阅读说明：本技术 一种风向检测器 (Wind direction detector ) 是由 徐刚 李子睿 刘欣 袁静 李红丽 梅华平 李玉梅 于 2020-06-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种风向检测器,包括壳体、风向轴、风向标、光电传感器和环形的渐变密度滤光片,壳体内部中空,风向轴竖向并可转动的安装在壳体内,且风向轴的上端向上延伸至伸出壳体,风向标安装在风向轴上端,风向标在风力的作用下带动风向轴同步转动,渐变密度滤光片设置在壳体内且同轴固定安装在风向轴上端,光电传感器与控制器电连接,光电传感器安装在壳体内并位于渐变密度滤光片的下方,且光电传感器的检测部朝上,光电传感器用以朝渐变密度滤光片发出光束,并接收渐变密度滤光片反射的光束信号后发送至控制器。本申请所述风速检测器的结构简单,测量原理简单,响应时间短,精度高,抗干扰能力强,受环境影响较小,可靠性高,使用寿命长。(The invention discloses a wind direction detector which comprises a shell, a wind direction shaft, a wind vane, a photoelectric sensor and an annular gradient density optical filter, wherein the shell is hollow, the wind direction shaft is vertically and rotatably arranged in the shell, the upper end of the wind direction shaft extends upwards to extend out of the shell, the wind vane is arranged at the upper end of the wind direction shaft, the wind vane drives the wind direction shaft to synchronously rotate under the action of wind force, the gradient density optical filter is arranged in the shell and coaxially and fixedly arranged at the upper end of the wind direction shaft, the photoelectric sensor is electrically connected with a controller, the photoelectric sensor is arranged in the shell and positioned below the gradient density optical filter, the detection part of the photoelectric sensor faces upwards, and the photoelectric sensor is used for emitting light beams towards the gradient density optical filter and receiving light beam signals reflected by the gradient. The wind speed detector is simple in structure, simple in measurement principle, short in response time, high in precision, strong in anti-interference capacity, small in environmental influence, high in reliability and long in service life.)

1. The wind direction detector is characterized by comprising a shell (1), a wind direction shaft (2), a wind vane (3), a photoelectric sensor (4) and an annular gradient density optical filter (5), wherein the shell (1) is hollow inside, the wind direction shaft (2) is vertically and rotatably installed in the shell (1), the upper end of the wind direction shaft (2) upwards extends to extend out of the shell (1), the wind vane (3) is installed at the upper end of the wind direction shaft (2), the wind vane (3) drives the wind direction shaft (2) to synchronously rotate under the action of wind power, the gradient density optical filter (5) is arranged in the shell (1) and coaxially and fixedly installed at the upper end of the wind direction shaft (2), the photoelectric sensor (4) is electrically connected with a controller, the photoelectric sensor (4) is installed in the shell (1) and is positioned below the gradient density optical filter (5), and the detection part of the photoelectric sensor (4) faces upwards, and the photoelectric sensor (4) is used for sending light beams towards the gradient density filter (5) and receiving light beam signals reflected by the gradient density filter (5) and then sending the light beam signals to the controller.

2. The wind direction detector according to claim 1, characterized in that a vertically distributed pipe shaft (11) is fixedly installed in the casing (1), a gap is formed between the upper end of the pipe shaft (11) and the inner top wall of the casing (1), the lower end of the wind direction shaft (2) extends into the pipe shaft (11) and is coaxially and rotatably connected with the pipe shaft, and the photoelectric sensor (4) is installed at the upper end of the pipe shaft (11).

3. The wind direction detector according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising an annular light and dark alternative filter (6), wherein the light and dark alternative filter (6) is covered with a reflection region and a light absorption region which are sequentially and alternately distributed along the circumferential direction of the light and dark alternative filter, the casing (1) comprises a base (12) and a cylindrical groove body (13), the tubular shaft (11) is arranged at the upper end of the base (12), the groove body (13) is coaxially and rotatably mounted on the tubular shaft (11), a notch of the groove body (13) faces downwards, the outer side wall of the groove body (13) is provided with a plurality of fan blades (7) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the groove body, the light and dark alternative filter (6) is mounted on the inner bottom wall of the groove body (13) and located above the gradient density filter (5), and the photoelectric sensor (4) is used for emitting light beams, and the light beams reflected by the light and shade alternating filter (6) and the gradient density filter (5) are received and then sent to the controller.

