阅读说明：本技术 一种农作物秸秆烧结制品及其制备方法和应用 (Crop straw sintered product and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 柏昊仓 湛蒙 董斌 邵波 由佳 柏成刚 张卫飞 吕碧航 蒋生辉 于 2020-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种农作物秸秆烧结制品及其制备方法和应用,其原料组成按重量份计,包括：A、农作物秸秆1～10份；或者,秸秆碳化颗粒1～5份,B、渣土80～100份。该制备方法包括：对原料进行破碎；加水进行搅拌；将混合好的原料陈化72小时；对陈化好的原料采用真空挤出机挤出成型,挤出压力2.5～3.8Mpa,得到湿坯；干燥,得到干坯；焙烧,升温速度不超过200℃/小时,焙烧温度960～1020℃,保温30分钟,随炉冷却至室温,得到烧结制品。本发明通过农作物秸秆的加入,可替代传统燃料煤或煤矸石,减少了环境污染和资源浪费,又提高了农作物秸秆的利用率,尤其可以应用于烧结墙材行业,具有显著的经济效益和环保效益。(The invention provides a crop straw sintered product and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the crop straw sintered product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: A. 1-10 parts of crop straw; or 1-5 parts of straw carbonized particles, and 80-100 parts of B and muck. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing the raw materials; adding water and stirring; aging the mixed raw materials for 72 hours; extruding and molding the aged raw materials by using a vacuum extruder, wherein the extrusion pressure is 2.5-3.8 Mpa, and thus obtaining a wet blank; drying to obtain a dry blank; and (3) roasting at the temperature rising speed of not more than 200 ℃/h and the roasting temperature of 960-1020 ℃, preserving heat for 30 minutes, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a sintered product. The invention can replace the traditional fuel coal or coal gangue by adding the crop straws, reduce the environmental pollution and the resource waste, improve the utilization rate of the crop straws, particularly can be applied to the sintered wall material industry, and has obvious economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.)

1. A crop straw sintered product is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

A. 1-10 parts of crop straw; or 1-5 parts of straw carbonized particles;

B. 80-100 parts of muck.

2. The crop straw sintered product according to claim 1, wherein the crop straw sintered product comprises the following raw materials: A. 4 parts of straw carbonized particles; B. 100 parts of muck.

3. The crop straw sintered product according to claim 1, wherein the raw material composition further comprises: C. 5-20 parts of coal gangue.

4. The crop straw sintered product according to claim 3, wherein the crop straw sintered product comprises the following raw materials: A. 2 parts of straw carbonized particles; B. 16 parts of coal gangue; C. 82 parts of muck.

5. The preparation method of the crop straw sintered product as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:

1) crushing the raw materials;

2) adding water into the crushed raw materials, and stirring to uniformly mix the crushed raw materials;

3) aging the mixed raw materials for at least 72 hours;

4) extruding and molding the aged raw materials by using a vacuum extruder, wherein the extrusion pressure is 2.5-3.8 Mpa, and thus obtaining a wet blank;

5) naturally drying the formed wet blank for 20-30 hours, and then drying the wet blank for 6-9 hours in a drying box at the temperature of 100 +/-5 ℃ to obtain a dry blank;

6) and (3) feeding the dry blank into a kiln for roasting, wherein the heating rate is not more than 200 ℃/h, the roasting temperature is 960-1020 ℃, the temperature is kept for 30 minutes, and the dry blank is cooled to room temperature along with the kiln to obtain a sintered product.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step 1) is carried out by crushing with a hammer crusher or a roller crusher and passing through a drum screen to make the material particles less than or equal to 3 mm.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the mixing in step 2) is performed by stirring with an intensive stirrer or stirring with a disk kneader.

8. The preparation method of claim 5, wherein the straw carbonized particles are instead crushed and put into the high-temperature roasting area of the kiln by using a coal feeder in the step 6).

9. The preparation method of claim 5, wherein the vacuum extruder in the step 4) is a vacuum brick extruder, the diameter of a clay cylinder of the brick extruder is 150mm, the extrusion pressure is 2.6-2.8 MPa, and the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa.

