阅读说明：本技术 一种饲料添加剂及其制备方法 (Feed additive and preparation method thereof ) 是由 姚亚 姚倩 于 2020-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种饲料添加剂及其制备方法,属于添加剂技术领域,具体涉及饲料添加剂制备技术领域,以解决将中药直接喂给家畜,不能很好的提升家畜机体免疫力,导致抗病能力差的缺陷,包括白芍5-15份,当归5-15份,乌梅20-40份,黄芪10-30份,蒲公英20-40份,酿酒酵母0.15-0.35份,丁羧酸菌0.15-0.35份,酿酒酵母和丁羧酸菌配伍作为发酵菌,对中药混合物进行发酵,不但能够将中药的有效成分最大限度的溶出,而且还能大限度的保护中药的活性成分免遭破坏,尤其是对热敏性的挥发油、维生素等活性成分更能有效的加以保护,各中药之间配伍合理,整体提高了畜禽及水生动物的免疫力和抗病能力。(The invention discloses a feed additive and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of additives, in particular to the technical field of preparation of feed additives, aiming at solving the defect that the disease resistance is poor because the immunity of the livestock organism cannot be well improved when the traditional Chinese medicines are directly fed to livestock, the feed additive comprises 5-15 parts of white paeony root, 5-15 parts of Chinese angelica, 20-40 parts of dark plum fruit, 10-30 parts of astragalus root, 20-40 parts of dandelion, 0.15-0.35 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.15-0.35 part of butylcarboxylate, wherein the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the butylcarboxylate are used as zymophyte to ferment a traditional Chinese medicine mixture, so that not only can the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicines be dissolved out to the maximum extent, but also can be protected from being damaged to the maximum extent, especially can effectively protect the active components of heat-sensitive volatile oil, vitamins and the like, and the compatibility of the traditional Chinese medicines is reasonable, the immunity and disease resistance of livestock, poultry and aquatic animals are integrally improved.)

1. A feed additive, characterized in that: comprises 5 to 15 portions of white paeony root, 5 to 15 portions of angelica, 20 to 40 portions of dark plum fruit, 10 to 30 portions of astragalus root, 20 to 40 portions of dandelion, 0.15 to 0.35 portion of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.15 to 0.35 portion of clostridium butyricum.

2. A feed additive according to claim 1 wherein: comprises 10 portions of white peony root, 10 portions of angelica, 29.5 portions of dark plum fruit, 20 portions of astragalus root, 30 portions of dandelion, 0.25 portion of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.25 portion of carboxylic acid bacteria.

3. A feed additive according to claim 1 or 2 wherein: the number of the live saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria is 80-120 hundred million CFU/g, and the number of the live clostridium carboxylicacida bacteria is 80-120 hundred million CFU/g.

4. A feed additive according to claim 3 wherein: the number of the live saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteria is 100 hundred million CFU/g, and the number of the live clostridium carboxylicacida bacteria is 100 hundred million CFU/g.

5. A process for the preparation of a feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

step 1, mixing saccharomyces cerevisiae and carboxylic acid bacteria serving as mixed bacteria with brown sugar water, and performing flora enrichment culture to obtain bacteria liquid;

step 2, respectively crushing the white paeony root, the angelica, the dark plum, the astragalus and the dandelion in parts by weight, and sieving the crushed materials by a 40-100-mesh sieve to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine mixture;

and 3, uniformly spraying the bacterial liquid on the traditional Chinese medicine mixture, and then sealing and fermenting to obtain the microbial inoculum.

6. The method for preparing a feed additive according to claim 5, wherein: in the step 1, the mass ratio of the saccharomyces cerevisiae to the acidovorax facilis is 1-6:1-4, and the mass volume ratio of the mixed bacteria to the brown sugar water is 1: 4-10.

7. The method for preparing a feed additive according to claim 6, wherein: the concentration of brown sugar water is 8-12%.

8. The method for preparing a feed additive according to claim 6, wherein: in the step 1, the mass ratio of the saccharomyces cerevisiae to the acidovorax facilis is 1: 1.

