阅读说明：本技术 用于混凝土的机制砂调节剂、混凝土及其制备方法 (Machine-made sand regulator for concrete, concrete and preparation method thereof ) 是由 陈志杰 杨文俊 刘衍行 黄沛文 于 2020-05-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及建筑材料技术领域,公开了一种用于混凝土的机制砂调节剂,包括：聚羧酸母液、二乙醇单异丙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、甘油和硫酸钠；溶剂为水。本公开实施例的机制砂调节剂中,具有丰富的羟基,呈弱碱性,不含氯离子,无毒、无腐蚀性,是一种高性能绿色环保材料。成分简单,通过调控组分的合理配比,达到优异的性能。作为混凝土的外加剂,使得混凝土中的砂料可以全部采用机制砂。不产生废液,搅拌后无需清洗,无生产废水产生,无废气产生。本申请还公开一种混凝土及其制备方法。(The application relates to the technical field of building materials, and discloses a machine-made sand regulator for concrete, which comprises: polycarboxylic acid mother liquor, diethanolisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, glycerol and sodium sulfate; the solvent is water. The machine-made sand regulator disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure has abundant hydroxyl groups, is alkalescent, does not contain chloride ions, is nontoxic and noncorrosive, and is a high-performance green environment-friendly material. The components are simple, and the excellent performance is achieved by regulating and controlling the reasonable proportion of the components. As an additive of concrete, the sand material in the concrete can be all made of machine-made sand. No waste liquid is generated, no cleaning is needed after stirring, no production wastewater is generated, and no waste gas is generated. The application also discloses concrete and a preparation method thereof.)

1. A machine-made sand regulator for concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 2 to 5 percent of polycarboxylic acid mother liquor, 1 to 4 percent of diethanolisopropanolamine, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of triisopropanolamine, 1 to 4 percent of glycerol and 0.1 to 0.4 percent of sodium sulfate; the solvent is water.

2. The machine-made sand regulator as claimed in claim 1, which comprises, in weight percent: 3 to 5 percent of polycarboxylic acid mother liquor, 1 to 3 percent of diethanolisopropanolamine, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of triisopropanolamine, 1 to 3 percent of glycerol and 0.1 to 0.3 percent of sodium sulfate; the solvent is water.

3. The machine-made sand regulator as claimed in claim 1, which comprises, in weight percent: 4% of polycarboxylic acid mother liquor, 2% of diethanolisopropanolamine, 0.2% of triisopropanolamine, 2% of glycerol and 0.2% of sodium sulfate; the solvent is water.

4. The concrete comprises a cementing material, a coarse aggregate, a fine aggregate and an additive; characterized in that the admixture comprises a water reducing agent and the machine-made sand conditioner of claim 1, 2 or 3; wherein the amount of the water reducing agent is 3-4% of the weight of the cementing material, and the amount of the machine-made sand regulator is 1-2% of the weight of the cementing material; the fine aggregate is machine-made sand.

5. The concrete according to claim 4, wherein the machine-made sand is obtained by modifying the machine-made sand using the machine-made sand modifier according to claim 1, 2 or 3.

6. The concrete according to claim 5, wherein the modification treatment comprises:

adding water to dilute the machine-made sand regulator to obtain a dilution regulator; the mixing ratio of the machine-made sand regulator to water is 1: 2-5;

heating machine-made sand to 45-55 ℃, mixing and uniformly stirring the dilution regulator and the machine-made sand, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and cooling to obtain modified machine-made sand; wherein the volume ratio of the dilution regulator to the machine-made sand is 1: 90-120.

7. The concrete according to claim 4, 5 or 6, further comprising an admixture, wherein the weight ratio of the admixture to the cementitious material is 0.5-1: 1; the admixture comprises fly ash, pumice powder and zeolite powder; wherein the weight ratio of the fly ash to the pumice powder is 1: 0.5 to 0.8; the weight ratio of the fly ash to the zeolite powder is 1: 0.5 to 0.8.

8. The concrete according to claim 7, comprising, in parts by weight: 150-200 parts of cementing material, 800-1000 parts of coarse aggregate, 800-1200 parts of fine aggregate, 4.5-8 parts of water reducing agent, 1.5-4 parts of machine-made sand regulator, 100-150 parts of admixture and 100-200 parts of water.

