Volatile stable drilling and hole collapse prevention supporting device and method for soft coal seam
阅读说明：本技术 一种松软煤层易失稳钻孔防塌孔支护装置及方法 (Volatile stable drilling and hole collapse prevention supporting device and method for soft coal seam ) 是由 张超 靳高汉 薛俊华 李树刚 程仁辉 黄晓昇 曽祥真 杨朴超 王星龙 于 2020-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于煤炭开采技术领域,具体涉及一种松软煤层易失稳钻孔防塌孔支护装置及方法,该装置包括多个支护单元,所述支护单元包括设置在钻孔内防护机构和用于支撑防护机构的支撑机构,所述防护机构包括上支护板、与上支护板对称设置的下支护板以及设置在上支护板与下支护板之间的多个复合支撑柱,所述支撑机构包括多个柔性气囊,多个所述柔性气囊通过通气管路连通。该装置的使用方法包括：连接支撑机构、连接防护机构、向钻孔中推送、连接风管并通气、拆除风管五个步骤。本发明通过在上下支护板之间设置柔性气囊,通过柔性气囊通气将上下支撑板撑开,利用复合支撑柱将上下支护板支撑,本发明容易传递、支护效果好,便于推广使用。(The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a loose and soft coal seam unstable drilling hole collapse prevention supporting device and method. The use method of the device comprises the following steps: connecting a supporting mechanism and a protection mechanism, pushing the drilling hole, connecting an air pipe, ventilating and removing the air pipe. According to the invention, the flexible air bag is arranged between the upper and lower support plates, the upper and lower support plates are opened through the ventilation of the flexible air bag, and the upper and lower support plates are supported by the composite support columns.)
1. The volatile and stable drilling hole collapse-preventing supporting device for the soft coal seam is characterized by comprising a plurality of supporting units, wherein each supporting unit comprises a protection mechanism arranged in a drilling hole (9) and a supporting mechanism used for supporting the protection mechanism, each protection mechanism comprises an upper protection plate (1-1), a lower protection plate (1-2) symmetrically arranged with the upper protection plate (1-1) and a plurality of composite supporting columns (8) arranged between the upper protection plate (1-1) and the lower protection plate (1-2), an upper groove is formed in the upper protection plate (1-1), a lower groove symmetrical with the upper groove is formed in the lower protection plate (1-2), one end of each composite supporting column (8) is hinged to a hinged support in the upper groove, and the other end of each composite supporting column is hinged to a hinged support in the lower groove;
the supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of flexible air bags (6), and the flexible air bags (6) are communicated through a ventilation pipeline (7).
2. The volatile and stable drilling hole collapse prevention hole supporting device for the soft coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the upper protection plate (1-1) and the lower protection plate (1-2) are of semi-arc structures, and a plurality of ventilation holes (2) are formed in the upper protection plate (1-1) and the lower protection plate (1-2).
3. The volatile and stable drilling hole collapse prevention supporting device for the soft coal seam according to claim 1, wherein the composite supporting column (8) comprises an upper supporting column (8-1), a spring supporting column (8-3), a rotating part and a lower supporting column (8-7) which are sequentially connected, a second spring (8-2) is sleeved on the spring supporting column (8-3), a sleeve (8-4) is arranged at the lower part of the second spring (8-2) and positioned on the outer side of the spring supporting column (8-3), and one end, away from the second spring (8-2), of the sleeve (8-4) extends to the lower supporting column (8-7).
4. The volatile and stable drilling and hole collapse prevention support device for the soft coal seam according to claim 3, wherein the rotating member comprises an upper rotating end (8-5) hinged with the spring supporting column (8-3) and a lower rotating end (8-6) hinged with the lower supporting column (8-7), and the upper rotating end (8-5) is fixedly connected with the lower rotating end (8-6).
5. The volatile and stable drilling and hole collapse prevention supporting device for the soft coal seam according to claim 4, wherein the lower supporting columns (8-7) comprise a first lower supporting column and a second lower supporting column fixedly connected with the first lower supporting column, the diameter of the first lower supporting column is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing pipe (8-4), and the first lower supporting column is hinged with the rotating piece.
