Method for preparing environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling waste resources
阅读说明：本技术 一种废弃资源回收利用制备环保增塑剂的方法 (Method for preparing environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling waste resources ) 是由 丁垒 张治平 孙洁 于 2020-07-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于增塑剂制备技术领域,具体的说是一种废弃资源回收利用制备环保增塑剂的方法,包括以下步骤：S1：将收集得到的废弃葵花籽油加入到净化装置中,得到净化废弃油；S2：将S1步骤处理后得到的净化废弃油加入到搅拌器中,并逐渐加入质量分数为30％的H<Sub>2</Sub>O<Sub>2</Sub>溶液,得到环氧化废弃油；S3：将S2步骤得到的环氧化废弃油依次进行碱洗与水洗,控制最终的油水混合物PH值为7；S4：取S3步骤处理后的油水混合物中的油相,进行减压蒸馏,除水后得到最终的环保增塑剂；本发明制备过程简单,制备得到的增塑剂无毒无害,增塑剂杂质较少,颜色较浅,使用范围广。(The invention belongs to the technical field of plasticizer preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling waste resources, which comprises the following steps: s1: adding the collected waste sunflower seed oil into a purification device to obtain purified waste oil; s2: adding the purified waste oil obtained after the treatment of the step S1 into a stirrer, and gradually adding H with the mass fraction of 30% 2 O 2 Obtaining an epoxidized waste oil; s3: sequentially carrying out alkali washing and water washing on the epoxidized waste oil obtained in the step S2, and controlling the pH value of the final oil-water mixture to be 7; s4: step S3Carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the oil phase in the treated oil-water mixture, and removing water to obtain the final environment-friendly plasticizer; the preparation method is simple in preparation process, and the prepared plasticizer is non-toxic and harmless, and has the advantages of less impurities, light color and wide application range.)
1. A method for preparing an environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling waste resources is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: adding the collected waste sunflower seed oil into a purification device to obtain purified waste oil; solid residues with different sizes in the waste sunflower seed oil are removed through a purification device, so that the influence of the solid residues on subsequent processing and the poor quality of a finally prepared product are prevented;
s2: the purified waste oil obtained after the treatment in the step S1 was put into a stirring apparatus equipped with a heater (5), and while stirring at a constant temperature, H was gradually added to the mixture in an amount of 30% by mass2O2Obtaining an epoxidized waste oil;
s3: sequentially carrying out alkali washing and water washing on the epoxidized waste oil obtained in the step S2, and controlling the pH value of the final oil-water mixture to be 7;
s4: carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the oil phase in the oil-water mixture treated in the step S3, and removing water to obtain the final environment-friendly plasticizer;
wherein, step S1 the purification device comprises a main body (1); an upper cover (2) is arranged above the main body (1); a motor (21) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the upper cover (2); an oil inlet (22) is formed in the upper cover (2); a sealing plug is arranged on the oil inlet (22); a fixed bracket (31) is arranged in the main body (1); the fixed bracket (31) is positioned at the middle position in the main body (1); a cylindrical cam (3) is rotatably arranged on the fixed bracket (31); the upper end of the cylindrical cam (3) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor (21); a fixing ring (322) is arranged in the main body (1); the fixed ring (322) is provided with an extrusion column (32); the extrusion column (32) can move up and down in the fixed ring (322); the upper end of the extrusion column (32) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod (321); the connecting rod (321) is perpendicular to the extrusion column (32); the other end of the connecting rod (321) is arranged on the cylindrical cam (3); a pressure filter cavity is formed in the main body (1); the lower end of the extrusion column (32) is positioned in the filter pressing cavity; the lower end of the extrusion column (32) is provided with an extrusion plate (33); the extrusion plate (33) and the filter pressing cavity are sealed; a filtering sieve plate (4) is arranged at the bottom of the pressure filtering cavity; the filtering sieve plate (4) and the filter pressing cavity are sealed; the bottom of the pressure filtration cavity is provided with a gathering cavity (16); the gathering cavity (16) is positioned below the filtering sieve plate (4), and the gathering cavity (16) is communicated with the filtering sieve plate (4); a vertical channel (15) is formed in the main body (1); the vertical channel (15) communicates with a collection chamber (16); the bottom surface of the gathering cavity (16) is inclined, and the position where the vertical channel (15) is communicated is lowest; a rotating cavity (14) is formed in the main body (1); the rotary cavity (14) is communicated with a vertical channel (15); an oil guide channel (131) is formed in the main body (1); the oil guide channel (131) is communicated with the rotating cavity (14); an oil outlet (13) is formed in the main body (1); the outlet of the oil outlet hole (13) is positioned on the side surface of the main body (1); the oil outlet (13) is communicated with the oil guide channel (131); a one-way valve is arranged in the oil outlet (13); a heater (5) is arranged in the main body (1); the heater (5) is positioned under the fixed support (31); the interior of the main body (1) is in a negative pressure state.