9. A method of producing concrete according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

mixing machine-made sand and a machine-made sand regulator to obtain fine aggregate;

mixing the cementing material, the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and water, and uniformly stirring to obtain concrete; and finishing the preparation of the concrete.

10. The method for preparing concrete according to claim 9, wherein when the admixture comprises the admixture, the cementitious material and the admixture are ball milled and mixed to obtain a composite cementitious material; then mixing the composite cementing material, the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and water, and uniformly stirring to obtain concrete; and finishing the preparation of the concrete.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of building materials, for example to a machine-made sand regulator for concrete, the concrete and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Concrete, referred to as "concrete" for short: the concrete is a general term for engineering composite materials formed by cementing aggregate into a whole by cementing materials, and the term of concrete generally refers to that cement is used as the cementing materials, and sand and stone are used as the aggregate; the cement concrete, also called as common concrete, is obtained by mixing with water (which may contain additives and admixtures) according to a certain proportion and stirring, and is widely applied to civil engineering. Therefore, sand is the main material of the concrete composition.

At present, with the increasing quantity of sand for the construction market, natural sand resources are less and less, and therefore machine-made sand appears. The machine-made sand is artificial sand prepared from local parent rock through certain crushing and particle size, and the finished product is more regular, can be processed into sands with different rules and sizes according to different process requirements, and can better meet daily requirements. Therefore, it is imperative to use machine-made sand instead of natural sand as concrete fine aggregate.

In the process of implementing the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is found that at least the following problems exist in the related art: because the machine-made sand contains stone powder, the machine-made sand can not be adopted to completely replace natural sand as concrete fine aggregate.

Disclosure of Invention

The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments. This summary is not an extensive overview nor is intended to identify key/critical elements or to delineate the scope of such embodiments but rather as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a machine-made sand regulator for concrete, concrete and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problem that machine-made sand cannot be used for replacing natural sand as concrete fine aggregate due to stone powder contained in the machine-made sand.

In some embodiments, the machine-made sand regulator for concrete comprises, by weight: 2 to 5 percent of polycarboxylic acid mother liquor, 1 to 4 percent of diethanolisopropanolamine, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of triisopropanolamine, 1 to 4 percent of glycerol and 0.1 to 0.4 percent of sodium sulfate; the solvent is water.

In some embodiments, the concrete comprises a cementitious material, a coarse aggregate, a fine aggregate, and an admixture; wherein the additive comprises a water reducing agent and the machine-made sand regulator; wherein the amount of the water reducing agent is 3-4% of the weight of the cementing material, and the amount of the machine-made sand regulator is 1-2% of the weight of the cementing material; the fine aggregate is machine-made sand.

In some embodiments, the method of preparing the concrete comprises the steps of:

mixing machine-made sand and a machine-made sand regulator to obtain fine aggregate;

mixing the cementing material, the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and water, and uniformly stirring to obtain concrete; and finishing the preparation of the concrete.

The machine-made sand regulator for concrete, the concrete and the preparation method thereof provided by the embodiment of the disclosure can realize the following technical effects:

the machine-made sand regulator disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure has abundant hydroxyl groups, is alkalescent, does not contain chloride ions, is nontoxic and noncorrosive, and is a high-performance green environment-friendly material. Moreover, unlike the prior art in which the performance of the external additive is generally improved by adding a large number of components, the machine-made sand conditioner of the embodiments of the present disclosure determines 5 components through a large amount of analysis work, has simple components, and achieves excellent performance by adjusting and controlling the reasonable proportion of the 5 components.

The machine-made sand regulator provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is used as an additive of concrete, so that all sand materials in the concrete can adopt machine-made sand, and the content of stone powder in the machine-made sand is not limited. The 2h slump and the 2h expansion of the concrete adopting the machine-made sand can be obviously improved.

In the machine-made sand regulator disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, water is mainly used as raw material and auxiliary material mixed water, no waste liquid is generated, cleaning is not needed after stirring, and no production wastewater is generated. And no waste gas is generated in the stirring process.

The foregoing general description and the following description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Detailed Description

So that the manner in which the features and technical contents of the embodiments of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be given below, and the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described by way of reference only and are not intended to be limiting. In the following description of the technology, for purposes of explanation, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, one or more embodiments may be practiced without these details.

