting end may perform IFFT and cyclic shift on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol, where the time duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to N · T_s。

Alternatively, the serialization processing of the ZC sequence by the transmission side may include IFFT processing, cyclic shift processing, and cyclic prefix addition. In other words, the transmitting end may perform inverse fast fourier transform, cyclic shift processing and cyclic prefix adding on the ZC sequence in sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol, where the duration of the time-domain continuous signal of one symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Illustratively, a time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol obtained by subjecting a ZC sequence to IFFT and cyclic shift and adding a cyclic prefix can be represented by x_timeMeans that a time domain continuous signal x of one symbol_timeCan be determined by the following formula:

the formula (16) is equivalent to combining the formula (14) and the formula (9), and therefore, the formula

k₁，k₂，k_re,offset，t_offsetThe values are consistent with the foregoing description and are not repeated.

Similarly, the embodiments of the present application assume t_offset＝0，k_re,offset0, with n' T_s，n’＝0,1,2,…,(N+N_cp) -1 continuous representation form x of data output after inverse Fourier transform, cyclic shift and cyclic prefix addition when t is subjected to discrete sampling_time(t) after discrete sampling, a discrete representation can be obtained as follows:

illustratively, N in the examples of the present application_cpWhen 0, equation (16) can be used to describe a continuous signal x of one time domain symbol obtained by inverse fast fourier transform and cyclic shift of ZC sequence_timeThe process of (1).

Value of cyclic shiftMay be indicated by dynamic signaling, such as Downlink Control Information (DCI); may also be indicated by higher layer signaling, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) information; or may be determined by a formula, as described in formula (10), and will not be described herein.

By way of example and not limitation, the above-mentioned inverse fast fourier transform and cyclic shift of the ZC sequence yields a time-domain continuous signal x_timeThe processing procedure of (2) is as shown in flow (c) of fig. 7.

Step S710 of generating a ZC sequence x_qThereafter, in step S720, ZC sequence x is subjected to_qIFFT is carried out to obtain output data x_ifftIn step S730, for x_ifftCarrying out cyclic shift to obtain continuous time domain signal x_time。

Since the PAPR of the ZC sequence is 0dB, the duration obtained by performing inverse fast Fourier transform on the ZC sequence on a frequency domain is N.T_sThe PAPR of the output data of (1) is 0dB, and the duration is N.T_sThe PAPR of the time domain continuous signal obtained by cyclic shifting the output data of (1) is not changed and is still 0 dB. The inverse Fourier transform and the cyclic shift have little or no influence on the PAPR of an output signal in the process of obtaining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol by a ZC sequence, so that the PAPR of the obtained time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to or approximate to that of the ZC sequence, when the continuous signal of the time domain symbol is taken as a reference signal, the PAPR of the reference signal is also approximately 0dB or equal to 0dB, the PAPR of the reference signal is basically consistent with that of data transmitted by adopting a single carrier waveform, and simultaneously compared with the PAPR of the reference signal of the existing system, the PAPR of the reference signal is greatly reduced (for example, the PAPR of the reference signal generated by an LTE and NR system is possibly more than 5dB), the output power of a power amplifier can be improved when the PAPR of the.

Mode five

As yet another example, the serialization process of the ZC sequences by the transmitting end may beThe method comprises phase rotation and inverse fast Fourier transform processing, in other words, a sending end can perform phase rotation and IFFT on a ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol, and the duration of the time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

Alternatively, the serialization processing of the ZC sequence by the transmission end may include phase rotation, IFFT, and cyclic prefix addition. In other words, the transmitting end may perform phase rotation, IFFT, and cyclic prefix addition on the ZC sequence in sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol, where the duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

For example, a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol obtained by subjecting a ZC sequence to phase rotation, inverse fast Fourier transform and cyclic prefix can be represented by x_timeRepresents, a time-domain continuous signal x of a time-domain symbol_timeCan be determined by the following formula.

