阅读说明：本技术 一种餐具用可降解材料 (Degradable material for tableware ) 是由 贾春腾 张烁 赵光宇 于 2020-07-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,具体的说是一种餐具用可降解材料,包括底座、液压机和顶盖；所述底座上表面固连有下模板；所述下模板远离底座一侧阶梯形设计；所述下模板远离底座一侧表面开设有第一凹槽；所述第一凹槽内通过螺钉固连有均匀分布的下模块；所述下模块远离底座一侧表面焊接有模芯；所述底座位于上模板四周固连有导向柱；所述导向柱远离底座一侧共同固连有顶盖；所述顶盖远离底座一侧固连有液压机；本发明通过上模块中开设的模腔和下模块上固连的模芯形成腔室,利用蜂蜡膏热熔冷凝的特性,使熔融状态的蜂蜡膏在流动过程中于模芯和模腔表面形成一层均匀的膜层,并使用均匀的蜂蜡膏膜层对熔融的可降解材料表面进行改性。(The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a degradable material for tableware, which comprises a base, a hydraulic press and a top cover; the upper surface of the base is fixedly connected with a lower template; the lower template is designed in a stepped manner at one side far away from the base; the surface of one side of the lower template, which is far away from the base, is provided with a first groove; the first groove is fixedly connected with lower modules which are uniformly distributed through screws; a mold core is welded on the surface of one side, away from the base, of the lower module; the base is positioned on the periphery of the upper template and fixedly connected with guide posts; one sides of the guide posts, which are far away from the base, are fixedly connected with a top cover together; one side of the top cover, which is far away from the base, is fixedly connected with a hydraulic machine; according to the invention, the cavity is formed by the die cavity arranged in the upper die block and the die core fixedly connected with the lower die block, a uniform film layer is formed on the surfaces of the die core and the die cavity in the flowing process of the molten beeswax paste by utilizing the characteristic of hot melting and condensation of the beeswax paste, and the surface of the molten degradable material is modified by using the uniform beeswax paste film layer.)

1. A degradable material for tableware, which is characterized in that: the degradable material for tableware is composed of the following raw materials:

25-30 parts of straw, 35-38 parts of polyethylene, 15-18 parts of starch, 8-10 parts of montmorillonite, 1-1.5 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 2-4 parts of polylactic acid and 4-6 parts of stearic acid;

the polylactic acid is maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid;

the straws comprise rape straws, corn straws and rice hulls;

the preparation method of the degradable material for tableware comprises the following steps:

s1: mixing sodium hydroxide with water to prepare a 1-2% sodium hydroxide solution, cutting the straw sections with the length of 3-5cm, soaking the straw sections into the prepared sodium hydroxide solution, heating the straw sections to 35-40 ℃, soaking the straw sections for 5-8 hours, and ventilating and airing the straw sections for 24-30 hours at normal temperature after soaking;

s2: introducing the soaked straw sections into a high-speed shearing machine, controlling the rotating speed of the high-speed shearing machine to be 480-;

s3: introducing polyethylene into a reaction kettle, heating to 160 ℃ plus 120 ℃, sequentially adding maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid, starch, montmorillonite and dimethyl sulfoxide into the reaction kettle, and controlling the reaction kettle to stir at a constant speed of 180r/min plus 120;

s4: introducing the loose straw powder subjected to steam explosion treatment into a reaction kettle, controlling the stirring speed of the reaction kettle to be increased to 240 plus materials at 360r/min, stirring at a constant speed for 15-20min, adding stearic acid dissolved in an alcohol solution into the reaction kettle, and quickly stirring for 5-8min to obtain the degradable material for tableware;

s5: and (4) introducing the degradable material for tableware prepared in the step S4 into an injection mold, coating the degradable material for tableware with food-grade beeswax paste for injection molding, promoting the food-grade beeswax paste to carry out surface modification on the degradable material for tableware, and preparing the surface-modified degradable material tableware after injection molding.

2. The degradable material for tableware according to claim 1, wherein: wherein the starch in the raw materials is composite deformed hydroxypropyl etherified starch prepared by crosslinking reaction by using propylene oxide as an etherifying agent.

3. The degradable material for tableware according to claim 1, wherein: wherein the raw material is also added with kelp residue doped with 20% of corn residue; the kelp residue is dried and crushed kelp powder; puffing and pretreating the kelp residues by an extrusion puffing machine; the particle size of the kelp residue is 0.9-1 mm.

