阅读说明：本技术 一种生物农药及其制备方法 (Biological pesticide and preparation method thereof ) 是由 吴锁章 陈俊峰 杜焕涛 于 2020-07-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种生物农药及其制备方法,属于生物农药技术领域。一种生物农药,主要包括以下原料：萝卜叶；培养土；蛋壳；苦檀子；地瓜子；落花生；水；一种生物农药的制备方法,主要包括以下步骤：将落花生剥离成花生叶、花生壳、花生仁；将萝卜叶、花生叶、花生仁进行粉碎操作,放入发酵罐后加入水发酵,发酵后取上层清液为第一发酵液以作备用；将蛋壳、花生壳进行粉碎操作,放入发酵罐后加入水发酵,发酵后取上层清液为第二发酵液以作备用；本发明通过在生物农药中加入落花生、萝卜叶、蛋壳,能够有效的促进油菜的发芽率及油菜的生长,通过加入苦檀子、地瓜子,苦檀子、地瓜子中的鱼藤酮能够有效抑制虫卵的孵化,大大降低蚜虫对油菜的危害。(The invention discloses a biological pesticide and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of biological pesticides. A biological pesticide mainly comprises the following raw materials: radish leaves; cultivating soil; an egg shell; seed of bitter sandalwood; seeds of sweet potato; peanut; water; a preparation method of biological pesticide mainly comprises the following steps: peeling peanut into peanut leaves, peanut shells and peanut kernels; crushing radish leaves, peanut leaves and peanut kernels, putting the crushed radish leaves, peanut leaves and peanut kernels into a fermentation tank, adding water for fermentation, and taking supernatant liquid as first fermentation liquid for later use after fermentation; crushing the eggshells and the peanut shells, putting the crushed eggshells and the peanut shells into a fermentation tank, adding water for fermentation, and taking supernatant liquid after fermentation as second fermentation liquid for later use; according to the invention, the groundnut, radish leaves and eggshells are added into the biopesticide, so that the germination rate of rape and the growth of rape can be effectively promoted, and through adding the bitter sandalwood seeds and the sweet potato seeds, the rotenone in the bitter sandalwood seeds and the sweet potato seeds can effectively inhibit the hatching of worm eggs, and the damage of aphids to rape is greatly reduced.)

1. The biological pesticide is characterized by mainly comprising the following raw materials:

radish leaves;

cultivating soil;

an egg shell;

seed of bitter sandalwood;

seeds of sweet potato;

peanut;

and (3) water.

2. The biopesticide and the preparation method thereof according to claim 1 are characterized in that the raw materials are as follows according to the parts by weight:

20-30 parts of radish leaves;

50-80 parts of culture soil;

5-10 parts of eggshells;

1-10 parts of pterocarpus santalinus;

2-20 parts of sweet potato seeds;

15-30 parts of peanuts;

100 portions of water and 200 portions of water.

3. A process for the preparation of a biopesticide according to claims 1-2, essentially comprising the steps of:

s1: peeling peanut into peanut leaves, peanut shells and peanut kernels;

s2: crushing radish leaves, peanut leaves and peanut kernels, putting the crushed radish leaves, peanut leaves and peanut kernels into a fermentation tank, adding water for fermentation, and taking supernatant liquid as first fermentation liquid for later use after fermentation;

s3: crushing the eggshells and the peanut shells, putting the crushed eggshells and the peanut shells into a fermentation tank, adding water for fermentation, and taking supernatant liquid after fermentation as second fermentation liquid for later use;

s4: firstly, placing the sweet potato seeds into a chopping device for chopping, placing the chopped sweet potato seeds into the first fermentation liquid obtained in the step S2 for soaking, and filtering the sweet potato seeds after soaking to obtain a filtrate for later use;

s5: firstly, crushing the pterocarpus santalinus seeds, sieving the crushed pterocarpus santalinus seeds by using a sieve, taking the sieved pterocarpus santalinus seeds, soaking the sieved pterocarpus santalinus seeds in the second fermentation liquid obtained in the step S3, filtering the pterocarpus santalinus seeds after soaking, and taking a filtrate for later use;

s6: adding the culture soil and the filtrate obtained in the steps S4 and S5 into a fermentation tank for fermentation until no peculiar smell exists, and obtaining the biological pesticide.

