阅读说明：本技术 具有间隔开的向上凸形刃带部的切削刀片以及设有该切削刀片的非旋转式切削工具 (Cutting insert with spaced apart upwardly convex land portions and non-rotating cutting tool provided with same ) 是由 谢尔盖·奇斯佳科夫 奥塔尔·阿尔珀索姆 于 2019-01-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种切削刀片(20)具有形成在前刀面(42)、切削部前表面(40)和后刀面(44)的相交拐角处的切削部(38)。切削刃(52)形成在前刀面(42)和后刀面(44)的相交处,其具有位于前刀面(42)上并且沿着且负向地远离切削刃(52)延伸的刃带(66)。切屑控制布置(72)位于前刀面(42)处并且包括细长的突出部(74)和从突出部(74)延伸到切削刃(52)的多个间隔开的细长的隆起部(84),使得刃带(66)具有多个间隔开的凸形刃带部(86)。一种非旋转式切削工具(96)具有刀片支架(36),其包括刀片槽(34)和被可释放地保持在其中的切削刀片(20)。(A cutting insert (20) has a cutting portion (38) formed at an intersection corner of a rake face (42), a cutting portion rake surface (40), and a relief face (44). A cutting edge (52) is formed at the intersection of the rake surface (42) and the relief surface (44), having a land (66) located on the rake surface (42) and extending along and negatively away from the cutting edge (52). A chip control arrangement (72) is located at the rake surface (42) and includes an elongated protrusion (74) and a plurality of spaced apart elongated ridges (84) extending from the protrusion (74) to the cutting edge (52) such that the land (66) has a plurality of spaced apart convex land portions (86). A non-rotating cutting tool (96) has an insert holder (36) including an insert pocket (34) and a cutting insert (20) releasably retained therein.)

1. A cutting insert (20), comprising:

a cutting portion (38) having a cutting portion major axis (A) defining an opposite forward direction (D) and a cutting portion transverse axis (F)_F) And a backward direction (D)_R) A cutting portion transverse axis oriented perpendicular to the cutting portion main axis (A) and defining a feed direction (D) in a top view of the cutting portion (38), the cutting portion (38) comprising:

a cutting portion corner (46) formed at the intersection of an upwardly facing rake surface (42), a forwardly facing cutting portion rake surface (40), and a relief surface (44) facing in the feed direction (D);

a cutting edge (52) formed at the intersection of the rake surface (42) and the relief surface (44);

a land (66) on the rake surface (42) and extending along the cutting edge (52) and negatively away from the cutting edge (52); and

a chip control arrangement (72) at the rake surface (42) comprising:

an elongated protrusion (74) protruding from the rake surface (42), spaced from the land (66), and extending in a direction from a rear toward a front of the cutting portion (38); and

a plurality of elongated ridges (84) projecting from the rake surface (42) and spaced apart from each other and from the cutting portion front surface (40), each of the ridges (84) extending from the protrusion (74) to the cutting edge (52) such that the land (66) includes a plurality of spaced apart, upwardly convex land portions (86).

2. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 1, wherein:

each adjacent pair of the male land portions (86) being spaced apart by a non-male land portion (88);

at each of the convex land portions (86), a land inclination angle (θ) at the cutting edge (52) forms a convex land inclination angle θ 1;

at each of the non-convex land portions (88), a land rake angle (θ) at the cutting edge (52) forms a non-convex land rake angle θ 2;

the male land inclination angle theta 1 at any given male land portion (86) is greater than the non-male land inclination angle theta 2 at the adjacent non-male land portion (88).

3. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 2, wherein the convex land inclination angle θ 1 at any given convex land portion (86) is no more than 5 ° greater than the non-convex land inclination angle θ 2 at the adjacent non-convex land portion (88).

4. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein:

the inclination angle theta 1 of the convex blade zone is within the range of more than or equal to 20 degrees and less than or equal to 40 degrees; and is

The inclination angle theta 2 of the non-convex blade zone is within the range of more than or equal to 5 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees.

5. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 2-4, wherein the convex land inclination angle θ 1 takes the form of an increase in value in a direction away from the cutting portion front surface (40).

6. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the cutting insert is perpendicular to the cutting portion transverse axis (F) and to a plurality ofA plurality of said ridges (84) taken in elevation away from said cutting portion front surface (40) in said rearward direction (D) in a cross-sectional view taken in a plane of infeed (FP) where said ridges (84) intersect_R) In the form of an upper increase.

7. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the protrusion (74) is spaced from the land (66) by a chip-forming flute (78) that undulates in the rearward Direction (DR) away from the cutting-portion front surface (40).

8. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the distance of the protrusion (74) from the cutting edge (52) increases with increasing distance from the cutting portion front surface (40).

9. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein a forwardmost portion (76a) of the protrusion (74) extends in a direction towards the cutting portion corner (46).

10. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein:

a rearmost portion (76b) of the projection (74) extends longitudinally along a projection longitudinal axis (C);

in a top view of the cutting portion (38), the protrusion longitudinal axis (C) forms a protrusion angle a with the cutting portion main axis (A); and is

The angle alpha of the protruding part is within the range of more than or equal to 5 degrees and less than or equal to 15 degrees.

11. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the protrusion (74) includes two protrusion side surfaces (74a) and a centrally disposed protrusion ridge surface (74b) extending therebetween in a width direction of the protrusion (74), the protrusion ridge surface (74b) being higher than the two protrusion side surfaces (74a) in cross section in the width direction.

12. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 11, wherein, in a top view of the cutting portion (38), the protrusion ridge surface (74b) is located between the cutting portion major axis (a) and the cutting edge (52).

13. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein, in a top view of the cutting portion (38), the protrusion ridge surface (74b) follows the protrusion ridge surface in the rearward direction (D)_R) Upper, the protrusion ridge surface (74b) transitioning from being closer to the cutting edge (52) than to the cutting portion major axis (A) to being closer to the cutting portion major axis (A) than to the cutting edge (52).

14. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein:

said protrusion ridge surface (74b) comprising a plurality of protrusion peak portions (80) and a plurality of protrusion valley portions (82), each pair of adjacent protrusion peak portions (80) being spaced apart by a respective protrusion valley portion (82), and each protrusion peak portion (80) being higher than an adjacent protrusion valley portion (82); and is

Each of the ridges (84) extends from a respective one of the projection peak portions (80).

15. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 14, wherein a plurality of the protrusion crest portions (80) take heights in the rearward direction (D)_R) In a form that increases away from the cutting portion front surface (40).

16. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 14 or 15, wherein, when in the upward direction (D), the cutting insert is formed from a metal sheet_U) A plurality of said projection crest portions (80) are located above said cutting edge (52) when measured upwardly.

17. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-16, wherein:

each said ridge (84) extending along a ridge longitudinal axis (PA);

in a top view of the cutting portion (38), each ridge longitudinal axis (PA) forms a ridge angle β with the cutting portion transverse axis (F); and is

The angle beta of the bulge part is within the range of between 0 and 30 degrees.

18. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 17, wherein the ridge longitudinal axes (PA) are parallel to each other in a top view of the cutting portion (38).

19. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 17 or 18, wherein a central portion of the protuberance (84) has a concave profile in a cross-sectional view taken in a protuberance axial plane (P1) containing one protuberance longitudinal axis (PA) and intersecting the rake face (42) and the relief face (44).

20. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 17-19, wherein, in a cross-sectional view taken in a ridge radial plane (P2) perpendicular to one of the ridge longitudinal axes (PA) and intersecting the ridge (84), a central portion of the ridge (84) has a convex profile.

21. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-20, wherein, in a side view of the cutting portion (38), the cutting edge (52) has an undulating profile formed by a plurality of cutting edge crests (54) and at least one cutting edge valley (56), each cutting edge crest (54) being formed at a respective one of the convex land portions (86).

22. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-21, wherein the land (66) comprises a convexly curved land portion (68) extending in a direction of the cutting edge (52) and convexly curved in a direction away from the cutting edge (52).

23. The cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-22, wherein:

the cutting portion transverse axis (F) defines a second feed direction (D) opposite to the feed direction (D)₂) The cutting portion (38) further comprising:

a second cutting portion corner (50) formed on the rake surface (42), the cutting portion front surface (40) and facing the second feed direction (D)₂) The second flank face (48);

a second cutting edge (58) formed at the intersection of the rake surface (42) and the second relief surface (48);

a second land (70) on the rake surface (42) and extending along the second cutting edge (58) and negatively away from the second cutting edge (58),

wherein the chip-control arrangement (72) further comprises:

an elongated second protrusion (90) protruding from the rake surface (42), spaced from the second margin (70), and extending in a direction toward a front of the cutting portion (38); and

a plurality of elongated second ridges (92) projecting from the rake surface (42) and spaced apart from each other and from the cutting portion front surface (40), each of the second ridges (92) extending from the second projection (90) to the second cutting edge (58) such that the second land (70) includes a plurality of spaced apart second convex land portions (94).

24. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 23, wherein:

the cutting portion (38) further comprising a front cutting edge (60) formed at the intersection of the rake surface (42) and the cutting portion front surface (40); and is

In a top view of the cutting portion (38), the front cutting edge (60) has a front cutting edge length (L) which also defines a maximum width dimension of the cutting insert (20) in a direction perpendicular to the cutting portion major axis (a).