4. The wind direction detector according to claim 3, wherein the alternating light and dark filters (6) comprise a plurality of sector-shaped reflection filters (61) and black filters (62) with the same specification, the plurality of reflection filters (61) and the plurality of black filters (62) are coaxially arranged and sequentially and alternately distributed along a ring, any adjacent reflection filters (61) and black filters (62) are fixedly connected, the reflection filters (61) form a reflection area of the alternating light and dark filters (6), and the black filters (62) form a light absorption area of the alternating light and dark filters (6).

5. A wind direction detector according to claim 4, wherein the alternating bright and dark filter (6) and the graduated density filter (5) are coaxially distributed.

6. The wind direction detector according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the fan blades (7) are vertically arranged strip-shaped plates, the fan blades (7) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the slot body (13) at intervals, one side of each fan blade (7) close to the slot body (13) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the slot body (13) through a connecting rod, and the thickness of each fan blade (7) is gradually reduced from one side of the fan blade corresponding to the width direction to the other side of the fan blade.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a wind direction detection device.

Background

The wind speed detector can be widely used for measuring the wind speed of places such as greenhouses, environmental protection, meteorological stations, building construction, wharfs, cultivation and the like, wind can transmit temperature and spread dust and can be used for reflecting meteorological conditions, the monitoring of wind direction has important significance on environmental pollution control, environmental temperature regulation, industry, agriculture and traffic industries, and wind direction information is widely applied in the fields of meteorology, coal mines, wind power generation, tower crane lifting, ventilation equipment and aerospace, so that the parameter measurement of the wind speed and the wind direction is always important work in engineering test.

However, the traditional anemoscope has high requirements on the use environment, and the anemoscope has large measurement errors in the environments of sand storm, high temperature, electromagnetic interference and the like, so that the problems of measurement errors, temperature drift and the like can occur.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a micro wind direction detector with high comprehensive performance, high measurement precision, wide application range and low power consumption, which avoids temperature drift, and adopts the following technical scheme:

a wind direction detector comprises a shell, a wind direction shaft, a wind vane, a photoelectric sensor and an annular gradient density filter, the shell is hollow, the wind direction shaft is vertically and rotatably arranged in the shell, the upper end of the wind direction shaft extends upwards to extend out of the shell, the wind vane is arranged at the upper end of the wind direction shaft, the wind vane drives the wind direction shaft to synchronously rotate under the action of wind force, the density-gradient optical filter is arranged in the shell and coaxially and fixedly arranged at the upper end of the wind direction shaft, the photoelectric sensor is electrically connected with the controller, the photoelectric sensor is arranged in the shell and is positioned below the gradient density filter, and the detection part of the photoelectric sensor faces upwards, and the photoelectric sensor is used for emitting light beams towards the gradient density filter, receiving light beam signals reflected by the gradient density filter and then sending the light beam signals to the controller.

Preferably, vertically distributed pipe shafts are fixedly installed in the shell, a gap is formed between the upper end of each pipe shaft and the inner top wall of the shell, the lower end of the wind direction shaft extends into the pipe shafts and is coaxially and rotatably connected with the wind direction shaft, and the photoelectric sensor is installed at the upper end of each pipe shaft.

Preferably, still include annular light and shade light filter in turn, be covered with on the light and shade light filter in turn along its circumference in turn distributed's reflection region and extinction region, the casing includes base and cylindrical cell body, the hollow shaft sets up the base upper end, the coaxial and rotatable installation of cell body on the hollow shaft, just the notch of cell body is down, be equipped with a plurality of flabellums along its circumference interval evenly distributed on the lateral wall of cell body, light and shade light filter in turn is installed on the interior diapire of cell body, and be located the top of gradual change density filter, photoelectric sensor is used for sending the light beam, and the receipt light and shade light filter in turn with send after the light beam of gradual change density filter reflection to the controller.

Preferably, the light and dark alternating filter includes a plurality of fan-shaped reflection filters and black filters with the same specification, the plurality of reflection filters and the plurality of black filters are coaxially arranged and sequentially and alternately distributed along an annular shape, any adjacent reflection filters and the black filters are fixedly connected, the reflection filters form a reflection region of the light and dark alternating filter, and the black filters form a light absorption region of the light and dark alternating filter.

Preferably, the alternating bright and dark filters and the gradient density filters are coaxially distributed.

Preferably, the flabellum is the vertical bar shaped plate who sets up, and is a plurality of the flabellum is followed the even distribution in circumference interval of cell body, every the flabellum is close to one side of cell body pass through the connecting rod with the cell body lateral wall is connected fixedly, just the thickness of flabellum is reduced by its one side to the opposite side that corresponds width direction gradually.