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a machine-made sand regulator for concrete, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2 to 5 percent of polycarboxylic acid mother liquor, 1 to 4 percent of diethanolisopropanolamine, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of triisopropanolamine, 1 to 4 percent of glycerol and 0.1 to 0.4 percent of sodium sulfate; the solvent is water.

The machine-made sand regulator disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure has abundant hydroxyl groups, is alkalescent, does not contain chloride ions, is nontoxic and noncorrosive, and is a high-performance green environment-friendly material. Moreover, unlike the prior art in which the performance of the external additive is generally improved by adding a large number of components, the machine-made sand conditioner of the embodiments of the present disclosure determines 5 components through a large amount of analysis work, has simple components, and achieves excellent performance by adjusting and controlling the reasonable proportion of the 5 components. Meets the GB8076-2008 concrete additive specification, and can be widely used for various concrete projects.

In the disclosed embodiment, a polycarboxylic acid mother liquor, diethanolisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, glycerol, sodium sulfate and water are prepared in percentage by weight. Adding sodium sulfate into partial water to dissolve to obtain a sodium sulfate solution; and then mixing the polycarboxylic acid mother liquor, diethanolisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, glycerol and a sodium sulfate solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain the machine-made sand regulator disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure.

The machine-made sand regulator provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is used as an additive of concrete, so that all sand materials in the concrete can adopt machine-made sand, and the content of stone powder in the machine-made sand is not limited.

The machine-made sand regulator disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure can also be used as a modification regulator of the machine-made sand, so that the matching of the machine-made sand and concrete materials such as cement and coarse aggregate is improved, and the performance of the concrete is further improved.

In the machine-made sand regulator disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, a polycarboxylic acid mother liquor is a transparent or light yellow viscous liquid, has no pungent smell, has a boiling point of 100 ℃, a density of 1.080 +/-0.02 g/mL, a viscosity of 10-50 Pa.s and a water reduction rate of more than or equal to 25%. The polycarboxylic acid mother liquor is a weakly alkaline material, is soluble in water, is non-toxic and non-corrosive, and has no explosion and flammability dangers, thereby being a relatively green and environment-friendly product.

Diethanol monoisopropanolamine, a clear, colorless, slightly odorous liquid with a boiling point of 145 ℃ and a density of 1.03g/cm³As water reducing agent and surfactant.

Triisopropanolamine: transparent colorless liquid with density of 1.02g/cm³The pH value is 5-7, the critical temperature is 200 ℃ (1013hPa), triisopropanolamine is used as a cement grinding aid and an early strength agent, and the early strength effect is achieved by promoting the early coagulation characteristic.

Glycerol: colorless, odorless, sweet in flavor, clear, viscous liquid in appearance, and relative density 1.26362. The melting point is 17.8 ℃, the boiling point is 290.0 ℃ (decomposition), the refractive index is 1.4746, the flash point (open cup) is 176 ℃, and the moisture absorbent can be used as a moisture absorbent to achieve a certain drying effect.

Sodium sulfate: sodium sulfate (Na)₂SO₄) Is salt formed by combining sulfate radical and sodium ion, is neutral salt of sulfuric acid, and is very stable salt. Is easily soluble in water, and the water solution is weakly alkaline, and is soluble in glycerol but insoluble in ethanol. The high purity, finely divided anhydrate is called glauber's salt. The anhydrous sodium sulphate is white, odorless and bitter crystal or powder, has hygroscopicity, and is colorless, transparent, large crystal or granular small crystal. The sodium sulfate can make the hydrated product calcium sulphoaluminate generate more quickly, thereby accelerating the hydration hardening speed of the cement and improving the early strength of the concrete by 50 to 100 percent.

Therefore, in the machine-made sand regulator disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, water is mainly used as raw and auxiliary material mixed water, no waste liquid is generated, cleaning is not needed after stirring, and no production wastewater is generated. And no waste gas is generated in the stirring process.