25. The cutting insert (20) according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the chip-control arrangement (72) has mirror symmetry with respect to a symmetry plane (S) containing the cutting-portion main axis (a) and a cutting-portion vertical axis (V) perpendicular to the cutting-portion main axis (a) and extending between the flank face (44) and the second flank face (48).

26. A non-rotating cutting tool (96), comprising:

the cutting insert (20) according to any one of claims 1-25; and

a blade holder (36) including a blade slot (34),

wherein the cutting insert (20) is releasably retained in the insert pocket (34).

Technical Field

The subject matter of the present application relates to a chip control arrangement for a cutting insert. Such an arrangement may be formed on a cutting insert that is particularly configured for turning operations.

Background

The cutting insert may be provided with a chip control arrangement for controlling the flow and/or shape and size of chips and chips produced by a metalworking operation.

Such chip control arrangements typically include recesses and/or projections disposed adjacent the cutting edge of the insert. Upon impact with the recess and/or projection, the swarf may form a specific shape from which it may then be discharged.

Various chip control arrangements for grooving cutting operations are disclosed in US7,665,933, US9,168,588, US9,579,727 and EP 0781181.

Disclosure of Invention

According to a first aspect of the subject matter of the present application, there is provided a cutting insert comprising:

a cutting portion having a cutting portion major axis defining opposing forward and rearward directions and a cutting portion transverse axis oriented perpendicular to the cutting portion major axis in a top view of the cutting portion and defining a feed direction, the cutting portion comprising:

a cutting portion corner formed at an intersection of an upwardly facing rake surface, a forwardly facing cutting portion rake surface, and a flank surface facing in a feed direction;

a cutting edge formed at an intersection of the rake face and the flank face;

a land on the rake surface and extending along and negatively away from the cutting edge; and

a chip control arrangement at a rake surface comprising:

an elongated protrusion protruding from the rake surface, spaced from the land, and extending in a direction from a rear toward a front of the cutting portion; and

a plurality of elongated ridges projecting from the rake surface and spaced apart from each other and from the cutting portion front surface, each ridge extending from a protrusion to a cutting edge such that the land comprises a plurality of spaced apart, upwardly convex land portions.

According to a second aspect of the subject matter of the present application, there is provided a non-rotating cutting tool comprising:

the cutting insert described above; and

a blade holder comprising a blade slot,

wherein the cutting insert is releasably retained in the insert pocket.

It should be understood that the foregoing is a summary and that the features described below may be applied to the subject matter of the present application in any combination, e.g., any of the following features may be applied to the cutting insert and/or cutting tool:

each pair of adjacent convex land portions may be spaced apart by a non-convex land portion. At each convex land portion, the land rake angle at the cutting edge forms a convex land rake angle. At each non-convex land portion, the land rake angle at the cutting edge forms a non-convex land rake angle. The convex land inclination angle at any given convex land portion may be greater than the non-convex land inclination angle at an adjacent non-convex land portion.

The male land rake angle at any given male land portion is no more than 5 ° greater than the non-male land rake angle at an adjacent non-male land portion.

The convex land inclination angle may take the form of a numerical increase in a direction away from the cutting portion front face.

The convex land inclination angle may be greater than or equal to 20 ° and less than or equal to 40 °.

The non-convex land inclination angle may be greater than or equal to 5 ° and less than or equal to 30 °.

The plurality of ridges may be different.

In a infeed plane perpendicular to the cutting portion transverse axis and intersecting the plurality of protuberances, the plurality of protuberances may take the form of a height that increases in a rearward direction away from the cutting portion front surface.

The protrusion may be spaced from the land by a chip forming flute that undulates in a rearward direction away from the front surface of the cutting portion.

The distance of the protrusion from the cutting edge may increase with increasing distance from the front surface of the cutting portion.

The forwardmost portion of the protrusion may extend in a direction towards the corner of the cutting portion.

The rearmost portion of the protrusion may extend longitudinally along the protrusion longitudinal axis. In a top view of the cutting portion, the protrusion longitudinal axis forms a protrusion angle with the cutting portion main axis. The lobe angle may be greater than or equal to 5 ° and less than or equal to 15 °.

The protrusion may include two protrusion side surfaces and a protrusion ridge surface provided at the center extending therebetween in the width direction of the protrusion, the protrusion ridge surface being higher than the two protrusion side surfaces in a cross section in the width direction.

In a top view of the cutting portion, the protrusion ridge surface may be located between the cutting portion major axis and the cutting edge.

In a top view of the cutting portion, the protrusion ridge surface transitions from being closer to the cutting edge than to the cutting portion major axis to being closer to the cutting portion major axis than to the cutting edge as the protrusion ridge surface extends in a rearward direction.