4. The degradable material for tableware according to claim 3, wherein: the injection mold in S5 comprises a base (1), a hydraulic machine (11) and a top cover (12); the upper surface of the base (1) is fixedly connected with a lower template (2); the lower template (2) is designed in a stepped manner at one side far away from the base (1); a first groove is formed in the surface of one side, away from the base (1), of the lower template (2); the first groove is fixedly connected with lower modules (21) which are uniformly distributed through screws; a mold core (22) is welded on the surface of one side, away from the base (1), of the lower module (21); the base (1) is positioned on the periphery of the upper template (3) and fixedly connected with guide columns (13); a top cover (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the guide column (13) far away from the base (1); one side of the top cover (12) far away from the base (1) is fixedly connected with a hydraulic machine (11); the output end of the hydraulic machine (11) penetrates through the top cover (12); the output end of the hydraulic machine (11) is positioned at one end of the top cover (12) close to the base (1) and is fixedly connected with a pressure plate (14); the guide post (13) is positioned between the base (1) and the pressure plate (14) and is connected with an upper template (3) in a sliding way; one side of the upper template (3) close to the pressure plate (14) is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed connecting rods (15); the connecting rods (15) are all designed in a T shape; the connecting rods (15) penetrate through the pressure plate (14); one side of the upper template (3) close to the lower template (2) is matched with the lower template (2); a second groove is formed in the surface of one side, close to the lower template (2), of the upper template (3); the second groove is fixedly connected with upper modules (31) which are uniformly distributed through screws; a die cavity is formed in the surface of one side, close to the lower die block (21), of the upper die block (31); a feeding hole is formed in one side, away from the lower die block (21), of the die cavity; a hot flow pipe (34) is fixedly connected in the feeding hole; the hot flow pipe (34) is externally connected with a feeding device; the side wall of the die cavity is provided with a conducting hole; the die cavity is communicated with the die cavity through a through hole; the highest end of the ladder shape of the upper template (3) is provided with a first sliding chute; a sliding plate (32) is connected in the first sliding chute in a sliding way; one side of the sliding plate (32), which is far away from the lower module (21), is elastically connected with the first sliding groove through a spring; the through holes extend into the first sliding groove; the sliding plate (32) is fixedly connected with an injection pipe (33) corresponding to the through hole; the injection pipe (33) penetrates through the upper module (31) and is externally connected with an injection tank; the stepped bottom end of the lower module (21) is provided with a liquid accumulation tank; a liquid outlet pipe is fixedly connected in the liquid accumulation tank; the liquid outlet pipe penetrates through the lower template (2) and is externally connected with an injection tank; cooling grooves are formed in the upper module (31) and the lower module (21); the cooling groove is arranged around the die cavity and the die core (22); the cooling tank is communicated with an external water pumping device.

5. The degradable material for tableware according to claim 4, wherein: the side wall of the first groove is provided with third sliding chutes which are symmetrically designed; an elastic pressing plate (4) is connected in the third sliding chute in a sliding manner; the elastic pressing plate (4) is provided with uniformly distributed openings corresponding to the mold core (22); the elastic pressing plate (4) is matched with the lower module (21).

6. The degradable material for tableware according to claim 4, wherein: the side wall of the liquid accumulation groove is provided with symmetrically designed fourth sliding grooves; a conduction plate (23) is connected in the fourth sliding chute in a sliding manner; the conduction plate (23) is elastically connected with one side, far away from the upper template (3), of the fourth sliding chute through a spring; the conduction plate (23) is provided with a first through hole; the first through hole and the liquid outlet pipe are designed in a staggered mode in an initial state; the upper template (3) is provided with a first through groove corresponding to the liquid accumulation groove; one side of the pressure plate (14) close to the upper template (3) is fixedly connected with a transmission rod (16); the drive rod (16) extends into the first through-slot design.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a degradable material for tableware.

Background

The common treatment mode of straw as an accessory product of pure natural crops is centralized natural degradation and incineration. Natural degradation has certain time limit, environmental pollution can be directly caused by burning, a series of policies which are carried out by the country in recent years also dominate the recycling of straw which is a renewable material, but because the degradable tableware manufactured by using the straw has the phenomena of rough surface, poor oil stain resistance and weak surface water resistance when in use, edible vegetable paint is coated on the surface of the degradable tableware after cooling and shaping are finished in the prior art to solve the technical problem, the service life and the attractiveness of the degradable tableware are effectively prolonged, but because the internal plastic components of the degradable tableware have the offset property in the cooling process, the degradable tableware is easy to offset to the surface in the cooling process, a certain blocking effect is formed on the penetration of the paint, and the adhesion and the penetration degree of the paint are obviously reduced.

