阅读说明：本技术 基于三床型分子筛机载制氧的燃油箱防火抑爆装置及方法 (Fuel tank fire prevention and explosion suppression device and method based on three-bed molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation ) 是由 张瑞华 刘卫华 于 2020-07-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于三床型分子筛机载制氧的燃油箱防火抑爆装置及方法,基于变压吸附原理,通过循环改变分子筛吸附和解吸附压力,使气体在高压下吸附,低压下解吸附再生而形成周期性操作,实现氧气和氮气分离。将通过三床型分子筛系统产生的富氧气体供飞行人员使用,将分子筛系统产生的富氮气体通入油箱对气相空间进行惰化,降低油箱上部气相空间内氧浓度。本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比,弥补了分子筛机载制氧技术研究中仍存在的问题,具有能量利用率高、无环境污染等优点。(The invention discloses a fire-proof explosion suppression device and method for a fuel tank based on three-bed molecular sieve machine-mounted oxygen production. Oxygen-enriched gas generated by the three-bed type molecular sieve system is supplied to flight personnel, and nitrogen-enriched gas generated by the molecular sieve system is introduced into the oil tank to inertize the gas phase space, so that the oxygen concentration in the gas phase space at the upper part of the oil tank is reduced. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention makes up the problems still existing in the research of molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation technology, and has the advantages of high energy utilization rate, no environmental pollution and the like.)

1. The fuel tank fire prevention and explosion suppression device and method based on three-bed type molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation are characterized by comprising a filter (1), a compressor (2), a first electric regulating valve (3), a first heat exchanger (4), a second heat exchanger (5), a water separator (6), a filter (7), an oil mist separator (8), a three-bed type molecular sieve (9), a third heat exchanger (10), a second electric regulating valve (11), an oxygen concentration sensor (12), an oxygen storage tank (13), a pressure sensor (14), a third electric regulating valve (15), a fourth electric regulating valve (16), a fourth heat exchanger (17), a temperature sensor (18), a flame suppressor (19), a fifth electric regulating valve (20), an oil tank (21), an automatic controller (22) and a fan (23);

The first heat exchanger (4), the second heat exchanger (5), the third heat exchanger (10) and the fourth heat exchanger (17) comprise a hot side channel and a cold side channel; the three-bed type molecular sieve (9) comprises a mixed gas inlet, an oxygen-rich gas outlet and a nitrogen-rich gas outlet, and is used for separating the mixed gas entering from the mixed gas inlet into the oxygen-rich gas and the nitrogen-rich gas and then respectively outputting the oxygen-rich gas and the nitrogen-rich gas through the oxygen-rich gas outlet and the nitrogen-rich gas outlet;

one end of the first compressor (2) is connected with an engine bleed air pipeline through a filter (1), and the other end of the first compressor (2), the first electric regulating valve (3), a hot side channel of the first heat exchanger (4), a hot side channel of the second heat exchanger (5) and an inlet of the water separator (6) are sequentially connected through pipelines;

the inlet of the cold side channel of the first heat exchanger (4) is connected with the outside air, the outlet of the cold side channel of the first heat exchanger (4) is connected with the inlet of the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger (5) through a pipeline; the outlet of the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger (5) is connected with an outside air pipeline; the fan (23) is arranged in a pipeline connecting the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger (5) with the outside air, and is used for sucking the outside air into the cold side channel of the first heat exchanger (4) and then discharging the outside air through the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger (5);

The gas outlet of the water separator (6) is connected with the inlet of the filter (7) through a pipeline, and the liquid water outlet of the water separator (6) discharges liquid water to the outside of the machine;

the outlet of the filter (7), the oil-mist separator (8) and the mixed gas inlet of the three-bed type molecular sieve (9) are sequentially connected through pipelines;

an oxygen-rich gas outlet of the three-bed type molecular sieve (9) is connected with an oxygen storage tank (13) through a pipeline sequentially through a hot side channel of a third heat exchanger (10), an oxygen concentration sensor (12) and the oxygen storage tank, and a nitrogen-rich gas outlet of the three-bed type molecular sieve (9) is connected with an oil tank (21) through a pipeline sequentially through a pressure sensor (14), a third electric regulating valve (15), a hot side channel of a fourth heat exchanger (17), a temperature sensor (18), a flame suppressor (19), a fifth electric regulating valve (20);

the inlet of a cold side channel of the third heat exchanger (10) is connected with an external air pipeline through a second electric regulating valve (11), and the outlet of the cold side channel is connected with external air; the inlet of a cold side channel of the fourth heat exchanger (17) is connected with an external air pipeline through a fourth electric regulating valve (16), and the outlet of the cold side channel is connected with external air;