The protrusion ridge surface may comprise a plurality of protrusion peak portions and at least one protrusion valley portion, each pair of adjacent protrusion peak portions being spaced apart by a respective protrusion valley portion, and each protrusion peak portion being higher than an adjacent protrusion valley portion. Each ridge may extend from a respective one of the projection peak portions.

The plurality of projection peak portions may take the form of a height that increases in a rearward direction away from the front surface of the cutting portion.

The plurality of projection peak portions may be located above the cutting edge as measured in an upward direction.

Each protuberance may extend along a protuberance longitudinal axis. In a top view of the cutting portion, each protuberance longitudinal axis forms a protuberance angle with the cutting portion transverse axis. The bump angle may be greater than or equal to 0 ° and less than or equal to 30 °.

The protuberance longitudinal axes may be parallel to each other in a top view of the cutting portion.

In a cross-sectional view taken in a ridge axial plane containing a ridge longitudinal axis and intersecting the rake face and the relief face, a central portion of the ridge may have a concave profile.

In a cross-sectional view taken in a bulge radial plane perpendicular to one bulge longitudinal axis and intersecting the bulge, a central portion of the bulge may have a convex profile.

The cutting edge may be straight in a top view of the cutting portion.

In a side view of the cutting portion, the cutting edge may be non-straight.

In a side view of the cutting portion, the cutting edge may have an undulating profile formed by a plurality of cutting edge crests and at least one cutting edge valley, each of the cutting edge crests being formed at a corresponding one of the convex land portions.

The land may comprise a convexly curved land portion extending in a direction of the cutting edge and convexly curved in a direction away from the cutting edge.

The convexly curved land portion may be spaced apart from the cutting edge.

The convex curved land portion may be defined by a convex curved land radius that varies along the cutting edge.

The cutting portion transverse axis may define a second feed direction opposite the feed direction, the cutting portion may further include:

a second cutting portion corner formed at an intersection of the rake surface, the cutting portion rake surface, and a second flank surface facing in a second feed direction;

a second cutting edge formed at an intersection of the rake face and the second relief face;

a second land on the rake surface and extending along and negatively away from the second cutting edge,

wherein the chip control arrangement may further comprise:

an elongated second protrusion protruding from the rake surface, spaced apart from the second land, and extending in a direction toward the front of the cutting portion; and

a plurality of elongated second ridges projecting from the rake surface and spaced apart from each other and from the cutting portion front surface, each second ridge extending from a second projection to a second cutting edge such that the second land comprises a plurality of spaced apart second convex land portions.

The cutting portion may further comprise a front cutting edge formed at the intersection of the rake surface and the cutting portion front surface, wherein in a top view of the cutting portion, the front cutting edge has a front cutting edge length that also defines a maximum width dimension of the cutting insert in a direction perpendicular to the cutting portion main axis.

The chip control arrangement may have mirror symmetry with respect to a symmetry plane containing the cutting portion major axis and a cutting portion vertical axis perpendicular to the cutting portion major axis and extending between the flank face and the second flank face.

Drawings

For a better understanding of the present application and to show how the same may be carried into effect in practice, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a perspective view of a cutting insert according to a first embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a detail of FIG. 1 showing the cutting portion;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the cutting portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 3a is a detail of FIG. 3;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the cutting portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of the cutting portion of FIG. 1 showing the undulating chip forming flute and an imaginary out-pushing land surface;

FIG. 6a is a top view of the cutting portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6b is a view similar to that shown in FIG. 6a, indicating a cut line;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a superimposed partial section taken along the lines VII-VII and VII '-VII' of FIG. 6 b;

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG. 6 b;

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX of FIG. 6 b;

FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line X-X of FIG. 6 b;

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI of FIG. 6 b;

FIG. 12 is a top view of a cutting portion according to a second embodiment of the present application; and is

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a cutting tool according to the present application.

Where considered appropriate, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements.

Detailed Description

In the following description, various aspects of the subject matter of the present application will be described. For purposes of explanation, specific configurations and details are set forth in sufficient detail to provide a thorough understanding of the subject matter of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the subject matter of the present application may be practiced without the specific configurations and details presented herein.