The wind speed detector is simple in structure, simple in measurement principle and short in response time; the photoelectric sensor is sealed in the shell, so that the influence of the external environment on the work of the photoelectric sensor is avoided, the precision is high, the anti-interference capability is strong, the influence of the environment is small, and the application occasion is wide; high reliability and long service life.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. The detailed description of the present invention is given in detail by the following examples and the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind direction detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a wind direction detector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a graded density filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an alternative light and dark filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a light intensity signal of the fourth light beam received by the controller according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The specific meanings of the reference numerals are:

1. a housing; 11. a tubular shaft; 12. a base; 13. a trough body; 2. a wind direction axis; 3. a wind vane; 4. a photosensor; 5. a graded density filter; 6. a light and shade alternating filter; 61. a reflective filter; 62. a black filter; 7. a fan blade.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying fig. 1-5, which are provided as examples to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. The invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is merely for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly claiming the embodiments of the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention is provided, in which the wind direction detector in this embodiment includes a housing 1, a wind direction shaft 2, a wind vane 3, a photoelectric sensor 4, and an annular gradient density filter 5, the housing 1 is hollow, the wind direction shaft 2 is vertically and rotatably installed in the housing 1, an upper end of the wind direction shaft 2 extends upward to extend out of the housing 1, the wind vane 3 is installed at an upper end of the wind direction shaft 2, the wind vane 3 drives the wind direction shaft 2 to rotate synchronously under the action of wind force, the gradient density filter 5 is disposed in the housing 1 and coaxially and fixedly installed at an upper end of the wind direction shaft 2, a controller is installed in the housing 1, the photoelectric sensor 4 is electrically connected to the controller, the photoelectric sensor 4 is installed in the housing 1 and located below the gradient density filter 5, and the detection part of the photoelectric sensor 4 faces upwards, and the photoelectric sensor 4 is used for emitting light beams towards the gradient density filter 5, receiving light beam signals reflected by the gradient density filter 5 and then sending the light beam signals to the controller.

The detection principle of the wind direction detector is as follows:

in an initial state, the photoelectric sensor 4 emits a light beam towards the gradient density filter 5, receives a first light beam reflected by the gradient density filter 5, and the photoelectric sensor 4 sends a light intensity signal of the first light beam to the controller;

after the wind vane 3 rotates for a certain angle under the action of wind force, the gradient density optical filter 5 rotates along with the wind vane 3, the photoelectric sensor 4 emits light beams towards the gradient density optical filter 5 and receives second light beams reflected by the gradient density optical filter 5, and the photoelectric sensor 4 sends light intensity signals of the second light beams to the controller;

as shown in fig. 3, after the light intensity of the light beam reflected by the light intensity gradient filter 5 changes after the light intensity gradient filter 5 rotates by a certain angle, the controller compares the light intensity signals of the first light beam and the second light beam to obtain the rotation angle of the light intensity gradient filter 5, and calculates the wind direction information.

The wind speed detector is simple in structure, simple in measurement principle and short in response time; photoelectric sensor 4 seals in the casing 1, avoid external environment to influence photoelectric sensor 4 work, the precision is high, and the interference killing feature is strong, receives environmental impact less, and the reliability is high, and application scenario is extensive, long service life.

In order to improve the accuracy of the detector, the photoelectric sensor 4 adopts a laser light source.

Preferably, vertically distributed pipe shafts 11 are fixedly installed in the casing 1, a gap is formed between the upper ends of the pipe shafts 11 and the inner top wall of the casing 1, the lower end of the wind direction shaft 2 extends into the pipe shafts 11 and is coaxially and rotatably connected with the wind direction shaft, and the photoelectric sensor 4 is installed at the upper end of the pipe shafts 11.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the lower end of the wind direction shaft 2 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the pipe shaft 11 through a bearing, and when the wind vane 3 rotates under the action of wind force, the wind direction shaft 2 rotates inside the pipe shaft 11, so that the structure is stable.

Preferably, the light and shade alternating light filter comprises an annular light and shade alternating light filter 6, a reflection region and a light absorption region which are sequentially and alternately distributed along the circumferential direction of the light and shade alternating light filter 6 are fully distributed on the light and shade alternating light filter 6, the shell 1 comprises a base 12 and a cylindrical groove body 13, the tubular shaft 11 is arranged at the upper end of the base 12, the groove body 13 is coaxially and rotatably arranged on the tubular shaft 11, a notch of the groove body 13 faces downwards, a plurality of fan blades 7 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the groove body are arranged on the outer side wall of the groove body 13, the light and shade alternating light filter 6 is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the groove body 13 and is positioned above the gradient density light filter 5, the photoelectric sensor 4 is used for emitting light beams and receiving the light beams reflected by the light and shade alternating light filter 6.

