阅读说明：本技术 一种可负压运行的全水润滑低噪声水液压轴向柱塞泵 (Full-water-lubrication low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump capable of running under negative pressure ) 是由 李小伟 刘万更 郭志恒 于 2020-07-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种可负压运行的全水润滑低噪声水液压轴向柱塞泵,涉及容积泵领域。该装置在配流盘上设置有节流阻尼孔,后端盖上设置有设定容积的与节流阻尼孔相连通的容腔,并增加了抗冲击阀组件及强制润滑结构,其中,抗冲击阀组件设置在缸体旋转组件上,通过抗冲击阀组件、柱塞填料、预压缩容腔等结构设置,大幅度降低水液压泵运行噪声,扩大了水液压轴向柱塞泵的应用范围；设置的强制润滑结构,将泵排水口高压水通过前后节流器引入泵远离进口的摩擦面进行充分润滑,避免了气蚀、干摩擦烧盘等情况出现。(A full-water lubrication low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump capable of running under negative pressure relates to the field of displacement pumps. The device is characterized in that a throttling damping hole is formed in a valve plate, a cavity with a set volume and communicated with the throttling damping hole is formed in a rear end cover, and an anti-impact valve assembly and a forced lubrication structure are added, wherein the anti-impact valve assembly is arranged on a cylinder body rotating assembly, and through structural arrangement of the anti-impact valve assembly, plunger packing, a pre-compression cavity and the like, the operation noise of the water hydraulic pump is greatly reduced, and the application range of the water hydraulic axial plunger pump is expanded; the forced lubrication structure is arranged, so that high-pressure water at the water outlet of the pump is introduced into the friction surface of the pump, which is far away from the inlet, through the front and rear throttlers to be fully lubricated, and the situations of cavitation, dry friction and disc burning and the like are avoided.)

1. A full-water lubrication low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump capable of running under negative pressure is characterized by comprising a rear end cover (1), a valve plate (2), a cylinder body rotating assembly (3), a shell (4), a sliding bearing (5), a plunger piston shoe assembly (6), a return plate (7), a swash plate (8), a front end cover (10) and a main shaft (11);

the rear end cover (1) and the front end cover (10) are respectively fixedly installed at two ends of a shell (4), a flow distribution plate (2), a cylinder body rotating assembly (3), a return plate (7) and a swash plate (8) are sequentially installed in the shell (4), the flow distribution plate (2) is fixedly installed on the rear end cover (1), a throttling damping hole (2-1) is formed in the flow distribution plate (2), a containing cavity (A) with a set volume is formed in the rear end cover (1), and the throttling damping hole (2-1) is communicated with the containing cavity (A); cylinder body rotating assembly (3) movable mounting is on the inner wall of casing (4), and plunger piston shoe subassembly (6) movable mounting is in cylinder body rotating assembly (3), and the terminal movable mounting of the globular plunger of plunger piston shoe subassembly (6) is on sloping cam plate (8), sloping cam plate (8) one end be connected with front end housing (10), the other end and the return stroke dish (7) of sloping cam plate (8) are connected, main shaft (11) movable mounting is on front end housing (10) to link to each other with cylinder body rotating assembly (3) transmission.

2. The negative-pressure operable, all-water lubricated, low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump of claim 1, wherein the plunger of the plunger shoe assembly (6) is of hollow metal construction and is internally filled with nylon.

3. The full water lubrication low noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump operable under negative pressure of claim 1, it is characterized by also comprising an anti-impact valve component, wherein the anti-impact valve component comprises a guide rod (12), an anti-impact valve core (13), an anti-impact valve spring (14) and an anti-impact valve throttling damper (15), a left anti-impact valve cavity and a right anti-impact valve cavity are positioned at two sides of the anti-impact valve core (13), the guide rod (12) is fixedly installed in an overflowing flow channel (3-1) of the cylinder body rotating assembly (3), the valve core (13) of the anti-impact valve is sleeved on the guide rod (12) to slide and is abutted against one end of an anti-impact valve spring (14), the other end of the anti-impact valve spring (14) is abutted against the inner wall of a cylinder hole of the cylinder body rotating assembly (3), and the anti-impact valve throttling damper (15) is fixedly installed at the joint of the right cavity of the anti-impact valve and the inner cavity of the cylinder body rotating assembly (3).

