阅读说明：本技术 可降解吸收镁合金肋骨骨折固定板和固定器械系统 (Degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixing plate and fixing instrument system ) 是由 李国庆 袁广银 于 2020-08-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种可降解吸收镁合金肋骨骨折固定板和固定器械系统。所述可降解吸收镁合金肋骨骨折固定板由生物可降解的Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr镁合金制成,为长方形片状结构,厚度1.0-2.8mm,设有至少两排固定孔,上缘和下缘各有一排弧形的缺口,还设有通孔或条形槽。所述固定器械系统包含肋骨过线勾和所述固定板,所述肋骨过线勾设有手柄和钩针,所述钩针包括钩针杆和与钩针杆呈90度连接的“U”形钩针头。本发明的肋骨骨折固定装置既能达到固定肋骨骨折、促进肋骨骨折愈合的作用又能最大限度的保存肋骨或胸壁顺应性减轻局部的异物不适感和组织反应,使手术损伤减小、手术操作简便,更符合当今微创手术的原则,所需费用也较国外同类产品降低。(The invention relates to a degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixing plate and a fixing instrument system. The degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate is made of biodegradable Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy, is of a rectangular sheet structure, is 1.0-2.8mm thick, is provided with at least two rows of fixation holes, is provided with a row of arc-shaped gaps at the upper edge and the lower edge respectively, and is also provided with through holes or strip-shaped grooves. The fixing instrument system comprises a rib threading hook and a fixing plate, wherein the rib threading hook is provided with a handle and a crochet hook, and the crochet hook comprises a crochet hook rod and a U-shaped crochet hook head which is connected with the crochet hook rod at 90 degrees. The rib fracture fixing device of the invention not only can achieve the effects of fixing rib fracture and promoting the healing of rib fracture, but also can maximally preserve the compliance of ribs or chest walls and reduce the discomfort of local foreign matters and tissue reaction, so that the operative injury is reduced, the operation is simple and convenient, the device is more in line with the principle of the current minimally invasive operation, and the required cost is reduced compared with the foreign like products.)

1. A rib fracture fixation instrument system is characterized by comprising a degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate and a rib threading hook; the degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixing plate is made of biodegradable Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy and is provided with a fixing plate body, the fixing plate body is of a rectangular sheet structure in shape and is provided with at least two rows of fixing holes, and the two rows of fixing holes are respectively arranged close to the upper edge and the lower edge of the fixing plate body; the upper edge and the lower edge of the fixing plate body are respectively provided with a row of arc-shaped notches, and a notch is arranged between adjacent fixing holes in the same row; the rib threading hook is provided with a handle and a crochet hook connected with the handle, the crochet hook comprises a crochet hook rod and a U-shaped crochet hook head, one end of the crochet hook head is connected with the crochet hook rod by 90 degrees, and the other end of the crochet hook head is a free needle point with a threading hole.

2. The rib fracture fixation instrument system of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the fixation plate body is 1.0-2.8 mm.

3. The rib fracture fixation instrument system of claim 1, wherein the fixation plate body has a plurality of through holes.

4. The rib fracture fixation instrument system of claim 3, wherein the plurality of through holes are arranged in one to four rows in a direction corresponding to the direction of the fixation holes.

5. The rib fracture fixation instrument system of claim 1, wherein the fixation plate body is provided with a strip-shaped groove on a surface thereof.

6. The rib fracture fixation instrument system of claim 5, wherein the lengthwise direction of the strip-shaped slot is aligned with the direction of the fixation holes.

7. The rib fracture fixation instrument system of claim 1, wherein the fixation plate body is curved in shape that is arcuate in transverse cross-section or arcuate in both longitudinal and transverse cross-sections.

8. A degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate is characterized by being made of biodegradable Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy and provided with a fixation plate body, wherein the fixation plate body is of a rectangular sheet structure in shape and is provided with at least two rows of fixation holes, and the two rows of fixation holes are respectively arranged close to the upper edge and the lower edge of the fixation plate body; the upper edge and the lower edge of the fixing plate body are respectively provided with a row of arc-shaped notches, and a notch is arranged between adjacent fixing holes in the same row; the thickness of the fixing plate body is 1.0-2.8 mm.

9. The magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate capable of being degraded and absorbed according to claim 8, wherein the fixation plate body is provided with a plurality of through holes or a plurality of strip-shaped grooves on the surface.

10. The degradable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate of claim 8, wherein the fixation plate body is curved in an arc shape in a transverse section or curved in an arc shape in a longitudinal direction and a transverse section.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical surgical implantation instrument, in particular to a degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixing plate and a fixing instrument system.