Attention is first drawn to fig. 1, which shows a cutting insert 20 according to a first embodiment of the present application. The cutting insert 20 may be generally made of cemented carbide and may be coated with a wear resistant material. In this non-limiting example shown in the drawings, the cutting insert 20 includes opposing insert front and rear surfaces 22, 24 and an insert peripheral surface 26 extending between the insert front and rear surfaces 22, 24. The insert peripheral surface 26 extends about the insert central axis I. The insert central axis I may be a longitudinal axis such that the cutting insert 20 is elongated. The insert central axis I intersects the insert front surface 22 and the insert rear surface 24. The insert peripheral surface 26 includes opposing insert top and bottom surfaces 28, 30 connecting the insert front and rear surfaces 22, 24. The insert peripheral surface 26 further includes opposing two insert side surfaces, a first insert side surface 32A and a second insert side surface 32B, connecting the insert front surface 22 and the insert rear surface 24 and the insert top surface 28 and the insert bottom surface 30. It should also be noted that in this non-limiting example, the cutting insert 20 is configured to be resiliently clamped in the insert pocket 34 of the insert holder 36 (fig. 13), and is thus formed without a clamping hole for receiving a clamping member (e.g., a set screw) therethrough.

Referring to fig. 2, the cutting insert 20 includes a cutting portion 38 for providing metal removal capability to the cutting insert 20. In this non-limiting example shown in the drawings, the cutting insert 20 has only one cutting portion 38 located at one end of the cutting insert 20. However, it should be understood that there may be two cutting portions 38 (e.g., at each end when the cutting insert 20 is double-ended) or more cutting portions 38, such as disclosed in US8,939,684B2.

Referring to fig. 2, 3, 4 and 6a, the cutting portion 38 has three mutually perpendicular axes, namely a cutting portion major axis a, a cutting portion vertical axis V and a cutting portion transverse axis F. The cutting portion major axis A defines a forward direction D_FAnd a backward direction D_R. In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the cutting portion major axis a may be parallel to and aligned with the insert central axis I in a top view of the cutting portion 38 viewed along the cutting portion vertical axis V. However, as shown in a side view of the cutting portion 38 viewed along the cutting portion transverse axis F (i.e., fig. 3), the cutting portion major axis a and the insert central axis I may extend transverse to one another. The cutting portion vertical axis V defines an upward direction D_UAnd a downward direction D_D. The cutting portion transverse axis F defines at least a feed direction D. According to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the cutting portion transverse axis F may also define a second feed direction D opposite to the feed direction D₂. The cutting portion 38 has a plane of symmetry S containing a cutting portion major axis a and a cutting portion vertical axis V.

It should be understood that throughout the description and claims, the use of the words "forward" and "rearward" means towards the left (D) in fig. 3 and 6a, respectively, in the direction of the main axis a of the cutting portion_F) And towards the right (D)_R) The relative position of (a). Also, it should be understood that the use of the words "upwardly" and "downwardly" throughout the specification and claims refers to relative positions in fig. 3 and 4 that are respectively upwardly and downwardly in a direction parallel to the cutting portion vertical axis V. Finally, it should be understood that the use of the words "feed direction" and "second feed direction" throughout the description and claims refers to the relative positions towards the left and towards the right, respectively, in fig. 4 in a direction parallel to the transverse axis F of the cutting portion.

The cutting portion 38 includes a cutting portion front surface 40 formed on the insert front surface 22. The cutting portion front surface 40 intersects the cutting portion main axis A and faces in a forward direction D_F。

The cutting portion 38 includes a rake surface 42 formed on the insert top surface 28. The rake face 42 intersects the cutting portion vertical axis V and faces in an upward direction D_U。

The cutting portion 38 also includes a relief surface 44 formed on the first insert side surface 32A. The flank surface 44 intersects the cutting portion transverse axis F and faces in the feed direction D. In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the cutting portion 38 can include a second relief surface 48 formed on the second side surface 32B. The second clearance surface 48 may intersect the cutting portion transverse axis F and face in the second feed direction D₂. A cutting portion vertical axis V extends between the flank surface 44 and the second flank surface 48. The symmetry plane S is thus located between the flank faces 44 and the second flank face 48.

A cutting portion corner 46 is formed at the intersection of the rake surface 42, the cutting portion rake surface 40 and the relief surface 44. In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, a second cutting portion corner 50 may be formed at the intersection of the rake surface 42, the cutting portion rake surface 40, and the second relief surface 48.

The cutting portion 38 includes a cutting edge 52 formed at the intersection of the rake surface 42 and the relief surface 44. Referring to fig. 6a, in a top view of the cutting portion 38, the cutting edge 52 may be straight, according to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application. Referring to fig. 3a, in a side view of the cutting portion 38, the cutting edge 52 may be non-straight. Preferably, in this view, the cutting edge 52 may have an undulating profile formed by a plurality of cutting edge crests 54 and at least one cutting edge valley 56 alternating with one another along the cutting edge 52.

Referring to fig. 6a, in accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the cutting portion 38 may further include a second cutting edge 58 formed at the intersection of the rake surface 42 and the second relief surface 48. The second cutting edge 58 may be straight, but not parallel to the cutting edge 52, in a top view of the cutting portion 38.