4. The full-water-lubrication low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump capable of operating under negative pressure according to claim 3, wherein the forced lubrication structure comprises a first overflowing channel (1-1) arranged on the rear end cover (1), a second overflowing channel (4-1) arranged on the shell (4), a third overflowing channel (10-1) arranged on the front end cover (10), a forced lubrication front throttle (16) and a forced lubrication rear throttle (17), the forced lubrication front throttle (16) is fixedly arranged on the shell (4), the forced lubrication rear throttle (17) is arranged on the front end cover (10), the first overflowing channel (1-1) and the second overflowing channel (4-1) are communicated with an inner cavity of the cylinder body rotating assembly (3) through the forced lubrication front throttle (16), and the first overflowing channel (1-1) is arranged on the front end cover (10), The second overflowing channel (4-1) is in sealed communication with the third overflowing channel (10-1) through a forced lubrication rear throttle (17).

5. The full water lubrication low noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump capable of operating under negative pressure as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the material of the guide rod (12) is stainless steel, nickel-copper alloy or titanium alloy, and the material of the impact resistant valve core (13) is engineering plastic PEEK or engineering plastic PTFE.

6. The negative-pressure operable, all-water lubricated, low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump of claim 3 or 4, wherein the left chamber of the shock resistant valve communicates with the plunger chamber of the plunger shoe assembly (6).

7. The full water-lubricated, low-noise water-hydraulic axial plunger pump operable at negative pressure according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the number of the anti-impact valve assemblies is the same as the number of the plunger shoe assemblies (6), and the plunger cavities of the plunger shoe assemblies (6) communicate with the corresponding anti-impact valve assemblies.

8. The negative-pressure operable, all-water lubricated, low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump of claim 7, wherein the number of plunger shoe assemblies (6) is an odd number.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of displacement pumps, in particular to a full-water-lubrication low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump capable of operating under negative pressure.

Background

In recent years, a water hydraulic transmission and control technology which directly uses water (filtered natural water, including seawater and fresh water) to replace mineral oil as a working medium has achieved breakthrough progress, and compared with the traditional oil hydraulic transmission, the water hydraulic transmission and control technology has the outstanding advantages of being environment-friendly, clean, efficient, convenient to use and maintain, low in operation cost and the like in wide engineering application. The water hydraulic transmission and control technology has been widely applied to the fields of high-pressure water atomization, seawater desalination, high-pressure water cleaning, stage driving and control, submersible buoyancy adjusting systems, ocean engineering and other transmission and control.

The water hydraulic axial plunger pump has the outstanding advantages of high rotating speed, high pressure, large flow, small flow pulsation, compact volume, light weight and the like, and becomes the most common water hydraulic pump in a water hydraulic transmission and control system. The water hydraulic axial plunger pump products reported on the market at present are all quantitative pumps, such as a series of seawater pumps from danfo corporation, a series of seawater pumps from waters hydralic corporation, uk, an axial plunger pump from Huazhong science and technology university, a pure water pump from Zhejiang university, a fresh water pump from Hubei Kenren science and technology Limited, and a water hydraulic pump from Wuxi Huaxin Kongchu science and technology Limited.

When the suction inlet of an axial plunger pump product using a working medium as a lubricating medium is under a negative pressure working condition, the lubricating medium of a pump cavity can be sucked empty, the air suction cannot be avoided even though the mechanical seal is adopted at the outlet end of a shaft, and after the air enters the cavity, the friction surface can be subjected to cavitation erosion, even dry friction sintering fails suddenly, and the like, so that serious faults are caused. This phenomenon is not so prominent in the case of an oil pressure axial plunger pump because of its excellent oil lubrication performance, but is particularly prominent in a water pump that directly uses water as a lubricating medium. The axial plunger water pump generally requires a positive pressure at the inlet, for example, the danish Danfoss series seawater pump specifically requires an inlet pressure of 5bar, and the water hydraulic pump of the wuxihua kechu science and technology limited requires positive pressure water intake. All satisfy the pump import requirement through setting up import moisturizing pump under the negative pressure operating mode for system application becomes comparatively complicated.