In the phase rotation process, for convenience of description, the data obtained after the ZC sequence is subjected to phase rotation is used as x_phaseDenotes, in particular, x_phaseCan be determined by the following equation:

x_phase(n)＝x_q(n)·e^j·α·n，n＝0,1,2,…,N-1 (18)

in the IFFT process, the input data of IFFT is x obtained by phase rotation of ZC sequence_phaseThen, a time domain continuous signal x of a symbol is obtained after IFFT and cyclic prefix addition_timeCan be expressed as:

wherein x is_phaseFor the rotated data of length N obtained by phase rotation of ZC sequence, x_phase(n) is x_phaseThe nth value of (a); x is the number of_timeIs x_phaseTime-domain continuous signal x of a time-domain symbol obtained by inverse fast Fourier transform_time(t) is x_timeThe value at the t-th time. Alpha is a phase rotation factorSub, α may be indicated by higher layer signaling or dynamic signaling, or α is a predefined fixed value.

Wherein

k₁，k₂，k_re,offset，t_offsetThe values are consistent with the foregoing description and are not repeated.

Similarly, the embodiments of the present application assume t_offset＝0，k_re,offset0, with n' T_s，n’＝0,1,2,…,(N+N_cp) -1 continuous representation form x of data output after phase rotation, inverse fourier transform and cyclic prefix addition when discrete sampling is performed on t_time(t) after discrete sampling, a discrete representation can be obtained as follows:

x_phase(n)＝x_q(n)·e^j·α·n，n＝0,1,2,…,N-1 (20)

illustratively, N in the examples of the present application_cpWhen 0, equations (18) - (21) can be used to describe a continuous signal x of a time domain symbol obtained by phase rotating and inverse fast fourier transforming a ZC sequence_timeThe process of (1).

By way of example and not limitation, the above-mentioned phase rotation and inverse fast fourier transform of the ZC sequence yields a time-domain continuous signal x_timeThe processing procedure of (c) is as shown in flow (e) of fig. 8.

Step S810 of generating a ZC sequence x_qThereafter, the ZC sequence x is mapped in step S820_qPerforming phase rotation to obtain output data x_phaseIn step S830, x is selected_phaseIFFT is carried out to obtain a continuous signal x of a time domain_time。

Since the PAPR of the ZC sequence is 0dB, the rotating data x with the length of N is obtained by rotating the phase of the ZC sequence on the frequency domain_phaseThe phase rotation does not influence the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain link after Fourier inverse transformationPAPR of the continuous signal; thus, x_phaseTime domain continuous signal x of one time domain symbol obtained by fast Fourier inversion_timeThe PAPR of (d) is 0 dB. The phase rotation and the inverse Fourier transform have little or no influence on the PAPR of an output signal in the process of obtaining a time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol by a ZC sequence, so that the PAPR of the obtained time domain continuous signal of the time domain symbol is equal to or approximate to that of the ZC sequence, when the continuous signal of the time domain symbol is taken as a reference signal, the PAPR of the reference signal is also approximately 0dB or equal to 0dB, the PAPR of the reference signal is basically consistent with that of data transmitted by adopting a single carrier waveform, and simultaneously compared with the PAPR of the reference signal of the existing system, the PAPR of the reference signal is greatly reduced (for example, the PAPR of the reference signal generated by an LTE and NR system is possibly more than 5dB), the output power of a power amplifier can be improved when the PAPR of the.

Optionally, the time domain data obtained by performing the corresponding processing in the third, fourth, and fifth modes on the ZC sequence may be sent on one time domain symbol as a time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol, or certainly, the time domain data obtained by performing the corresponding processing in the third to fifth modes on the ZC sequence may be further processed and then sent on one time domain symbol as a time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol.

