阅读说明：本技术 一种单元模块组合式定子轴向磁场有齿轮毂电机 (Unit module combined stator axial magnetic field geared hub motor ) 是由 眭华兴 于 2020-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种单元模块组合式定子轴向磁场有齿轮毂电机,包括主轴、轮毂、端盖、电机和行星齿轮减速机构,电机为单气隙定轴结构的轴向磁场电机,包括一转子组件和一定子组件,转子组件中的转子盘通过包含有角接触轴承的具有轴向并列的滚动体的轴承单元与主轴滚动连接,定子组件中包括多个绕设有线圈的单元定子和一个定子托盘,单元定子为不同宽度的“工”字形硅钢片沿径向方向叠合并连接为一整体,单元定子通过固定销连接在定子托盘上组成单元模块组合式定子结构,定子托盘与主轴固定连接。本发明电机成本低、效率高、高效率区间宽,能大幅提高电动自行车的续行里程。(The invention discloses a unit module combined stator axial magnetic field motor with a gear hub, which comprises a main shaft, a hub, an end cover, a motor and a planetary gear reduction mechanism, wherein the motor is an axial magnetic field motor with a single air gap fixed shaft structure and comprises a rotor assembly and a stator assembly, a rotor disc in the rotor assembly is in rolling connection with the main shaft through a bearing unit which comprises an angular contact bearing and is provided with axially parallel rolling bodies, the stator assembly comprises a plurality of unit stators wound with coils and a stator tray, the unit stators are I-shaped silicon steel sheets with different widths, are overlapped in the radial direction and connected into a whole, the unit stators are connected onto the stator tray through fixing pins to form a unit module combined stator structure, and the stator tray is fixedly connected with the main shaft. The motor has low cost, high efficiency and wide high-efficiency interval, and can greatly improve the continuous mileage of the electric bicycle.)

1. The utility model provides a unit module combination formula stator axial magnetic field has geared hub motor, includes main shaft, wheel hub, end cover, motor and planetary gear reduction gears, the motor passes through drive after planetary gear reduction gears slows down wheel hub rotates characterized by: the motor is an axial magnetic field motor with a single air gap fixed shaft structure, and comprises a rotor assembly and a stator assembly, wherein the rotor assembly comprises a rotor disc and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor disc, and the rotor disc is rotationally connected with the main shaft through a bearing unit which comprises an angular contact bearing and is provided with axially parallel rolling bodies; stator module includes a plurality of unit stators, a plurality of coil and a stator tray, stator tray fixed connection be in on the main shaft, the unit stator is "worker" font silicon steel sheet of different width along radial direction coincide and be connected as a whole, the coil is concentrated winding form duplex winding and establishes on the unit stator, the unit stator is arranged with one heart and is connected through the fixed pin constitute unit module combination formula stator on the stator tray.

2. The unit module combined stator axial magnetic field geared hub motor of claim 1, wherein the axial length of the unit stator yoke lamination is longer than the axial length of the lamination on the magnetic pole face side, and a gap is left between the circumferential lamination surfaces of adjacent unit stator yokes so as to have a second air gap.

3. The unit-module combined stator axial magnetic field geared hub motor according to claim 1, wherein the unit stator is formed into an integral structure by a lamination welding process or a bonding process, and a welding surface or a bonding surface thereof includes at least an end surface of a yoke portion thereof.

4. The unit module combined stator axial magnetic field toothed hub motor according to claim 1, wherein the fixing pin is a dovetail pin integrated with the unit stator, the fixing pin is provided with a first dovetail groove on the stator tray, and the fixing pin is inserted into the first dovetail groove, thereby realizing the fixed connection of the unit stator and the stator tray.

5. The unit module combined stator axial magnetic field toothed hub motor according to claim 1, wherein the fixing pin is dovetail-shaped on both sides or dovetail-shaped on one side and T-shaped on the other side, the unit stator yoke is provided with a second dovetail groove matched with the fixing pin, a first dovetail groove or T-shaped groove is arranged on the stator tray corresponding to the second dovetail groove, and the fixing pin is inserted into the second dovetail groove and the first dovetail groove or T-shaped groove, thereby realizing the fixed connection of the unit stator and the stator tray.

6. The unit module combined stator axial magnetic field toothed hub motor according to claim 1, wherein the fixing pin is cylindrical, the yoke portion of the unit stator is provided with a first mounting hole engaged with the fixing pin, the stator tray is provided with an outer ring and an axial cylinder, an annular groove for sleeving the unit stator is formed on the stator tray by the outer ring and the axial cylinder, a second mounting hole and a third mounting hole are formed on the outer ring and the axial cylinder corresponding to the first mounting hole, and the fixing pin is inserted from the second mounting hole, the first mounting hole and the third mounting hole, thereby realizing the fixed connection of the unit stator and the stator tray.

