阅读说明：本技术 一种钝感电发火头用烟火剂及其制备方法及应用 (Pyrotechnic agent for insensitive electric ignition head and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 吕能勇 覃韬 伍堂锐 唐维邦 张军君 简娟娟 王浩 于 2020-07-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于烟火剂技术领域,特别涉及一种钝感电发火头用烟火剂及其制备方法及应用,所述烟火剂由还原剂、氧化剂、成型用粘合剂组成；所述还原剂由镁粉、锆粉和铝粉组成；所述氧化剂为过氧化钡,所述粘合剂由无水乙醇和聚乙烯醇缩丁醛组成。本发明中钝感电发火头用烟火剂应用于热电池的点火,具有燃点高、输出能量大、使用安全等优点,能够满足热电池的点火要求。(The invention belongs to the technical field of pyrotechnic compositions, and particularly relates to a pyrotechnic composition for a insensitive electric ignition head, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the pyrotechnic composition consists of a reducing agent, an oxidizing agent and a forming adhesive; the reducing agent consists of magnesium powder, zirconium powder and aluminum powder; the oxidant is barium peroxide, and the adhesive is composed of absolute ethyl alcohol and polyvinyl butyral. The pyrotechnic composition for the insensitive electric ignition head is applied to ignition of a thermal battery, has the advantages of high ignition point, large output energy, safety in use and the like, and can meet the ignition requirement of the thermal battery.)

1. The pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head is characterized by consisting of a reducing agent, an oxidizing agent and a forming adhesive; the reducing agent consists of magnesium powder, zirconium powder and aluminum powder; the oxidant is barium peroxide; the adhesive is the anhydrous alcohol solution of polyvinyl aldehyde.

2. The pyrotechnic composition for a blunt-sense electric fire-head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder and the aluminum powder in the reducing agent is (10-15): (5-10): 5-10).

3. The pyrotechnic composition for a blunt-induction heating head as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder, the aluminum powder and the oxidant is (10-15): (5-10): (65-75).

4. The pyrotechnic composition for a blunt-sense electric fire-head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder and the aluminum powder to the oxidizer is 15:5:5: 75.

5. A pyrotechnic composition for a blunt-fire head as claimed in claim 1 wherein the molding adhesive is a polyvinyl butyral absolute ethanol solution.

6. The pyrotechnic composition for a blunt-sense electric fire-head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of the molding binder is 1% to 3%, i.e., 1g to 3g of polyvinyl butyral is added to 100ml of absolute ethanol.

7. A method of preparing a pyrotechnic composition for use in a blunt-sense electric fire head as claimed in claim 1 comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing an oxidant and a reducing agent to prepare a powdery pyrotechnic agent; adding polyvinyl butyral into absolute ethyl alcohol, and uniformly stirring to prepare an adhesive solution; and (3) uniformly mixing and stirring the powdery pyrotechnic agent and the forming adhesive solution to prepare slurry, thus obtaining the pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head.

8. The blunt point as defined in claim 1, which is made of a pyrotechnic composition and is applied to a thermal battery as an igniter of the thermal battery.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pyrotechnic compositions, and particularly relates to a pyrotechnic composition for a insensitive electric ignition head, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Thermal batteries, also known as heat activated reserve batteries (heat activated regenerative batteries). The thermal battery is a molten salt battery started by igniting a firework heat source, and has the advantages of high specific energy and no need of maintenance in the storage period. The electrolyte is non-conductive solid when the thermal battery is stored, and when the thermal battery is used, the heating agent in the thermal battery is ignited by using an electric ignition head or a firing pin mechanism and the like, so that the electrolyte is melted into an ionic conductor to be activated. The thermal battery is used as a reserve type energy source, has the characteristics of short activation time, quick response, high-power output, long storage life, capability of being installed in any direction and the like, and is widely applied to various missile weapons.

Since the 70 s in the 20 th century, the interest of the thermal battery in the major military strong countries in the world has been multiplied, and the 80 s have been rapidly developed. The thermal battery is a starting and emergency power supply for missile launching, torpedo submarines, guided missiles, intelligent bombs, ejection seats and the like, is limited by the characteristics of the application field, and few open reports on detailed information about the thermal battery. The thermal battery mainly comprises a pile, an ignition component, a heating component, an insulating and heat-preserving component, a battery shell, a cover and other structural components, and when the thermal battery is used, the current is adopted to ignite an electric ignition head or a firing pin mechanism is used for striking the ignition component such as a fire cap and the like to ignite the ignition element, so that the heating element is ignited, the internal temperature of the battery is rapidly increased, the electrochemical reaction is started, meanwhile, electrolyte is melted, and an ion conductor with high conductivity is formed, so that the battery is activated, and the required direct current voltage and current can be output in a short time.