A preparation method of an environment-friendly degradable straw material published by Chinese patent is as follows: 2017113462286, cutting the needed straw and plant fiber into pieces within 2mm, mixing in the mixer, adding lubricant, biological degradation agent and antioxidant, and stirring rapidly to obtain straw mixture. On the basis of the preparation method of the environment-friendly degradable straw material, cellulose, antioxidant and thermoplastic elastomers and other components are added, so that the environment-friendly degradable straw material has good elasticity, firmness and the like, but after the injection molding of the degradable straw material prepared by the method is finished, the surface of the degradable straw material is rough due to large gaps between straw materials, and the degradable straw material is easy to disperse quickly after contacting oil stains and acid-base solutions.

The invention develops a degradable material for tableware, which is used for solving the problems that the surface of the degradable material prepared by taking straws as a raw material is large in gaps, and the paint permeation and adhesion effects are poor, so that the prepared degradable tableware is rough in surface, poor in water resistance and poor in weather resistance.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art and solve the problems that the degradable material prepared by taking straws as a raw material has larger surface gaps and poorer paint permeation and adhesion effects, and further causes the roughness of the surface, the water resistance and the weather resistance of the prepared degradable tableware, the invention provides the degradable material for the tableware.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the degradable material for tableware is prepared from the following raw materials:

25-30 parts of straw, 35-38 parts of polyethylene, 15-18 parts of starch, 8-10 parts of montmorillonite, 1-1.5 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 2-4 parts of polylactic acid and 4-6 parts of stearic acid;

the polylactic acid is maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid;

the straws comprise rape straws, corn straws and rice hulls;

the maleic anhydride graft modified polylactic acid selected from the raw materials can effectively utilize anhydride groups to perform dehydration reaction with polar groups under the action of high temperature and generate chemical bonds, so that chemical coupling is performed between immiscible polar substances and nonpolar substances, meanwhile, the rape straws, the corn straws and the rice hulls are one of straw types with large oil content and more wax, and the rape straws, the corn straws and the rice hulls are large-amount and cheap substances, so that the acquisition is convenient, and the cost of the degradable material for tableware is effectively reduced;

the preparation method of the degradable material for tableware comprises the following steps:

s1: mixing sodium hydroxide with water to prepare a 1-2% sodium hydroxide solution, cutting the straw sections with the length of 3-5cm, soaking the straw sections into the prepared sodium hydroxide solution, heating the straw sections to 35-40 ℃, soaking the straw sections for 5-8 hours, and ventilating and airing the straw sections for 24-30 hours at normal temperature after soaking; the method has the advantages that the straw sections are soaked by using sodium hydroxide, the surface of the straw sections can be effectively corroded by using weak alkali solution, part of pectin, lignin, hemicellulose and low-molecular impurities on the surface of the straw are dissolved and removed, meanwhile, the rotating angle of the microfiber is reduced, the surface of the fiber is roughened, a plurality of cavities are formed, and the interface compatibility of the fiber and a polymer is effectively improved;

s2: introducing the soaked straw sections into a high-speed shearing machine, controlling the rotating speed of the high-speed shearing machine to be 480-; the straw is treated by using a steam explosion technology, the connection between cellulose and semi-fiber is effectively weakened by using high-temperature steam, and meanwhile, when the pressure is reduced, gas existing in fiber gaps rapidly expands to generate an explosion effect, so that the fiber is effectively dissociated, and the straw powder has a loose and porous structural property;

s3: introducing polyethylene into a reaction kettle, heating to 160 ℃ plus 120 ℃, sequentially adding maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid, starch, montmorillonite and dimethyl sulfoxide into the reaction kettle, and controlling the reaction kettle to stir at a constant speed of 180r/min plus 120; the polyethylene is modified by using high-diffusivity montmorillonite and dimethyl sulfoxide, so that the diffusion and dispersion degree of the starch with the agglomeration performance in the polyethylene is effectively promoted, and meanwhile, the interface adhesion between the copolymer and the straw powder can be effectively promoted by maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid;