For convenience of description, the examples of the present application are provided with x'_timeThe time domain data obtained by correspondingly processing the ZC sequence in the above-described manner three to manner five, that is, the time domain continuous signal x corresponding to one time domain symbol in the manner three to manner five_timeIs replaced by x 'correspondingly in the embodiment of the application'_timeWill be to x'_timeTime domain data obtained after further processing is x_timeIs represented by, i.e. to x'_timeFurther processing to obtain a time domain continuous signal x of a time domain symbol_time. For convenience of description, the examples of the present application will be x'_timeReferred to as an intermediate time domain continuous signal.

It should be understood that the above manner is three to fourIn the formula in the fifth expression, when N is_cpWhen the value is not 0, the time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol subjected to cyclic prefix adding processing can be obtained through a corresponding formula, and of course, the cyclic prefix adding step can also be performed separately, and the following formulas (22) - (24) describe that N in the formulas in the modes three to five is N_cpIf 0, the intermediate time domain continuous signal x 'obtained in the third to fifth modes'_timeAnd (5) carrying out further processing.

As an example, the transmitting end may be a middle time domain continuous signal x'_timeAdding cyclic prefix to obtain time domain continuous signal x of time domain symbol_timeThe time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol has a duration equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s，N_cpIs the length of the cyclic prefix.

E.g. for an intermediate time domain continuous signal x'_timeFormula (7) is applied, in other words, in the embodiment of the present application, the input data of formula (7) is replaced by intermediate time domain continuous signal x'_timeThe obtained output data is a time domain continuous signal x of a time domain symbol_timeSpecifically, the following formula:

x_time(n')＝x'_time((n'+offset)modN)，n'＝0,1,2,…,N+N_cp-1 (22)

the values of the relevant parameters in the formula are as described above, and the relevant description of the formula (7) may be referred to specifically, and are not repeated herein.

By way of example and not limitation, the pair of intermediate time domain continuous signals x'_timeAdding cyclic prefix to obtain time domain continuous signal x of time domain symbol_timeThe processing procedure of (b) is as in step S610 to step S630 of the flow (b) in fig. 6, or step S710 to step S740 of the flow (d) in fig. 7, or step S810 to step S840 of the flow (f) in fig. 8.

The output data of step S620 in flow (b), the output data of step S730 in flow (d), and the output data of step S830 in flow (f) are intermediate time domain continuous signals x'_timeIn steps S630, S740 and S840, corresponding x'_timeAdding cyclic prefix to obtain time-domain continuous signal x_timeI.e. x within the solid line box in the figure_time。

As another example, the transmitting end may be a middle time domain continuous signal x'_timeFiltering or shaping to obtain a time-domain continuous signal x of a time-domain symbol_timeThe duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol is equal to N.T_s。

E.g. for an intermediate time domain continuous signal x'_timeFormula (3) is applied, in other words, in the embodiment of the present application, the input data of formula (3) is replaced by intermediate time domain continuous signal x'_timeThe obtained output data is a time domain continuous signal x of a time domain symbol_timeSpecifically, the following formula:

the values of the relevant parameters in the formula are as described above, and the relevant description of the formula (3) may be referred to specifically, and are not repeated herein.

For another example, the intermediate time domain continuous signal x'_timeApplying formula (4), in other words, in the embodiment of the present application, the input data of formula (4) is replaced by the intermediate time domain continuous signal x'_timeThe obtained output data is a time domain continuous signal x of a time domain symbol_timeSpecifically, the following formula:

x_time(t)＝x'_time(n)·g(t-n×T_s)，n＝0,1,2,…,N-1 (24)

the values of the relevant parameters in the formula are as described above, and the relevant description of the formula (4) may be referred to specifically, and are not repeated herein.

By way of example and not limitation, the pair of intermediate time domain continuous signals x'_timeFiltering or shaping to obtain a time-domain continuous signal x of a time-domain symbol_timeThe processing procedure of (b) is as in steps S610, S620 and S640 of the flow (b) in fig. 6, or steps S710, S720, S730 and S750 of the flow (d) in fig. 7, or steps S810, S820, S830 and S850 of the flow (f) in fig. 8.