The electric ignition head is a main ignition component for electrically activating the thermal battery, and the sensitive electric ignition head is mainly used as an igniter in the initial development stage of the thermal battery. Nowadays, a plurality of new-concept weapons continuously appear in the fierce military confrontation, a plurality of new technical equipment continuously develop, the requirements on various performance indexes of a thermal battery are higher, the anti-interference performance of the thermal battery to the environment is gradually attracted by a plurality of experts and scholars, and the insensitive electric ignition head is gradually the first choice of a thermal battery igniter, so that the development of the pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head, which has high ignition point, large output energy and safe use, is particularly important.

In the design of a passive electrical firing head, it is most important to use passive pyrotechnic compositions. Two insensitive pyrotechnic compositions are introduced in the book "engineering of initiating explosive devices" by the King Kaimen doctor: TiH₁₉/KClO₄And Mg/TeO₂. Because the auxiliary components are not clear, the proportion is not specific, the reference effect is not obvious, in addition, the ignition standard of the insensitive electric ignition head is 1A, 1W and 5min, the ignition is not carried out for 5A, 5W and 50ms, namely, the activation current is 5A, the reliable ignition time is 50ms, the index requirement of the insensitive electric ignition head is improved, and compared with the pyrotechnic agent, the research on the pyrotechnic agent with the characteristics of high ignition point, large output heat, safe use and the like to meet the insensitive activation requirement of the thermal battery is particularly important.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a pyrotechnic agent for a insensitive thermal battery electric ignition head, a preparation method and application thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems. The pyrotechnic agent provided by the method is used as a pyrotechnic agent of a passive electric ignition head, is applied to the activation of a thermal battery, has the advantages of high ignition point, large output energy, safe use and the like, can meet the activation requirement of the thermal battery, and is particularly suitable for being applied to the thermal battery with extremely high requirement on environmental adaptability.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head consists of a reducing agent, an oxidizing agent and a forming adhesive.

The reducing agent consists of magnesium powder, zirconium powder and aluminum powder.

The oxidant is barium peroxide.

Furthermore, the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder and the aluminum powder in the reducing agent is (10-15): (5-10): 5-10).

The mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder, the aluminum powder and the oxidant is (10-15): (5-10): 65-75).

Further preferably, the mass ratio of the magnesium powder, the zirconium powder, the aluminum powder and the oxidant is 15:5:5: 75.

Further, the molding binder is an absolute ethanol solution of polyvinyl butyral.

Furthermore, the concentration of the molding adhesive is 1-3 percent, namely 1-3 g of polyvinyl butyral is added into each 100ml of absolute ethyl alcohol.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a pyrotechnic composition for a insensitive electric firing head, comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing an oxidant and a reducing agent to prepare a powdery pyrotechnic agent; adding polyvinyl butyral into absolute ethyl alcohol and uniformly stirring to prepare an adhesive solution; and mixing the powdery pyrotechnic agent and the forming adhesive solution, and uniformly stirring to prepare slurry, thus obtaining the pyrotechnic agent for the insensitive electric ignition head.

The chemical reaction equation of the pyrotechnic agent for the blunt-induction electric fire head is as follows:

5BaO₂+Mg+Zr+2Al＝5BaO+MgO+ZrO+Al₂O₃

due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the pyrotechnic compositions for the insensitive electric sparking tips of the present invention were tested by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC method) and the results are shown in FIG. 1. The results of the curves show: the ignition point of the pyrotechnic composition reaches 544.6 ℃, and the heat generation amount of the pyrotechnic composition per unit mass is 2.837 Kj/g. Therefore, the pyrotechnic composition can meet the requirement of the insensitive electric firing head on the high ignition point of the pyrotechnic composition, can meet the insensitive ignition requirement of a thermal battery, and is particularly suitable for the thermal battery with extremely high requirement on environmental adaptability.

(2) Because of its large output energy, a pyrotechnic agent with a mass of 30mg can complete the ignition of the ignition plate inside the thermal battery, while TiH₁₉/KClO₄And Mg/TeO₂The mass of the two pyrotechnic compositions must be above 60 mg. Therefore, the external dimensions of the insensitive electric ignition head using the pyrotechnic composition of the invention are only 3.5mm, while the external dimensions of the inert electric ignition head using TiH₁₉/KClO₄And Mg/TeO₂The external dimension of the insensitive electric ignition head reaches 4.5 mm.

(3) The passive electric ignition head pyrotechnic agent system is added, and more alternative technical approaches are provided for the design of the passive electric ignition head.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the DSC curve chart of the pyrotechnic composition for the insensitive electric ignition head is shown;

FIG. 2: comparative example equal weight Mg/TeO₂Pyrotechnic DSC profile;

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below with reference to the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.