s4: introducing the loose straw powder subjected to steam explosion treatment into a reaction kettle, controlling the stirring speed of the reaction kettle to be increased to 240 plus materials at 360r/min, stirring at a constant speed for 15-20min, adding stearic acid dissolved in an alcohol solution into the reaction kettle, and quickly stirring for 5-8min to obtain the degradable material for tableware; mixing straw powder and modified polyethylene plastic to prepare a modified degradable material with fluid property, adding stearic acid into the mixture, and utilizing the mobility of the stearic acid to ensure that the stearic acid dispersed in the blend at high temperature gradually migrates and segregates to the surface of the material in the process of cooling the material, thereby effectively optimizing the surface smoothness of the prepared degradable tableware;

s5: introducing the degradable material for tableware prepared in the step S4 into an injection mold, coating the degradable material for tableware with food-grade beeswax paste for injection molding, promoting the food-grade beeswax paste to carry out surface modification on the degradable material for tableware, and preparing the surface-modified degradable material tableware after injection molding; the food-grade beeswax paste and the degradable material are used for co-injection molding, the food-grade beeswax paste is coated on the surface of the degradable material in a high-temperature fluid state, can effectively dissolve food-grade beeswax paste on the surface of the degradable material to form a layer of liquid film, and combine the grease component in the beeswax paste and loose and porous straw powder in the degradable material under the action of high temperature, so that the interior of the degradable material has antibacterial and waterproof effects, and simultaneously, in the process of injection molding and cooling, the wax component in the cerate is gradually attached to the surface of the degradable material to form a waxy film, so that on one hand, the waterproof property and smoothness of the prepared degradable tableware are effectively enhanced, and simultaneously, the waxy film can also effectively isolate the interior degradable material from the outside, thereby effectively controlling the degradation rate of the degradable material and prolonging the service time of the degradable material.

Preferably, the starch in the raw materials is composite deformed hydroxypropyl etherified starch prepared by crosslinking reaction by using propylene oxide as an etherifying agent; the composite deformation hydroxypropyl etherified starch prepared by cross-linking reaction by using propylene oxide as an etherifying agent in the raw materials has good film forming property and stable viscosity in the dissolving process, can effectively enable components in the degradable material to be bonded more stably, has high-quality water vapor transmittance, absorbs water weakly, and can effectively avoid accelerated decomposition of the prepared degradable tableware after absorbing water.

Preferably, kelp residue doped with 20% of corn residue is also added into the raw materials; the kelp residue is dried and crushed kelp powder; puffing and pretreating the kelp residues by an extrusion puffing machine; the particle size of the kelp residue is 0.9-1 mm; the kelp residue which is subjected to puffing treatment by using the extrusion puffing machine and doped with the corn residue is selected from the raw materials, the puffing rate is improved by utilizing the auxiliary kelp residue of the corn residue, the straight chain hydrogen bond of the corn residue is broken in the extruding shearing gelatinization process, the structure of the corn residue is enabled to be loose, the pressure in the extrusion puffing machine is further increased, the puffing rate of the kelp residue is enhanced, the puffed kelp residue is added into the raw materials, the high-quality oil absorption performance of the puffed kelp residue can be utilized, the effect of effectively promoting the oil substances in the beeswax paste to diffuse into the degradable material is achieved, and the fineness of the surface layer of the prepared degradable tableware is further enabled to be effectively enhanced, and the water resistance and the oxidation resistance are effectively enhanced.

Preferably, the injection mold in S5 comprises a base, a hydraulic press and a top cover; the upper surface of the base is fixedly connected with a lower template; the lower template is designed in a stepped manner at one side far away from the base; the surface of one side of the lower template, which is far away from the base, is provided with a first groove; the first groove is fixedly connected with lower modules which are uniformly distributed through screws; a mold core is welded on the surface of one side, away from the base, of the lower module; the base is positioned on the periphery of the upper template and fixedly connected with guide posts; one sides of the guide posts, which are far away from the base, are fixedly connected with a top cover together; one side of the top cover, which is far away from the base, is fixedly connected with a hydraulic machine; the output end of the hydraulic machine penetrates through the top cover; the output end of the hydraulic machine is positioned at one end of the top cover close to the base and fixedly connected with a pressure plate; the guide post is positioned between the base and the pressure plate and is connected with an upper template in a sliding way; one side of the upper template, which is close to the pressure plate, is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed connecting rods; the connecting rods are all designed in a T shape; the connecting rods penetrate through the pressure plate; one side of the upper template, which is close to the lower template, is matched with the lower template; a second groove is formed in the surface of one side, close to the lower template, of the upper template; the second groove is fixedly connected with upper modules which are uniformly distributed through screws; a die cavity is formed in the side surface, close to the lower die block, of the upper die block; a feeding hole is formed in one side, away from the lower die block, of the die cavity; a hot flow pipe is fixedly connected in the feeding hole; the hot flow pipe is externally connected with a feeding device; the side wall of the die cavity is provided with a conducting hole; the die cavity is communicated with the die cavity through a through hole; the highest end of the ladder shape of the upper template is provided with a first sliding chute; a sliding plate is connected in the first sliding chute in a sliding manner; one side of the sliding plate, which is far away from the lower module, is elastically connected with the first sliding groove through a spring; the through holes extend into the first sliding groove; the sliding plate is fixedly connected with an injection tube corresponding to the conducting hole; the injection pipe penetrates through the upper module and is externally connected with an injection tank; the bottommost end of the lower module step is provided with a liquid accumulation tank; a liquid outlet pipe is fixedly connected in the liquid accumulation tank; the liquid outlet pipe penetrates through the lower template and is externally connected with an injection tank; cooling grooves are formed in the upper module and the lower module; the cooling groove is arranged around the die cavity and the die core; the cooling tank is communicated with an external water pumping device;