In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the cutting portion 38 may include a front cutting edge 60 formed at the intersection of the rake surface 42 and the cutting portion front surface 40. Thus, the front cutting edge 60 can function as a flank face. As shown in fig. 4 and 6a, the front cutting edge 60 has a front cutting edge length L measured in the direction of the cutting portion transverse axis F. In a top view of the cutting portion 38, the front cutting edge length L defines the width of the groove cut in the workpiece, and also determines the maximum width of the cutting portion 38. In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the forward cutting edge 60 may include two curved forward corner cutting edges 62 and a forward intermediate cutting edge 64 extending between the two forward corner cutting edges 62. A leading corner cutting edge 62 may be formed at the cutting portion corner 46 and the second cutting portion corner 50, respectively. The forward intermediate cutting edge 64 may be longer than each of the two forward corner cutting edges 62. The forward intermediate cutting edge 64 may be straight in a top view of the cutting portion 38. The front cutting edge 60 may be plane-symmetric with respect to an imaginary longitudinal plane containing the cutting portion major axis a and passing through the insert top surface 28 and the insert bottom surface 30. Thus, in a top view of the cutting portion 38 (i.e., in a view in front of the rake surface 42 as viewed along the cutting portion vertical axis V), the cutting portion major axis a may bisect the front cutting edge 60. The cutting edge 52 and the second cutting edge 58 may merge with the front cutting edge 60 at opposite ends thereof.

The rake surface 42 includes a land 66. The land 66 serves to strengthen the cutting edge 52. The land 66 abuts the cutting edge 52. The land 66 extends along the cutting edge 52. Referring to fig. 5, any point on the land 66 has a land inclination angle θ defined by a tangent line T that is perpendicular to the cutting edge 52 and in tangential contact with the land 66 in a top view of the cutting portion 38 and a rake plane P oriented perpendicular to the cutting portion vertical axis V. The land 66 extends negatively away from the cutting edge 52. That is, the land 66 is inclined upwardly from the cutting edge 52 such that the land inclination angle θ is greater than 0 °.

In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the rake surface 42 may include a leading land 69. The forward land 69 may abut the forward cutting edge 60. The leading land 69 may extend along and negatively away from the leading cutting edge 60. Referring to fig. 6a, the leading margin 69 has a variable leading margin width W. Preferably, the leading land width W at the leading intermediate cutting edge 64 may be greater than the leading land width W at the leading corner cutting edge 62.

In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the rake surface 42 may include a second land 70. The second land 70 may abut the second cutting edge 58. The second land 70 may extend along and negatively away from the second cutting edge 58.

The cutting portion 38 includes a chip control arrangement 72 at the rake surface 42. It should be understood that a cutting insert 20 according to the subject matter of the present application may include one or more cutting portions 38 having such a chip control arrangement 72 and one or more other cutting portions 38 that are devoid of any chip control arrangement or formed with a different chip control arrangement. The chip control arrangement 72 is used to control the flow and/or shape and size of chips and chips produced by metalworking operations.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6a, the chip-control arrangement 72 comprises an elongate protrusion 74. The projection 74 serves to bend the chips in the feed direction D. A projection 74 projects from the rake surface 42. The projections 74 are spaced from the lands 66. As shown in fig. 5, according to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the protrusion 74 may be spaced from the land 66 by a chip-forming groove 78, the chip-forming groove 78 being spaced in the rearward direction D away from the cutting-portion front surface 40_RWith an upper undulation (see also fig. 7).

The projection 74 extends in a direction from the rear of the cutting portion 38 toward the front of the cutting portion 38. According to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the projection 74 may include a frontmost portion 76a and a rearmost portion 76b that merge with each other. The rearmost portion 76b of the tab 74 may form a majority of the length of the tab 74 (e.g., greater than half the length of the tab 74).

The forwardmost portion 76a of the projection 74 may extend in a direction toward the cutter corner 46. The rearmost portion 76b of the projection 74 may extend in a different direction than the forwardmost portion 76a of the projection 74. The rearmost portion 76b of the projection 74 may extend in a direction toward the cutting portion front surface 40. The distance of the protrusion 74 from the cutting edge 52 may increase with increasing distance from the cutting portion front surface 40. The rearmost portion 76b of the projection 74 may extend longitudinally along the projection longitudinal axis C. In a top view of the cutting portion 38, the protrusion longitudinal axis C may form a protrusion angle α with the cutting portion major axis a. The protrusion angle alpha can be in the range of 5 DEG to alpha to 15 deg. The protrusion longitudinal axis C may intersect the forward cutting edge 60. Preferably, the protrusion longitudinal axis C may intersect the forward median cutting edge 64.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, according to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the protrusion 74 may include two protrusion side surfaces 74a and a central protrusion ridge surface 74b extending therebetween in the width direction of the protrusion 74. The protrusion ridge surface 74b may be higher than the two protrusion side surfaces 74a in a cross section in the width direction. The central protrusion ridge surface 74b at the rearmost portion 76b of the protrusion 74 may extend along a protrusion longitudinal axis C (as shown in the top view of the cutting portion 38, i.e., fig. 6 a). In the same view, the ridge surface 74b is in the rearward direction D with the projection_RUpwardly extending, the projection ridge surface 74b may transition from being closer to the cutting edge 52 than the cutting portion major axis a to being closer to the cutting edge major axis a than the cutting edge 52.