Flow (b) output data of step S620The output data of step S730 in flow (d) and the output data of step S830 in flow (f) are intermediate time domain continuous signals x'_timeIn steps S640, S750 and S850, corresponding x 'are respectively assigned'_timeFiltering to obtain time domain continuous signal x_time。

Optionally, the filtering in steps S640, S750, S850 may be replaced by shaping.

As yet another example, the transmitting end may be a pair of intermediate time domain continuous signals x'_timeAdding cyclic prefix and filtering to obtain time domain continuous signal x of time domain symbol_timeThe time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol has a duration equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s，N_cpIs the length of the cyclic prefix.

As yet another example, the transmitting end may be a pair of intermediate time domain continuous signals x'_timeAdding cyclic prefix and shaping to obtain time-domain continuous signal x of time-domain symbol_timeThe time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol has a duration equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s，N_cpIs the length of the cyclic prefix.

Specifically, the formulas (22) to (24) can be referred to for determining the formulas, which is not described herein.

By way of example and not limitation, the pair of intermediate time domain continuous signals x'_timeAdding cyclic prefix and filtering to obtain a time domain continuous signal x of a time domain symbol_timeThe processing procedure of (b) is as in steps S610 to S640 of the flow (b) in fig. 6, or steps S710 to S750 of the flow (d) in fig. 7, or steps S810 to S850 of the flow (f) in fig. 8.

The output data of step S620 in flow (b), the output data of step S730 in flow (d), and the output data of step S830 in flow (f) are intermediate time domain continuous signals x'_timeIn steps S630, S740 and S840, corresponding x'_timeAdding cyclic prefix to obtain output data, and comparing x 'in steps S640, S750 and S850'_timeFiltering the output data obtained by adding the cyclic prefix to obtain a time domain continuous signal x_time。

Optionally, the filtering in steps S640, S750, S850 may be replaced by shaping.

Intermediate time domain continuous signal x 'due to cyclic prefix addition and/or filtering operations'_timeThe PAPR of the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol obtained by adding a cyclic prefix and/or a filtering operation has a small influence, and thus the PAPR is approximately 0 dB.

In step S220, the transmitting end transmits a time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol on the one time-domain symbol.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, only the time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol is determined by the sending end as an example, and the method for determining the time-domain continuous signal on other time-domain symbols by the sending end according to the ZC sequence is the same.

In the method for transmitting a reference signal according to the embodiment of the present application, since the ZC sequence determined by the transmitting end is constant modulus, the PAPR thereof is 0dB, and the duration of the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol determined according to the ZC sequence having the length N is equal to N · T_sThe PAPR of the ZC sequence is affected little by the process of obtaining the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol from the ZC sequence, so that the PAPR of the obtained time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol is approximately 0dB, and when the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol is used as a reference signal, it is equivalent to generating a reference signal with a low PAPR. When a reference signal (i.e., a time-domain continuous signal) is transmitted together with data of a single-carrier waveform, the influence of the PAPR of the reference signal on the output power of the data of the single-carrier waveform can be reduced, thereby improving the output power of the PA and improving the demodulation performance.

In some other embodiments, the duration of the time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol is equal to N · T_sThe length of the ZC sequence determined by the transmitting end may be smaller than N, for example, the length of the ZC sequence is N-1 or N-a, where a is a positive integer; or the absolute value of the difference between the length of the ZC sequence and N is less than a preset value.

If the length of the ZC sequence is smaller than N, the implementation manner of determining the time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol by the transmitting end according to the ZC sequence is similar to the above-mentioned example, only the parameter values in the formula are determined to be slightly different, and the PAPR of the time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol finally obtained through processing may also be small, which can also achieve the effect of reducing the PAPR of the reference signal.

Optionally, when there are multiple transmitters transmitting signals to a receiver, lengths of ZC sequences determined by the multiple transmitters may all be N, or a length of a ZC sequence determined by a part of the transmitters may be N, and a length of a ZC sequence determined by a part of the transmitters is less than N.