The noise is an expression form of energy loss, the noise directly influences the surrounding working environment, the general noise value of a water hydraulic pump using water as a lubricating medium is 85-90dB (A), the noise is difficult to bear by people working for a long time under the working condition, and the noise also becomes an obstacle directly influencing the development and application of the water hydraulic technology. Meanwhile, if the person is on duty in a pump room of a certain hydraulic drive stage project for a long time, the hearing of the person is reduced, and other occupational diseases even occur.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a full-water lubrication low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump capable of running under negative pressure.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a full water lubrication low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump capable of operating under negative pressure is technically characterized by comprising a rear end cover, a valve plate, a cylinder body rotating assembly, a shell, a sliding bearing, a plunger piston shoe assembly, a return plate, a swash plate, a front end cover and a main shaft;

the rear end cover and the front end cover are respectively and fixedly arranged at two ends of the shell, a valve plate, a cylinder body rotating assembly, a return plate and a swash plate are sequentially arranged in the shell, wherein the valve plate is fixedly arranged on the rear end cover, a throttling damping hole is formed in the valve plate, a containing cavity with a set volume is formed in the rear end cover, and the throttling damping hole is communicated with the containing cavity; the cylinder body rotating assembly is movably mounted on the inner wall of the shell, the plunger piston shoe assembly is movably mounted in the cylinder body rotating assembly, the tail end of a spherical plunger of the plunger piston shoe assembly is movably assembled on the swash plate, one end of the swash plate is connected with the front end cover, the other end of the swash plate is connected with the return stroke disc, and the main shaft is movably assembled on the front end cover and is connected with the cylinder body rotating assembly in a transmission mode.

In the scheme, the plunger of the plunger piston shoe assembly is of a hollow metal structure, and nylon is filled in the plunger.

According to the scheme, the anti-impact valve assembly comprises a guide rod, an anti-impact valve spool, an anti-impact valve spring and an anti-impact valve throttling damper, wherein the anti-impact valve left cavity and the anti-impact valve right cavity are located on two sides of the anti-impact valve spool, the guide rod is fixedly installed in an overflowing flow channel of the cylinder body rotating assembly, the anti-impact valve spool is sleeved on the guide rod to slide and abuts against one end of the anti-impact valve spring, the other end of the anti-impact valve spring abuts against the inner wall of a cylinder hole of the cylinder body rotating assembly, and the anti-impact valve throttling damper is fixedly installed at the joint of the anti-impact valve right cavity and.

According to the scheme, the forced lubrication structure comprises a first overflowing channel arranged on the rear end cover, a second overflowing channel arranged on the shell, a third overflowing channel arranged on the front end cover, a forced lubrication front throttle and a forced lubrication rear throttle, wherein the forced lubrication front throttle is fixedly arranged on the shell, the forced lubrication rear throttle is arranged on the front end cover, the first overflowing channel and the second overflowing channel are communicated with the inner cavity of the cylinder body rotating assembly through the forced lubrication front throttle, and the first overflowing channel and the second overflowing channel are communicated with the third overflowing channel in a sealing mode through the forced lubrication rear throttle.

In the scheme, the guide rod is made of stainless steel, nickel-copper alloy or titanium alloy, and the valve core of the anti-impact valve is made of engineering plastic PEEK or engineering plastic PTFE.

According to the scheme, the left cavity of the impact resistant valve is communicated with the plunger cavity of the plunger piston shoe assembly.