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the injection mold;

FIG. 3 is a disassembled view of the injection mold;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an injection mold;

in the figure: the device comprises a base 1, a hydraulic machine 11, a top cover 12, a guide column 13, a pressure plate 14, a connecting rod 15, a transmission rod 16, a lower template 2, a lower module 21, a mold core 22, a conduction plate 23, an upper template 3, an upper module 31, a sliding plate 32, an injection pipe 33, a hot flow pipe 34 and a spring plate 4.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the degradable material for tableware according to the present invention is composed of the following raw materials:

25-30 parts of straw, 35-38 parts of polyethylene, 15-18 parts of starch, 8-10 parts of montmorillonite, 1-1.5 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium hydroxide, 2-4 parts of polylactic acid and 4-6 parts of stearic acid;

the polylactic acid is maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid;

the straws comprise rape straws, corn straws and rice hulls;

the maleic anhydride graft modified polylactic acid selected from the raw materials can effectively utilize anhydride groups to perform dehydration reaction with polar groups under the action of high temperature and generate chemical bonds, so that chemical coupling is performed between immiscible polar substances and nonpolar substances, meanwhile, the rape straws, the corn straws and the rice hulls are one of straw types with large oil content and more wax, and the rape straws, the corn straws and the rice hulls are large-amount and cheap substances, so that the acquisition is convenient, and the cost of the degradable material for tableware is effectively reduced;

the preparation method of the degradable material for tableware comprises the following steps:

s1: mixing sodium hydroxide with water to prepare a 1-2% sodium hydroxide solution, cutting the straw sections with the length of 3-5cm, soaking the straw sections into the prepared sodium hydroxide solution, heating the straw sections to 35-40 ℃, soaking the straw sections for 5-8 hours, and ventilating and airing the straw sections for 24-30 hours at normal temperature after soaking; the method has the advantages that the straw sections are soaked by using sodium hydroxide, the surface of the straw sections can be effectively corroded by using weak alkali solution, part of pectin, lignin, hemicellulose and low-molecular impurities on the surface of the straw are dissolved and removed, meanwhile, the rotating angle of the microfiber is reduced, the surface of the fiber is roughened, a plurality of cavities are formed, and the interface compatibility of the fiber and a polymer is effectively improved;

s2: introducing the soaked straw sections into a high-speed shearing machine, controlling the rotating speed of the high-speed shearing machine to be 480-; the straw is treated by using a steam explosion technology, the connection between cellulose and semi-fiber is effectively weakened by using high-temperature steam, and meanwhile, when the pressure is reduced, gas existing in fiber gaps rapidly expands to generate an explosion effect, so that the fiber is effectively dissociated, and the straw powder has a loose and porous structural property;

s3: introducing polyethylene into a reaction kettle, heating to 160 ℃ plus 120 ℃, sequentially adding maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid, starch, montmorillonite and dimethyl sulfoxide into the reaction kettle, and controlling the reaction kettle to stir at a constant speed of 180r/min plus 120; the polyethylene is modified by using high-diffusivity montmorillonite and dimethyl sulfoxide, so that the diffusion and dispersion degree of the starch with the agglomeration performance in the polyethylene is effectively promoted, and meanwhile, the interface adhesion between the copolymer and the straw powder can be effectively promoted by maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid;

