阅读说明：本技术 一种坚固岩体机械大直径扩底施工工法 (Large-diameter bottom expanding construction method for firm rock mass machinery ) 是由 陈崇凯 于 2020-07-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种坚固岩体机械大直径扩底施工工法,涉及桩基施工技术领域,包括：开始,计算施工时间,编织进度计划；进行施工准备,施工材料、施工人员和施工机械进场；进行测量放线；进行机械钻孔；进行切割扩底；进行终孔检查；进行一次清孔；进行钢筋笼加工检验；进行吊放桩基础钢筋笼；进行安设导管；进行吊放钢护筒；进行二次清孔；进行灌注混凝土；进行混凝土质量检查；进行超声波检测；结束施工,检验验收。该坚固岩体机械大直径扩底施工工法,具有减小硬质岩体扩孔难度,提高桩端承载力,并且节约了入岩深度和桩身长度,节约施工成本的优点,解决了硬质岩体扩孔难度大,施工效率较低,操作复杂,导致施工困难的问题。(The invention discloses a large-diameter bottom expanding construction method for firm rock machinery, which relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction and comprises the following steps: calculating construction time and weaving progress plan; construction preparation is carried out, and construction materials, constructors and construction machinery enter a field; carrying out measurement paying-off; performing mechanical drilling; carrying out cutting and bottom expanding; carrying out final hole inspection; cleaning the hole for the first time; carrying out processing inspection on the reinforcement cage; hoisting the pile foundation reinforcement cage; installing a guide pipe; hoisting the steel casing; carrying out secondary hole cleaning; pouring concrete; carrying out concrete quality inspection; carrying out ultrasonic detection; and finishing construction, and checking and accepting. The large-diameter bottom expanding construction method for the firm rock mass machinery has the advantages of reducing the hard rock mass hole expanding difficulty, improving the bearing capacity of the pile end, saving the rock entering depth and the pile body length, saving the construction cost, and solving the problems of large hard rock mass hole expanding difficulty, low construction efficiency, complex operation and construction difficulty.)

1. A large-diameter bottom expanding construction method for a firm rock body machine is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, starting, calculating construction time and weaving progress plan;

s2, construction preparation is carried out, and construction materials, constructors and construction machinery enter a field;

s3, carrying out measurement paying-off;

s4, performing mechanical drilling;

s5, cutting and bottom expanding;

s6, carrying out final hole inspection;

s7, primary hole cleaning is carried out;

s8, carrying out reinforcement cage processing inspection;

s9, hoisting the pile foundation reinforcement cage;

s10, installing a guide pipe;

s11, hanging the steel casing;

s12, secondary hole cleaning is carried out;

s13, pouring concrete;

s14, carrying out concrete quality inspection;

s15, carrying out ultrasonic detection;

and S16, finishing construction, and checking and accepting.

2. The mechanical large-diameter bottom-expanding construction method for the firm rock body according to claim 1, characterized in that: and S2, carrying out construction preparation, wherein the construction preparation comprises site leveling and tamping, positioning of constructors, configuration of bored pile construction machines, approach preparation of self-designed full-hydraulic bag type bottom expanding drill bits and other materials, and the like.

3. The mechanical large-diameter bottom-expanding construction method for the firm rock body according to claim 1, characterized in that: and S3, performing measurement and setting-out, wherein the measurement preparation work comprises the steps of positioning measurement personnel, calculating and rechecking data of coordinates and elevations of the measurement instrument and the middle pile, arranging control points, conducting wire encryption measurement, leveling measurement and the like.

4. The mechanical large-diameter bottom-expanding construction method for the firm rock body according to claim 1, characterized in that: s4, mechanical drilling is carried out, extension mechanical drilling and mud wall protection are adopted, high-plasticity cohesive soil or bentonite is selected for mud preparation, mud mix proportion design is carried out according to factors such as construction machinery and geological conditions before mud is mixed, performance indexes of prepared mud meet the standard requirements, the mud surface of a casing during construction is higher than the underground water level by 1.0m, the performance indexes of hole bottom mud meet the standard requirements before concrete pouring, and drilling construction processes including drilling speed, drilling meter number, drilling rod verticality, hole forming depth and the like are strictly controlled according to the combination of geological conditions and actual conditions.