In the scheme, the number of the shock resistance valve assemblies is the same as that of the plunger piston shoe assemblies, and the plunger cavities of the plunger piston shoe assemblies are communicated with the corresponding shock resistance valve assemblies.

In the above scheme, the number of the plunger piston shoe assemblies is odd.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device is provided with a throttling damping hole on a valve plate, a cavity with a set volume and communicated with the throttling damping hole is arranged on a rear end cover, and an anti-impact valve assembly and a forced lubrication structure are added, wherein the anti-impact valve assembly is arranged on a cylinder body rotating assembly, and the anti-impact valve assembly, a plunger filler, a pre-compression cavity and other structures are arranged, so that the running noise of the water hydraulic pump is greatly reduced, and the application range of the water hydraulic axial plunger pump is expanded; the forced lubrication structure is arranged, so that high-pressure water at the water outlet of the pump is introduced into the friction surface of the pump, which is far away from the inlet, through the front and rear throttlers to be fully lubricated, and the situations of cavitation, dry friction and disc burning and the like are avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a full water lubricated low noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump operable at negative pressure in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a throttle orifice in an embodiment of the present invention;

the numbers in the figure illustrate the following: the hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a rear end cover 1, a flow passage 1-1, a flow distribution plate 2, a throttling damping hole 2-1, a cylinder body rotating assembly 3, a flow passage 3-1, a shell 4, a flow passage 4-1, a sliding bearing 5, a plunger piston shoe assembly 6, a return disc 7, a swash plate 8, a mechanical seal 9, a front end cover 10, a flow passage 10-1, a main shaft 11, a guide rod 12, an impact-resistant valve core 13, an impact-resistant valve spring 14, an impact-resistant valve throttling damper 15, a forced lubrication front throttle 16 and a forced lubrication rear throttle 17.

Detailed Description

The above objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the present invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1 and 2.

The full water lubrication low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump capable of running under negative pressure adopted by the embodiment comprises a rear end cover 1, a port plate 2, a cylinder body rotating assembly 3, a shell 4, a sliding bearing 5, odd plunger piston shoe assemblies 6, a return plate 7, a swash plate 8, a mechanical seal 9, a front end cover 10, a main shaft, an impact resisting valve assembly and a forced lubrication structure. The rear end cover 1 and the front end cover 10 are respectively and fixedly arranged at two ends of the shell 4, and the valve plate 2 is arranged on the rear end cover 1 and is positioned in the shell 4. One end of a return disc 7 is arranged on a front end cover 10, a swash plate 8 is arranged on the other end of the return disc 7, a cylinder body rotating assembly 3 is movably arranged on the inner wall of a shell 4 through a sliding bearing 5 and is positioned between a port plate 2 and the swash plate 8, a plunger piston shoe assembly 6 is movably arranged in the cylinder body rotating assembly 3, the tail end of a spherical plunger of the plunger piston shoe assembly 6 is movably assembled on the swash plate 8, and a main shaft is movably assembled on the front end cover 10 and is in transmission connection with the cylinder body rotating assembly 3. The plunger of the plunger piston shoe assembly 6 in this embodiment is of a hollow metal structure, and the inside of the plunger piston is filled with nylon or other similar engineering plastics, and is provided with a small overflowing hole inside. The valve plate 2 is provided with a throttling damping hole 2-1, the rear end cover 1 is provided with a cavity A with a set volume, and the throttling damping hole 2-1 is communicated with the cavity A.

The anti-impact valve component also comprises a guide rod 12, an anti-impact valve spool 13, an anti-impact valve spring 14 and an anti-impact valve throttling damper 15, wherein the guide rod 12 is processed by strengthened stainless steel, nickel-copper alloy or titanium alloy, and the anti-impact valve spool 13 is processed by engineering plastic PEEK or engineering plastic PTFE. And a flow passage 3-1 is arranged on the cylinder body rotating assembly 3, and the plunger cavity is communicated with the left cavity of the impact resistant valve through the flow passage 3-1. The right cavity of the shock resistance valve is communicated with the inner cavity of the pump body through a shock resistance valve throttling damper 15.

