阅读说明：本技术 一种相变储能材料及其制备方法和应用 (Phase-change energy storage material and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 张乃斌 于 2020-07-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及材料技术领域,具体涉及一种相变储能材料及其制备方法和应用。一种相变储能材料,所述相变储能材料的制备原料包括发泡载体和石蜡；所述发泡载体的制备原料,按重量份计,包括：基材100-150份、发泡剂10-40份、改性剂5-30份、润滑剂1-8份、成核剂1-10份、其他助剂1-5份。本发明提供了一种相变储能材料,利用自制的高性能多孔发泡载体吸附加热至熔点以上的相变物质石蜡,其对石蜡的吸附量较高,可达70％；本发明提供的相变储能材料在相变过程中表现出固-固相变特性,相变焓较高,相变温度适中,应用范围广泛。(The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a phase change energy storage material and a preparation method and application thereof. A phase change energy storage material is prepared from raw materials including a foaming carrier and paraffin; the preparation raw materials of the foaming carrier comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of base material, 10-40 parts of foaming agent, 5-30 parts of modifier, 1-8 parts of lubricant, 1-10 parts of nucleating agent and 1-5 parts of other auxiliary agent. The invention provides a phase change energy storage material, which is characterized in that a self-made high-performance porous foaming carrier is used for adsorbing phase change substance paraffin which is heated to be above a melting point, and the adsorption amount of the paraffin is higher and can reach 70%; the phase change energy storage material provided by the invention shows solid-solid phase change characteristics in the phase change process, and has the advantages of high phase change enthalpy, moderate phase change temperature and wide application range.)

1. The phase change energy storage material is characterized in that raw materials for preparing the phase change energy storage material comprise a foaming carrier and paraffin; the preparation raw materials of the foaming carrier comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of base material, 10-40 parts of foaming agent, 5-30 parts of modifier, 1-8 parts of lubricant, 1-10 parts of nucleating agent and 1-5 parts of other auxiliary agent.

2. The phase change energy storage material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the foaming carrier comprises the following steps: fully mixing the base material, the foaming agent, the modifier, the lubricant, the nucleating agent and other auxiliary agents, adding the mixture into an extruder for melt blending, extruding, cooling and granulating to obtain primary particles of the foaming carrier; and then foaming the primary particles of the foaming carrier to obtain the foam carrier.

3. The phase change energy storage material of claim 1, wherein the substrate is selected from at least one of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polystyrene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene butyl acrylate copolymer, surlyn resin, polyester resin, and polyamide resin.

4. The phase change energy storage material of claim 3, wherein the base material is a mixture of polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer in a weight ratio of 1: (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.5).

5. The phase change energy storage material according to claim 4, wherein the polypropylene has a melt flow rate of 1-20g/10 min.

6. The phase change energy storage material of claim 4, wherein the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer has a styrene content of 40% to 60%.

7. The phase change energy storage material of claim 1, wherein the lubricant is a polysiloxane.

8. The phase change energy storage material according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the base material to the lubricant is (25-35): 1.

9. a method for preparing a phase change energy storage material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

(1) placing the foaming carrier in a stirring device for heating and stirring;

(2) heating paraffin to convert into liquid paraffin;

(3) and (3) directly adding the liquid paraffin obtained in the step (2) into the stirring device in the step (1), and stirring for 1-3 hours at the temperature of not higher than 200 ℃ to obtain the paraffin wax.

10. Use of the phase change energy storage material according to any of claims 1-8 in the fields of solar energy utilization, apparel textile, agriculture and construction.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a phase change energy storage material and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are substances that utilize the large amount of endothermic and exothermic effects that accompany some substances during phase change for energy storage and temperature regulation. The phase change materials are various, and more than 6000 types of PCM are found. Generally, the phase change material can be classified into an inorganic compound and an organic compound according to its properties. The inorganic phase change material mainly comprises crystalline hydrated salt, molten salt, metal alloy and the like. The organic phase change material mainly comprises organic matters such as paraffin, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the like. The solid-liquid phase change material has high phase change enthalpy and moderate phase change temperature, and has high use value; however, the single solid-liquid phase change material is corrosive due to the generation of liquid phase in the phase change process, and a special container is required to be used for packaging, so that the heat resistance between the heat transfer medium and the phase change material is increased, the heat transfer efficiency is reduced, and the production cost is greatly improved.