s4: introducing the loose straw powder subjected to steam explosion treatment into a reaction kettle, controlling the stirring speed of the reaction kettle to be increased to 240 plus materials at 360r/min, stirring at a constant speed for 15-20min, adding stearic acid dissolved in an alcohol solution into the reaction kettle, and quickly stirring for 5-8min to obtain the degradable material for tableware; mixing straw powder and modified polyethylene plastic to prepare a modified degradable material with fluid property, adding stearic acid into the mixture, and utilizing the mobility of the stearic acid to ensure that the stearic acid dispersed in the blend at high temperature gradually migrates and segregates to the surface of the material in the process of cooling the material, thereby effectively optimizing the surface smoothness of the prepared degradable tableware;

s5: introducing the degradable material for tableware prepared in the step S4 into an injection mold, coating the degradable material for tableware with food-grade beeswax paste for injection molding, promoting the food-grade beeswax paste to carry out surface modification on the degradable material for tableware, and preparing the surface-modified degradable material tableware after injection molding; the food-grade beeswax paste and the degradable material are used for co-injection molding, the food-grade beeswax paste is coated on the surface of the degradable material in a high-temperature fluid state, can effectively dissolve food-grade beeswax paste on the surface of the degradable material to form a layer of liquid film, and combine the grease component in the beeswax paste and loose and porous straw powder in the degradable material under the action of high temperature, so that the interior of the degradable material has antibacterial and waterproof effects, and simultaneously, in the process of injection molding and cooling, the wax component in the cerate is gradually attached to the surface of the degradable material to form a waxy film, so that on one hand, the waterproof property and smoothness of the prepared degradable tableware are effectively enhanced, and simultaneously, the waxy film can also effectively isolate the interior degradable material from the outside, thereby effectively controlling the degradation rate of the degradable material and prolonging the service time of the degradable material.

As an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the starch in the raw material is a complex modified hydroxypropyl etherified starch prepared by a crosslinking reaction using propylene oxide as an etherifying agent; the composite deformation hydroxypropyl etherified starch prepared by cross-linking reaction by using propylene oxide as an etherifying agent in the raw materials has good film forming property and stable viscosity in the dissolving process, can effectively enable components in the degradable material to be bonded more stably, has high-quality water vapor transmittance, absorbs water weakly, and can effectively avoid accelerated decomposition of the prepared degradable tableware after absorbing water.

As an embodiment of the invention, kelp residue doped with 20% of corn residue is also added into the raw materials; the kelp residue is dried and crushed kelp powder; puffing and pretreating the kelp residues by an extrusion puffing machine; the particle size of the kelp residue is 0.9-1 mm; the kelp residue which is subjected to puffing treatment by using the extrusion puffing machine and doped with the corn residue is selected from the raw materials, the puffing rate is improved by utilizing the auxiliary kelp residue of the corn residue, the straight chain hydrogen bond of the corn residue is broken in the extruding shearing gelatinization process, the structure of the corn residue is enabled to be loose, the pressure in the extrusion puffing machine is further increased, the puffing rate of the kelp residue is enhanced, the puffed kelp residue is added into the raw materials, the high-quality oil absorption performance of the puffed kelp residue can be utilized, the effect of effectively promoting the oil substances in the beeswax paste to diffuse into the degradable material is achieved, and the fineness of the surface layer of the prepared degradable tableware is further enabled to be effectively enhanced, and the water resistance and the oxidation resistance are effectively enhanced.