After the time unit for performing step S220 or in the time unit for performing step S220, the reference signal transmitting method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include step S230, as shown in fig. 3, which may be performed by a receiving end, for example, the receiving end may be the terminal device 120 or the network device 110 shown in fig. 1. Steps S210 to S220 in the method shown in fig. 3 are the same as the corresponding steps shown in fig. 2, and are not repeated here, and step S230 is described in detail below.

In step S230, the receiving end performs data demodulation according to the reference signal transmitted by the transmitting end and a known reference signal.

When the reference signal is transmitted together with the data, the receiving end may receive the reference signal transmitted by the transmitting end and the data transmitted by the transmitting end.

It should be understood that the reference signal received by the receiving end is a time domain continuous signal sent by the sending end, if the sending end sends a time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol, the receiving end receives a reference signal of one time domain symbol, and if the sending end sends time domain continuous signals of multiple time domain symbols, the receiving end receives reference signals of multiple time domain symbols.

It should be further understood that, in this embodiment of the present application, the reference signal known by the receiving end is a ZC sequence known by both the transmitting end and the receiving end, that is, a ZC sequence with a length N determined by the transmitting end.

The data demodulation at the receiving end can be realized by the following steps.

Step one, a receiving end carries out channel estimation through a known reference signal to obtain the channel response of a symbol where the reference signal is located.

Illustratively, the channel estimation may be performed in the frequency domain. For example, if there is a cyclic prefix, the receiving end removes the CP from the time-domain continuous signal of the symbol where the received reference signal is located, and performs Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to obtain the received frequency-domain reference signal; the receiving end reconstructs the ZC sequence according to the known reference signal, namely, the receiving end performs the same processing on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain continuous signal of the known reference signal, removes a CP from the time domain continuous signal of a symbol where the known reference signal is located, and performs fast Fourier transform to obtain an ideal frequency domain transmission reference signal; and the receiving end performs point division on the received frequency domain reference signal and the ideal frequency domain transmission reference signal to obtain the frequency domain channel response of the symbol where the reference signal is located.

Optionally, the obtaining of the channel response by the receiving end may further include operations such as noise removal, and the method is similar to the prior art and is not described herein again.

It should be understood that the ideal frequency domain transmission reference signal described above can be understood as a reference signal in which the frequency domain reference signal received by the receiving end is not transmitted through the channel.

And step two, obtaining the channel response of the symbol where the data is located according to the channel response of the symbol where the reference signal is located.

As a possible implementation manner, the receiving end may obtain the channel response of the symbol in which the data is located by way of assignment.

For example, the receiving end may use the obtained channel response of the symbol in which the reference signal is located as the channel response of the symbol in which the data is located.

As another possible implementation manner, the receiving end may obtain the channel response of the symbol where the data is located by means of interpolation, in other words, the receiving end obtains the channel response of the symbol where the data is located by means of linear interpolation (linear interpolation) or gaussian interpolation, and the like, by using the channel responses of the symbol where at least 2 reference signals are located.

For example, the receiving end may interpolate the channel response of the symbol where the 1 st reference signal is located and the channel response of the symbol where the 2 nd reference signal is located to obtain the channel response of the symbol where the data between the symbol where the 1 st reference signal is located and the symbol where the 2 nd reference signal is located.

It should be noted that "1 st" and "2 nd" in the 1 st reference signal and the 2 nd reference signal are merely exemplary, and are used to illustrate a precedence relationship of the two reference signals in a time domain, and no limitation is imposed on the embodiment of the present application.

If only one symbol in one time slot sends a reference signal, the receiving end can interpolate the channel response of the symbol where the reference signal in the current time slot is located and the channel response of the symbol where the reference signal in the next time slot is located to obtain the channel response of the symbol where the data between the symbols where the two reference signals are located.

And step three, the receiving end performs operations such as equalization, demodulation and the like on the data on the symbols by using the channel response of the symbols where the obtained data are located so as to restore and obtain the data sent by the sending end.

In this step, the operation performed by the receiving end is the same as that of the conventional method, and is not described herein again.