9. The method for preparing a feed additive according to claim 5, wherein: and 2, sieving by using a 60-mesh sieve.

10. The method for preparing a feed additive according to claim 5, wherein: and 3, performing hydrogen peroxide fermentation at normal temperature under the fermentation condition for 60-90 hours.

Technical Field

A feed additive and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of additives, and particularly relate to the technical field of preparation of feed additives.

Background

With the improvement of living standard of people, the consumption of livestock and poultry food such as meat, eggs, milk and the like and the consumption of fish, shrimp, crab are increasing day by day, which greatly stimulates livestock and poultry breeding and the breeding of fish, shrimp, crab and the like. The cultivation of the Chinese yam also presents the situation of large-scale and intensive development. A large amount of feed is needed for feeding in the culture process.

The feed is a general term of food of all animals fed by people, and comprises feed raw materials such as soybean, soybean meal, corn, fish meal, amino acid, miscellaneous meal, whey powder, grease, meat and bone meal, grains, feed additives and the like.

The feed additive refers to an additive ingredient of a compound feed, and is a trace additive added into the feed for enhancing the nutritive value of daily ration, improving the utilization rate of the feed, promoting the growth of animals, preventing diseases, reducing the loss of nutrient substances during the storage period of the feed, improving the quality of animal products and the like. Comprises nutritional feed additives and non-nutritional feed additives. The nutritional additive is a small amount or trace substance which is added into the compound feed to balance feed nutrients, improve the feed utilization rate and directly has a nutritional effect on animals; the non-nutritive additive refers to some non-nutritive substances which are added into the feed to improve the utilization rate of the feed, ensure the quality of the feed and be beneficial to the health or metabolism of animals.

At present, most antibiotic additives are used in the market, play an important role in keeping the health of livestock, poultry and aquatic animals, promoting growth and the like, but the problems of drug resistance enhancement and drug residue of pathogenic bacteria and the like caused by long-term use of antibiotics bring about great harm to animal husbandry, aquatic animal breeding and human health.

Application No.: CN02137600.X, the patent name of which is Chinese herbal medicine feed additive and the preparation method thereof disclose that the components (weight percent) are purslane 2.2-2.5, kudzu root 1.4-1.7, atractylodes rhizome 1.2-1.4, dried orange peel 1.4-1.6, ginseng leaf 1.4-1.6, grassleaf sweelflag rhizome 1.2-1.4, hydrolyzed animal protein powder 0.4-0.5, mildew preventive 0.06 and calcium carbonate 89.24-90.74. The preparation method comprises sterilizing the Chinese medicinal materials with ethanol, oven drying, cooling, pulverizing, mixing the raw materials and adjuvants, and sieving. The Chinese herbal medicine feed additive has the advantages of safety, no toxicity, no drug resistance, no antibiotic residue and the like, has good palatability, can improve the quality of poultry meat, and has good antibacterial and antiviral effects, growth promotion effect and heat stress resistance effect.

The application number CN201410332028.5 discloses a traditional Chinese medicine pig feed additive and a daily ration for pigs containing the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive, which comprises hawthorn, areca nut, astragalus root, dangshen, szechuan lovage rhizome, Jianqu, liquorice, dried orange peel and malt, has no toxic or side effect, no medicine residue and no drug resistance, regulates the physiological function of animals, improves the health of the animals, ensures the safety of meat products and reduces the environmental pollution by the traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine principles. The invention also provides a pig daily feed containing the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive, which comprises rice, soybeans, wheat, beneficial bacteria, vitamins and the traditional Chinese medicine feed additive for pigs, wherein natural raw materials are matched with the beneficial bacteria, the vitamins and traditional Chinese medicines, so that the nutrition balance is ensured, the utilization rate of nutritional ingredients is improved, diseases are prevented, the animal health is improved, meat food is safer, no antibiotics is contained, harmful bacteria are reduced, the generation of drug resistance is avoided, the health of animals and human is facilitated, and meanwhile, the environmental pollution is reduced.