Referring to fig. 8, which illustrates a cross-sectional view taken in a plane containing the protrusion longitudinal axis C, according to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the protrusion ridge surface 74b may include a plurality of protrusion peak portions 80 and at least one protrusion valley portion 82, with each pair of adjacent protrusion peak portions 80 being spaced apart by a respective protrusion valley portion 82. Each projection peak portion 80 is taller than its adjacent projection valley portion 82.

According to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, when in the upward direction D_UAs measured above, a plurality of projection crest portions 80 may be located above the cutting edge 52. The plurality of projection peak portions 80 may assume a height away from the cutting portion front surface 40 in a rearward direction D_RIn the form of an above addition. When in the upward direction D_UAs measured above, at least one protrusion valley portion 82 may be located above the cutting edge 52.

Referring to fig. 1-6 a, the chip-control arrangement 72 includes a plurality of elongated ridges 84. The plurality of ridges 84 serve to bend the chip in the direction of the cutting portion main axis a. A plurality of ridges 84 project from the rake surface 42. The plurality of ridges 84 are spaced apart from each other and from the cutting portion front surface 40. In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, each bump 84 may extend from a respective one of the projection peak portions 80. The plurality of ridges 84 may not be identical. Referring to fig. 9, a cross-sectional view in a infeed plane FP perpendicular to the cutting portion transverse axis F and intersecting the plurality of ridges 84 is shown (note that the first raised area behind the cutting edge 60 is a portion of the protrusion 74, specifically its forwardmost portion 76a, rather than one ridge 84). As can be seen, the plurality of ridges 84 may take a height away from the cutting portion front surface 40 in the rearward direction D_RIn the form of an above addition.

As shown in fig. 9, which illustrates a cross-sectional view taken in a ridge radial plane P2 that is perpendicular to one ridge longitudinal axis PA and that intersects a ridge 84, each ridge 84 may include two ridge side surfaces 84a and a central ridge surface 84b extending therebetween in the width direction of the ridge 84, according to some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application. The ridge surface 84b of the ridge portion may be higher than the two ridge portion side surfaces 84a in a cross section in the width direction.

Fig. 10 shows a cross-sectional view taken in a ridge axial plane P1 that contains a ridge longitudinal axis PA and intersects rake face 42 and flank face 44. In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, each bump 84 may include a bump lowest point LP. The bump lowest point LP may be spaced from the land 66. The ridge lowest point LP may be vertically flush with the cutting edge 52.

In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, each protuberance 84 may extend along a protuberance longitudinal axis PA. In a top view of the cutting portion 38, the protuberance longitudinal axes PA may be parallel to each other. The bulge longitudinal axis PA may not coincide with the respective tangent T. Each protuberance longitudinal axis PA may form a protuberance angle β with the cutting portion transverse axis F. The angle beta of the bulge part can be within the range of 0 degrees to 30 degrees. In this non-limiting example shown in the figures, the bulge angle β is equal to 0 ° (i.e., the bulge longitudinal axis PA and the cutting tip transverse axis F are parallel to each other).

In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, a central portion of the protuberance 84 may have a concave profile in the protuberance axial plane P1. The lowest point LP of the bulge may be located at this concave profile. In the bulge radial plane P2, a central portion of the bulge 84 may have a convex profile.

Each boss 84 extends from the tab 74. With this configuration, the protrusion side surface 74a closest to the cutting edge 52 may be away from the cutting portion front surface 40 in the rearward direction D_RThe upper part is in a wave shape.

Referring to fig. 5, each ridge 84 extends to the cutting edge 52. That is, each ridge 84 terminates at a cutting edge 52. Thus, each bump 84 extends across land 66 (or via land 66). With this construction, the margin 66 includes a plurality of spaced upwardly convex margin portions 86. Each pair of adjacent male land portions 86 is separated by a non-male land portion 88. The margin 66 has an upward direction D_UUpper land height H measured from the rake surface P and varying along the cutting edge 52. Specifically, the land height H at each convex land portion 86 defines a first land height H₁Greater than a second margin height H defined by the margin height H at the adjacent non-convex margin portion 88₂. Each cutting edge crest 54 may be formed at a respective one of the convex land portions 86.