The reference signal transmitting method determines a time-domain continuous signal of one time-domain symbol of the reference signal, but the reference signal is generally transmitted together with data, and for single-carrier waveform data, when the reference signal is transmitted together with data, the reference signal used as a demodulation reference signal and the transmitted data are time-divided, that is, the reference signal and the data are located in different time-domain symbols, and the occupied bandwidth of the frequency domain is consistent.

Next, a case where the reference signal is transmitted together with data will be described by taking fig. 9 as an example.

It should be understood that the reference signal transmitted together with the data in the embodiment of the present application may be a time-domain continuous signal transmitted together with the data after the terminal device processes the ZC sequence.

It should also be understood that the positions and numbers of the reference signals, the positions and numbers of the data symbols, and the number of symbols possessed by the time slot in the embodiments of the present application are all examples, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

As shown in fig. 9, exemplarily, one slot includes 14 symbols, which are respectively symbol 0 to symbol 13, in this embodiment, symbol 0 may also be referred to as 0 th symbol, symbol 1 may also be referred to as 1 st symbol, and so on, and symbol 13 may also be referred to as 13 th symbol, where the reference signal is located in the foremost symbol 0, i.e., in the 0 th symbol, and the 13 latter symbols are used for transmitting data. In the embodiment of the present application, taking uplink transmission as an example, the last 13 symbols send uplink data.

Optionally, the symbol in which the reference signal is located may also be another symbol, and correspondingly, the symbol in which the data is located may also be another symbol; the number of symbols in which the reference signal is located may also be other numbers, for example, 2 symbols are used for transmitting the reference signal, and correspondingly, the number of symbols in which the data is located may also be other numbers.

Alternatively, the uplink data may adopt a single-carrier waveform, for example, a single-carrier quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM) waveform.

As mentioned above, a time domain continuous signal x of a time domain symbol_timeIs equal to N.T_sN corresponds to the length of a symbol, in other words, when the cyclic prefix is not considered, the time-domain continuous signal in a time-domain symbol contains N values after discrete sampling, and the time interval between two values is T_sThen the duration of the time domain continuous signal of a time domain symbol is N.T_s. It is understood that the processes of transmitting a ZC sequence without taking a cyclic prefix into account in the methods of fig. 4 to 8 are not included in the process of adding a cyclic prefix. When considering the cyclic prefix, the time-domain continuous signal in one time-domain symbol contains N + N after discrete sampling_cpValue, the duration of the time domain continuous signal of one time domain symbol is (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

For data, taking the single-carrier waveform as an example of uplink data, any data in a signal of a time domain symbol for transmitting data is modulated data, each data can be called a single-carrier symbol, and the duration is T_sA signal for transmitting time domain symbols of data includes N symbols without considering a cyclic prefixA single carrier symbol. The time domain symbols used for transmitting data in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as data symbols. In case of considering the cyclic prefix, the duration of one signal for transmitting a symbol of data needs to consider the time occupied by the cyclic prefix.

It should be noted that, under the premise of considering the cyclic prefix, the cyclic prefix added to each symbol (including the symbol for transmitting the reference signal and the symbol for transmitting the data) may be the same or different.

The methods of fig. 4 to 8 may also be performed by the receiving end, for example, the methods may be performed during the signal demodulation process of the receiving end. In the embodiment of the present application, a receiving end is taken as a network device for example to describe.

Step one

The network device receives a reference signal (i.e. a time-domain continuous signal of a symbol where the reference signal is located) sent by the terminal device and data sent by the terminal device.

Step two

The network device performs channel estimation through a known reference signal (i.e., a ZC sequence of length N known to both the network device and the terminal device), and can obtain a channel response of a symbol where the reference signal is located. For example, the reference signal is located in the 0 th symbol, and the network device may obtain the channel response of the 0 th symbol through channel estimation.