In recent years, in order to overcome the disadvantages of a single solid-liquid phase change material, a novel composite phase change energy storage material is produced. The composite energy storage material is prepared by compounding an organic phase change material in a porous matrix material by a physical adsorption method. The inorganic substance with a large specific surface area micropore structure is used as a support material, and the liquid organic substance or the high molecular phase change energy storage material (higher than the phase change temperature) is absorbed into the micropores through the capillary force of the micropores to form the organic/inorganic composite phase change energy storage material. In the composite phase-change energy storage material, when the organic or high-molecular phase-change energy storage material is subjected to solid-liquid phase change in the micropores, the liquid phase-change energy storage material is difficult to overflow from the micropores due to the action of capillary adsorption force. The phase change energy storage material macroscopically loses fluidity and shows solid-solid phase transition. But still in the form of a solid-liquid phase change at the microscopic level. The phase-change material does not need to be contained in a container, so that the heat transfer area and the heat transfer efficiency are increased, and the phase-change material can be made into various shapes according to the requirements.

The traditional adsorption material is mainly a porous inorganic material, but the invention takes a porous foaming organic material as a carrier, adsorbs a phase change substance, realizes the release and storage of energy by utilizing the melting-crystallization phase transformation of the phase change substance, and provides a high-performance phase change energy storage material.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the first aspect of the invention provides a phase change energy storage material, wherein the phase change energy storage material is prepared from a foaming carrier and paraffin; the preparation raw materials of the foaming carrier comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of base material, 10-40 parts of foaming agent, 5-30 parts of modifier, 1-8 parts of lubricant, 1-10 parts of nucleating agent and 1-5 parts of other auxiliary agent.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation method of the foaming carrier comprises the following steps: fully mixing the base material, the foaming agent, the modifier, the lubricant, the nucleating agent and other auxiliary agents, adding the mixture into an extruder for melt blending, extruding, cooling and granulating to obtain primary particles of the foaming carrier; and then foaming the primary particles of the foaming carrier to obtain the foam carrier.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base material is at least one selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polystyrene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer, surlyn resin, polyester resin, and polyamide resin.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the base material is a mixture of polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer, and the weight ratio of the base material to the base material is 1: (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.5).

As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the melt flow rate of the polypropylene is 1-20g/10 min.

As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the content of the styrene in the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer is 40-60%.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant is polysiloxane.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the weight ratio of the base material to the lubricant is (25-35): 1.

the second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the phase change energy storage material, which comprises the following steps:

(1) placing the foaming carrier in a stirring device for heating and stirring;

(2) heating paraffin to convert into liquid paraffin;

(3) and (3) directly adding the liquid paraffin obtained in the step (2) into the stirring device in the step (1), and stirring for 1-3 hours at the temperature of not higher than 200 ℃ to obtain the paraffin wax.

The third aspect of the invention provides application of the phase change energy storage material in the fields of solar energy utilization, clothing textile, agriculture and building industry.

Advantageous effects

The invention provides a phase change energy storage material, which is characterized in that a self-made high-performance porous foaming carrier is used for adsorbing phase change substance paraffin which is heated to be above a melting point, and the adsorption amount of the paraffin is higher and can reach 70%; the phase change energy storage material provided by the invention shows solid-solid phase change characteristics in the phase change process, and has the advantages of high phase change enthalpy, moderate phase change temperature and wide application range.

Detailed Description

The disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.

The term "prepared from …" as used herein is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.

The conjunction "consisting of …" excludes any unspecified elements, steps or components. If used in a claim, the phrase is intended to claim as closed, meaning that it does not contain materials other than those described, except for the conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of …" appears in a clause of the subject matter of the claims rather than immediately after the subject matter, it defines only the elements described in the clause; other elements are not excluded from the claims as a whole.

When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when a range of "1 to 5" is disclosed, the described range should be interpreted to include the ranges "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", "1 to 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.

The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. "optional" or "any" means that the subsequently described event or events may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not.

Approximating language, as used herein throughout the specification and claims, is intended to modify a quantity, such that the invention is not limited to the specific quantity, but includes portions that are literally received for modification without substantial change in the basic function to which the invention is related. Accordingly, the use of "about" to modify a numerical value means that the invention is not limited to the precise value. In some instances, the approximating language may correspond to the precision of an instrument for measuring the value. In the present description and claims, range limitations may be combined and/or interchanged, including all sub-ranges contained therein if not otherwise stated.