A guide rod 12 of the anti-impact valve component is fixedly arranged on the cylinder body rotating component 3 through threads, a valve core 13 of the anti-impact valve is sleeved on the guide rod 12 to slide and is abutted against one end of an anti-impact valve spring 14, and the other end of the anti-impact valve spring 14 is abutted against the inner wall of the cylinder body rotating component 3. The shock-resistant valve throttling damper 15 is fixedly mounted on the cylinder block rotating assembly 3 through threads.

The forced lubrication structure mainly comprises a flow passage 1-1 arranged on the rear end cover, a flow passage 4-1 arranged on the shell, a flow passage 10-1 arranged on the front end cover, a forced lubrication front throttle 16 and a forced lubrication rear throttle 17, wherein the forced lubrication front throttle 16 is fixedly arranged on the shell 4 through threads, and the forced lubrication rear throttle 17 is arranged on the front end cover 10 through sleeve tight fit.

The water outlet of the pump is communicated with a cavity near the friction surface of the swash plate 8 through an overflow channel 1-1 on the rear end cover 1, an overflow channel 4-1 on the shell 4, a forced lubrication front throttle 16, a plunger piston shoe assembly 6 in the pump cavity; the water outlet of the pump is communicated with the overflowing flow channel 10-1 arranged on the front end cover 10 through an overflowing channel 1-1 arranged on the rear end cover 1, an overflowing channel 4-1 arranged on the shell 4 and a forced lubrication rear throttle 17.

The number of anti-lash valve assemblies provided on the cylinder block swivel assembly 3 is the same as the number of rams of the ram shoe assembly and is 5, 7 or 9, each ram chamber communicating with a corresponding anti-lash valve assembly.

The working process of the full-water lubrication low-noise water hydraulic axial plunger pump capable of running under negative pressure provided by the invention is as follows:

under the initial working state, the main shaft 11 rotates to drive the cylinder body rotating assembly 3 and the plunger piston shoe assembly 6 to rotate, and the plunger piston shoe assembly 6 reciprocates in a cylinder hole of the cylinder body rotating assembly 3 through the interaction with the swash plate 8. And each time the cylinder body rotating assembly 3 rotates for a circle, the plunger reciprocates in the cylinder hole once, and each group of plunger piston shoe assemblies 6 finish the process of water absorption and drainage once through the interaction of the cylinder body rotating assembly 3 and the valve plate 2.

The fluid noise of the plunger pump mainly comes from the backward flow of the high-low pressure switching process, and the plunger cavity is filled with high-pressure water and negative-pressure water with alternative pressure conversion when the pump works normally.

In the process of plunger drainage pressurization, high-pressure water flows to the left cavity of the anti-impact valve component through 3-1, the valve core 13 of the anti-impact valve compresses the spring 14 of the anti-impact valve under the action of the high-pressure water, and water in the right cavity of the anti-impact valve flows to the inner cavity of the pump body through the throttling damper 15 of the anti-impact valve until the highest pressure is reached; in the process of plunger water absorption, negative pressure exists in the plunger cavity, and the valve core 13 of the anti-impact valve pushes water in the left cavity of the anti-impact valve to the plunger cavity under the action of the spring, so that the compensation of the plunger cavity is realized, and the noise is reduced.

In the moving flow distribution process of the pump, the highest point of the swash plate is a high-low pressure switching area, which is a theoretical dead point of flow distribution and is also a pressure highest point in a plunger cavity, in the switching process to the lowest point, the maximum flow backflow area is located at the position, and when the high pressure and the low pressure are switched, a pre-compression cavity A with a set volume is arranged on the rear end cover 1 of the pump, and pre-compression is realized in each plunger cavity.

The plunger cavity is hollow, so that the weight is reduced, the motion inertia is reduced, and the noise is reduced. Meanwhile, in order to reduce the volume of the alternating cavity, the light plastic material made of nylon or the like is arranged in the alternating cavity, so that the operation noise of the pump body is further reduced.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.