7. The unit-module combined stator axial magnetic field toothed hub motor according to claim 1, wherein the bearing unit is a double-row angular contact ball bearing, or a series combination of a deep groove ball bearing and a single-row angular contact ball bearing, or a series combination of two single-row angular contact ball bearings.

8. The unit module combined stator axial magnetic field geared hub motor of claim 7, wherein the bearing unit is a series combination of a deep groove ball bearing and a single row angular contact ball bearing, the single row angular contact ball bearing is located on one side of the unit stator, and the outer ring diameter of the single row angular contact ball bearing is larger than that of the deep groove ball bearing, or the deep groove ball bearing and the single row angular contact ball bearing have the same outer ring diameter and a gasket is arranged between the outer rings of the two bearings.

9. The unit-module combined stator axial magnetic field toothed hub motor according to claim 7, wherein the bearing unit is a series combination of two single-row angular contact ball bearings, the two single-row angular contact ball bearings are arranged in the same direction, an elastic washer is arranged between inner rings of the two bearings, and a magnetic pulling force applied to the rotor disc is shared by the two single-row angular contact ball bearings through the elastic washer.

10. The unit-module combined stator axial magnetic field geared hub motor of claim 1, wherein a ventilation opening is provided in the rotor disk and/or the stator tray, and cool air is introduced into the motor interior from the ventilation opening by an air pressure difference generated by rotation of the rotor disk, and hot air is discharged out of the motor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hub motors of electric bicycles, in particular to a hub motor with a gear in an axial magnetic field.

Background

The existing electric bicycle motors mainly comprise two types, one type is a middle motor arranged at the middle shaft part of the bicycle, and the other type is a hub motor integrated with a hub, wherein the hub motor is divided into a low-speed hub motor and a geared hub motor with a planetary gear speed reducing mechanism. Because the electric bicycle with the low-speed hub motor has hysteresis resistance, the riding function of the bicycle is seriously weakened, the hub motor with the gear is provided with a driving motor, a planetary gear reduction mechanism and a one-way clutch in the inner space of a hub and an end cover, and the electric bicycle is more suitable for light electric bicycles with good riding function and sliding capability, such as Chinese patents CN03127256.8 and CN201510104597.9 of an outer rotor motor with a through shaft structure, and U.S. patent US20050176542A1 of an inner rotor motor with a half shaft structure. The driving motors of the two hub motors are direct-current permanent magnet motors with radial magnetic fields, the high-efficiency interval is deviated to the high-power section, the driving motors usually run in the low-efficiency interval when the vehicle normally runs, and the running mileage is short.

The driving motor of the electric bicycle requires frequent starting/stopping, accelerating/decelerating, requires high torque during low speed or climbing, requires low torque during normal flat driving, has a large speed change range, and can keep stable performance during driving under various different road conditions. For example, the disc type coreless direct current motor disclosed in ZL 201620995774.7 has a double-rotor structure, and the axial magnetic field motor with the coreless structure consumes more rare earth permanent magnets, which is obviously insufficient in economy.

The axial magnetic field motor with the iron core has small magnetic leakage, high electromagnetic density and wide high-efficiency interval, the electrical performance of the axial magnetic field motor is embodied on the hub motor and has obvious advantages, general technicians can avoid the axial magnetic field motor with a single air gap structure and an overturning moment simultaneously due to the existence of axial magnetic pulling force, so that the axial magnetic field motor in the prior art is of a double-air-gap structure, stator assemblies are connected with a shell, an axial magnetic field motor technology with the iron core, which has a fixed shaft structure, can be installed in a hub space and meets the through shaft requirement of the hub motor, is realized, the continuous mileage of an electric bicycle is greatly improved, and the optimal technical path of technology crossing progress in the field is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a unit module combined stator axial magnetic field geared hub motor, which is used for applying an axial magnetic field motor with high efficiency and wide high-efficiency interval to the field of electric bicycles with low cost under the existing production technical conditions and meeting the requirement of people on the increase of the driving mileage.

The technical idea is as follows: the driving motor is an axial magnetic field motor with a single air gap structure and an iron core, and is in a fixed-shaft structure type, so that the space occupation inside the wheel hub is reduced; the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism is adopted for reducing speed, so that the axial magnetic field motor has the characteristics of high speed and low torque, the using amount of permanent magnets is greatly reduced, the magnetic pulling force is greatly reduced, and the cost of the motor is greatly reduced; the motor rotor overcomes axial magnetic pull force and overturning force of the rotor disc through a bearing unit which comprises an angular contact bearing and is provided with axially parallel rolling bodies; the unit stator of the independent module is adopted, the existing production conditions of high-efficiency punching and coiling equipment and winding equipment are overcome, the stator core is manufactured by utilizing a mature high-speed continuous die punching process and a laser welding process, and meanwhile, the automation of coil winding is realized.