Background

Rib fractures are the most common chest trauma, and tens of thousands of rib fracture patients are treated by surgery every year. Products related to the fixation of rib fractures are: 1. import of products: A. absorbable products: is made of polymer materials such as PLA and the like. For example, the two-end sharp shape can be inserted into the two broken ends of the rib to play a role in fixing the intramedullary fixation nail of the rib. There are also absorbable rib fixation plates which are flat, long, plate-like, slightly curved in the longitudinal direction, and have fixation holes along the longitudinal axis thereof, and which are fixed to the fractured rib by drilling holes in the rib and using absorbable screws or sutures to fix the fractured rib (currently, the products have not entered the market in china). B. Non-absorbable products: the shape and the fixing mode of the rib fixing plate made of the strong titanium alloy are basically the same as those of an absorbable rib fixing plate, but are slightly thinner. 2. Domestic products: currently, there is no absorbable non-metallic or metallic rib fracture fixation product. The existing product is a bone fracture plate surrounded by marmem or titanium alloy ribs. The size, shape and using method are basically similar, namely a purpose-made surgical instrument is utilized, and the shapes of the metal plate and the encircling arm are changed to enable the metal plate to encircle the rib so as to achieve the effect of rib fracture fixation.

The absorbable rib intramedullary nail has the defects of difficult installation, poor fixing effect, high cost and the like, and is rarely used clinically. The absorbable rib fixing plate does not enter the Chinese market, has the defects of complex installation procedure, large damage, inadaptation to minimally invasive surgery, high cost and the like as the imported titanium alloy rib fixing plate, has the defects of no absorption, local foreign body sensation, possible allergy and discomfort of a steel plate and the like of a metal product, and is difficult to popularize and apply because the steel plate needs to be taken out after the surgery of part of patients. Although the domestic rib bone-knitting steel plate is easier to mount than the imported steel plate, the separation of the rib and the intercostal muscle is needed to damage the periosteum and the intercostal muscle of the rib, the blood supply and the regeneration of the rib are influenced, so that the healing of rib fracture is influenced, the rib is extruded when the rib is encircled, so that the rib is deformed to cause new injury or fracture, the metal encircling the rib fixer is wider and thick, the metal hardness is higher, so that the compliance of a local chest wall is reduced, the influence on respiration is relatively larger, and the local foreign matters and discomfort are stronger, so that partial patients strongly require to take out the foreign matters again through an operation.

The patent document CN203935263U, published on the japanese reference 2014.11.12, discloses a locking plate system for treating rib fracture, which comprises a rib locking plate and screws, wherein the inner surface of the rib locking plate is formed into a shape imitating the shape of a rib in order to make the locking plate better fit with the rib; the cross section of the rib locking plate is designed to be in a crescent shape with a low notch, and the inner surface of the rib locking plate forms a shape imitating the shape of a rib; n locking holes are uniformly distributed on the rib locking plate in the longitudinal direction; the screw is a round end countersunk head screw with a groove at one end. Has the advantages that: more snugly, effectively reduces the tissue irritation and the subcutaneous foreign body sensation, improves the stability of thoracic cavity fixation, ensures that the screw is easy to penetrate into the body, forms a certain angle between the screw and the plate and effectively avoids the subcostal nerve. Patent document CN203042415U, bulletin No. 2013.07.10, discloses a rib bone plate, which includes a bone plate body, wherein two opposite sides of the bone plate body are provided with encircling arms, one side of each encircling arm is connected with the bone plate body, the other side of each encircling arm is provided with a fixing plate, each encircling arm is made of an elastic material, and one side of each encircling arm corresponding to two ends of the bone plate body is provided with a fixing tooth. Has the advantages that: the structure is simple, the fixing device is made of memory alloy or titanium alloy elastic materials according to the anatomical and mechanical principles of human ribs, the clinical conditions of various rib fractures are considered, and the fixing device has good fixing effect on comminuted fracture, large-span fracture and multiple fractures in a short distance. Patent document CN208552001U, publication No. 2019.03.01, discloses a costal plate for fixing a fracture under an endoscope, which comprises a costal plate body and costal claws arranged at the edge of the costal plate body, wherein the costal plate body is matched with the contour curve of a rib, and the costal claws comprise a first costal claw positioned at the middle position of the costal plate body and a plurality of second costal claws symmetrically arranged at two sides of the first costal claw on the costal plate body; the first rib claw is in an ") type structure, and the second rib claw is in an S type structure; one end of the rib plate body is provided with a convex clamping portion, and the other end of the rib plate body is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping portion. Has the advantages that: the rib plates can be combined and spliced, and the requirements of patients with different injuries on rib plates with different sizes can be met. However, the structural features and fixing modes of the rib fracture fixing devices are the same as those of the products on the market.

Generally speaking, a rib fracture fixation device which is simple to mount, conforms to the trend of minimally invasive surgery, has good fixation effect, can promote fracture recovery, has small damage and influence on patients and has low cost is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixing plate and the fixing instrument system which are simple to install, accord with the trend of minimally invasive surgery, have good fixing effect, can promote fracture recovery, have small damage and influence on patients and have lower cost.