Referring to fig. 7, which shows a schematic view with superimposed partial cross-sections taken along the lines VII-VII and VII ' -VII ' in fig. 6b, and also shows two different tangent lines T, T ' associated with each cross-section, the margin 66 (at the convex margin portion 86 and the non-convex margin portion 88) may comprise a convex curved margin portion 68 extending in the direction of the cutting edge 52. The convexly curved land portion 68 is also convexly curved in a direction away from the cutting edge 52. Thus, the land inclination angle θ at the convexly curved land portion 68 may decrease in a direction away from the cutting edge 52. The convexly curved land portion 68 may be spaced from the cutting edge 52. The convex curved land portion 68 may be defined by a convex curved land radius R. The convex curved land radius R may vary along the cutting edge 56.

At each convex land portion 86, the land inclination angle θ at the cutting edge 52 forms a convex land inclination angle θ 1. At each non-convex land portion 88, the land inclination angle θ at the cutting edge 52 forms a non-convex land inclination angle θ 2. In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the convex margin inclination angle θ 1 at any given convex margin portion 86 may be greater than the non-convex margin inclination angle θ 2 at an adjacent non-convex margin portion 88. Thus, as shown in fig. 5, which illustrates an imaginary extrapolated land surface 89 defined by an extrapolation of the land 66 at the cutting edge 52, the land inclination angle θ at the cutting edge 52 may vary along the cutting edge 52 in an alternately increasing and decreasing manner. The male land inclination angle theta 1 at any given male land portion 86 may be no more than 5 deg. greater than the non-male land inclination angle theta 2 at the adjacent non-male land portion 88. The angle of inclination θ 1 of the convex land may be in the range of 20 ° ≦ θ 1 ≦ 40 °. The non-convex land inclination angle theta 2 can be in the range of 5 DEG to theta 2 to 30 deg.

In general, the land 66 transitions into the chip forming flute 78 at the point where its extended surface changes from a negative orientation to a positive orientation. It should be noted, however, that at the convex land portion 86, the land 66 may not transition to a positive orientation.

In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the chip-control arrangement 72 may include an elongated second protrusion 90. The second protrusion 90 may protrude from the rake surface 42. The second protrusion 90 may extend in a direction toward the front of the cutting portion 38. The second tab 90 may be spaced from the second margin 70.

In accordance with some embodiments of the subject matter of the present application, the chip-control arrangement 72 may include a plurality of elongated second raised portions 92. A plurality of second protuberances 92 may protrude from the rake surface 42. The second plurality of ridges 92 may be spaced apart from each other and from the cutting portion front surface 40. Each second protuberance 92 may extend from the second protrusion 90 to the second cutting edge 58. Each second ridge 92 may extend to the second cutting edge 58. Each second bump 92 may extend across the second land 70 (i.e., via the second land 70). Thus, as shown in FIG. 2, the second land 70 may include a plurality of spaced apart second male land portions 94. The chip-control arrangement 72 may have mirror symmetry about the symmetry plane S. Similarly, the cutting portion 38 may have mirror symmetry about the plane of symmetry S.

It should be understood that any or all of the features associated with the relief surface 44, the cutting portion corner 46, the cutting edge 52, the land 66, the protrusion 74, the ridge 84, and the convex land portion 86 may be applicable to the second relief surface 48, the second cutting portion corner 50, the second cutting edge 58, the second land 70, the second protrusion 90, the second ridge 92, and the second convex land portion 94, respectively.

Referring to fig. 13, a second aspect of the present application is directed to a non-rotating cutting tool 96. For example, the cutting tool 96 may be designed for turning operations other than milling or drilling operations. The cutting tool 96 includes the cutting insert 20 and the insert holder 36. The insert holder 36 includes an insert pocket 34, wherein the cutting insert 20 is releasably retained in the insert pocket 34.

Reference is now made to fig. 13, which shows a second embodiment. This embodiment has been found to be particularly suitable for grooving cutting inserts having a width (i.e. the front cutting edge length L) equal to 6 mm.

It should be noted that one feature of the subject matter of the present application is that the chip control arrangement 72 has been found to be effective for turning, in particular slot turning methods.

It should also be noted that one feature of the subject matter of the present application is that the chip control arrangement 72 has been found to be effective for cutting different metallic workpiece materials (e.g., steel, stainless steel, and high temperature metal alloys, such as nickel).

It should also be noted that one feature of the subject matter of the present application is that the chip control arrangement 72 has been found to be effective for a variety of applications, such as full width grooving, partial (fine) grooving, fine turning, and turning.

Although the subject matter of the present application has been described to a certain degree of particularity, it should be understood that various alterations and modifications could be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.