In addition, the indefinite articles "a" and "an" preceding an element or component of the invention are not intended to limit the number requirement (i.e., the number of occurrences) of the element or component. Thus, "a" or "an" should be read to include one or at least one, and the singular form of an element or component also includes the plural unless the stated number clearly indicates that the singular form is intended.

In order to solve the technical problem, a first aspect of the present invention provides a phase change energy storage material, wherein raw materials for preparing the phase change energy storage material comprise a foaming carrier and paraffin.

In a preferred technical scheme, the preparation raw materials of the foaming carrier comprise, by weight: 100-150 parts of base material, 10-40 parts of foaming agent, 5-30 parts of modifier, 1-8 parts of lubricant, 1-10 parts of nucleating agent and 1-5 parts of other auxiliary agent.

In a more preferred technical scheme, the preparation raw materials of the foaming carrier comprise, by weight: 140 parts of base material, 30 parts of foaming agent, 20 parts of modifier, 5 parts of lubricant, 4 parts of nucleating agent and 2 parts of other auxiliary agent.

Base material

In the present invention, the base material is at least one selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polystyrene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer, surlyn resin, polyester resin, and polyamide resin.

In a preferred embodiment, the substrate comprises at least polypropylene.

In a preferred embodiment, the substrate comprises at least a polymer with styrene monomers.

In a more preferred embodiment, the substrate is a mixture of polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer.

In a more preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer is 1: (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.5).

In a more preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer is 1: 0.2: 0.4.

polypropylene

Polypropylene, PP for short, is a colorless, odorless, nontoxic and semitransparent solid substance. Polypropylene (PP) is a thermoplastic synthetic resin with excellent performance, and is colorless translucent thermoplastic light general-purpose plastic. The polypropylene has chemical resistance, heat resistance, electrical insulation, high-strength mechanical property, good high-wear-resistance processing property and the like, so that the polypropylene can be rapidly and widely developed and applied in a plurality of fields such as machinery, automobiles, electronic and electric appliances, buildings, textiles, packaging, agriculture, forestry, fishery, food industry and the like since the coming out. In recent years, with the rapid development of the industries such as packaging, electronics, automobiles and the like in China, the development of the industries in China is greatly promoted. And because of its plasticity, polypropylene materials are gradually replacing wooden products, and the mechanical functions of metals have been gradually replaced by high strength toughness and high wear resistance. In addition, the polypropylene has good grafting and compounding functions, and has huge application space in the aspects of concrete, textile, packaging and agriculture, forestry and fishery.

In the present invention, the polypropylene is not particularly limited, and there may be mentioned a copolymer polypropylene and a homopolymer polypropylene.

In a preferred embodiment, the polypropylene is homopolypropylene.

In a more preferred embodiment, the polypropylene has a melt flow rate of 1 to 20g/10 min.

In a more preferred embodiment, the polypropylene has a melt flow rate of 2 to 6g/10 min.

In the present invention, the source of the polypropylene is not particularly limited, and there may be mentioned a melt flow rate of 3.1g/10min, which is available from Yingcang plastification Co., Ltd., Yuyao, trade name T30S.

Melt flow rate (abbreviated as MFR, melt mass flow rate), also referred to as Melt Index (MI), is the gram of melt flowing through a standard capillary over a period of time (typically 10min) in g/10min at a certain temperature and pressure in a standardized melt index apparatus. The melt flow rate is an important reference basis for selecting plastic processing materials and brands, so that the selected raw materials can better meet the requirements of the processing technology, and the reliability and the quality of the formed product are improved. The melt flow rate of the invention is 230 ℃/2.16 kg.

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, english name: acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymers, ABS for short. ABS is a thermoplastic high polymer material with high strength, good toughness and easy processing and molding. The ABS resin is acrylonitrile, 1, 3-butadiene and styrene copolymer. It can be used in-25-60 deg.C environment, and has good formability, and the surface of the processed product is smooth, and easy to dye and electroplate, and can be mixed with various resins to form a blend, mainly used for alloy and plastics.

In the invention, the content of styrene in the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer is 40-60%.

In a preferred embodiment, the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer has a melt flow rate of 1 to 10g/10 min.

In a more preferred embodiment, the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer has a melt flow rate of 2 to 6g/10 min.

In the present invention, the source of the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer is not particularly limited, and there may be mentioned an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer having a melt flow rate of 4.6g/10min, which is purchased from the middle school of Camphor wood Haohan plastic raw material, Togao, and trade name D-1000.

Ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer

Random copolymers of ethylene with butyl acrylate. The content of the acrylic acid butyl vinegar is 5-30%, and the physical properties of the acrylic acid butyl vinegar are greatly different with the content of the acrylic acid butyl vinegar.

In the invention, the melt flow rate of the butene-butyl acrylate copolymer is 1-10g/10 min.

In a preferred embodiment, the butene-butyl acrylate copolymer has a melt flow rate of 2 to 6g/10 min.

In the present invention, the source of the butene-butyl acrylate copolymer is not particularly limited, and there may be mentioned a melt flow rate of 4g/10min selected from DuPont, U.S.A., model No. 3427 AC.

Polypropylene can not be thermoformed in a wider temperature range, the softening point and the melting point of the polypropylene are very close, once the polypropylene reaches the melting point, the melt viscosity is rapidly reduced, and the melt strength is also greatly reduced, so that the problems of uneven wall thickness of a product, collapse of extrusion foaming cells and the like during thermoforming are caused; and the polypropylene generally has higher air permeability, and foaming gas is easy to escape, so the time suitable for polypropylene foaming is narrower, and the processing is difficult. The inventor finds that the reasonable compounding of polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer and ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer can improve the stability of the foam pores of the polypropylene foaming carrier and reduce the collapse and cracking of the foam pores. The inventors believe that the possible reason is that the use of an ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer with a specific melt index promotes the entanglement of its linear segments with those of polypropylene, forming a plurality of tensile stress absorbing sites and a network structure; meanwhile, in order to prevent the crystallization between chain segment molecules and improve the crystallization temperature and the melt strength of a foaming carrier system, a certain amount of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer is added, on one hand, the disperse phase of the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer can be used as a nucleation point, so that the crystallization temperature of polypropylene is improved, the melt strength of the polypropylene is improved, the collapse of cells and the escape of gas in the foaming process are reduced, and the stability of the cells is improved, on the other hand, the disperse phase of the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer can play a role of a physical cross-linking point in the melting process to block the movement of polypropylene and the long chain of ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer, so that the sensitivity of the viscosity of the foaming carrier system relative to the temperature is reduced, and the melt strength of the carrier during foaming is further. Particularly, when the content of styrene in the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer is 40-60%, the stability of the cells of the carrier system is optimal, because the polystyrene chain segment is crystallized first, the chain segments of the polypropylene and the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer are debonded, the proportion of open cells is increased, the adsorption of paraffin wax is promoted, and the dispersion of other additives is improved, and when the content of styrene is too much or too little, the open cell efficiency and the cell stability of the carrier are affected.

Foaming agent

The foaming agent is a substance for forming pores in a target substance and can be classified into a chemical foaming agent, a physical foaming agent and a surfactant. Chemical blowing agents are those compounds which decompose upon heating to release gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen and form pores in the polymer composition; physical blowing agents are those in which the foam cells are formed by a change in the physical form of a substance, i.e., by expansion of a compressed gas, volatilization of a liquid, or dissolution of a solid; the foaming agents have higher surface activity, can effectively reduce the surface tension of liquid, are arranged on the surface of a liquid film in an electric double-layer mode to surround air to form bubbles, and then form foam by single bubbles.

In the present invention, the blowing agent is not particularly limited, and physical blowing agents and compounded blowing agents can be mentioned.

Examples of physical blowing agents include, but are not limited to, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, butane, propane, pentane, heptane.

Examples of chemical blowing agents include, but are not limited to, azo-based blowing agents, nitrite-based blowing agents, sulfonyl hydrazide-based blowing agents, and carbonate-based blowing agents.

In a preferred embodiment, the blowing agent is carbon dioxide.

The invention uses carbon dioxide as a foaming agent and adopts supercritical carbon dioxide for foaming and forming. The supercritical foaming is a physical foaming technique, and simultaneously is a microcellular foaming technique, in the processes of injection molding, extrusion and blow molding, firstly, injecting other gases such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen in a supercritical state into a special plasticizing device, fully and uniformly mixing/diffusing the gases and molten raw materials to form single-phase mixed sol, and then guiding the sol to a mold cavity or an extrusion die to ensure that the sol generates large pressure drop, so that the gases are separated out to form a large number of bubble nuclei; and in the subsequent cooling and forming process, the bubble nuclei in the sol continuously grow and are formed, and finally, the foamed plastic product is obtained.