2. The method for preparing the environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling the waste resources according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the two filter pressing cavities are symmetrically distributed in the main body (1); the number of the extrusion columns (32) is two, and the two extrusion columns are respectively positioned in the two filter pressing cavities; the connecting rod (321) on the extrusion column (32) is installed on the cylindrical cam (3) in a staggered manner; when the two extrusion columns (32) reach the limit positions in the filter pressing cavity, the two extrusion columns (32) are respectively positioned at the highest point and the lowest point; the extrusion plate (33) is provided with a through hole; a filter screen (331) is arranged on the upper surface of the extrusion plate (33); the filter screen (331) is positioned at the through hole; a one-way mechanism is arranged below the extrusion plate (33); the one-way mechanism is opposite to the through hole; the one-way mechanism comprises a baffle (332), a hinge seat (333), an installation shaft (334) and a torsion spring (335); the hinged seat (333) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the extrusion plate (33); the mounting shaft (334) is rotatably mounted on the hinge seat (333); the baffle (332) is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft (334); the baffle (332) is tightly attached to the lower surface of the extrusion plate (33) and closes the through hole; the torsion spring (335) is mounted on the mounting shaft (334); one end of the torsion spring (335) is fixedly connected on the hinge seat (333), and the other end is fixedly connected on the mounting shaft (334).
3. The method for preparing the environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling the waste resources according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a spiral steel bar (62) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the filtering sieve plate (4); the extrusion column (32) is provided with a mounting hole; the spiral steel bar (62) can be inserted into the mounting hole; the spiral steel bar (62) is provided with a second impeller (6); the second impeller (6) is positioned below the extrusion plate (33) and does not contact the extrusion plate (33); the second impeller (6) can be attracted up and down along the spiral steel bar (62) and rotates in the moving process; a connecting column (61) is arranged on the upper surface of the second impeller (6); an annular groove (323) is formed in an opening of the mounting hole in the extrusion column (32); the upper end of the connecting column (61) is arranged in the annular groove (323); the connecting post (61) is freely movable within the annular groove (323).
4. The method for preparing the environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling the waste resources according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the filter sieve plates (4) have two layers in total, and a first cavity is formed between the two filter sieve plates (4); the diameter of the mesh on the lower filtering sieve plate (4) in the filtering sieve plate (4) is smaller; argil is filled in the first cavity; the particle size of the argil is larger than the diameter of meshes on the two filtering sieve plates (4).
5. The method for preparing the environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling the waste resources according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a first rotating shaft (41) is arranged in the first cavity; the first rotating shaft (41) is positioned in the middle of the filtering sieve plate (4); the lower end of the first rotating shaft (41) is positioned in the inserting cavity (12); a stirring rod (411) is arranged on the part, located in the first cavity, of the first rotating shaft (41); the stirring rod (411) does not contact the filtering sieve plate (4); a triangular protrusion is arranged on the part of the first rotating shaft (41) positioned in the inserting cavity (12); a first impeller (42) is arranged in the rotating cavity (14); the first impeller (42) can rotate freely in the rotating cavity (14); the upper end of a rotating shaft II on the impeller I (42) is positioned in the inserting cavity (12); the upper end of the second rotating shaft is provided with a triangular groove; the triangular protrusion can be inserted into the triangular groove.