As a possible implementation manner, after removing a cyclic prefix CP from a time-domain continuous signal of a symbol where a received reference signal is located, the network device performs fast fourier transform to obtain a received frequency-domain reference signal; the network device removes the cyclic prefix CP from the time domain continuous signal of the symbol where the known reference signal is located, and then performs fast fourier transform to obtain the frequency domain transmission reference signal, which can be understood as the process that the network device reconstructs the reference signal transmitted by the terminal device according to the methods in fig. 4 to 8, and then divides the two points to obtain the frequency domain channel response.

Step three

The network device determines a channel response of a symbol in which the data is located.

As a possible implementation manner, if only one symbol of a slot transmits a reference signal, the channel response of the data symbol may be obtained by way of assignment or interpolation.

For example, when the channel changes slowly, the assignment may be performed. The assignment manner can be understood as that the channel response of the symbol in which the reference signal obtained in step two is located is taken as the channel response of the data symbol. Illustratively, one slot has 14 symbols, wherein the 0 th symbol is used for transmitting the reference signal, and the 1 st to 13 th symbols are used for transmitting data, then the channel response of the 0 th symbol determined in step two can be used as the channel response of the 1 st to 13 th symbols.

As another example, the channel response of the data symbol may also be obtained by interpolation. Interpolation is understood to be that the channel response of the data symbol is obtained by linear interpolation or gaussian interpolation or the like using the channel response of the symbol in which at least 2 reference signals are located. Illustratively, a slot has 14 symbols, where the 0 th symbol is used to transmit a reference signal, and the 1 st to 13 th symbols are used to transmit data, and the channel responses of the 1 st to 13 th symbols of the current slot may be obtained by performing interpolation through the channel response of the 0 th symbol of the current slot and the channel response of the 0 th symbol of the next slot. In the method, in order to obtain the channel responses of the 1 st symbol to the 13 th symbol of the current slot, it is necessary to receive data of the next slot and obtain the channel response of the 0 th symbol of the next slot.

Step four

The network equipment utilizes the channel response of the data symbol to carry out operations such as equalization, demodulation and the like on the received data on the data symbol to restore and obtain the transmitted data. For example, taking the channel response of the 0 th symbol and the channel responses of the 1 st to 13 th symbols obtained in step two and step three as examples, the network device may perform equalization and demodulation operations on the received data of the symbols by using the channel responses of the 1 st to 13 th symbols.

Method embodiments of the present application are described above in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 9, and apparatus embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to fig. 10 to 11. It is to be understood that the description of the method embodiments corresponds to the description of the apparatus embodiments, and therefore reference may be made to the preceding method embodiments for parts not described in detail.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication apparatus 1000 in fig. 10 may be a specific example of the terminal device 120 or the network device 110 in fig. 1. The communication device shown in fig. 10 may be used to perform the methods of fig. 2-8, and the description will not be repeated to avoid redundancy.

The communications apparatus 1000 shown in fig. 10 can include a determination module 1010 and a transmission module 1020.

The determining module 1010 is configured to determine a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to a ZC sequence, where the ZC sequence has a length of N and a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to N · T_sOr, in case the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol comprises a cyclic prefix, the time duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_sN is a positive integer, N_cp·T_sIs the duration, N, of the cyclic prefix_cpIs a positive integer, T_sIs a time unit factor.

The transmitting module 1020 is configured to transmit the time-domain continuous signal of the one time-domain symbol on the one time-domain symbol.