When the machine-made sand regulator of the embodiment of the disclosure is used as a concrete additive, the action principle is as follows:

1. The high-polarity molecular groups in the regulator can generate stronger chemical reaction with a cement matrix, and can easily form covalent bonds with metal ions by virtue of a pair of functional groups containing N atoms in molecules, so that a complex reaction is generated, the dissolution rates of C3S and C4AF in cement are improved, the volume of cement paste is increased, the wrapping property of a cementing material is improved, the compactness of the cement is improved, and the strength of the cement is improved;

2. the regulator molecule can allow Ca (OH) in the cement liquid phase₂The supersaturation degree is improved, so that the saturation point doping amount of the water reducing agent is effectively improved, segregation and bleeding are not easy to generate, and meanwhile, the C3A is effectively prevented from being hydrated in early stage to generate a loose crystalline phase structure, so that the compactness of the cement during hardening is further improved;

3. the regulator molecules can promote the dissolution of iron ions and improve the hydration rate of ferrite, so that the later strength of the cement is improved;

4. the regulator molecules can penetrate into the fine gaps in the sandstone aggregate in a microscopic mode to form covalent bonds, so that the transition area between the cement matrix and the section of the sandstone is improved, and the adhesion of cement stones is improved.

In some embodiments, the machine-made sand conditioner comprises, in weight percent: 3 to 5 percent of polycarboxylic acid mother liquor, 1 to 3 percent of diethanolisopropanolamine, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of triisopropanolamine, 1 to 3 percent of glycerol and 0.1 to 0.3 percent of sodium sulfate; the solvent is water. The proportion of each component is more finely regulated and controlled, so that the mutual synergistic effect among the raw materials is better, and the synergistic effect is better played.

In some embodiments, the machine-made sand conditioner comprises, in weight percent: 4% of polycarboxylic acid mother liquor, 2% of diethanolisopropanolamine, 0.2% of triisopropanolamine, 2% of glycerol and 0.2% of sodium sulfate; the solvent is water. The proportion of each component is accurately regulated and controlled, so that the mutual synergistic action among the raw materials is optimal, and the synergistic action is better played.

The embodiment of the disclosure also provides concrete, which comprises a cementing material, a coarse aggregate, a fine aggregate and an additive; the additive comprises a water reducing agent and the machine-made sand regulator, wherein the using amount of the water reducing agent is 3-4% of the weight of the cementing material, and the using amount of the machine-made sand regulator is 1-2% of the weight of the cementing material; the fine aggregate is made of machine-made sand.

In the concrete of the embodiment of the disclosure, the machine-made sand regulator is used as a synergist, so that the using amount of the water reducing agent can be reduced on the premise of ensuring the fluidity of the concrete, and the machine-made sand can be used for completely replacing natural sand to serve as fine aggregate. Moreover, the performance of the concrete is still achieved or even better than that of the comparative concrete sample with natural sand completely (see the performance data given in subsequent tables 1 and 2).

In some embodiments, the water reducing agent is present in an amount of 3.3% to 3.8% by weight of the cementitious material and the machine-made sand conditioner is present in an amount of 1.3% to 1.5% by weight of the cementitious material.

In some embodiments, the water reducing agent is present in an amount of 3.6% by weight of the cementitious material and the machine-made sand conditioner is present in an amount of 1.4% by weight of the cementitious material.

In the concrete of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the cementitious material is cement.

The water reducing agent comprises a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent adopted in the machine-made sand regulator can be adopted.

The coarse aggregate is conventional coarse aggregate. Optionally, 1-3 stones are used as the coarse aggregate.

In some embodiments, the machine-made sand is modified machine-made sand obtained by modifying the machine-made sand with the machine-made sand modifier. The surface of the machine-made sand adsorbs the regulator, and particularly, the regulator is coated on the surface of stone powder in the machine-made sand, so that the viscosity brought by the stone powder is reduced, and the fluidity of concrete is favorably improved.

In some embodiments, the modifying process comprises:

step a, adding water to a machine-made sand regulator for dilution to obtain a dilution regulator; wherein, the mixing ratio of the machine-made sand regulator and water is 1: 2-5;

B, heating the machine-made sand to 45-55 ℃, then mixing and uniformly stirring the dilution regulator and the machine-made sand, preserving heat for 1-2 hours, and cooling to obtain modified machine-made sand; wherein, the volume ratio of the diluting regulator to the machine-made sand is 1: 90-120 parts.