6. The method for preparing the environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling the waste resources according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a mounting cavity (623) is formed in the spiral steel bar (62); a magnetic block (621) is arranged in the mounting cavity (623); a first spring (622) is installed in the installation cavity (623); the first spring (622) is positioned below the magnetic block (621); the lower surface of the magnetic block (621) is fixedly connected with a pull rope (64); magnetism exists in the extrusion column (32), and repulsion exists on the magnetic block (621); a mounting seat (63) is arranged in the first cavity; the mounting seat (63) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the filtering sieve plate (4) positioned above; the pull rope (64) penetrates into the mounting seat (63); a second cavity is formed in the mounting seat (63); a movable clamping column (66) is arranged in the second cavity; a second spring (65) is arranged in the second cavity; the second spring (65) is positioned between the movable clamping column (66) and the second cavity; the other end of the pull rope (64) is fixedly connected to the movable clamping column (66); a fixed cavity (17) is formed in the side wall in the main body (1); the movable clamping column (66) can be inserted into the fixed cavity (17); the elastic force of the first spring (622) is larger than that of the second spring (65).
7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling the waste resources according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the inner surface of the upper cover (2) (2) is arc; the inner surface of the upper cover (2) (2) is provided with a liquid guide groove; a collecting groove (11) is formed in the main body (1); the number of the collecting grooves (11) is two, and the collecting grooves are positioned at two ends of the main body (1) in the length direction; the main body (1) is provided with a discharge port; a discharge plug (111) is arranged on the discharge port; the tail end of the liquid guide groove on the upper cover (2) (2) is aligned with the collecting groove (11).
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plasticizer preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling waste resources.
Background
In daily life, the edible oil can produce a large amount of waste oil after pressing oil and frying, barbecue various food always, after the waste oil produces, people often directly topple over these waste oil and pile up, the waste oil of toppling over is difficult to be cleared up and causes the pollution, simultaneously, partly illegal traders collect the back with the edible oil of abandonment through simple filtration, after the deodorization is handled, circulate again to people's dining table, produce very big threat to people's health. Therefore, the waste oil needs to be recycled, resources are saved, the recycling rate of the waste resources is improved, and meanwhile, the recycling of the waste oil is cut off to lead the waste oil to be recycled to a channel in food production, so that the food sanitation and safety are guaranteed.
The plasticizer is a polymer material assistant widely used in industry, the flexibility of the plasticizer can be enhanced by adding the plasticizer in plastic processing, the plasticizer is easy to process and can be legally used in industrial application, the raw materials of the existing plasticizer contain more harmful substances, the plasticizer is easy to cause body injury after long-term use, and the plasticizer can cause the abnormality of reproductive system and even cause the danger of teratogenesis and cancer if the plasticizer is contacted and ingested for a long time. Meanwhile, the possibility of preparing the environment-friendly plasticizer by using the waste oil is clear according to the plasticizer using the waste sunflower seed oil as the rubber in the 7 th stage of volume 40 of 7 months in 2013 in the world rubber industry, meanwhile, harmful substances do not exist in the components of the environment-friendly plasticizer prepared by using the waste oil, the harm to the human health is avoided, and meanwhile, the environment-friendly plasticizer prepared by using the waste oil has the same performance as the existing DOP and DBP.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, improve the filtering speed of oil materials, avoid the blockage of a filter screen during filtering and reduce the difficulty in cleaning the inside of the device, the invention provides a method for preparing an environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling waste resources.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention discloses a method for preparing an environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling waste resources, which comprises the following steps:
s1: adding the collected waste sunflower seed oil into a purification device to obtain purified waste oil; solid residues with different sizes in the waste sunflower seed oil are removed through a purification device, so that the influence of the solid residues on subsequent processing and the poor quality of a finally prepared product are prevented;
s2: the purified waste oil obtained after the treatment in the step S1 was put into a stirring apparatus equipped with a heater, and was stirred at a constant temperature while gradually adding H in an amount of 30% by mass2O2Obtaining an epoxidized waste oil;
s3: sequentially carrying out alkali washing and water washing on the epoxidized waste oil obtained in the step S2, and controlling the pH value of the final oil-water mixture to be 7;
s4: carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the oil phase in the oil-water mixture treated in the step S3, and removing water to obtain the final environment-friendly plasticizer;