5. The mechanical large-diameter bottom-expanding construction method for the firm rock body according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of S5 cutting and bottom expanding, replacing a pressurizing bottom expanding drill bit after mechanical drilling is expanded to the designed depth, cutting and bottom expanding the hard rock (with the maximum rock axis compressive strength of 35Mpa) through a hydraulic alloy bottom expanding drill bit, increasing the diameter of the bottom expanding, expanding the diameter to 2500m at the maximum, effectively improving the bearing capacity of the pile end, solving the technical problem of hole expanding of the rock (with the maximum rock axis compressive strength of more than 35Mpa) with high hardness by using a full-hydraulic bag type bottom expanding drill bit, saving the rock-entering depth and the pile body length, and saving the construction cost.

6. The mechanical large-diameter bottom-expanding construction method for the firm rock body according to claim 1, characterized in that: and S7, primary hole cleaning is carried out twice, the time of primary sediment treatment is after final hole drilling is stopped, the main mode is that new slurry is injected into the bottom of the hole, the sediment slurry is replaced by the new slurry until the hole cleaning requirement is met, the time of secondary sediment treatment is before concrete pouring, an air lift liquid slag discharging method or a reverse circulation mode of an air suction pump is adopted, the sediment thickness and the slag content of flushing liquid at the bottom of the hole are observed in the hole cleaning process, the hole cleaning is stopped when the sediment thickness at the bottom of the hole meets the design requirement, the water level height in the hole is kept, and hole collapse accidents are prevented.

7. The mechanical large-diameter bottom-expanding construction method for the firm rock body according to claim 1, characterized in that: s9 hangs and puts pile foundation steel reinforcement cage, and the steel reinforcement cage is according to design and standard requirement ligature, and the cage body goes up the location muscle and sets up the position and want the accuracy to ensure the accuracy of steel reinforcement cage hand-hole location, after the preparation work is accomplished, slowly lift by crane the steel reinforcement cage, aim at the slow hand-hole in drill way, if the steel reinforcement cage hand-hole is not in the same direction, then can not force the hand-hole, with its back of proposing to maintain, hand-hole again, behind the steel reinforcement cage hand-hole, arrange the stake mouth in with the channel-section steel, suspend the steel reinforcement cage in midair, and the correction control steel reinforcement cage plane position.

8. The mechanical large-diameter bottom-expanding construction method for the firm rock body according to claim 1, characterized in that: s14, pouring concrete, wherein underwater concrete pouring is a main process of bored pile construction and is also a key influencing the quality of a pile body, sediment needs to be measured carefully before pouring, if the sediment exceeds the design requirement before concrete pouring, holes need to be cleaned again, the design requirement is met, the underwater concrete can be poured after being approved by a site supervision engineer, the concrete is conveyed to a small hopper by a concrete transport vehicle and poured underwater by a guide pipe, the concrete bottom sealing pouring is carried out by a waterproof bolt plug pulling method, namely, a ball bladder is arranged at the bottom of the hopper and the top opening of the guide pipe, a cover plate seals the opening of the guide pipe, the cover plate is hung on hoisting equipment by a steel wire rope, when the storage hopper is filled with the concrete, the cover plate is immediately lifted out, so that the pouring of the first batch of concrete is finished, after the first batch of concrete pouring is successful, the hopper is replaced by a small hopper of 1.0 cubic, and then the normal pouring stage is immediately carried out, until the whole pile is poured, the buried depth of the guide pipe is controlled to be 2-8m in the normal pouring stage, the elevation of the concrete surface is measured every 15-30 minutes, the number of the measuring points is 2, when a large height difference occurs at the measuring point, the buried depth of the guide pipe is adjusted in time, when the concrete pouring is nearly finished, the pouring quantity of the concrete is checked to determine whether the height of the measured concrete is accurate or not, stopping pouring after the top elevation of the concrete is determined to be in place, removing the pouring guide pipe in time, and ensuring the quality of the pile head concrete by ensuring that the concrete surface is not less than the designed pile top elevation by 0.8m when pouring is finished, in the process of pouring, the slurry in the hole displaced by the concrete is drained to other to-be-drilled protecting cylinders through the communicating pipe for recycling, and pumping the waste slurry of the water-containing slurry of the concrete poured to the pile top part to a slag discharging barge by a slurry pump, and conveying the waste slurry to a treatment site for treatment.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction, in particular to a large-diameter bottom expanding construction method for firm rock mass machinery.

