阅读说明：本技术 一种用元宝枫种子提取神经酸和蛋白质的生产方法 (A method for extracting nervonic acid and protein from Acer Truncatum Bunge seed ) 是由 贾科平 于 2020-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用元宝枫种子提取神经酸和蛋白质的生产方法,通过碱提酸沉后的蛋白质纯度更高,蛋白质提取率为80％以上,纯度高达92％以上；可广泛应用于食品添加剂,促进了元宝枫籽粕的综合利用。提取神经酸采用吸附、皂化、脲包、萃取,结晶等工艺,将神经酸含量提高到90％以上,具有操作简单,生产成本低,可同时提取多种成分,综合利用,降低成本,提高生产效益的优点。(The invention relates to a production method for extracting nervonic acid and protein by using acer truncatum seeds, the protein purity after alkali extraction and acid precipitation is higher, the protein extraction rate is more than 80%, and the purity is as high as more than 92%; can be widely applied to food additives, and promotes the comprehensive utilization of acer truncatum seed meal. The nervonic acid is extracted by adopting the processes of adsorption, saponification, urea coating, extraction, crystallization and the like, the content of the nervonic acid is improved to more than 90 percent, and the method has the advantages of simple operation, low production cost, capability of simultaneously extracting various components, comprehensive utilization, cost reduction and production benefit improvement.)

1. A production method for extracting nervonic acid and protein from Acer Truncatum Bunge seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step a) pressing acer truncatum seeds by a physical squeezing method to obtain acer truncatum crude oil and oil residue, crushing the oil residue to 10-20 meshes, adding 8-12 times of 1% sodium hydroxide solution, extracting for 1-2 times at 80-100 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 hours each time, filtering, adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 7 by hydrochloric acid, standing for 2-6 hours for precipitation, centrifugally separating, and drying in vacuum to obtain a protein finished product;

step b) filtering the acer truncatum crude oil by using an adsorbent, adding alkali into 95% ethanol serving as a solvent to perform saponification reaction for 1-3 hours, filtering, and recovering ethanol to obtain mixed fatty acid salt;

step c), taking mixed fatty acid salt, adding urea ethanol solution in the same volume, stirring for 1 hour, adding 2M hydrochloric acid, reacting for 1 hour at 50-70 ℃, extracting with ethyl acetate, combining extract liquor, and concentrating to obtain a crude product of nervonic acid;

and d) adding acetone into the crude product of the nervonic acid, stirring and crystallizing, centrifugally separating, and drying in vacuum to obtain a nervonic acid product with the content of more than 90%.

2. The method for producing the nervonic acid and the protein extracted from the acer truncatum seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oil residue is crushed and sieved by a sieve of 10-20 meshes, and 10 times of 1% sodium hydroxide solution is added for extraction at 90 ℃ for 1 hour in step a).

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adsorbent in step b) is activated clay in an amount of 4-8 times the weight of the crude oil.

4. The method for extracting nervonic acid and protein from Acer truncatum seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step b), the adsorbent is activated clay in an amount of 5 times of the weight of the crude oil; adding 4-8 times volume of 95% ethanol, wherein the alkali is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, the mass of the added alkali is 8-12% of that of the crude oil, the saponification reaction temperature is 50-80 ℃, and the saponification reaction is carried out for 1-3 hours.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein 95% ethanol is added in 6 times volume of the product in step b), the alkali is potassium hydroxide, the alkali is 10% of the crude oil, the saponification temperature is 65 deg.C, and the saponification reaction is carried out for 2 hr.

6. The method for extracting nervonic acid and protein from Acer truncatum seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step c), the ratio of urea: mixed fatty acid salt: 95% ethanol at a w/w/v ratio of 1-2: 1: 5-15.

7. The method for extracting nervonic acid and protein from Acer truncatum seeds as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step c), the ratio of urea: mixed fatty acid salt: 95% ethanol in a w/w/v ratio of 1.5: 1: 10.

8. the method for producing the nervonic acid and the protein extracted from the acer truncatum seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step d), the crystallization process comprises; adding acetone with the volume of 1-3 times of that of the mixture, and stirring and crystallizing for 2-8 hours.

9. The method for producing the nervonic acid and the protein extracted from the acer truncatum seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step d), the crystallization process comprises; acetone was added in 2 volumes and crystallized with stirring for 4 hours.

10. The method for extracting nervonic acid and protein from Acer Truncatum Bunge seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step a) comprises the following steps: performing damp-heat treatment on the Acer truncatum bunge kernels, adjusting the water content to 8-10%, squeezing by using a shaft-cooled spiral cold squeezer, wherein the squeezing temperature is not higher than 65 ℃, the cake residual oil is not higher than 12%, and squeezing to obtain crude oil.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction of medicinal plant components, and particularly relates to a production method for extracting nervonic acid and protein by using acer truncatum seeds.

Background

Nervonic Acid (Nervoic Acid) is a long chain unsaturated fatty Acid, also known as shark Acid, since it is mainly derived from deep sea shark and shark oil. Nervonic acid is originally found in nerve tissues of mammals, has high content in nerve tissues and brain tissues, is also present in retina and semen, and is an important component of biological membranes. The extraction from shark oil and brain is limited by resources and cannot be mass-produced. The route of the chemical synthesis of the nervonic acid, the process is complex, the yield is low, and the industrialization can not be realized. The content of nervonic acid in the acer truncatum seeds reaches 2.0 percent, and the acer truncatum seeds contain higher nervonic acid in long-chain fatty acid, so that the acer truncatum seeds are a new nervonic acid resource which can be continuously utilized compared with deep sea shark oil.