the method comprises the following steps of S1, removing various magazines and dirt in the waste oil to obtain relatively clean waste oil, preventing various residues in the waste oil from reacting in the subsequent operation process to generate side reactions, preventing the quality of the finally prepared plasticizer from being influenced by the side reaction products, and simultaneously avoiding the loss of input raw materials caused by impurities and increasing the production cost; in the step S2, the waste oil is epoxidized by using hydrogen peroxide, so that the method is convenient and quick, the treated raw materials are easy to obtain and have low cost, meanwhile, no toxic or harmful substance exists in the reaction product in the treatment process and after the treatment is finished, the prepared product meets the environmental protection requirement, and meanwhile, the used hydrogen peroxide has low risk, low operation difficulty and high safety degree, and can effectively avoid accidents; in the step S3, alkali washing is performed firstly, and then water washing is performed, so that free acid in the product can be effectively removed, the epoxy value of the product is high, and the product quality is improved;
wherein, step S1 the purification apparatus includes a main body; an upper cover is arranged above the main body; a motor is fixedly arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the upper cover; the upper cover is provided with an oil inlet; a sealing plug is arranged on the oil inlet; a fixed bracket is arranged in the main body; the fixed bracket is positioned in the middle position in the main body; a cylindrical cam is rotatably arranged on the fixed bracket; the upper end of the cylindrical cam is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the motor; a fixing ring is arranged in the main body; the fixed ring is provided with an extrusion column; the extrusion column can move up and down in the fixed ring; the upper end of the extrusion column is fixedly connected with a connecting rod; the connecting rod is vertical to the extrusion column; the other end of the connecting rod is arranged on the cylindrical cam; a pressure filter cavity is formed in the main body; the lower end of the extrusion column is positioned in the filter pressing cavity; the lower end of the extrusion column is provided with an extrusion plate; the extrusion plate and the filter pressing cavity are sealed; the bottom of the filter pressing cavity is provided with a filter sieve plate; the filtering sieve plate and the filter pressing cavity are sealed; the bottom of the pressure filtration cavity is provided with a gathering cavity; the gathering cavity is positioned below the filtering sieve plate and is communicated with the filtering sieve plate; a vertical channel is formed in the main body; the vertical channel is communicated with the gathering cavity; the bottom surface of the gathering cavity is inclined, and the communication position of the vertical channel is lowest; a rotating cavity is formed in the main body; the rotating cavity is communicated with the vertical channel; an oil guide channel is formed in the main body; the oil guide channel is communicated with the rotary cavity; an oil outlet hole is formed in the main body; the outlet of the oil outlet hole is positioned on the side surface of the main body; the oil outlet is communicated with the oil guide channel; a one-way valve is arranged in the oil outlet hole; a heater is arranged in the main body; the heater is positioned right below the fixed support; the interior of the main body is in a negative pressure state;
when the filter plate is in operation, the collected waste oil enters and exits the main body through the oil inlet, the heater is started, when the temperature of the waste oil in the main body reaches 55-65 ℃, the motor is started, the motor operates to drive the cylindrical cam to open and rotate, the cylindrical cam drives the connecting rod to displace in the vertical direction, the extrusion columns fixedly connected with the connecting rod are driven to move up and down, the extrusion plates are driven to move up and down in the filter pressing cavity through the up and down movement of the extrusion columns, when the extrusion plates move down in the filter pressing cavity, the pressure in the space below the extrusion plates in the filter pressing cavity is increased, the pressure of the waste oil passing through the filter sieve plate is improved, the filtering speed is effectively increased, the waste oil filtered through the filter sieve plate enters the gathering cavity, and due to the inclination of the bottom surface in the gathering cavity, the waste oil entering the gathering cavity is gathered, later enter into the oil outlet through the oil guide channel who communicates with rotatory chamber, because oil outlet department is provided with the check valve, the one-way oil outlet that passes through of waste oil after the filtration, and be in the negative pressure state in the main part, waste oil after the filtration moves down at the stripper plate, receive the extrusion, thereby outside discharging the main part through the oil outlet, and simultaneously, the heater of setting in the main part, after heating waste oil is filtering, the viscosity of reduction waste oil that can be obvious, reduce the degree of difficulty that waste oil passes through the filtration sieve, promote filtering speed, and simultaneously, waste oil that inputs in the main part submerges the cylinder cam, can be when the cylinder cam operates, provide lubricated effect for the cylinder cam, reduce the friction of cylinder cam, the life of extension part.