4. The method for preparing biological pesticide according to claim 3, wherein the crushing operation in the steps S2, S3 and S5 is specifically as follows:

A. putting the raw materials into water, cleaning and drying;

B. putting the dried raw materials into a pulverizer for pulverizing;

C. sieving the crushed raw materials by a sieve with 100-200 meshes.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein the fermentation time of the fermentation tank in steps S2, S3 and S6 is 45-60 days.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein the fermentation temperature of the fermentation tank in the steps S2, S3 and S6 is 35-45 ℃.

7. The method for preparing a biopesticide according to claim 3, wherein the filtering operation in the steps S4, S5 is:

D. adding the soaked raw materials into a pressure filter for filtering.

8. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the peanut kernels in step S1 are subjected to a mildew treatment before the pulverization:

a. placing peanut kernel in a sealed environment with temperature of 30 deg.C and humidity of 90%, and standing for 3-4 days.

9. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the shredding device for shredding the sweet potato seeds in step S4 is a shredder.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biological pesticides, and particularly relates to a biological pesticide and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Biopesticides are agents that kill or inhibit agricultural pests using living organisms such as fungi, bacteria, insect viruses, transgenic organisms, natural enemies, etc., or metabolites thereof such as pheromones, auxins, naphthylacetic acid, etc.

The rape is one of crops, is called as Chinese cabbage, sow thistle, cruciferae and brassica plants, has dark green stem color, is like Chinese cabbage, belongs to cruciferae Chinese cabbage variety, has yellow flower, is rich in nutrition, has high content of vitamin C, and has the effects of reducing blood fat, detoxifying, relieving swelling, relaxing bowel, beautifying, protecting health and improving nectar.

In the process of rape growth, the aphids are often accompanied with the infestation of aphids, also called honey worms, greasy worms and the like, belong to the homoptera aphididae, are pests with piercing-sucking mouthparts, are often clustered at the parts of leaves, tender stems, flower buds, terminal buds and the like, pierce and suck sap, so that the leaves are shrunk, curled and deformed, and in severe cases, the branches and leaves are withered and even the whole plant dies, thereby reducing the yield of oil.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a biopesticide and a method for preparing the same, which solves the problems of the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a biological pesticide mainly comprises the following raw materials:

radish leaves;

cultivating soil;

an egg shell;

seed of bitter sandalwood;

seeds of sweet potato;

peanut;

and (3) water.

Preferably, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight:

20-30 parts of radish leaves;

50-80 parts of culture soil;

5-10 parts of eggshells;

1-10 parts of pterocarpus santalinus;

2-20 parts of sweet potato seeds;

15-30 parts of peanuts;

100 portions of water and 200 portions of water.

A preparation method of biological pesticide mainly comprises the following steps:

s1: peeling peanut into peanut leaves, peanut shells and peanut kernels;

s2: crushing radish leaves, peanut leaves and peanut kernels, putting the crushed radish leaves, peanut leaves and peanut kernels into a fermentation tank, adding water for fermentation, and taking supernatant liquid as first fermentation liquid for later use after fermentation;

s3: crushing the eggshells and the peanut shells, putting the crushed eggshells and the peanut shells into a fermentation tank, adding water for fermentation, and taking supernatant liquid after fermentation as second fermentation liquid for later use;

s4: firstly, placing the sweet potato seeds into a chopping device for chopping, placing the chopped sweet potato seeds into the first fermentation liquid obtained in the step S2 for soaking, and filtering the sweet potato seeds after soaking to obtain a filtrate for later use;

s5: firstly, crushing the pterocarpus santalinus seeds, sieving the crushed pterocarpus santalinus seeds by using a sieve, taking the sieved pterocarpus santalinus seeds, soaking the sieved pterocarpus santalinus seeds in the second fermentation liquid obtained in the step S3, filtering the pterocarpus santalinus seeds after soaking, and taking a filtrate for later use;

s6: adding the culture soil and the filtrate obtained in the steps S4 and S5 into a fermentation tank for fermentation until no peculiar smell exists, and obtaining the biological pesticide.

Preferably, the pulverization operations in steps S2, S3, and S5 are specifically:

A. putting the raw materials into water, cleaning and drying;

B. putting the dried raw materials into a pulverizer for pulverizing;

C. sieving the crushed raw materials by a sieve with 100-200 meshes.

Preferably, the fermentation time of the fermentors in steps S2, S3, S6 is 45-60 days.