Therefore, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention discloses a unit module combined stator axial magnetic field hub motor with a gear, which comprises a main shaft, a hub, an end cover, a motor and a planetary gear speed reducing mechanism, wherein the motor drives the hub to rotate after being reduced by the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism; the motor is an axial magnetic field motor with a single air gap fixed shaft structure, and comprises a rotor assembly and a stator assembly, wherein the rotor assembly comprises a rotor disc and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor disc, and the rotor disc is rotationally connected with the main shaft through a bearing unit which comprises an angular contact bearing and is provided with axially parallel rolling bodies; stator module includes a plurality of unit stators, a plurality of coil and a stator tray, stator tray fixed connection be in on the main shaft, the unit stator is "worker" font silicon steel sheet of different width along radial direction coincide and be connected as a whole, the coil is concentrated winding form duplex winding and establishes on the unit stator, the unit stator is arranged with one heart and is connected through the fixed pin constitute unit module combination formula stator on the stator tray.

Preferably, the unit stator and the coil are insulated and blocked by an insulated coil framework or an insulated coating layer.

Preferably, the axial length of the unit stator yoke lamination is greater than that of the lamination on the side of the magnetic pole face, and a gap is left between the circumferential lamination faces of the adjacent unit stator yokes so as to have a second air gap.

Preferably, the unit stator is formed into a unitary structure through a lamination welding process or a bonding process, and the welding surface or the bonding surface thereof includes at least an end surface of the yoke portion thereof.

Preferably, the fixing pin is the yoke part of the unit stator and a dovetail pin integrated with the unit stator, the fixing pin is matched with the stator tray and provided with a first dovetail groove, and the fixing pin is inserted into the first dovetail groove, so that the unit stator is fixedly connected with the stator tray.

Preferably, the fixing pin is in a dovetail shape at two sides or in a dovetail shape at one side and in a T shape at the other side, the yoke part of the unit stator is provided with a second dovetail groove matched with the fixing pin, a first dovetail groove or a T-shaped groove is arranged on the stator tray corresponding to the second dovetail groove, and the fixing pin is inserted into the second dovetail groove and the first dovetail groove or the T-shaped groove, so that the fixed connection of the unit stator and the stator tray is realized.

Preferably, the fixing pin is cylindrical, a first mounting hole matched with the fixing pin is formed in a yoke portion of the unit stator, the stator tray is provided with an outer ring and an axial cylinder, an annular groove for sleeving the unit stator is formed in the stator tray by the outer ring and the axial cylinder, a second mounting hole and a third mounting hole are formed in the outer ring and the axial cylinder corresponding to the first mounting hole, and the fixing pin is inserted into the second mounting hole, the first mounting hole and the third mounting hole, so that the unit stator is fixedly connected with the stator tray.

Preferably, the axial magnetic field hub motor with a single air gap structure has a structure in which the magnetic pulling force and the overturning force borne by the rotor disc are supported by the bearing unit, and the bearing unit is a double-row angular contact ball bearing, or a series combination of a deep groove ball bearing and a single-row angular contact ball bearing, or a series combination of two single-row angular contact ball bearings.

Preferably, the bearing unit is a series combination of a deep groove ball bearing and a single-row angular contact ball bearing, the single-row angular contact ball bearing is positioned on one side of the unit stator, the diameter of the outer ring of the single-row angular contact ball bearing is larger than that of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing, or the diameters of the outer rings of the deep groove ball bearing and the single-row angular contact ball bearing are the same, and a gasket is arranged between the outer rings of the two bearings.

Preferably, in the series combination of two single-row angular contact ball bearings, the two single-row angular contact ball bearings are arranged in the same direction, an elastic washer is arranged between inner rings of the two bearings, and the magnetic pulling force applied to the rotor disc is shared by the two single-row angular contact ball bearings through the elastic washer.

Preferably, the rotor disc and/or the stator tray are provided with a vent, and cold air is introduced into the motor through the vent by an air pressure difference generated by rotation of the rotor disc, and hot air is discharged out of the motor.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the axial magnetic field motor, particularly the axial magnetic field motor with a single air gap structure, is applied to the hub motor of the electric bicycle, the consumption of the permanent magnet is reduced by 20 percent compared with the traditional radial magnetic field motor, the consumption of silicon steel sheet materials is reduced by 40 percent, the high-efficiency interval is advanced, the width is greatly increased, the continuous mileage of the electric bicycle is greatly improved, and the low-cost batch production can be carried out under the existing preparation technical conditions.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit module combined stator axial magnetic field geared hub motor according to this embodiment;

fig. 2 is a 3D exploded view of the unit module combined stator axial magnetic field geared hub motor of the present embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection of a unit stator and a stator tray;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a stator structure of the unit of the present embodiment;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stator tray according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a bearing unit;

FIG. 7 is another schematic structural view of the bearing unit;

fig. 8 is another structural schematic view of the bearing unit.