As an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the injection mold in S5 includes a base 1, a hydraulic press 11, and a top cover 12; the upper surface of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a lower template 2; the lower template 2 is designed in a stepped manner at one side far away from the base 1; the surface of one side, away from the base 1, of the lower template 2 is provided with a first groove; the first groove is fixedly connected with lower modules 21 which are uniformly distributed through screws; a mold core 22 is welded on the surface of one side of the lower module 21, which is far away from the base 1; the base 1 is fixedly connected with guide posts 13 positioned on the periphery of the upper template 3; a top cover 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the guide column 13, which is far away from the base 1; one side of the top cover 12, which is far away from the base 1, is fixedly connected with a hydraulic machine 11; the output end of the hydraulic machine 11 penetrates through the top cover 12; the output end of the hydraulic machine 11 is positioned at one end of the top cover 12 close to the base 1 and is fixedly connected with a pressure plate 14; the guide post 13 is positioned between the base 1 and the pressure plate 14 and is connected with the upper template 3 in a sliding way; one side of the upper template 3 close to the pressure plate 14 is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed connecting rods 15; the connecting rods 15 are all designed in a T shape; the connecting rods 15 all penetrate through the pressure plate 14; one side of the upper template 3 close to the lower template 2 is matched with the lower template 2; a second groove is formed in the surface of one side, close to the lower template 2, of the upper template 3; the second groove is fixedly connected with upper modules 31 which are uniformly distributed through screws; a die cavity is formed in the surface of one side, close to the lower die block 21, of the upper die block 31; a feeding hole is formed in one side, far away from the lower die block 21, of the die cavity; a hot flow pipe 34 is fixedly connected in the feeding hole; the hot flow pipe 34 is externally connected with a feeding device; the side wall of the die cavity is provided with a conducting hole; the die cavity is communicated with the die cavity through a through hole; the highest end of the step shape of the upper template 3 is provided with a first sliding chute; a sliding plate 32 is connected in the first sliding chute in a sliding manner; one side of the sliding plate 32, which is far away from the lower module 21, is elastically connected with the first sliding chute through a spring; the through holes extend into the first sliding groove; the sliding plate 32 is fixedly connected with an injection pipe 33 corresponding to the through hole; the injection pipe 33 penetrates through the upper module 31 and is externally connected with an injection tank; the bottom end of the lower module 21 is provided with a liquid accumulation groove; a liquid outlet pipe is fixedly connected in the liquid accumulation tank; the liquid outlet pipe penetrates through the lower template 2 and is externally connected with an injection tank; cooling grooves are formed in the upper module 31 and the lower module 21; the cooling channels are arranged around the mold cavity and the mold core 22; the cooling tank is communicated with an external water pumping device; most of wood-plastic tableware in the prior art are coated with edible plant paint on the surface after cooling and shaping are finished, so that the use duration and the attractiveness of the wood-plastic tableware are effectively prolonged, but as the plastic components in the wood-plastic tableware have excursion property in the cooling process, the wood-plastic tableware is prone to excursion to the surface in the cooling process, and further a certain barrier effect is formed on the infiltration of the paint, so that the adhesiveness and the infiltration degree of the paint are obviously reduced, the hyaluronic acid added in the raw materials has strong segregation shape, a compact smooth film can be effectively formed in the cooling process, a certain barrier effect is achieved on oil substances in beeswax paste, the diffusion efficiency of the oil substances in the beeswax paste into a degradable material is reduced, and the diffusion content is reduced; when the device works, the hydraulic press 11 is started, the output end of the hydraulic press 11 extends out, and then the pressure plate 14 is driven to move downwards, the upper template 3 connected with the pressure plate 14 through the connecting rod 15 in the initial state slides downwards along the guide post 13 under the action of gravity, after the opposite sides of the upper template 3 and the lower template 2 are overlapped, the sliding plate 32 in the first chute at the step-shaped top end of the upper template 3 is extruded and slides towards the inside of the first chute in the overlapping process, so that the injection pipe 33 fixedly connected with the first chute is communicated with the conducting hole, when the upper template 3 and the lower template 2 are overlapped, the surfaces of the upper module 31 and the lower module 21 are overlapped, so that a cavity is formed between the mold core 22 and the mold cavity, and then the beeswax paste in an internal melting state of the injection tank is controlled to be injected into the mold cavity through the injection tank, and because the mold cavities are communicated with each other and the upper template, because the upper die block 31 and the lower die block 21 are both provided with cooling grooves surrounding the die cavity and the die core 22, beeswax paste contacts the surfaces of the die cavity and the die core 22 in the flowing process to gradually form a condensed beeswax paste layer, redundant beeswax paste flows into the extrusion groove along the conducting hole under the action of gravity, and enters the injection tank again to wait for next circulation under the extraction action of the injection tank, so that a molten degradable material is filled into the cavity formed by the die core 22 and the die cavity through the feeding hole through the hot flow pipe 34, the beeswax layer formed on the surfaces of the die cavity and the die core 22 is gradually fused with the degradable material along with the entering of the high-temperature degradable material, the injection process of tableware is completed by gradually sizing and separating out in the continuous cooling process of the cooling grooves, the stepped upper die plate 3 and the lower die plate 2 are set, and the cavity formed by the die cavity formed in the upper die block 31 and the die core 22 fixedly connected on the lower die block 21, utilize the characteristic of beeswax cream hot melt condensation, make the beeswax cream of molten state form the even rete of one deck in mold core 22 and die cavity surface at the in-process that flows, compare in prior art through the mode of applying paint with a brush, the formation on beeswax rete is more convenient and beeswax rete thickness is more even, and then comparatively even to degradable tableware surface modification.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the first groove is provided with a third sliding chute which is symmetrically designed; an elastic pressing plate 4 is connected in the third sliding chute in a sliding manner; the elastic pressing plate 4 is provided with uniformly distributed openings corresponding to the mold core 22; the elastic pressing plate 4 is matched with the lower module 21; the during operation, cope match-plate pattern 3 will play clamp plate 4 extrusion downwards in the in-process of 2 laminatings of lower bolster, and then make mold core 22 and die cavity coincidence, cope match-plate pattern 3 is the rebound under hydraulic press 11's drive after finishing moulding plastics, and then make and play clamp plate 4 lose pressure, upwards reset, at the in-process that resets, play clamp plate 4 will mould plastics the tableware of accomplishing and jack up upwards, because break away from between tableware surface formation one deck waxy membrane and the mold core 22, play clamp plate 4 is to the tableware jack-up after, the tableware slides down along playing clamp plate 4 on notch cuttype lower bolster 2, and then be convenient for collect, accelerate the efficiency of moulding plastics of degradable tableware effectively.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the sidewall of the effusion cell is provided with a fourth chute which is symmetrically designed; a conduction plate 23 is connected in the fourth sliding chute in a sliding manner; the conduction plate 23 is elastically connected with one side of the fourth chute, which is far away from the upper template 3, through a spring; the conduction plate 23 is provided with a first through hole; the first through hole and the liquid outlet pipe are designed in a staggered mode in an initial state; the upper template 3 is provided with a first through groove corresponding to the liquid accumulation groove; one side of the pressure plate 14, which is close to the upper template 3, is fixedly connected with a transmission rod 16; the transmission rod 16 extends into the first through groove; when the device works, the pressure plate 14 and the upper die plate 3 move downwards under the driving of the hydraulic machine 11, so that the upper die plate 3 and the lower die plate 2 are coincided, the injection pipe 33 infuses beeswax paste fluid into the die cavity in the coincidence process, at the moment, the first through hole is not communicated with the liquid outlet pipe, the beeswax paste fluid cannot be discharged to the outside, so that the cavity formed by the die cavity and the die core 22 is completely filled, along with the continuous downward movement of the pressure plate 14, the pressure plate 14 extrudes the transmission rod 16 so that the transmission rod 16 extrudes the conduction plate 23, so that the first through hole on the conduction plate 23 is coincided with the liquid outlet pipe, so that the beeswax paste fluid in the liquid accumulation groove flows into the injection tank through the liquid outlet pipe, the next circulation is facilitated, the design of the conduction plate 23 enables the beeswax paste fluid to be completely filled in the die cavity, the phenomenon that the beeswax paste is not completely contacted with the inner wall of the, resulting in incomplete surface modification of the degradable tableware.