6. The volatile and stable drilling hole collapse prevention supporting device for the soft coal seam according to claim 1, wherein one end of the upper protection plate (1-1) and one end of the lower protection plate (1-2) are provided with connecting holes (5), the other end of the upper protection plate and the lower protection plate are provided with inserting strips (3) matched with the connecting holes (5), one end, far away from the upper protection plate (1-1) and one end, far away from the lower protection plate (1-2), of each inserting strip (3) is provided with a buckle (4), and a clamping groove matched with the buckle (4) is formed in each connecting hole (5).
7. The volatile and stable drilling and collapse preventing support device for the soft coal seam according to claim 6, wherein the number of the buckles (4) is multiple, the multiple buckles (4) comprise triangular telescopic heads (4-1) and first springs (4-3) for supporting the triangular telescopic heads (4-1), the first springs (4-3) are arranged in buckle grooves (4-4), partition plates (4-2) are arranged at the bottoms of the buckle grooves (4-4), the number of the first springs (4-3) is multiple, one ends of the multiple first springs (4-3) are connected with the bottoms of the buckle grooves (4-4), and the other ends of the multiple first springs are connected with the bottoms of the triangular telescopic heads (4-1).
8. A method for using the volatile stable drilling hole collapse prevention hole supporting device for the soft coal seam according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting a supporting mechanism: one end of the vent pipeline (7) of the first support unit is sealed by a plug, and the other end of the vent pipeline (7) of the first support unit is connected with one end of the vent pipeline (7) of the second support unit;
step two, connecting a protection mechanism: the cutting (3) of the second supporting unit is completely sent into the connecting hole (5) of the first supporting unit, and the buckle (4) is popped out of the clamping groove to be locked;
step three, pushing into a drill hole: pushing the connected supporting units into the drill hole (9), respectively connecting the supporting mechanism and the protecting mechanism of the nth supporting unit according to the methods of the first step and the second step, and continuously pushing the supporting units and the protecting mechanism into the hole until the device completely extends into the bottom of the drill hole (9), wherein n is a positive integer greater than 2;
step four, connecting an air pipe and ventilating: an air valve (12) and a pressure gauge (10) are respectively connected to the air duct (7) on the outermost side in the drill hole (9), the air duct (7) is communicated with an underground air pipe (11), the air valve (12) is opened until the protection mechanism is propped open by the supporting mechanism and the reading of the pressure gauge (10) is stable;
step five, dismantling the air pipe: the air valve (12) is closed, and the air valve (12) connected with the air pipeline (7), the pressure gauge (10) and the underground air pipe (11) are disconnected.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a collapse-proof hole supporting device and method for a loose coal seam unstable drilling hole.
Background
Coal mining conditions in most domestic areas are severe, mining depth is large, gas content in coal seams is high, pressure is large, coal seam air permeability is low, geological structure conditions are complex, gas accidents are easy to generate, and the prevention of the gas accidents is reduced, so that the problem to be solved urgently in the field of coal mine safety is solved. At present, the most common method for extracting gas in China is to pre-extract the gas in a coal seam of a mining working face in advance by using a drill hole, and the most common gas extraction mode is comprehensive gas drainage. Because the coal body is softer in the high-gas soft coal bed, the phenomenon of hole collapse is easy to occur after the long-distance directional drilling is performed, the drilling hole is blocked or even scrapped, the efficient extraction of underground gas is seriously restricted, and the safe production of a mine is influenced. In order to prevent and treat hole collapse phenomena of drill holes in different coal seams, different working surfaces and different stress environments, innovation and upgrading of hole collapse prevention and treatment technologies and methods are very important. The traditional hole collapse prevention and control method usually adopts a screen pipe descending method, and due to the fact that a reserved space between the screen pipe and a hole wall is small, delivery difficulty is high, the screen pipe is often difficult to deliver to a target position, and the screen pipe has the problems that design strength is not enough and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device and a method for supporting a loose coal seam unstable borehole and preventing hole collapse, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the support device for preventing collapse of volatile and stable drill holes of the soft coal seam is characterized by comprising a plurality of support units, wherein each support unit comprises a protection mechanism arranged in each drill hole and a support mechanism used for supporting the protection mechanism, each protection mechanism comprises an upper protection plate, a lower protection plate and a plurality of composite support columns, the lower protection plates are symmetrically arranged with the upper protection plate, the composite support columns are arranged between the upper protection plate and the lower protection plate, each upper protection plate is provided with an upper groove, each lower protection plate is provided with a lower groove, one end of each composite support column is hinged to a hinged support in the upper groove, and the other end of each composite support column is hinged to a hinged support in the lower groove;
the supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of flexible air bags which are communicated through a ventilation pipeline.