Preferably, the fermentation temperature of the fermentation tank in the steps S2, S3 and S6 is 35-45 ℃.

Preferably, the filtering operations in steps S4, S5 are:

D. adding the soaked raw materials into a pressure filter for filtering.

Preferably, the peanut kernels in step S1 are subjected to a mold treatment prior to the grinding operation:

a. placing peanut kernel in a sealed environment with temperature of 30 deg.C and humidity of 90%, and standing for 3-4 days.

Preferably, the shredding device for shredding the sweet potato seeds in the step S4 is a shredder.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a biological pesticide and a preparation method thereof, and the biological pesticide has the following beneficial effects:

1. when the biological pesticide is prepared, the peanuts are peeled into peanut leaves, peanut shells and peanut kernels, and the peanut kernels are placed in a closed environment with the temperature of 30 ℃ and the humidity of 90% for 3-4 days, so that the peanut kernels are mildewed;

then putting the radish leaves into water to clean and dry; putting the dried raw materials into a pulverizer for pulverizing; sieving the crushed raw materials by a sieve of 150 meshes;

putting peanut leaves into water, cleaning and drying; putting the dried raw materials into a pulverizer for pulverizing; sieving the crushed raw materials by a sieve of 150 meshes;

putting the mildewed peanut kernels into water, cleaning and drying; putting the dried raw materials into a pulverizer for pulverizing; sieving the crushed raw materials by a sieve of 150 meshes;

putting the eggshells into water, cleaning and drying; putting the dried raw materials into a pulverizer for pulverizing; sieving the pulverized raw materials with 150 mesh sieve

Putting the peanut shells into water, cleaning and drying; putting the dried raw materials into a pulverizer for pulverizing; sieving the crushed raw materials by a sieve of 150 meshes;

putting the pterocarpus santalinus seeds into water, cleaning and drying; putting the dried raw materials into a pulverizer for pulverizing; sieving the crushed raw materials by a sieve of 150 meshes;

putting the radish leaves, the peanut leaves and the peanut kernels into a fermentation tank, adding water for fermentation at the fermentation temperature of 40 ℃ for 52 days, and taking supernatant liquid after fermentation as first fermentation liquid for later use;

putting the eggshells and the peanut shells into a fermentation tank, adding water for fermentation at 40 ℃ for 52 days, and taking supernatant as first fermentation liquid for later use;

placing the sweet potato seeds into a chopper for chopping, placing the chopped sweet potato seeds into a first fermentation solution for soaking, adding the sweet potato seeds into a filter for filtering after soaking is finished, and taking a filtrate for later use;

soaking the crushed pterocarpus santalinus in a second fermentation liquid, adding the pterocarpus santalinus into a filter after soaking, and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use;

finally, adding the culture soil and the filtrate after the operation into a fermentation tank for fermentation at the fermentation temperature of 40 ℃ for 52 days until no peculiar smell exists, and preparing the biological pesticide;

the radish leaves contain phosphorus and potassium elements, so that nutrients of soil can be supplemented, the peanut leaves and the radish leaves can absorb water in the soil and improve the humidity of the soil, and the peanut leaves and the radish leaves are natural organic fertilizers, contain a large amount of chlorophyll and can promote the growth of crops;

the eggshell and the peanut shell of the groundnut are added, the main component of the eggshell is calcium carbonate, the pH value of soil can be effectively adjusted, the eggshell can be used as a phosphate fertilizer for growing, the peanut shell can be used as a potassium fertilizer and a nitrogen fertilizer, is a natural organic fertilizer, and can effectively promote the growth of crops;

through adding the wingceltis seed and the sweet potato seed, the sweet potato seed and the wingceltis seed both contain rotenone, aphid eggs in soil can be inhibited, and an electron transfer chain of aphid cells is inhibited, so that ATP levels in organisms are reduced, pests cannot be supplied with energy, and then the pests die slowly due to action retardation and paralysis, and meanwhile, the participating eggs in fermentation liquor can be inhibited, and plant diseases and insect pests of crops are effectively prevented.

The invention can effectively promote the germination rate of rape and the growth of rape by adding peanuts, radish leaves and eggshells into the biopesticide, and can effectively inhibit the hatching of ova by adding the pterocarpus santalinus and the sweet potato seeds and the rotenone in the pterocarpus santalinus and the sweet potato seeds, thereby greatly reducing the harm of aphids to the rape.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.