The specific working process is as follows:

when the device works, the hydraulic press 11 is started, the output end of the hydraulic press 11 extends out, and then the pressure plate 14 is driven to move downwards, the upper template 3 connected with the pressure plate 14 through the connecting rod 15 in the initial state slides downwards along the guide post 13 under the action of gravity, after the opposite sides of the upper template 3 and the lower template 2 are overlapped, the sliding plate 32 in the first chute at the step-shaped top end of the upper template 3 is extruded and slides towards the inside of the first chute in the overlapping process, so that the injection pipe 33 fixedly connected with the first chute is communicated with the conducting hole, when the upper template 3 and the lower template 2 are overlapped, the surfaces of the upper module 31 and the lower module 21 are overlapped, so that a cavity is formed between the mold core 22 and the mold cavity, and then the beeswax paste in an internal melting state of the injection tank is controlled to be injected into the mold cavity through the injection tank, and because the mold cavities are communicated with each other and the upper template, because last module 31 and lower module 21 all set up the cooling tank around die cavity and mold core 22, the beeswax cream is at the in-process that flows and die cavity and the contact of mold core 22 surface, form the beeswax cream layer that the one deck condenses gradually, unnecessary beeswax cream all flows into the extrusion inslot along the conducting hole under the effect of gravity, and under the extraction effect of injection jar, wait next cycle in the reentrant injection jar, produce through hot flow tube 34 to the molten degradable material fill the cavity that mold core 22 and die cavity formed through the inlet port, along with the entering of high temperature degradable material, the beeswax cream layer that die cavity and mold core 22 surface formed fuses with degradable material gradually, and in the cooling tank lasts the cooling process, the process of moulding plastics of accomplishing the tableware is appeared in the design gradually.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.