The input end of the automatic controller (22) is electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor (12), the pressure sensor (14) and the temperature sensor (18), and the output end of the automatic controller is electrically connected with the first electric regulating valve (3), the second electric regulating valve (11), the third electric regulating valve (15), the fourth electric regulating valve (16), the fan (23) and the compressor (2) respectively, so that the automatic controller is used for controlling the first electric regulating valve (3), the second electric regulating valve (11), the third electric regulating valve (15), the fourth electric regulating valve (16), the fan (23) and the compressor (2) to work according to the sensing data of the oxygen concentration sensor (12), the pressure sensor (14) and the temperature sensor (18).

2. The working method of the fire and explosion suppression device for the fuel tank based on the three-bed type molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation is characterized in that the specific steps of air-entraining separation and inerting are as follows:

engine bleed air enters a compressor (2) through a pipeline and a filter (1) to be pressurized and heated; high-temperature and high-pressure gas supplied by the compressor (2) enters the first heat exchanger (4) through the first electric regulating valve (3) for precooling, and then is cooled through the second heat exchanger (5); the cold sources of the first heat exchanger (4) and the second heat exchanger (5) are provided by a fan (23) for sucking ram air;

The mixed gas cooled by the second heat exchanger (5) is subjected to water vapor impurity removal by a water separator (6), a filter (7) and an oil mist separator (8) and then is introduced into a three-bed type molecular sieve (9);

the three-bed type molecular sieve (9) separates the mixed gas into oxygen-enriched gas and nitrogen-enriched gas, wherein the generated oxygen-enriched gas is discharged into an oxygen storage tank (13) through a third heat exchanger (10) and an oxygen concentration sensor (12) for the use of a crew member, and the generated oxygen-enriched gas is discharged into an oil tank (21) through a pressure sensor (14), a third electric regulating valve (15), a fourth heat exchanger (17), a temperature sensor (18), a flame suppressor (19) and a fifth electric regulating valve (20) to inert a gas phase space.

3. The working method of the fuel tank fire and explosion prevention and suppression device based on the three-bed type molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation is characterized in that the specific steps of data acquisition and control are as follows:

the oxygen concentration sensor (12) detects the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched gas cooled by the third heat exchanger (10) through a probe and transmits a signal to the automatic controller (22); when the oxygen concentration is greater than a preset oxygen concentration threshold value, the automatic controller (22) outputs a control signal to communicate the compressor (2) and the first electric regulating valve (3), and the system starts to work; when the oxygen concentration is smaller than a preset oxygen concentration threshold value, stopping the system;

The temperature sensor (18) measures the outlet gas temperature of the hot measuring channel of the fourth heat exchanger (17) and transmits a signal to the automatic controller (22); when the temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold value, the automatic controller (22) outputs a control signal to open the fourth electric regulating valve (16), increase the ram air entering the fourth heat exchanger (17), further reduce the temperature of the nitrogen-rich gas, and close the fifth electric regulating valve (20) to prevent the high-temperature gas from entering the oil tank and ensure the safety of the oil tank (21);

the pressure sensor (14) measures the pressure of the nitrogen and transmits a signal to the automatic controller (22); when the pressure is larger than the preset pressure threshold value, the automatic controller (22) adjusts the third electric adjusting valve (15) to increase the inlet flow of the fourth heat exchanger (17) so as to further reduce the pressure of the nitrogen.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fire prevention and explosion suppression, in particular to a fuel tank fire prevention and explosion suppression device and method based on three-bed type molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation.

Background

In the beginning of the 70 s in the 20 th century, airborne molecular sieves were used to provide oxygen for military aircraft flight personnel and ensure the safety of flight personnel during high-altitude operation. The airborne molecular sieve system gets rid of the logistic support, eliminates the potential safety hazard of using gas oxygen and liquid oxygen, has absolute advantages in safety and economy, and gradually becomes the inevitable choice of oxygen sources of military aircrafts.

The molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation technology is based on a pressure swing adsorption principle, and is characterized in that adsorption and desorption pressures of a molecular sieve are changed circularly, so that gas is adsorbed under high pressure and desorbed and regenerated under low pressure to form periodic operation, and separation of oxygen and nitrogen is realized.