In a first aspect, the invention provides a rib fracture fixation instrument system, which comprises a degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate and a rib threading hook; the degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixing plate is made of biodegradable Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy and is provided with a fixing plate body, the fixing plate body is of a rectangular sheet structure in shape and is provided with at least two rows of fixing holes, and the two rows of fixing holes are respectively arranged close to the upper edge and the lower edge of the fixing plate body; the upper edge and the lower edge of the fixing plate body are respectively provided with a row of arc-shaped notches, and a notch is arranged between adjacent fixing holes in the same row; the rib threading hook is provided with a handle and a crochet hook connected with the handle, the crochet hook comprises a crochet hook rod and a U-shaped crochet hook head, one end of the crochet hook head is connected with the crochet hook rod by 90 degrees, and the other end of the crochet hook head is a free needle point with a threading hole.

As a preferred example of the present invention, the thickness of the fixing plate body is 1.0-2.8 mm.

As another preferred example of the present invention, the fixing plate body is provided with a plurality of through holes.

More preferably, the plurality of through holes are arranged in one to four rows, and the arrangement direction is consistent with the arrangement direction of the fixing holes.

As another preferred example of the present invention, the fixing plate body is provided with a strip-shaped groove on a surface thereof.

More preferably, the length direction of the strip-shaped groove is consistent with the arrangement direction of the fixing holes.

As another preferred example of the present invention, the fixing plate body is curved in an arc shape in a transverse section, or curved in an arc shape in both a longitudinal direction and a transverse section.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate, which is made of biodegradable Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr magnesium alloy and is provided with a fixation plate body, wherein the fixation plate body is in a rectangular sheet structure in shape and is provided with at least two rows of fixation holes, and the two rows of fixation holes are respectively arranged close to the upper edge and the lower edge of the fixation plate body; the upper edge and the lower edge of the fixing plate body are respectively provided with a row of arc-shaped notches, and a notch is arranged between adjacent fixing holes in the same row; the thickness of the fixing plate body is 1.0-2.8 mm.

As a preferred example of the present invention, the fixing plate body is provided with a plurality of through holes or a plurality of strip-shaped grooves on the surface.

As another preferred example of the present invention, the fixing plate body is curved in an arc shape in a transverse section, or curved in an arc shape in both a longitudinal direction and a transverse section.

Based on abundant clinical experience and careful observation and thinking, the inventor of the application proposes that the degradable magnesium alloy with good mechanical property and biocompatibility and bone promoting function is adopted to replace other PLA degradable high polymer materials and non-degradable metal materials or non-metal materials to manufacture the fixing plate for rib fracture, and invents that the rib threading hook fixes the fixing plate of the invention through a small incision suture, compared with the rib fracture fixing plate in the prior art, the fixing plate has the following advantages:

1. the fixing plate has high strength and good elastoplasticity, so that a light and thin metal sheet can be manufactured, and meanwhile, the rib threading hook threading fixation with the U-shaped hook needle and the hook needle rod connected in a 90-degree manner is adopted, so that a small incision can be made, the surgical wound is smaller, the wound infection risk is reduced, the surgical operation is simple and convenient, and the principle of the current minimally invasive surgery is better met.

2. Because the fixing plate can be made into a light and thin metal sheet with stronger plasticity, the fixing plate is convenient to be better attached and fixed with the rib, is not easy to shift after being fixed, and can obtain the effect of fixing the rib fracture with firmness and elasticity.

3. Because the fixing plate can be made into a thinner metal sheet with stronger plasticity, the compliance of the ribs or the chest wall can be furthest preserved, and the local foreign body discomfort and tissue reaction are relieved.

4. Because the fixed plate possesses good intensity, consequently can further set up through-hole or recess but guarantee that plate body intensity still satisfies the demand on the fixed plate, the design of through-hole or recess can reduce the material that needs the absorption, increase the area that the absorbable material was absorbed to the tissue, improves the plasticity of plate body simultaneously.

5. In order to further improve the plasticity of the plate body, the upper edge and the lower edge of the fixing plate are respectively provided with a notch, and the notches can also be used for fixing a suture, so that the flexibility of the fixing mode of the fixing plate is improved, and a better fixing effect is facilitated to be obtained.

6. Because the fixed plate is made of biodegradable magnesium alloy, the wound healing can be promoted, the antibacterial and bactericidal effects are achieved, and the fracture healing time is shorter (shortened by more than 20%).

7. The cost of the device system consisting of the degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixing plate and the rib threading hook is lower than that of a foreign degradable and absorbable fixing plate product.

In general, the invention fills the blank that degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy materials are used for rib fracture fixation at home and abroad, provides a complete set of rib fracture fixation instrument system, and has the technical effects of simple installation, accordance with the trend of minimally invasive surgery, good fixation effect, promotion of fracture recovery, small damage and influence on patients and low cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate of example 1.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the degradable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate of example 1.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate according to example 1.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate according to example 2.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixation plate in accordance with example 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the rib crossing wire hook of embodiment 4.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the rib crossing wire hook of the embodiment 5.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The reference numerals and components referred to in the drawings are as follows:

100. degradable and absorbable magnesium alloy rib fracture fixing plate

1. Fixing plate body 2, fixing hole

3. Through hole 4. gap

5. Strip-shaped groove

200. Rib wire-passing hook

6. Handle 7. crochet hook

71. Hook needle rod 72, hook needle head

721. Threading hole