The volatile stable drilling anti-collapse hole supporting device for the soft coal seam is characterized in that the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate are of semi-arc structures, and a plurality of air holes are formed in the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate.
Foretell steady drilling of soft coal seam volatile hole support device that collapses, its characterized in that, the compound support column is including last support column, spring support column, rotation piece and the lower prop that connects gradually, the cover is equipped with the second spring on the spring support column, the lower part of second spring and the outside that is located the spring support column are provided with the sleeve pipe, the one end that the second spring was kept away from to the sleeve pipe extends to the lower prop on.
The volatile and stable drilling anti-collapse hole supporting device for the soft coal seam is characterized in that the rotating piece comprises an upper rotating end and a lower rotating end, the upper rotating end is hinged to the spring supporting column, the lower rotating end is hinged to the lower supporting column, and the upper rotating end and the lower rotating end are fixedly connected.
The volatile and stable drilling and hole collapse prevention supporting device for the soft coal seam is characterized in that the lower supporting columns comprise first lower supporting columns and second lower supporting columns fixedly connected with the first lower supporting columns, the diameter of each first lower supporting column is smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding sleeve, and the first lower supporting columns are hinged to the rotating pieces.
The volatile stable drilling hole collapse-preventing supporting device for the soft coal seam is characterized in that one end of the upper supporting plate and one end of the lower supporting plate are provided with connecting holes, the other end of the upper supporting plate and the other end of the lower supporting plate are provided with inserting strips matched with the connecting holes, one ends, far away from the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate, of the inserting strips are provided with buckles, and clamping grooves matched with the buckles are formed in the connecting holes.
The volatile stable drilling hole collapse-preventing supporting device for the soft coal seam is characterized in that the number of the buckles is multiple, the buckles comprise triangular telescopic heads and first springs used for supporting the triangular telescopic heads, the first springs are arranged in buckle grooves, partition plates are arranged at the bottoms of the buckle grooves, the number of the first springs is multiple, one end of each first spring is connected with the bottom of the corresponding buckle groove, and the other end of each first spring is connected with the bottom of the corresponding triangular telescopic head.
A method for utilizing a loose coal seam unstable drilling collapse-proof hole supporting device is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting a supporting mechanism: sealing one end of the vent pipeline of the first support unit by using a plug, and connecting the other end of the vent pipeline of the first support unit with one end of the vent pipeline of the second support unit;
step two, connecting a protection mechanism: the cutting of the second supporting unit is completely sent into the connecting hole of the first supporting unit, and the buckle is popped out of the clamping groove to be locked;
step three, pushing into a drill hole: the connected supporting units are pushed into the drill hole, the supporting mechanism and the protecting mechanism of the nth supporting unit are respectively connected according to the method of the first step and the method of the second step, and the supporting units and the protecting mechanism are continuously pushed into the hole until the device completely extends into the bottom of the drill hole, wherein n is a positive integer larger than 2;
step four, connecting an air pipe and ventilating: an air valve and a pressure gauge are respectively connected to the air pipe on the outermost side in the drilled hole, the air valve is communicated with the underground air pipe, and the air valve is opened until the protection mechanism is propped open by the supporting mechanism and the reading of the pressure gauge is stable;
step five, dismantling the air pipe: and (5) turning off the air valve, and disconnecting the air valve, the pressure gauge and the underground air pipe which are connected with the air pipeline.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the support device in an uninflated state extends into the drill hole, and enough space is reserved between the support plate and the inner wall of the drill hole, so that the device can be conveniently delivered into the hole;
2. according to the invention, the flexible air bag is arranged between the upper support guard plate and the lower support guard plate, the flexible air bag is inflated to expand the whole device, so that the support guard plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the drill hole, the experimental device is simple to operate, and gas is selected as a power source, so that the experimental device is safe and clean;
3. according to the invention, the upper and lower support plates are opened by ventilating and expanding the flexible air bag, and the upper and lower support plates drive the composite support column to stretch and support, so that the support in the gas extraction drill hole can be realized, the support effect of the drill hole is improved, the operation is simple, and the practicability is strong;
4. the invention realizes the combined connection of a plurality of groups of devices by the tight combination of the inserting strips and the connecting holes, realizes the fixation of the inserting strips in the connecting holes by the buckles, can adjust the length according to the actual requirement, and has convenient operation, strong practicability and convenient popularization and use.