Preferably, the number of the filter pressing cavities is two, and the filter pressing cavities are symmetrically distributed in the main body; the number of the extrusion columns is two, and the two extrusion columns are respectively positioned in the two filter pressing cavities; the connecting rods on the extrusion columns are installed on the cylindrical cam in a staggered mode; when the two extrusion columns reach the limit positions in the filter pressing cavity, the two extrusion columns are respectively positioned at the highest point and the lowest point; the extrusion plate is provided with a through hole; a filter screen is arranged on the upper surface of the extrusion plate; the filter screen is positioned at the through hole; a one-way mechanism is arranged below the extrusion plate; the one-way mechanism is opposite to the through hole; the one-way mechanism comprises a baffle plate, a hinge seat, an installation shaft and a torsion spring; the hinged seat is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the extrusion plate; the mounting shaft is rotatably mounted on the hinge seat; the baffle is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft; the baffle is tightly attached to the lower surface of the extrusion plate and seals the through hole; the torsion spring is arranged on the mounting shaft; one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the hinge seat, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the mounting shaft;
when the device works, the connecting rods fixedly connected with the two extrusion columns are installed on the cylindrical cam in a staggered mode, so that the two extrusion columns are respectively positioned at the highest point and the lowest point when reaching the limit position, when the cylindrical cam rotates, the two extrusion columns move back and forth in a circulating mode, the waste oil in the filter pressing cavity is continuously pressurized and filtered, the filtering efficiency is effectively improved, when only one extrusion column exists, the waste oil in the filter pressing cavity is not extruded and filtered in the upward movement process after the extrusion columns move to the lowest point, the filtering speed is suddenly reduced, the filtering time is increased, meanwhile, the one-way mechanism arranged on the extrusion plates can ensure that the waste oil can easily reach the filter pressing cavity below the extrusion plates, the waste oil is prevented from flowing back in the pressing process of the extrusion plates, the filtering efficiency is reduced, when the extrusion plates move upwards, the pressure above the extrusion plates is higher than the pressure below the extrusion plates, the abandonment oil extrusion baffle of stripper plate top, make the baffle take place to rotate, and simultaneously, make the torsional spring take place to twist reverse, after the baffle takes place to rotate, the clearing hole is opened, the abandonment oil of stripper plate top enters into the below of stripper plate, afterwards, when the stripper plate begins to move down along with the extrusion post, the pressure of stripper plate below is greater than the pressure of stripper plate top, the pressure of the abandonment oil of stripper plate top that the baffle received reduces, the baffle is under the effect of torsional spring, get back to the original position, seal the clearing hole, the in-process that moves down at the stripper plate, the abandonment oil of stripper plate below can not flow back to the stripper plate top through the clearing hole, guarantee the filter efficiency when the stripper plate moves.