Background

Pile foundation construction, which means the construction process of building foundation, the construction method of pile foundation is divided into two categories of precast pile and cast-in-place pile, the pile driving method is selected, except according to the engineering geological conditions, the type, section, length, site environment and design requirements of the pile are also considered, the construction of wooden pile by ramming with stone a flat stone with ropes attached at the sides has been used in ancient times, the length and diameter of the pile are increased, the stone a flat stone with ropes attached at the sides is gradually replaced by the drop hammer of pulling cast iron, along with the development of the building industry, in order to meet the needs of large pile foundation engineering, the pile foundation construction technology not only needs to increase the hammer weight and improve the lifting and hoisting operation process, but also needs to reduce the vibration noise and the pollution to the environment, the construction of some precast piles uses the drilling and driving combination process of pile sinking after drilling and soil taking, replaces the original methods of simple hammering and soil squeezing or soil squeezing, and the like, simultaneously, the hydraulic hammer, the 125 ton hammer and the 15 diesel hammer with large energy and no public hazard and more than 60 tons of impact body weight are, the construction of the cast-in-place pile is also advanced from the original slurry retaining wall and casing pipe hole forming to the full casing pipe construction without noise, pollution discharge and soil squeezing, and the construction method and the drilling requirement are generally constructed through the underground geological condition and the drawing requirement.

At present, under the geological condition that bedrock is taken as a bearing stratum, high-rise and super high-rise building engineering with extremely large load on the upper part is generally adopted to increase the pile diameter or the length of a pile body to improve the bearing capacity of a single pile in order to ensure that the bearing capacity of a foundation is not exceeded, but the lengthening and the increasing of the diameter of the pile body inevitably lead to the huge increase of the consumption of concrete, and simultaneously, the abrasion to the drill bit is also great, and when the ratio of the length to the diameter of the pile body is overlarge, the bearing capacity of the pile body is obviously reduced, so that a hard rock body needs to be cut and expanded to enlarge the diameter of the expanded bottom and improve the bearing capacity of the pile end, but the construction process of the existing long spiral expanded-bottom cast-in-place pile needs a plurality of tools to be cooperated for completion, the hard rock mass is high in hole expansion difficulty, low in construction efficiency and complex in operation, so that construction is difficult, and therefore a large-diameter bottom expanding construction method for firm rock mass machinery is provided to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art, and provides a firm rock mass mechanical large-diameter bottom expanding construction method which has the advantages of reducing the hole expanding difficulty of hard rock masses, improving the bearing capacity of pile ends, saving the rock-entering depth and the pile body length, saving the construction cost, and solving the problems of large hole expanding difficulty of hard rock masses, lower construction efficiency and complicated operation, which cause construction difficulty.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a large-diameter bottom expanding construction method for a firm rock body machine comprises the following steps: calculating construction time and weaving progress plan; construction preparation is carried out, and construction materials, constructors and construction machinery enter a field; carrying out measurement paying-off; performing mechanical drilling; carrying out cutting and bottom expanding; carrying out final hole inspection; cleaning the hole for the first time; carrying out processing inspection on the reinforcement cage; hoisting the pile foundation reinforcement cage; installing a guide pipe; hoisting the steel casing; carrying out secondary hole cleaning; pouring concrete; carrying out concrete quality inspection; carrying out ultrasonic detection; and finishing construction, and checking and accepting.

Further, the construction preparation work comprises site leveling and tamping, in-place construction personnel, configuration of a bored pile construction machine, entry preparation of self-designed full-hydraulic bag type bottom expanding drill bit and other materials, and the like.

Furthermore, the measurement setting-out and measurement preparation work comprises the steps of positioning measurement personnel, calculating and rechecking data of coordinates of the measurement instrument and the middle pile, elevation, layout of control points, wire encryption measurement, leveling measurement and the like.

Further, mechanical drilling is carried out, extension mechanical drilling and mud wall protection are adopted, high-plasticity cohesive soil or bentonite is selected for mud preparation, mud mixing proportion design is carried out according to factors such as construction machinery and geological conditions before mud is mixed, performance indexes of prepared mud meet the standard requirement, the mud surface of a casing during construction is 1.0m higher than the underground water level, the performance indexes of hole bottom mud meet the standard requirement before concrete pouring, and drilling construction processes including drilling speed, drilling meter number, drilling rod verticality, drilling depth and the like are strictly controlled according to the geological conditions and the actual hole forming conditions.

Furthermore, after the bottom is cut and expanded, mechanical drilling is expanded to the designed depth, a pressurizing bottom expanding drill bit is replaced, a hard rock body (with the maximum rock body axis compressive strength of 35MPa) is cut and expanded through a hydraulic alloy bottom expanding drill bit, the bottom expanding diameter is increased, the maximum diameter is expanded by 2500m, the bearing capacity of a pile end is effectively improved, the technical problem of hole expansion of a rock body (with the maximum rock body axis compressive strength of more than 35MPa) with high hardness is solved by using the full-hydraulic bag type bottom expanding drill bit, the rock entering depth and the pile body length are saved, and the construction cost is saved.