In an initial state, the photoelectric sensor 4 emits light beams, one part of the light beams is reflected by the gradient density filter 5, the other part of the light beams penetrates through the gradient density filter 5 and is reflected by the light and dark alternative filter 6, and the photoelectric sensor 4 receives the third light beams reflected and overlapped by the gradient density filter 5 and the light and dark alternative filter 6;

the wind vane 3 rotates a certain angle under the action of wind force, the light density changing filter 5 rotates a certain angle along with the wind direction shaft 2, the fan blade 7 enables the groove body 13 to rotate under the action of wind force, the light and dark alternative filter 6 rotates synchronously along with the groove body 13, the photoelectric sensor 4 emits light beams, one part of the light beams are reflected by the light density changing filter 5, the other part of the light beams penetrate through the light density changing filter 5 and irradiate to the light and dark alternative filter 6, as shown in figure 4, after the light absorption area rotates to the upper part of the photoelectric sensor 4, the part of the light beams are absorbed by the light absorption area, the photoelectric sensor 4 cannot receive the light beams, after the reflection area rotates to the upper part of the photoelectric sensor 4, the part of the light beams are reflected by the reflection area, and the photoelectric sensor 4 receives the light and dark alternative change of the light beams reflected by the light and dark alternative filter 6, namely, the photoelectric sensor 4 receives the fourth light beam reflected and superposed by the gradient density filter 5 and the light and dark alternative filter 6, and sends a light intensity signal of the fourth light beam to the controller;

the photoelectric sensor 4 receives a fourth light beam reflected and superposed by the gradient density filter 5 and the light and dark alternative filter 6, as shown in fig. 5, the light intensity signal of the fourth light beam received by the controller is shown, the controller calculates the wind direction by comparing the light intensities of the fourth light beam and the third light beam, the wind speed determines the rotating speed of the tank body 13 and the light and dark alternative filter 6, and the controller calculates the wind speed according to the light and dark alternative frequency in the fourth light beam.

The wind direction detector integrates the functions of detecting wind direction and wind speed, has a simple structure, improves the defect that the size of the conventional mechanical wind speed and wind direction detector is large, and has small limitation on the detection of the wind speed started by low wind speed.

The base 12 is a flange, which facilitates the fixed installation of the wind direction detector.

As shown in fig. 2, the inner groove wall of the groove body 13 is rotatably mounted on the tube shaft 11 through a bearing rotatably matched with the inner groove wall, so as to seal the photoelectric sensor 4 in the groove body 13, and avoid the external environment from affecting the operation of the photoelectric sensor 4.

Preferably, the light and dark alternating filter 6 includes a plurality of sector-shaped reflection filters 61 and black filters 62 with the same specification, the plurality of reflection filters 61 and the plurality of black filters 62 are coaxially arranged and sequentially and alternately distributed along a ring, any adjacent reflection filter 61 and the black filter 62 are fixedly connected, the reflection filter 61 forms a reflection region of the light and dark alternating filter 6, and the black filter 62 forms a light absorption region of the light and dark alternating filter 6.

The reflective filter 62 reflects the light beam and the black filter 62 absorbs the light beam.

Preferably, the alternating bright and dark filters 6 and the gradient density filter 5 are coaxially distributed.

The light and dark alternative filter 6 and the gradient density filter 5 are coaxially distributed, so that the situation that light beams emitted by the photoelectric sensor 4 cannot irradiate on the light and dark alternative filter 6 in the rotating process of the light and dark alternative filter 6 and the gradient density filter 5 is avoided.

The wind direction axis of the wind direction detector shown in fig. 1 is vertically arranged, and the fan blade 7 adopts a structure of a vertical axis wind turbine fan blade; this application the wind direction axle still can the level set up, then the structure of flabellum 7 adopts the structure of horizontal axis aerogenerator flabellum, and it is no longer repeated here.

As shown in fig. 1, flabellum 7 is the vertical bar shaped plate who sets up, and is a plurality of flabellum 7 is followed the even distribution in circumference interval of cell body 13, every flabellum 7 is close to one side of cell body 13 pass through the connecting rod with cell body 13 lateral wall is connected fixedly, just flabellum 7's thickness reduces by its one side to the opposite side that corresponds the width direction gradually, so that flabellum 7 drives under the effect of wind the cell body 13 rotates.

The structure of the fan blades 7 is only shown as a schematic diagram, and those skilled in the art can adjust the material, size and number of the fan blades 7 as required.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner; the present invention may be readily implemented by those of ordinary skill in the art as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described above; however, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims; meanwhile, any changes, modifications, and evolutions of the equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the actual techniques of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.