Modifying agent

In the invention, the modifier is ethylene propylene rubber.

In a preferred embodiment, the ethylene-propylene rubber is ethylene-propylene-diene monomer rubber.

In a more preferred embodiment, the ethylene-propylene-diene rubber has an ethylene and propylene content of no more than 96 wt%.

In the present invention, the source of the ethylene propylene diene monomer is not particularly limited, and there may be mentioned ethylene propylene diene monomer having an ethylene and propylene content of 95 wt%, selected from Dow, USA, model No. 3722P.

In the invention, the weight ratio of the base material to the modifier is (5-10): 1.

in a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio of the substrate to modifier is 7: 1.

the inventor finds that the addition of a certain amount of ethylene propylene rubber can obviously improve the adsorption amount of the foaming carrier to paraffin, and particularly, when the content of ethylene and propylene in the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber is not higher than 96 wt%, the content of paraffin in the phase change energy storage material is optimal. The invention is possible because the ethylene propylene diene monomer does not contain polar groups in molecules, and the paraffin is electrophilic and weakly polar substances, so that the oil-absorbing resin can show high adsorption rate; secondly, the ethylene propylene diene monomer has a flexible macromolecule long chain structure, is similar to paraffin in composition and structure, and has good lipophilicity, so that paraffin materials can be well absorbed; meanwhile, with the proper reduction of the contents of ethylene and propylene in the ethylene propylene diene monomer, the content of the third monomer is increased (not less than 4 wt%), and the third monomer is easier to wind with a styrene structure to form a three-dimensional network structure, and the network structure can be used as an adsorption resin of small molecules such as oil and the like and can also be used as an adsorption carrier of a phase-change material. However, the inventors found that the adsorption rate of paraffin is rather lowered as the amount of ethylene propylene diene monomer added is further increased, and the inventors thought that the reason is that when the amount of ethylene propylene diene monomer is too large, the ethylene propylene diene monomer tends to self-polymerize and not to easily entangle with styrene, and the rigidity of the foamed support is insufficient, and the network structure tends to collapse.

Lubricant agent

In the present invention, the lubricant is polysiloxane.

In a preferred embodiment, the lubricant is a terminal vinyl polydimethylsiloxane.

In a more preferred embodiment, the terminal vinyl polydimethylsiloxane has a vinyl content of from 0.02 to 1 wt%.

In a more preferred embodiment, the terminal vinyl polydimethylsiloxane has a kinetic viscosity of 1000-.

In a more preferred embodiment, the terminal vinyl polydimethylsiloxane has a kinetic viscosity of 5000-.

In a more preferred embodiment, the terminal vinyl polydimethylsiloxane has a vinyl content of from 0.18 to 0.13 wt%.

In the present invention, the source of the terminal vinyl polydimethylsiloxane is not particularly limited, and Anhui Eyota Silicone oil Co., Ltd., product number IOTA 273 can be mentioned.

The inventor finds that on one hand, the terminal vinyl polydimethylsiloxane has better affinity to the olefin chain segment of the foaming carrier, has good dispersibility in a base material system of the foaming carrier, can form a continuous phase network, and has good interface strength between two phases; on the other hand, the carbon dioxide-polysiloxane composite material has good affinity for carbon dioxide, has high carbon dioxide adsorption capacity, and has extremely high diffusion rate in the carbon dioxide, so that in the carbon dioxide infiltration stage, the carbon dioxide can be rapidly diffused into the foaming carrier, and the polysiloxane is used as a diffusion channel of the carbon dioxide, so that the contact area between the carbon dioxide and the foaming carrier is increased, the diffusion path is reduced, the infiltration saturation time is shortened, and the foaming efficiency is improved. The inventors have also unexpectedly found that the foamed carrier substrate may have a limited space for gas growth due to too high melt strength, and it is difficult to form a hollow structure, an open-cell structure, and a closed-cell structure, which are not conducive to cell growth. And a certain amount of terminal vinyl polydimethylsiloxane is added, so that the strength of the matrix melt is relatively suitable for foaming, a better cell structure and a larger expansion ratio are formed, and the adsorption rate and the adsorption quantity of paraffin are improved.