Although the above patent avoids the use of antibiotics and mainly uses traditional Chinese medicines, the disease resistance of poultry and livestock is improved to a certain extent, the above patent has the defects that the traditional Chinese medicines are directly added into feed or the traditional Chinese medicine powder is directly fed to livestock, the disease-resistant components of some traditional Chinese medicines in the livestock cannot be dissolved out, and the livestock is directly excreted out of the body through excretion, so that the traditional Chinese medicine components cannot be well used for treating livestock diseases.

In addition, mold is widely existed in nature, and the feed raw materials such as corn, cake meal, bran and the like and processed feed finished products which are in high-temperature and moist are easy to breed mold and generate mycotoxin, and meanwhile, the feed raw materials are the main raw materials of the compound feed, and the using amount of the feed raw materials accounts for more than 95% of the composition of the compound feed, so that the problem that the feed which is mildewed by livestock and poultry is adopted is common.

After the livestock and poultry eat the feed which is polluted by mycotoxin after breeding the mold, acute or chronic poisoning symptoms can occur, so that the immunity of the animals is reduced, the disease resistance is reduced, the digestion rate is reduced, the feed intake is reduced, the growth speed is slow, the hematopoietic function of a hematopoietic system and the physiological function of internal organs are damaged, nerve and endocrine disorders are disturbed, carcinogenesis and teratogenesis are caused, the growth disorder is removed, the false oestrus, the abortion and the like, the health of animals is seriously dangerous, and even the animals are poisoned and die, so that great damage is brought to the livestock and poultry industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: provides a feed additive and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the defect of poor disease resistance caused by the fact that the traditional Chinese medicine is directly fed to livestock and the immunity of the livestock body cannot be well improved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a feed additive comprises 5-15 parts of white peony root, 5-15 parts of angelica, 20-40 parts of dark plum, 10-30 parts of astragalus, 20-40 parts of dandelion, 0.15-0.35 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.15-0.35 part of clostridium butyricum.

In the technical scheme of the application, the method comprises the following steps,

white peony root, dry root of Paeonia lactiflora pall. of Ranunculaceae, is bitter, sour and slightly cold in nature, contains paeoniflorin and paeonol, has remarkable anti-inflammatory effect, can inhibit dysentery bacillus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, typhoid bacillus, hemolytic streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the like, and also has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

The angelica sinensis, the dried root of the angelica sinensis of the Umbelliferae family, is sweet and pungent in taste and warm in nature, and has good effects of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and relaxing bowel.

The dark plum is a dry nearly mature fruit of prunus mume of the Rosaceae family, and has the effects of astringing lung, astringing intestine, promoting fluid production and calming ascaris.

Radix astragali, the root of Astragalus membranaceus bge of Leguminosae, contains saponin, sucrose, polysaccharide, various amino acids, folic acid, and various trace elements such as selenium, zinc, and copper, and has effects of enhancing immunity of livestock and fowl, protecting liver, promoting urination, resisting stress, and widely resisting bacteria.

Herba Taraxaci, Compositae plant herba Taraxaci, and dried whole plant, and has effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving swelling, resolving hard mass, and inducing diuresis for treating stranguria.

The saccharomyces cerevisiae is a unicellular organism, is in an oval or spherical shape, has the propagation modes of budding propagation, spore propagation and joint propagation, is rich in microorganism B, protein and a plurality of enzymes, is used as probiotics or fermentation inocula, belongs to facultative anaerobes,