Preferably, a spiral steel bar is fixedly arranged in the middle of the filtering sieve plate; the extrusion column is provided with a mounting hole; the spiral steel bar can be inserted into the mounting hole; the spiral steel bar is provided with a second impeller; the second impeller is positioned below the extrusion plate and does not contact the extrusion plate; the second impeller can be attracted up and down along the spiral steel bar and rotates in the moving process; a connecting column is arranged on the upper surface of the second impeller; an annular groove is formed in an opening of the mounting hole in the extrusion column; the upper end of the connecting column is arranged in the annular groove; the connecting column can move freely in the annular groove;
when the two-stage impeller stirring filter press works, when the extrusion column moves downwards, the two-stage impeller is connected to the extrusion column through the connecting column, the two-stage impeller starts to move downwards along with the extrusion column, because the two-stage impeller is arranged on the spiral steel bar, the two-stage impeller rotates under the action of the spiral steel bar in the process of moving downwards along with the extrusion column, and simultaneously, when the two-stage impeller rotates, the connecting column rotates around the central line of the extrusion column in the annular groove on the extrusion column, the two-stage impeller is ensured to be connected with the extrusion column, and the two-stage impeller can rotate freely, when the two-stage impeller rotates, the two-stage impeller stirs the waste oil in the filter pressing cavity below the extrusion plate, the filtering speed is accelerated, meanwhile, various impurities in the waste oil are prevented from being completely precipitated, the mesh on the filter plate is blocked, the filtering is influenced, and meanwhile, the impurities in, the cleanliness of the filtered waste oil is improved, and the filtering effect is improved.
Preferably, the filtering sieve plates are divided into two layers, and a first cavity is formed between the two filtering sieve plates; the diameter of the mesh on the filtering sieve plate positioned below the filtering sieve plate is smaller; argil is filled in the first cavity; the particle size of the argil is larger than the diameter of meshes on the two filtering sieve plates;
the during operation, when abandonment oil passes through two-layer filter sieve, can be more abundant to the filtration of abandonment oil, improve the filter effect, simultaneously, the carclazyte of packing in cavity one can be when abandonment oil passes through, the effectual pigment impurity with in the abandonment oil adsorbs, reduce the colour of abandonment oil, guarantee that final off-the-shelf colour is lighter, improve the quality of product, the use of the plasticizer of being convenient for enlarges application range, and simultaneously, fill the carclazyte in cavity one, the abandonment oil that can step forward filters, improve the filter effect.
Preferably, a first rotating shaft is installed in the first cavity; the first rotating shaft is positioned in the middle of the filtering sieve plate; the lower end of the first rotating shaft is positioned in the inserting cavity; a stirring rod is arranged on the part of the rotating shaft, which is positioned in the first cavity; the stirring rod does not contact the filtering sieve plate; a triangular protrusion is arranged on the part of the rotating shaft, which is positioned in the inserting cavity; an impeller I is arranged in the rotating cavity; the first impeller can rotate freely in the rotating cavity; the upper end of a second rotating shaft on the first impeller is positioned in the inserting cavity; the upper end of the second rotating shaft is provided with a triangular groove; the triangular protrusion can be inserted into the triangular groove;
the during operation, after the waste oil is filtered, when the waste oil passes through the rotating cavity, waste oil promotes impeller one and rotates, rotation through impeller one, drive the pivot one of installing in cavity one and rotate, thereby make the puddler in the cavity one stir in cavity one, make carclazyte evenly distributed in cavity one, force the chance that increases pigment impurity contact in carclazyte and the fluid, make pigment impurity and carclazyte fully contact, do benefit to the establishment of adsorption balance, improve the decoloration effect, simultaneously, install pivot one on filtering the sieve and be connected through the protruding triangle-shaped groove with the pivot two on through the triangle-shaped line, when the clearance is dismantled to needs, can be relaxed with pivot one with two separation of pivot, convenient to detach clearance and installation, improve the efficiency of clearance.