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to filter the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to N · T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to add a cyclic prefix and filter to the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform cyclic shift and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time domain of the time domain symbolA continuous signal, the duration of the time domain continuous signal of said one time domain symbol being equal to N.T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to sequentially perform cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition, and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform inverse fourier transform and cyclic shift on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to N · T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform inverse fourier transform, cyclic shift and filtering on the ZC sequence in sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to N · T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform inverse fourier transform, cyclic shift, and cyclic prefix addition on the ZC sequence in sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform inverse fourier transform, cyclic shift, cyclic prefix addition, and filtering on the ZC sequence in sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform inverse fourier transform on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to N · T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform inverse fourier transform and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbolNumber, duration of time domain continuous signal of said one time domain symbol being equal to N.T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform inverse fourier transform and cyclic prefix addition on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform inverse fourier transform, cyclic prefix addition, and filtering on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform phase rotation and inverse fourier transform on the ZC sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to N · T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform phase rotation, inverse fourier transform, and filtering on the ZC sequence in sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to N · T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform phase rotation, inverse fourier transform, and cyclic prefix addition on the ZC sequence in sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Optionally, the determining module 1010 is specifically configured to perform phase rotation, inverse fourier transform, cyclic prefix addition, and filtering on the ZC sequence in sequence to obtain a time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol, where a duration of the time-domain continuous signal of the time-domain symbol is equal to (N + N)_cp)·T_s。

Optionally, the communication device 1000 further comprises: a receiving module, configured to receive cyclic shift indication information, where the cyclic shift indication information is used to indicate the cyclic shift.

Optionally, the cyclic shift indication information is carried in downlink control information DCI or radio resource control RRC message.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication apparatus 1100 in fig. 11 may be a specific example of the terminal device 120 or the network device 110 in fig. 1. The communication device shown in fig. 11 may be used to perform the methods of fig. 2-8, and the description will not be repeated to avoid redundancy.

The communication device may be a terminal device or a network device, or a device in the terminal device or the network device, or a device capable of being used in cooperation with the terminal device or the network device. Wherein the communication device may be a system-on-a-chip. In the embodiment of the present application, the chip system may be composed of a chip, and may also include a chip and other discrete devices. The communications apparatus 1100 includes at least one processor 1120 for implementing the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application. For example, the processor 1120 may be configured to determine the ZC sequence, determine a time-domain continuous signal of a time-domain symbol according to the ZC sequence, and the like, which refer to the detailed description in the method example and are not described herein again. Optionally, the processor 1120 may function as the determining module 1010.

The communications device 1100 may also include at least one memory 1130 for storing program instructions and/or data. A memory 1130 is coupled to the processor 1120. The coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or a communication connection between devices, units or modules, and may be an electrical, mechanical or other form for information interaction between the devices, units or modules. The processor 1120 may operate in conjunction with the memory 1130. Processor 1120 may execute program instructions stored in memory 1130. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.

The communications apparatus 1100 can also include a communication interface 1110 for communicating with other devices over a transmission medium such that the apparatus used in the communications apparatus 1100 can communicate with other devices. Illustratively, the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface. Illustratively, the communication apparatus 1100 is a terminal device and the other device is a network device. The processor 1120 transmits and receives data using the communication interface 1110 and is configured to implement the method performed by the terminal device in the embodiments corresponding to fig. 4-8.

The specific connection medium among the communication interface 1110, the processor 1120, and the memory 1130 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the memory 1130, the processor 1120 and the communication interface 1110 are connected by the bus 1140 in fig. 11, the bus is represented by a thick line in fig. 11, and the connection manner between other components is merely illustrative and not limited. The bus may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in FIG. 11, but this is not intended to represent only one bus or type of bus.

In the embodiments of the present application, the processor may be a central processing unit, a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, which can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The processor may also be a combination of computing functions, e.g., comprising one or more microprocessors, a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be embodied as hardware processor, or may be implemented as a combination of hardware and software modules in a processor.

In the embodiment of the present application, the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), and may also be a volatile memory (e.g., a random-access memory (RAM)). The memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to such. The memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be circuitry or any other device capable of performing a storage function for storing program instructions and/or data.

Those of skill in the art would appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as computer software, electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.

The method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the application to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network appliance, a user device, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored on a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that incorporates one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a Digital Video Disk (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., an SSD), among others.

In the embodiments of the present application, the embodiments may refer to each other, for example, methods and/or terms between the embodiments of the method may refer to each other, for example, functions and/or terms between the embodiments of the apparatus and the embodiments of the method may refer to each other, without logical contradiction.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.