the clostridium butyricum is one of probiotics, strictly anaerobic bacteria can be planted in the intestinal tract, saccharides can be fermented to form a large amount of short-chain fatty acids such as butyric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid and the like, the pH value of the intestinal tract is reduced, pathogenic bacteria and saprophytic bacteria are prevented from abnormally proliferating in the intestinal tract, enterotoxin is reduced, the diarrhea rate is greatly reduced, the smell of traditional Chinese medicines can be covered, and the palatability is provided; the clostridium butyricum can improve IgG in serum and has the tendency of improving the content of IgA in serum, and improves the immune function of animals and the disease resistance by improving the humoral immunity level, enhancing the resistance of intestinal mucosa, inhibiting inflammation and other ways; the produced amylase, protease, lipase and the like can promote the digestion and absorption of animals on polysaccharide, protein and fat, and the produced pectinase, cellulase, glucanase and the like can effectively degrade anti-nutritional factors in the feed and improve the utilization rate of the feed; VB1, VB2, folic acid, nicotinic acid, VK, VE and the like can be synthesized in vivo, necessary nutrient substances are provided for the production process of animals, and in addition, the carboxylic acid bacterium has a protection effect on intestinal mucosa.

The compatibility of the Chinese angelica and the white paeony root has the effects of nourishing blood and regulating blood, the white paeony root is cool in nature and warm in nature, the combination of the white paeony root and the white paeony root is favorable for relaxing meridians, and has the effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.

The saccharomyces cerevisiae and the clostridium butyricum are used as zymophyte to ferment the traditional Chinese medicine mixture, so that not only can the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine be dissolved out to the maximum extent, but also the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine can be protected from being damaged to the maximum extent, and especially the active ingredients such as thermosensitive volatile oil, vitamins and the like can be effectively protected; after the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the carboxylic acid bacteria enter the gastrointestinal tract of the animal, the saccharomyces cerevisiae can consume oxygen in the gastrointestinal tract to cause an anaerobic environment, so that the propagation of anaerobic bacteria of the carboxylic acid bacteria and other beneficial flora is promoted, the microecological balance of the digestive tract of the animal is improved, in addition, the saccharomyces cerevisiae can also effectively adsorb pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract, the microecological balance of the intestinal tract is balanced, the function of a digestive system is good, the absorption and utilization of the feed are facilitated, the conversion rate of the feed can be improved, in addition, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the carboxylic acid bacteria are mixed with the traditional Chinese medicine mixture for fermentation, the fermentation and metabolite can also inhibit the growth of mould, when the feed additive is added into the feed, the feed raw materials can be prevented from.

Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises 10 parts of white paeony root, 10 parts of Chinese angelica, 29.5 parts of dark plum fruit, 20 parts of astragalus mongholicus, 30 parts of dandelion, 0.25 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.25 part of clostridium butyricum.

Preferably, the number of the live bacteria of the saccharomyces cerevisiae is 80-120 hundred million CFU/g, and the number of the live bacteria of the carboxylic acid bacteria is 80-120 hundred million CFU/g.

Preferably, the number of the saccharomyces cerevisiae live bacteria is 100 hundred million CFU/g, and the number of the carboxylic acid bacterium live bacteria is 100 hundred million CFU/g.

A preparation method of a feed additive comprises the following steps:

step 1, mixing saccharomyces cerevisiae and carboxylic acid bacteria serving as mixed bacteria with brown sugar water, and performing flora enrichment culture to obtain bacteria liquid;

step 2, respectively crushing the white paeony root, the angelica, the dark plum, the astragalus and the dandelion in parts by weight, and sieving the crushed materials by a 40-100-mesh sieve to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine mixture;

and 3, uniformly spraying the bacterial liquid on the traditional Chinese medicine mixture, and then sealing and fermenting to obtain the microbial inoculum.

Directly subpackaging after fermentation, and storing in shade and in dark.

Preferably, in the step 1, the mass ratio of the saccharomyces cerevisiae to the acidovorax facilis is 1-6:1-4, and the mass volume ratio of the mixed bacteria to the brown sugar water is 1: 4-10.

Preferably, the concentration of brown sugar water is 8-12%.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the saccharomyces cerevisiae to the acidovorax facilis in step 1 is 1: 1.

Preferably, step (2) is performed by sieving with a 60-mesh sieve.

Preferably, the fermentation condition is hydrogen peroxide fermentation at normal temperature, and the fermentation time is 60-90 hours.