In conclusion, the flexible air bags are arranged between the upper and lower support plates, the upper and lower support plates are unfolded through the ventilation of the flexible air bags, and the upper and lower support plates are supported by the composite support columns.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the support unit of the present invention after inflation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the support unit of the present invention before inflation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the composite support post and the support guard plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the buckle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the composite support post of the present invention;
figure 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the invention in a borehole prior to inflation.
Wherein, 1-upper support guard plate in the figure; 1-2-lower supporting plate; 2, air holes; 3, cutting; 4, buckling; 4-1-a triangular telescopic head; 4-2-a separator; 4-3 — a first spring; 4-snap groove; 5, connecting holes; 6-flexible air bag; 7-an air duct; 8-composite support columns; 8-1-upper support column; 8-2-second spring; 8-3-spring support columns; 8-4-sleeve; 8-5-upper rotating end; 8-6-lower rotation end; 8-7-lower support column; 9, drilling; 10-a pressure gauge; 11-underground air pipe; 12-gas valve.
Detailed Description
To further explain the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined object, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the volatile and stable drilling hole collapse prevention supporting device for the soft coal seam is characterized by comprising a plurality of supporting units, wherein each supporting unit comprises a protection mechanism arranged in a drilling hole 9 and a supporting mechanism used for supporting the protection mechanism, each protection mechanism comprises an upper protection plate 1-1, a lower protection plate 1-2 symmetrically arranged with the upper protection plate 1-1 and a plurality of composite supporting
the supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of flexible air bags 6, and the flexible air bags 6 are communicated through a ventilation pipeline 7.
The supporting plate comprises an upper supporting plate 1-1 and a lower supporting plate 1-2, an upper groove and a lower groove are symmetrical about a contact surface of the upper supporting plate 1-1 and the lower supporting plate 1-2, preferably, the upper groove and the lower groove are formed on contact surfaces of two ends of the upper supporting plate 1-1 and the lower supporting plate 1-2, when the upper supporting plate 1-1 and the lower supporting plate 1-2 are in an unventilated state, the upper supporting plate 1-1 and the lower supporting plate 1-2 are attached to form a channel, and the composite supporting
The upper guard plate 1-1 and the lower guard plate 1-2 are both in a semi-arc structure, and a plurality of air holes 2 are formed in the upper guard plate 1-1 and the lower guard plate 1-2.
It should be noted that, the plurality of ventilation holes 2 on the upper guard plate 1-1 and the lower guard plate 1-2 are used for permeation and release of gas in the soft coal seam, and compared with the mode of drilling only in the soft coal seam in the prior art, the device of the invention does not collapse due to long-distance directional drilling, can effectively promote release and extraction of gas in the coal seam, and has good use effect.
As shown in fig. 5, the
The rotating piece comprises an upper rotating end 8-5 hinged with the spring supporting column 8-3 and a lower rotating end 8-6 hinged with the lower supporting column 8-7, and the upper rotating end 8-5 is fixedly connected with the lower rotating end 8-6.
It should be noted that one end of the second spring 8-2 can abut against the upper support column 8-1, and the other end can abut against the sleeve 8-4.
The lower support columns 8-7 comprise first lower support columns and second lower support columns fixedly connected with the first lower support columns, the diameters of the first lower support columns are smaller than the inner diameters of the sleeves 8-4, and the first lower support columns are hinged to the rotating pieces.