With the development of an airborne oxygen production technology, a molecular sieve oxygen production system is developed from a two-bed system to a three-bed system, pressure fluctuation is small, and the molecular sieve oxygen production system is more suitable for the situation of high flow rate supply demand, but the three-bed type molecular sieve oxygen production technology still has certain problems, for example, the separated nitrogen-rich gas still has more energy and is directly discharged without utilization to cause a large amount of energy waste.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a fuel tank fire prevention and explosion suppression device and method based on three-bed molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation aiming at the defects in the background technology.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:

the fuel tank fire prevention and explosion suppression device and method based on three-bed type molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation comprise a filter, a compressor, a first electric regulating valve, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a water separator, a filter, an oil mist separator, a three-bed type molecular sieve, a third heat exchanger, a second electric regulating valve, an oxygen concentration sensor, an oxygen storage tank, a pressure sensor, a third electric regulating valve, a fourth heat exchanger, a temperature sensor, a flame suppressor, a fifth electric regulating valve, a fuel tank, an automatic controller and a fan;

The first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger comprise a hot side channel and a cold side channel; the three-bed type molecular sieve comprises a mixed gas inlet, an oxygen-enriched gas outlet and a nitrogen-enriched gas outlet, and is used for separating the mixed gas entering from the mixed gas inlet into the oxygen-enriched gas and the nitrogen-enriched gas, and then outputting the oxygen-enriched gas and the nitrogen-enriched gas through the oxygen-enriched gas outlet and the nitrogen-enriched gas outlet respectively;

one end of the first compressor is connected with an engine bleed air pipeline through a filter, and the other end of the first compressor, the first electric regulating valve, the hot side channel of the first heat exchanger, the hot side channel of the second heat exchanger and the inlet of the water separator are sequentially connected through pipelines;

the inlet of the cold side channel of the first heat exchanger is connected with outside air, and the outlet of the cold side channel of the first heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger through a pipeline; the outlet of the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger is connected with an outside air pipeline; the fan is arranged in a pipeline connecting the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger with the outside air and is used for sucking the outside air into the cold side channel of the first heat exchanger and then discharging the outside air through the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger;

the gas outlet of the water separator is connected with the inlet of the filter through a pipeline, and the liquid water outlet of the water separator discharges liquid water to the outside of the machine;

The outlet of the filter, the oil-mist separator and the mixed gas inlet of the three-bed type molecular sieve are sequentially connected through a pipeline;

an oxygen-enriched gas outlet of the three-bed type molecular sieve is connected with an oxygen storage tank pipeline sequentially through a hot side channel of the third heat exchanger, an oxygen concentration sensor and the oxygen storage tank pipeline, and a nitrogen-enriched gas outlet of the three-bed type molecular sieve is connected with an oil tank pipeline sequentially through a pressure sensor, a third electric regulating valve, a hot side channel of the fourth heat exchanger, a temperature sensor, a flame suppressor and a fifth electric regulating valve;

an inlet of a cold side channel of the third heat exchanger is connected with an external air pipeline through a second electric regulating valve, and an outlet of the cold side channel is connected with external air; an inlet of a cold side channel of the fourth heat exchanger is connected with an external air pipeline through a fourth electric regulating valve, and an outlet of the cold side channel is connected with external air;

the input end of the automatic controller is electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor respectively, and the output end of the automatic controller is electrically connected with the first electric regulating valve, the second electric regulating valve, the third electric regulating valve, the fourth electric regulating valve, the fan and the compressor respectively, and is used for controlling the work of the first electric regulating valve, the second electric regulating valve, the third electric regulating valve, the fourth electric regulating valve, the fan and the compressor according to the sensing data of the oxygen concentration sensor, the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor.

The invention also discloses a method for separating and inerting the air-entraining of the device for preventing fire and suppressing explosion of the fuel tank based on three-bed type molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation, which comprises the following specific steps:

leading air of the engine to enter a compressor through a pipeline and a filter for pressurization and temperature rise; high-temperature and high-pressure gas supplied by a compressor enters a first heat exchanger through a first electric regulating valve for precooling, and then is cooled through a second heat exchanger; the cold source of the first heat exchanger and the cold source of the second heat exchanger are provided by sucking ram air by a fan;

the mixed gas cooled by the second heat exchanger is subjected to water vapor impurity removal by a water separator, a filter and an oil mist separator and then is introduced into a three-bed molecular sieve;

the three-bed type molecular sieve separates the mixed gas into oxygen-enriched gas and nitrogen-enriched gas, wherein the generated oxygen-enriched gas is discharged into an oxygen storage tank through a third heat exchanger and an oxygen concentration sensor for the use of a crew member, and the generated oxygen-enriched gas is discharged into an oil tank through a pressure sensor, a third electric regulating valve, a fourth heat exchanger, a temperature sensor, a flame suppressor and a fifth electric regulating valve to inertize a gas phase space.