Description of reference numerals: 1, a main shaft; 2, a hub; 3, end cover; 4 a rotor disk; 5 a permanent magnet; 6 rolling bodies; 7 unit stators; 8 coils; 9 a stator tray; 10, a coil framework; 11 a fixing pin; 12 a first air gap; 13 a second air gap; 14 a first dovetail groove; 15 a second dovetail groove; a 16 "T" shaped slot; 17 a first mounting hole; 18 outer ring turns; 19 an axial cylinder; 20, a ring groove; 21 a second mounting hole; 22 a third mounting hole; 23 double-row angular contact ball bearings; 24 deep groove ball bearings; 25 single-row angular contact ball bearings; 26 a gasket; 27 an elastomeric gasket; 28 air vents.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-8, the present embodiment provides a unit module combined stator axial magnetic field geared hub motor, including a main shaft 1, a hub 2, an end cover 3, a motor and a planetary gear reduction mechanism, where the motor drives the hub to rotate after being reduced by the planetary gear reduction mechanism; the motor is an axial magnetic field motor with a single air gap fixed shaft structure, and comprises a rotor assembly and a stator assembly, wherein the rotor assembly comprises a rotor 4 disc and a plurality of permanent magnets 5 arranged on the rotor disc 4, and the rotor disc 4 is rotationally connected with the main shaft 1 through a bearing unit which comprises an angular contact bearing and is provided with axially parallel rolling bodies 6; the stator component comprises a plurality of unit stators 7, a plurality of coils 8 and a stator tray 9, the stator tray 9 is fixedly connected on the main shaft 1, the unit stators 7 are I-shaped silicon steel sheets with different widths, are overlapped along the radial direction, form an integral structure through an overlapping welding process or a bonding process, the welding surface or the bonding surface at least comprises the end surface of the yoke part, as shown in fig. 4, the coil 8 is in a concentrated winding form and wound on the unit stator 7, the unit stator 7 and the coil 8 are insulated and isolated through an insulated coil framework 10 or an insulated coating layer, the unit stator 7 is concentrically arranged and connected on a stator tray 9 through a fixing pin 11 to form a unit module combined stator, the axial length of the lamination of the yoke part of the unit stator 7 is greater than that of the lamination on one side of the magnetic pole surface, and a gap is reserved between the circumferential overlapping surfaces of the yoke parts of the adjacent unit stators 7, so that a second air gap 13 is formed.

According to the invention, the space in the hub is utilized compactly and reasonably, the hub motor has a stable structure with the characteristic of a through shaft, and the disc type rotor disc 4 has a special pumping effect, so that circulating airflow can be generated in the space of the hub, and the cooling of the motor is facilitated.

The axial magnetic field motor needs to overcome the axial magnetic pulling force between the rotor assembly and the stator assembly, and also needs to overcome the overturning force generated by the axial magnetic pulling force because the axial magnetic pulling force is not theoretically uniform in the circumferential direction. The hub motor has small rated power, and because the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism is used for reducing speed, the axial magnetic field motor has the characteristics of high speed and low torque, the magnetic pulling force of a single air gap structure is limited and controllable, and the technical scheme that the rotor disc 4 is rotationally connected to the main shaft 1 by the bearing unit of the angular contact ball bearing and the two parallel rolling bodies 6 is proved by experiments on the effectiveness and the stability of the hub motor; the unit stators 7 are coaxially and circumferentially arranged to form a ring-shaped magnetic pole plane consisting of a plurality of unit stator magnetic poles, the ring-shaped magnetic pole plane corresponds to the magnetic pole surfaces of the permanent magnets 5, the permanent magnet magnetic flux of the ring-shaped magnetic pole plane passes through the N pole of the permanent magnet 5, the first air gap 12, the unit stator 7, the second air gap 13, the adjacent unit stator 7, the first air gap 12 and the S pole of the adjacent permanent magnet 5 to form a closed magnetic loop, and the yoke part of the unit stator 7 is provided with the second air gap 13 so as to avoid the contact of the adjacent unit stators 7 and eliminate the eddy current loss of the combined stator at the position caused by the conduction between the sheets.

The skilled person should adopt an appropriate structural form to ensure the reliability of the installation and combination of the unit module combined stator according to the magnitude of the magnetic pulling force and the electromagnetic torque of the axial magnetic field motor, and the structural forms and the connection manners of the unit stator 7 and the stator tray 9 may be selected according to the following three embodiments of the present embodiment, but not limited to the three embodiments.