In the embodiment, the conditioning agent can be bonded with the machine-made sand on the surface of the machine-made sand, so that the compound is grafted on the surface of the machine-made sand in situ, the viscosity caused by stone powder in the machine-made sand can be better reduced, the subsequent fusion connection with other materials such as cement is facilitated, the fluidity of the concrete is improved, and the physical properties such as the compressive strength of the concrete are improved.

Optionally, in the dilution regulator, the mixing ratio of the machine-made sand regulator to water is 1: 3 to 5. Optionally, the mixing ratio of the machine-made sand regulator to water is 1: 4.

optionally, heating the machine-made sand to 50 ℃, then mixing and stirring the dilution regulator and the machine-made sand uniformly, preserving heat for 1.5 hours, and cooling to obtain modified machine-made sand; wherein, the volume ratio of the diluting regulator to the machine-made sand is 1: 100.

in some embodiments, the admixture further comprises an admixture in a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1: 1; the admixture comprises fly ash, pumice powder and zeolite powder; wherein the weight ratio of the fly ash to the pumice powder is 1: 0.5-0.8; the weight ratio of the fly ash to the zeolite powder is 1: 0.5-0.8.

In the embodiment of the disclosure, the admixture is a mixture of fly ash, pumice powder and zeolite powder. Pumice powder is a volcano-ejected lightweight porous rock with a developed pore structure. The main chemical components of the pumice powder are ferric oxide and aluminum oxide. The zeolite powder is prepared by grinding natural zeolite rock. Zeolite is a naturally calcined pozzolanic aluminosilicate mineral. The aluminosilicate in the zeolite powder can react with carbonate in stone powder of the machine-made sand to generate the aluminosilicate to offset the influence of the stone powder amount on the cement strength, so that the machine-made sand can completely replace natural river sand, and the strength of concrete can be further improved.

Optionally, the weight ratio of the fly ash to the pumice powder is 1: 0.6; the weight ratio of the fly ash to the zeolite powder is 1: 0.6.

in some embodiments, the pumice powder has a particle size of 1-5 μm and the zeolite powder has a particle size of 10-200 nm. The zeolite powder can be filled into the pore structure of the pumice powder, so that the specific gravity of the pumice powder is increased, the dispersibility of the pumice powder in concrete is improved, the pumice powder is in contact reaction with cement fully, and the performance of the concrete is improved.

In some embodiments, a method of making an admixture comprises: ball-milling the zeolite powder for 30 min-1 h, adding pumice powder, and ball-milling for 1-2 h; finally adding the fly ash, and ball-milling and mixing for 30-45 min. And obtaining the admixture. Zeolite powder can be filled in the air holes of the pumice powder, so that the specific gravity of the pumice powder is improved, the dispersibility of the pumice powder in concrete is improved, the pumice powder is in contact reaction with cement fully, and the performance of the concrete is improved.

In some embodiments, the admixture is present at a weight ratio of 0.5 to 0.8: 1. The cement consumption is reduced.

Optionally, the weight ratio of admixture to cementitious material is 0.65: 1.

In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the ratio of each component in the concrete may be based on the ratio of the conventional concrete, or may be specifically blended according to the actual situation, which is not limited.

In some embodiments, the concrete comprises, in parts by weight: 150-200 parts of cementing material, 800-1000 parts of coarse aggregate, 800-1200 parts of fine aggregate, 4.5-8 parts of water reducing agent, 1.5-4 parts of machine-made sand regulator, 100-150 parts of admixture and 100-200 parts of water. The amount of each component may be any amount within the range, and will not be described herein.

Optionally, the concrete comprises, by weight: 160-190 parts of cementing material, 800-900 parts of coarse aggregate, 1000-1100 parts of fine aggregate, 5.2-7.2 parts of water reducing agent, 2.1-2.8 parts of machine-made sand regulator, 100-130 parts of admixture and 130-180 parts of water.

Optionally, the concrete comprises, by weight: 180 parts of cementing material, 850 parts of coarse aggregate, 1050 parts of fine aggregate, 6.5 parts of water reducing agent, 2.5 parts of machine-made sand regulator, 120 parts of admixture and 160 parts of water.

Specific examples of the embodiments of the present disclosure are given below.