The acer truncatum bunge kernel contains 25-27% of protein and no starch, and is fresh in plant seeds. After the kernel extracts oil, the oil meal is a good edible protein. According to the determination, the protein of the Hypericum sampsonii Hance contains 9 kinds of amino acids which are necessary for human body, belongs to complete protein, and the prepared high-quality food has delicious taste and is an ideal protein resource. The functional test of the acer truncatum buge protein shows that the foaming property of the acer truncatum buge seeds is higher than that of the soybean defatted powder, and the acer truncatum buge seeds can be used as egg substitutes to be used as foaming agents for processing baked food or ice cream so as to improve the quality. The acer truncatum seed meal is a solid waste generated after the acer truncatum seeds are physically squeezed to extract oil, the utilization rate is low, and great resource waste and environmental pollution are caused. After the acer truncatum seeds are pressed, a large amount of protein is still remained in the seed meal, which is a great resource waste, and if the acer truncatum seeds can be developed and utilized as a natural plant protein, the utilization rate of the acer truncatum seeds can be improved, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by the waste of the acer truncatum seeds can be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a production method for extracting nervonic acid and protein while the raw material source is wide, the extraction cost is low, and the method can be used for industrial production.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a production method for extracting nervonic acid and protein from Acer Truncatum Bunge seeds comprises the following steps:

step a) pressing acer truncatum seeds by a physical squeezing method to obtain acer truncatum crude oil and oil residue, crushing the oil residue to 10-20 meshes, adding 5-15 times of 1% sodium hydroxide solution, extracting for 1-2 times at 80-100 ℃ for 0.5-1.5 hours each time, filtering, adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 7 by hydrochloric acid, standing for 2-6 hours for precipitation, centrifugally separating, and drying in vacuum to obtain a protein finished product;

step b) filtering the acer truncatum crude oil by using an adsorbent, adding alkali into 95% ethanol serving as a solvent to perform saponification reaction for 1-3 hours, filtering, and recovering ethanol to obtain mixed fatty acid salt;

step c), taking mixed fatty acid salt, adding urea ethanol solution in the same volume, stirring for 1 hour, adding 2M hydrochloric acid, reacting for 1 hour at 50-70 ℃, extracting with ethyl acetate, combining extract liquor, and concentrating to obtain a crude product of nervonic acid;

and d) adding acetone into the crude product of the nervonic acid, stirring and crystallizing, centrifugally separating, and drying in vacuum to obtain a nervonic acid product with the content of more than 90%.

Preferably, in step a), the oil residue is crushed and sieved by a sieve of 10-20 meshes, and 10 times of 1% sodium hydroxide solution is added for extraction at 85 ℃ for 1 hour.

Preferably, in step b), the adsorbent is activated clay, and the dosage of the adsorbent is 5 times of that of the crude oil; adding 95% ethanol 4-8 times the volume of the crude oil, wherein the alkali is potassium hydroxide, the mass of the added alkali is 10% of that of the crude oil, the saponification reaction temperature is 50-80 ℃, and the saponification reaction is carried out for 1-3 hours. More preferably, in step b), 95% ethanol with 6 times volume of the base, wherein the base is potassium hydroxide, the mass of the base is 10% of that of the crude oil, the saponification reaction temperature is 65 ℃, and the saponification reaction time is 2 hours.

Preferably, in step d), the crystallization process is; adding acetone with the volume of 1-3 times of that of the mixture, and stirring and crystallizing for 2-8 hours; more preferably, 2 volumes of acetone are added and crystallization is stirred for 4 hours.

Preferably, in the step a), the oil pressing process is as follows: performing damp-heat treatment on the Acer truncatum bunge kernels, adjusting the water content to 8-10%, squeezing by using a shaft-cooled spiral cold squeezer, wherein the squeezing temperature is not higher than 65 ℃, the cake residual oil is not higher than 12%, and squeezing to obtain crude oil.

Preferably, step a) pulverizes the oil residue to 10-20 mesh, and adds 10 times of 1% sodium hydroxide solution to extract 1 time at 90 deg.C, each time for 1 hour.

Preferably, in the step b), the adsorbent is activated clay, and the dosage of the adsorbent is 4-8 times of the weight of the crude oil; more preferably, the adsorbent is activated clay, and the dosage of the activated clay is 5 times of the weight of the crude oil.

Preferably, in step c), the ratio of urea: mixed fatty acid salt: 95% ethanol at a w/w/v ratio of 1-2: 1: 5-15. More preferably, the ratio of urea: mixed fatty acid salt: 95% ethanol in a w/w/v ratio of 1.5: 1: 10.

the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

1) according to the extraction method for simultaneously extracting the protein and the nervonic acid from the acer truncatum bunge kernel, the protein purity after alkali extraction and acid precipitation is higher, the protein extraction rate is more than 80%, and the purity is as high as more than 92%; can be widely applied to food additives, and promotes the comprehensive utilization of acer truncatum seed meal. The invention adopts the processes of adsorption, saponification, urea coating, extraction, crystallization and the like to improve the nervonic acid content to more than 90 percent, and has the advantages of simple operation, low production cost, capability of simultaneously extracting a plurality of components, comprehensive utilization, cost reduction and production benefit improvement.

2) The invention adopts the activated clay as the adsorbent, and has the advantages of great decolorizing capacity, strong adsorption capacity, high decolorizing rate, low oil carrying rate, high filtering speed and less addition amount; can effectively remove the total phospholipid, soap and trace metal ions of the grease; the acid value of the decolored oil product is not increased, the decolored oil product is not discolored, is clear and transparent, and has stable quality and long shelf life.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the present invention;

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a detailed description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.