Further, the primary hole cleaning is carried out twice, the time of primary sediment treatment is after the drilling of the final hole is stopped, the main mode is that new slurry is injected into the bottom of the hole, the sediment slurry is replaced by the new slurry until the hole cleaning requirement is met, the time of secondary sediment treatment is before concrete is poured, an air lift liquid slag discharging method or a reverse circulation mode of an air suction pump is adopted, the sediment thickness of the bottom of the hole and the slag content of flushing liquid are observed in the hole cleaning process, the hole cleaning is stopped when the sediment thickness of the bottom of the hole meets the design requirement, the water level height in the hole is kept, and the hole collapse accident is prevented.

Further, hang pile foundation steel reinforcement cage, steel reinforcement cage requires the ligature according to design and standard, and the location muscle sets up the position and will be accurate on the cage body to ensure the accuracy of steel reinforcement cage hand-hole location, after the preparation work is accomplished, slowly lift by crane steel reinforcement cage, aim at the slow hand-hole in drill way, if the steel reinforcement cage hand-hole is not in the same direction, then can not force the hand-hole, with its back of proposing to maintain, hand-hole again, behind the steel reinforcement cage hand-hole, arrange the stake mouth in with the channel-section steel, suspend the steel reinforcement cage in midair, and the correction control steel reinforcement cage plane position, cage top elevation and straightness that hangs down.

Further, the concrete pouring is carried out, the underwater concrete pouring is a main process of the construction of the bored pile and is also a key influencing the quality of a pile body, the sediment needs to be carefully measured before the pouring, if the sediment exceeds the design requirement before the concrete pouring, the hole needs to be cleaned again, the underwater concrete can be poured after the design requirement is approved by a site supervision engineer, the concrete is conveyed to a small hopper by a concrete transport vehicle and is poured underwater through a guide pipe, the concrete bottom sealing pouring is carried out by adopting a waterproof bolt plug pulling method, namely, a ball bladder is arranged at the bottom of the hopper and the top opening of the guide pipe, then the cover plate seals the opening of the guide pipe, the cover plate is hung on hoisting equipment through a steel wire rope, when the storage hopper is filled with the concrete, the cover plate is immediately lifted out, the pouring of the first batch of concrete is finished, after the first batch of concrete is successfully poured, the hopper is replaced by a small hopper of 1.0 cubic, and then the normal pouring stage is immediately carried out, until the whole pile is poured, the buried depth of the guide pipe is controlled to be 2-8m in the normal pouring stage, the elevation of the concrete surface is measured every 15-30 minutes, the number of the measuring points is 2, when a large height difference occurs at the measuring point, the buried depth of the guide pipe is adjusted in time, when the concrete pouring is nearly finished, the pouring quantity of the concrete is checked to determine whether the height of the measured concrete is accurate or not, stopping pouring after the top elevation of the concrete is determined to be in place, removing the pouring guide pipe in time, and ensuring the quality of the pile head concrete by ensuring that the concrete surface is not less than the designed pile top elevation by 0.8m when pouring is finished, in the process of pouring, the slurry in the hole displaced by the concrete is drained to other to-be-drilled protecting cylinders through the communicating pipe for recycling, and pumping the waste slurry of the water-containing slurry of the concrete poured to the pile top part to a slag discharging barge by a slurry pump, and conveying the waste slurry to a treatment site for treatment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a large-diameter bottom expanding construction method for a firm rock body machine comprises the following steps: s1, calculating construction time and weaving progress plan; s2, construction preparation is carried out, construction materials, constructors and construction machinery enter the field, the construction preparation work comprises field leveling and tamping, the constructors are in place, the construction machines and tools of the bored pile are configured, and the materials such as the self-designed full hydraulic bag type bottom expanding drill bit enter the field for preparation; and S3, performing measurement and setting-out, wherein the measurement preparation work comprises the steps of positioning measurement personnel, calculating and rechecking data of coordinates and elevations of the measurement instrument and the middle pile, arranging control points, conducting wire encryption measurement, leveling measurement and the like.

S4, mechanical drilling is carried out, extension mechanical drilling and mud wall protection are adopted, high-plasticity cohesive soil or bentonite is selected for mud preparation, mud mix proportion design is carried out according to factors such as construction machinery and geological conditions before mud is mixed, performance indexes of prepared mud need to meet the standard requirements, the mud surface of a casing is higher than the underground water level by 1.0m during construction, the performance indexes of hole bottom mud need to meet the standard requirements before concrete pouring, and drilling construction processes including drilling speed, drilling meter number, drilling rod perpendicularity, hole forming depth and the like are strictly controlled according to the combination of geological conditions and actual conditions.