The inventor also unexpectedly finds that the base material adopted by the invention is a mixture of polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer and ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer, although the melt strength of a foaming carrier system can be effectively enhanced, the stability of the carrier is improved, the interface strength between the systems is stronger, the solubility and diffusion time of carbon dioxide in the foaming carrier system are reduced, the time for the carbon dioxide to reach a saturated state in the system is longer, the gas growth resistance is larger, the space is limited, and a uniform-size cellular structure is difficult to form. And a certain amount of terminal vinyl polydimethylsiloxane is added, so that the problems can be effectively improved, the foaming rate of the foaming carrier is improved, and a uniform cell structure is formed.

Nucleating agent

The nucleating agent is a new functional assistant which is suitable for incomplete crystallization plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene and the like, accelerates the crystallization rate, increases the crystallization density and promotes the grain size to be micronized by changing the crystallization behavior of resin, thereby achieving the purposes of shortening the molding period, and improving the physical and mechanical properties such as the transparency, the surface gloss, the tensile strength, the rigidity, the heat distortion temperature, the impact resistance, the creep resistance and the like of products.

In the present invention, the nucleating agent is not particularly limited, and inorganic nucleating agents, organic nucleating agents, polymeric nucleating agents and the like can be mentioned.

As the inorganic nucleating agent, there may be mentioned talc, calcium carbonate, silica, alum, titanium dioxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, carbon black, mica and the like.

As the organic nucleating agent, there may be mentioned aliphatic carboxylic acid metal compounds, sorbitolidene derivatives, aromatic carboxylic acid metal compounds, organic phosphates and lignonic acid and derivatives thereof, sodium benzoate and aluminum carboxy bis (p-t-butylbenzoic acid), and the like.

In a preferred embodiment, the nucleating agent is talc.

In the present invention, the source of the talc is not particularly limited, and may be referred to as metro company associated light business ltd.

In the molten state of the carrier system, the nucleating agent provides required crystal nuclei to convert the original homogeneous nucleation of the base material system into heterogeneous nucleation, thereby accelerating the crystallization speed, refining the crystal grain structure, being beneficial to improving the rigidity of the product, shortening the molding period, keeping the dimensional stability of the final product, improving the physical and mechanical properties (such as rigidity and modulus) of the carrier system and shortening the processing period.

Other auxiliaries

In the invention, the other auxiliary agents comprise an antioxidant, a chain extender, a lipophilic additive and the like.

In a preferred embodiment, the further auxiliary agent is an antioxidant.

Antioxidants are a class of chemicals which, when present in only small amounts in polymer systems, retard or inhibit the progress of the polymer oxidation process, thereby preventing the aging of the polymer and extending its useful life, also known as "age resistors".

In the present invention, the antioxidant is not particularly limited, and there may be mentioned antioxidant AT1010, antioxidant 703, antioxidant 453, antioxidant 264, antioxidant 1076, antioxidant T501, antioxidant DLTP and the like.

In the present invention, the antioxidant is selected from basf, antioxidant 168.

In the invention, the preparation method of the foaming carrier comprises the following steps: fully mixing the base material, the foaming agent, the modifier, the lubricant, the nucleating agent and other auxiliary agents, adding the mixture into an extruder for melt blending, extruding, cooling and granulating to obtain primary particles of the foaming carrier; and then foaming the primary particles of the foaming carrier to obtain the foam carrier.

The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the phase change energy storage material, which comprises the following steps:

(1) placing the foaming carrier in a stirring device for heating and stirring;

(2) heating paraffin to convert into liquid paraffin;

(3) and (3) directly adding the liquid paraffin obtained in the step (2) into the stirring device in the step (1), and stirring for 1-3 hours at the temperature of not higher than 200 ℃ to obtain the paraffin wax.

The invention adopts a self-made foaming carrier, has large specific surface area, and the perforated pore structures which are mutually communicated have strong and spontaneous capillary adsorption, so that paraffin molecules are fully adsorbed; meanwhile, a network space structure can be formed among the molecules of the foaming carrier substrate; the network structure can be used as not only an adsorption resin of small molecules such as oil and the like, but also an adsorption carrier of a phase-change material. The invention utilizes the network structure of the foaming carrier as the adsorption carrier of the phase change material to respectively form a solid-solid phase change energy storage material with the phase change material paraffin, and utilizes the melting-crystallization phase change of the paraffin to realize the release and storage of energy.

The third aspect of the invention provides application of the phase change energy storage material in the fields of solar energy utilization, clothing textile, agriculture and building industry.

The present invention will be specifically described below by way of examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure are still within the scope of the present invention.

In addition, the starting materials used are all commercially available, unless otherwise specified.