10. The use of the sintered product of crop straw as claimed in claim 1 as a sintered wall material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sintered products, in particular to a crop straw sintered product and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

China is a large world agricultural country, crop straws generated every year exceed 9 hundred million tons, and in order to reduce environmental pollution and resource waste caused by direct burning of crops, the nation issues an opinion on accelerating the comprehensive utilization of the crop straws as early as 2008, and proposes to accelerate the solution of the resource waste and the environmental pollution caused by straw waste and illegal burning. Data show that under the positive support and promotion of policies, the comprehensive utilization effect of crop straws in China is obvious. At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of the straws exceeds 82 percent, the straw utilization modes are various, and the comprehensive utilization pattern mainly based on fertilizer utilization, stably promoting feed and fuel utilization, and supplementing base material and raw material is basically formed.

Nevertheless, nearly 2 hundred million tons of crop straws are burnt in place every year in China, which causes great resource waste and environmental pollution. In addition, due to the limitation of factors such as technology and capital, the straw recycling in China is beneficial to singleness and has low efficiency. Therefore, the biological straws are reasonably utilized to produce sintered products, the resource utilization of the agricultural straws is further accelerated, and national resources and energy sources can be saved.

The loss on ignition and chemical components of the crop straws are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1

Name of raw materials	Loss on ignition	SiO2	Al2O3	Fe2O3	CaO	MgO	SO3	TiO2	K2O	Na2O
											Wheat straw	92.60	2.93	0.15	0.09	0.40	0.13	0.16	0.01	1.60	0.03
Corn stalk	90.14	5.59	0.40	0.28	0.66	0.40	0.08	0.02	1.10	0.07

The calorific value of the crop straw is shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of waste utilization of crop straws and provides a crop straw sintered product and a preparation method of the product.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a crop straw sintered product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

A. 1-10 parts of crop straw; or 1-5 parts of straw carbonized particles;

B. 80-100 parts of muck.

Preferably, the raw materials comprise: A. 4 parts of straw carbonized particles; B. 100 parts of muck.

Preferably, the raw material composition further comprises: C. 5-20 parts of coal gangue.

Preferably, the raw materials comprise: A. 2 parts of straw carbonized particles; B. 16 parts of coal gangue; C. 82 parts of muck.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the crop straw sintered product, which comprises the following steps:

1) crushing the raw materials;

2) adding water into the crushed raw materials, and stirring to uniformly mix the crushed raw materials;

3) aging the mixed raw materials for at least 72 hours;

4) extruding and molding the aged raw materials by using a vacuum extruder, wherein the extrusion pressure is 2.5-3.8 Mpa, and thus obtaining a wet blank;

5) naturally drying the formed wet blank for 20-30 hours, and then drying the wet blank for 6-9 hours in a drying box at the temperature of 100 +/-5 ℃ to obtain a dry blank;

6) and (3) feeding the dry blank into a kiln for roasting, wherein the heating rate is not more than 200 ℃/h, the roasting temperature is 960-1020 ℃, the temperature is kept for 30 minutes, and the dry blank is cooled to room temperature along with the kiln to obtain a sintered product.

Preferably, the step 1) adopts a hammer crusher or a roller crusher to crush, and the raw material particles pass through a drum screen to be less than or equal to 3 mm.

Preferably, the mixing mode in the step 2) adopts a powerful stirrer for stirring or a disk kneader for stirring.

Preferably, the straw carbonized particles are crushed by a coal feeder and fed into the high-temperature roasting area of the kiln in the step 6).

Preferably, the vacuum extruder in the step 4) adopts a vacuum brick extruder, the diameter of a clay cylinder of the brick extruder is 150mm, the extrusion pressure is 2.6-2.8 MPa, and the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa.

The invention also provides an application of the crop straw sintered product as a sintered wall material.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method comprises the steps of crushing and uniformly mixing different types of crop straws, using the crushed straws as an internal blending fuel for blending, using the crushed straws as an auxiliary fuel for external feeding, preparing the straws into carbonized particles for internal blending or external feeding, mechanically crushing main raw materials such as coal gangue, muck and the like, proportioning the raw materials according to heat requirements, adding water, stirring, aging, forming, drying and roasting to obtain a sintered product. In the preparation method, the calorific value of the mixed material is 290340 Kcal/kg.

The invention can replace the traditional fuel coal or coal gangue by adding the crop straws (or the carbonized particles thereof), thereby reducing the environmental pollution and the resource waste and improving the utilization rate of the crop straws.

The invention can be particularly applied to the sintered wall material industry and has obvious economic benefit and environmental protection benefit.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The invention will now be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.