The invention also discloses a data acquisition and control method of the fuel tank fire prevention and explosion suppression device based on three-bed type molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation, which comprises the following specific steps:

The oxygen concentration sensor detects the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched gas cooled by the third heat exchanger through a probe rod and transmits a signal to the automatic controller; when the oxygen concentration is greater than a preset oxygen concentration threshold value, the automatic controller outputs a control signal to communicate the compressor and the first electric regulating valve, and the system starts to work; when the oxygen concentration is smaller than a preset oxygen concentration threshold value, stopping the system;

the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the heat measuring channel of the fourth heat exchanger and transmits a signal to the automatic controller; when the temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold value, the automatic controller outputs a control signal to open the fourth electric regulating valve, increase the ram air entering the fourth heat exchanger, further reduce the temperature of the nitrogen-rich gas, and close the fifth electric regulating valve simultaneously to prevent the high-temperature gas from entering the oil tank and ensure the safety of the oil tank;

the pressure sensor measures the pressure of the nitrogen and transmits a signal to the automatic controller; when the pressure is larger than the preset pressure threshold value, the automatic controller adjusts the third electric adjusting valve to increase the inlet flow of the fourth heat exchanger, and the nitrogen pressure is further reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:

The oxygen-enriched gas generated by the molecular sieve system is supplied to flight personnel by a three-bed molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation technology, and the nitrogen-enriched gas generated by the molecular sieve system is introduced into the oil tank to inertize the gas phase space, so that the oxygen concentration in the gas phase space at the upper part of the oil tank is reduced. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention makes up the problems still existing in the research of molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation technology, and has the advantages of high energy utilization rate, no environmental pollution and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fire-proof explosion suppression device of a fuel tank based on a three-bed molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation technology.

In the figure, 1-filter, 2-compressor, 3-first electric regulating valve, 4-first heat exchanger, 5-second heat exchanger, 6-water separator, 7-filter, 8-oil mist separator, 9-three-bed type molecular sieve, 10-third heat exchanger, 11-second electric regulating valve, 12-oxygen concentration sensor, 13-oxygen storage tank, 14-pressure sensor, 15-third electric regulating valve, 16-fourth electric regulating valve, 17-fourth heat exchanger, 18-temperature sensor, 19-flame suppressor, 20-fifth electric regulating valve, 21-oil tank, 22-automatic controller and 23-fan.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:

The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.

As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a fire-proof explosion suppression device and method for a fuel tank based on three-bed molecular sieve onboard oxygen production, comprising a filter 1, a compressor 2, a first electric regulating valve 3, a first heat exchanger 4, a second heat exchanger 5, a water separator 6, a filter 7, an oil mist separator 8, a three-bed molecular sieve 9, a third heat exchanger 10, a second electric regulating valve 11, an oxygen concentration sensor 12, an oxygen storage tank 13, a pressure sensor 14, a third electric regulating valve 15, a fourth electric regulating valve 16, a fourth heat exchanger 17, a temperature sensor 18, a flame suppressor 19, a fifth electric regulating valve 20, an oil tank 21, an automatic controller 22 and a fan 23;

the first heat exchanger 4, the second heat exchanger 5, the third heat exchanger 10 and the fourth heat exchanger 17 all comprise a hot side channel and a cold side channel; the three-bed type molecular sieve 9 comprises a mixed gas inlet, an oxygen-rich gas outlet and a nitrogen-rich gas outlet, and is used for separating the mixed gas entering from the mixed gas inlet into the oxygen-rich gas and the nitrogen-rich gas, and then respectively outputting the oxygen-rich gas and the nitrogen-rich gas through the oxygen-rich gas outlet and the nitrogen-rich gas outlet;

One end of the first compressor 2 is connected with an engine bleed air pipeline through a filter 1, and the other end of the first compressor 2, the first electric regulating valve 3, a hot side channel of the first heat exchanger 4, a hot side channel of the second heat exchanger 5 and an inlet of the water separator 6 are sequentially connected through pipelines;

the inlet of the cold side channel of the first heat exchanger 4 is connected with the outside air, and the outlet of the cold side channel of the first heat exchanger 4 is connected with the inlet of the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger 5 through a pipeline; the outlet of the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger 5 is connected with an outside air pipeline; the fan 23 is arranged in a pipeline connecting the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger 5 with the outside air, and is used for sucking the outside air into the cold side channel of the first heat exchanger 4 and then discharging the outside air through the cold side channel of the second heat exchanger 5;