It should be noted that the spring support column 8-3, the rotating member and the first lower support column can be all sleeved in the sleeve 8-4, one end of the sleeve 8-4 far away from the second spring 8-2 is supported on the second lower support column, the upper support column 8-1 is provided with a first connecting member hinged to the upper groove of the upper support guard plate 1-1, the lower support column 8-7 is provided with a second connecting member hinged to the lower groove of the lower support guard plate 1-2, the upper groove of the upper support guard plate 1-1 is provided with a hinged support matched with the first connecting member, and the lower groove of the lower support guard plate 1-2 is provided with a hinged support matched with the second connecting member.
As shown in fig. 1, one end of the upper protection plate 1-1 and the lower protection plate 1-2 is provided with a connecting hole 5, the other end is provided with an
As shown in fig. 4, the number of the buckles 4 is plural, the plural buckles 4 include a triangular telescopic head 4-1 and a first spring 4-3 for supporting the triangular telescopic head 4-1, the first spring 4-3 is disposed in a buckle groove 4-4, a partition plate 4-2 is disposed at the bottom of the buckle groove 4-4, the number of the first springs 4-3 is plural, the plural first springs 4-3 are disposed in the buckle groove 4-4, one end of the plural first springs 4-3 is connected with the bottom of the buckle groove 4-4, and the other end is connected with the triangular telescopic head 4-1.
As shown in fig. 6, a method for using the volatile and stable drilling and collapse-proof hole supporting device for the soft coal seam is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting a supporting mechanism: one end of the vent pipeline 7 of the first support unit is sealed by a plug, and the other end of the vent pipeline 7 of the first support unit is connected with one end of the vent pipeline 7 of the second support unit;
step two, connecting a protection mechanism: the
step three, pushing into a drill hole: pushing the connected supporting units into the drill hole 9, respectively connecting the supporting mechanism and the protecting mechanism of the nth supporting unit according to the methods of the first step and the second step, and continuously pushing the supporting units and the protecting mechanism into the hole until the device completely extends into the bottom of the drill hole 9, wherein n is a positive integer greater than 2;
step four, connecting an air pipe and ventilating: an air valve 12 and a pressure gauge 10 are respectively connected to the air duct 7 on the outermost side in the drill hole 9, the air duct 7 is communicated with an underground air duct 11, the air valve 12 is opened until the upper protection plate 1-1 and the lower protection plate 1-2 of the protection mechanism are supported by the flexible air bag 6 of the support mechanism, and the reading of the pressure gauge 10 is stable;
step five, dismantling the air pipe: the air valve 12 is closed, and the air valve 12 connected with the vent pipeline 7, the pressure gauge 10 and the underground air pipe 11 are disconnected.
It should be noted that when the device is used, the mode of conveying while connecting is adopted, the ventilation pipelines 7 in the two supporting units are connected, then the upper protection plates 1-1 of the two supporting units are connected, and the lower protection plates 1-2 of the two supporting units are connected, at this time, as shown in fig. 3, the composite supporting
According to the invention, the support device in an uninflated state extends into the drill hole, and enough space is reserved between the support plate and the inner wall of the drill hole, so that the device can be conveniently delivered into the hole; according to the invention, the flexible air bag is arranged between the upper support guard plate and the lower support guard plate, the flexible air bag is inflated to expand the whole device, so that the support guard plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the drill hole, the experimental device is simple to operate, and gas is selected as a power source, so that the experimental device is safe and clean; according to the invention, the upper and lower support plates are opened by ventilating and expanding the flexible air bag, and the upper and lower support plates drive the composite support column to stretch and support, so that the support in the gas extraction drill hole can be realized, the support effect of the drill hole is improved, the operation is simple, and the practicability is strong; the invention realizes the combined connection of a plurality of groups of devices by the tight combination of the inserting strips and the connecting holes, realizes the fixation of the inserting strips in the connecting holes by the buckles, can adjust the length according to the actual requirement, and has convenient operation, strong practicability and convenient popularization and use.
In conclusion, the flexible air bags are arranged between the upper and lower support plates, the upper and lower support plates are unfolded through the ventilation of the flexible air bags, and the upper and lower support plates are supported by the composite support columns.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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