More preferably, the fermentation time is 72 hours.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Clostridium butyricum are commercially available.

When in use, each ton of feed is mixed with 15-25 kg, preferably 20 kg of the feed additive prepared by the method, and the mixture is stirred uniformly and can be eaten.

The feed additive can be added into feed for breeding poultry, livestock and aquatic animals such as fish, shrimp, crab, etc.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. in the invention, the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the clostridium butyricum are used as zymophyte to ferment the traditional Chinese medicine mixture, so that not only can the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine be dissolved out to the maximum extent, but also the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine can be protected from being damaged to the maximum extent, especially the active ingredients of thermosensitive volatile oil, vitamins and the like can be protected more effectively, the compatibility of the traditional Chinese medicines is reasonable, and the immunity and disease resistance of livestock, poultry and aquatic animals are integrally improved;

2. after the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the carboxylic acid bacteria enter the gastrointestinal tract of the animal, the saccharomyces cerevisiae can consume oxygen in the gastrointestinal tract to cause an anaerobic environment, so that the propagation of anaerobic bacteria of the carboxylic acid bacteria and other beneficial flora is promoted, the microecological balance of the digestive tract of the animal is improved, in addition, the saccharomyces cerevisiae can also effectively adsorb pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract, the microecological balance of the intestinal tract is realized, the function of a digestive system is good, the absorption and utilization of the feed are facilitated, and the conversion rate of the feed can be improved;

3. the carboxylic acid bacteria serving as probiotics can be planted in intestinal tracts, saccharides can be fermented to form a large amount of short-chain fatty acids such as butyric acid, acetic acid and lactic acid, the pH value of the intestinal tracts is reduced, pathogenic bacteria and saprophytic bacteria are prevented from abnormally proliferating in the intestinal tracts, enterotoxin is reduced, the diarrhea rate is greatly reduced, the smell of traditional Chinese medicines can be covered, and palatability is provided;

4. the clostridium butyricum can improve IgG in serum and has the tendency of improving the content of IgA in serum, and the clostridium butyricum improves the immune function of animals and enhances the disease resistance through the ways of improving the humoral immunity level, enhancing the resistance of intestinal mucosa, inhibiting inflammation and the like;

5. amylase, protease, lipase and the like generated by the carboxylic acid bacteria can promote the digestion and absorption of animals on polysaccharide, protein and fat, and the generated pectinase, cellulase, glucanase and the like can effectively degrade anti-nutritional factors in the feed and improve the utilization rate of the feed;

6. the carboxylic acid bacteria can synthesize VB1, VB2, folic acid, nicotinic acid, VK, VE and the like in vivo, and provide necessary nutrient substances for the production process of animals;

7. the saccharomyces cerevisiae and the carboxylic acid bacteria are mixed with the traditional Chinese medicine mixture for fermentation, fermentation and metabolite can also inhibit the growth of mould, when the feed additive is added into the feed, the feed raw materials can be prevented from mildewing, and the shelf life of the feed is prolonged;

8. the compatibility of the angelica and the white peony root has the effects of nourishing blood and regulating blood, the white peony root is cool in nature and warm in nature, the combination of the angelica and the white peony root is favorable for relaxing meridians and has the effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, the white peony root and the astragalus are compatible, the immunity of livestock and poultry organisms is enhanced, in addition, the radix paeoniae alba and the astragalus have wide antibacterial action, the dark plum has very strong digestion function, the dark plum can protect intestines and stomach and reduce the damage of various germs to the intestines and stomach of livestock and poultry and aquatic animals, in addition, the dark plum can stop bleeding, in addition, the dark plum also has very good parasite expelling and bacteriostasis effects, the health of the intestines and stomach of the livestock and the aquatic animals;

9. the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, the raw materials are purely natural, the preparation method is simple, only the crushing and fermentation method is adopted, and the prepared feed additive is safe and environment-friendly and is easy to popularize and use on a large scale.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.