S5, cutting and bottom expanding are carried out, after a mechanical drilling hole is expanded to the designed depth, a pressurizing bottom expanding drill bit is replaced, a hard rock mass (with the maximum rock mass axis compressive strength of 35MPa) is cut and bottom expanded through a hydraulic alloy bottom expanding drill bit, the bottom expanding diameter is increased, the maximum diameter is expanded by 2500m, the bearing capacity of a pile end is effectively improved, the technical problem of hole expanding of a rock mass (with the maximum rock mass axis compressive strength of more than 35MPa) with high hardness is solved by using a full-hydraulic bag type bottom expanding drill bit, the rock entering depth and the pile body length are saved, and the construction cost is saved; s6 final hole inspection.

S7, primary hole cleaning is carried out twice, the time of primary sediment treatment is that after the drilling of a final hole is stopped, the main mode is that new slurry is injected into the bottom of the hole, the sediment slurry is replaced by the new slurry until the hole cleaning requirement is met, the time of secondary sediment treatment is that before concrete is poured, an air lift liquid deslagging method or a reverse circulation mode of an air suction pump is adopted, the sediment thickness and the slag content of flushing liquid at the bottom of the hole are observed in the hole cleaning process, the hole cleaning is stopped when the sediment thickness at the bottom of the hole meets the design requirement, the water level height in the hole is kept, and the hole collapse accident is prevented; s8, carrying out reinforcement cage processing inspection; s9, hoisting a pile foundation reinforcement cage, binding the reinforcement cage according to design and specification requirements, accurately setting the positioning rib on the cage body to ensure the accuracy of positioning the reinforcement cage in the hole, slowly hoisting the reinforcement cage by a crane after the preparation is finished, aligning the reinforcement cage with the hole opening, slowly entering the hole, if the reinforcement cage is not in proper order, forcibly entering the hole, lifting out the reinforcement cage for finishing, entering the hole again, placing channel steel at the pile opening after the reinforcement cage enters the hole, suspending the reinforcement cage, and correcting and controlling the plane position, the cage top elevation and the verticality of the reinforcement cage; s10, installing a guide pipe; s11, hanging the steel casing; s12, secondary hole cleaning is carried out; s13, pouring concrete.

S14, pouring concrete, wherein underwater concrete pouring is a main process of bored pile construction and is also a key for influencing the quality of a pile body, sediment needs to be carefully measured before pouring, if the sediment exceeds the design requirement before concrete pouring, holes need to be cleaned again, the design requirement is met, the underwater concrete can be poured after being approved by a site supervision engineer, the concrete is conveyed to a small hopper by a concrete transport vehicle and is poured underwater by a guide pipe, the concrete bottom sealing pouring is constructed by a waterproof bolt plug pulling method, namely, a ball bladder is arranged at the bottom of the hopper and the top opening of the guide pipe, a cover plate seals the opening of the guide pipe, the cover plate is hung on hoisting equipment by a steel wire rope, when the storage hopper is filled with the concrete, the cover plate is immediately lifted out, so that the first batch of concrete pouring is finished, after the first batch of concrete pouring is successful, the hopper is replaced by a small hopper of 1.0 cubic, and then the pouring stage is normally carried out, until the whole pile is poured, the buried depth of the guide pipe is controlled to be 2-8m in the normal pouring stage, the elevation of the concrete surface is measured every 15-30 minutes, the number of the measuring points is 2, when a large height difference occurs at the measuring point, the buried depth of the guide pipe is adjusted in time, when the concrete pouring is nearly finished, the pouring quantity of the concrete is checked to determine whether the height of the measured concrete is accurate or not, stopping pouring after the top elevation of the concrete is determined to be in place, removing the pouring guide pipe in time, and ensuring the quality of the pile head concrete by ensuring that the concrete surface is not less than the designed pile top elevation by 0.8m when pouring is finished, in the process of pouring, the slurry in the hole displaced by the concrete is drained to other to-be-drilled protecting cylinders through the communicating pipe for recycling, pumping the waste slurry of the water-bearing slurry of the concrete poured to the pile top part to a slag discharging barge by a slurry pump, and conveying the waste slurry to a treatment site for treatment; s15, carrying out ultrasonic detection; and S16, finishing construction, and checking and accepting.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a reference structure" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as "first," "second," and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.