the gas outlet of the water separator 6 is connected with the inlet of the filter 7 through a pipeline, and the liquid water outlet of the water separator 6 discharges the liquid water to the outside of the machine;

the outlet of the filter 7, the oil mist separator 8 and the mixed gas inlet of the three-bed type molecular sieve 9 are connected in sequence through pipelines;

an oxygen-rich gas outlet of the three-bed type molecular sieve 9 is connected with an oxygen storage tank 13 through a pipeline sequentially through a hot side channel of a third heat exchanger 10, an oxygen concentration sensor 12 and a nitrogen-rich gas outlet of the three-bed type molecular sieve 9 is connected with an oil tank 21 through a pipeline sequentially through a pressure sensor 14, a third electric regulating valve 15, a hot side channel of a fourth heat exchanger 17, a temperature sensor 18, a flame suppressor 19, a fifth electric regulating valve 20 and an oil tank;

The inlet of the cold side channel of the third heat exchanger 10 is connected with an external air pipeline through a second electric regulating valve 11, and the outlet of the cold side channel is connected with external air; the inlet of the cold side channel of the fourth heat exchanger 17 is connected with an external air pipeline through a fourth electric regulating valve 16, and the outlet of the cold side channel is connected with external air;

the input end of the automatic controller 22 is electrically connected with the oxygen concentration sensor 12, the pressure sensor 14 and the temperature sensor 18, and the output end of the automatic controller is electrically connected with the first electric control valve 3, the second electric control valve 11, the third electric control valve 15, the fourth electric control valve 16, the fan 23 and the compressor 2, and is used for controlling the first electric control valve 3, the second electric control valve 11, the third electric control valve 15, the fourth electric control valve 16, the fan 23 and the compressor 2 to work according to the sensing data of the oxygen concentration sensor 12, the pressure sensor 14 and the temperature sensor 18.

The invention also discloses a method for separating and inerting the air-entraining of the device for preventing fire and suppressing explosion of the fuel tank based on three-bed type molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation, which comprises the following specific steps:

engine bleed air enters a compressor 2 through a pipeline and a filter 1 to be pressurized and heated; high-temperature and high-pressure gas supplied by the compressor 2 enters the first heat exchanger 4 through the first electric regulating valve 3 for precooling, and then is cooled through the second heat exchanger 5; the first heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 5 provide cold sources by a fan 23 sucking ram air;

The mixed gas cooled by the second heat exchanger 5 is subjected to water vapor impurity removal by a water separator 6, a filter 7 and an oil mist separator 8 and then is introduced into a three-bed type molecular sieve 9;

the three-bed type molecular sieve 9 separates the mixed gas into oxygen-enriched gas and nitrogen-enriched gas, wherein the generated oxygen-enriched gas is discharged into an oxygen storage tank 13 through a third heat exchanger 10 and an oxygen concentration sensor 12 for the use of the crew, and the generated oxygen-enriched gas is discharged into an oil tank 21 through a pressure sensor 14, a third electric regulating valve 15, a fourth heat exchanger 17, a temperature sensor 18, a flame suppressor 19 and a fifth electric regulating valve 20 to inertize the gas phase space.

The invention also discloses a data acquisition and control method of the fuel tank fire prevention and explosion suppression device based on three-bed type molecular sieve airborne oxygen generation, which comprises the following specific steps:

the oxygen concentration sensor 12 detects the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched gas cooled by the third heat exchanger 10 through a probe and transmits a signal to the automatic controller 22; when the oxygen concentration is greater than the preset oxygen concentration threshold, the automatic controller 22 outputs a control signal to communicate the compressor 2 and the first electric regulating valve 3, and the system starts to work; when the oxygen concentration is smaller than a preset oxygen concentration threshold value, stopping the system;

The temperature sensor 18 measures the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the hot measuring channel of the fourth heat exchanger 17 and transmits a signal to the automatic controller 22; when the temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold value, the automatic controller 22 outputs a control signal to open the fourth electric regulating valve 16, increase the ram air entering the fourth heat exchanger 17, further reduce the temperature of the nitrogen-rich gas, and simultaneously close the fifth electric regulating valve 20 to prevent the high-temperature gas from entering the oil tank and ensure the safety of the oil tank 21;

the pressure sensor 14 measures the nitrogen pressure and transmits a signal to the automatic controller 22; when the pressure is larger than the preset pressure threshold value, the automatic controller 22 adjusts the third electric adjusting valve 15 to increase the inlet flow of the fourth heat exchanger 17, so that the nitrogen pressure is further reduced.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.