Preferably, a mounting cavity is formed in the spiral steel bar; a magnetic block is arranged in the mounting cavity; a first spring is arranged in the mounting cavity; the first spring is positioned below the magnetic block; the lower surface of the magnetic block is fixedly connected with a pull rope; magnetism exists in the extrusion column, and repulsion exists on the magnetic block; a mounting seat is arranged in the first cavity; the mounting seat is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the filtering sieve plate positioned above the mounting seat; the pull rope penetrates into the mounting seat; a second cavity is formed in the mounting seat; a movable clamping column is arranged in the cavity II; a second spring is arranged in the second cavity; the second spring is positioned between the movable clamping column and the second cavity; the other end of the pull rope is fixedly connected to the movable clamping column; a fixed cavity is formed in the side wall in the main body; the movable clamping column can be inserted into the fixed cavity; the elastic force of the first spring is greater than that of the second spring;
when the spiral steel bar is inserted into the extrusion column, the magnetic block in the spiral steel bar is subjected to magnetic repulsion in the extrusion column, the magnetic block moves downwards to deform the first spring, the magnetic block moves downwards to be connected with the magnetic block, the magnetic block is stretched and loosened, the stretched other end of the magnetic block is connected to the movable clamping column in the second cavity, the movable clamping column extends out of the mounting seat under the action of the second spring and is inserted into the fixed cavity, the filtering sieve plate and the main body are fixed relatively, the filtering sieve plate is prevented from moving in the process that the second impeller moves up and down along with the extrusion column, unfiltered waste oil flows out through the filtering sieve plate, and the filtering effect is reduced; when the needs are taken out and are filtered the sieve and get into the clearance, take out the extrusion post earlier, after the extrusion post was taken out, the spiral billet is not inserting in the extrusion post, and the magnetic block in the spiral billet is not receiving the repulsion effect, and the original position is got back to the magnetic block under the effect of spring one, because the elasticity of spring one is greater than the elasticity of spring two, through the effect of stay cord, the activity card post is pulled back in the mount pad, makes the fixed contact who filters the sieve to the clearance is taken out to light the sieve that will filter.
Preferably, the inner surface of the upper cover is arc-shaped; the inner surface of the upper cover is provided with a liquid guide groove; a collecting tank is arranged on the main body; the number of the collecting grooves is two, and the collecting grooves are positioned at two ends of the main body in the length direction; the main body is provided with a discharge port; a discharge plug is arranged on the discharge port; the tail end of the liquid guide groove on the upper cover is aligned with the collecting groove;
during operation, after in the main part is added to waste oil, under the effect of heater, waste oil's temperature risees, and moisture and the easy evaporable material in waste oil become steam and waft out, and the steam that later evaporates out condenses on the arc internal surface of upper cover to by the cistern collection, finally fall to in the collecting vat, thereby the moisture content in the effectual reduction waste oil guarantees that waste oil is dry.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a method for preparing an environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling waste resources, which comprises the steps of purifying waste sunflower seed oil by a purification device, removing various solid residues and pigment impurities in the waste oil, then carrying out epoxidation treatment on the purified waste oil by hydrogen peroxide, carrying out alkali washing and water washing on the epoxidized waste oil, and drying an oil phase substance under reduced pressure to obtain the environment-friendly plasticizer.
2. The method for preparing the environment-friendly plasticizer by recycling the waste resources comprises the steps of pressurizing waste oil during filtering through a filter pressing cavity, an extrusion column and an extrusion plate which are arranged in a main body, improving the filtering speed, and avoiding filtering stop caused by accumulation of impurities, wherein a spiral steel bar and a second impeller which are arranged on a filtering sieve plate can enable the second impeller to rotate along with the descending of the extrusion column to stir the waste oil, so that solid impurities are prevented from settling on the filtering sieve plate to cause blockage of meshes on the sieve plate and influence on filtering, and meanwhile, the stirring effect of the second impeller can enable tiny impurities in the waste oil to be polymerized together and prevent the tiny impurities from penetrating through the meshes on the filtering sieve plate.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the purification apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a purification apparatus;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at B;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at C;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at D;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
in the figure: the oil guide device comprises a main body 1, a
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the method for preparing the environmentally friendly plasticizer by recycling the waste resources according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1: adding the collected waste sunflower seed oil into a purification device to obtain purified waste oil; solid residues with different sizes in the waste sunflower seed oil are removed through a purification device, so that the influence of the solid residues on subsequent processing and the poor quality of a finally prepared product are prevented;
s2: the purified waste oil obtained after the treatment in the step S1 was put into a stirring apparatus equipped with a heater, and was stirred at a constant temperature while gradually adding H in an amount of 30% by mass2O2Obtaining an epoxidized waste oil;
s3: sequentially carrying out alkali washing and water washing on the epoxidized waste oil obtained in the step S2, and controlling the pH value of the final oil-water mixture to be 7;
s4: carrying out reduced pressure distillation on the oil phase in the oil-water mixture treated in the step S3, and removing water to obtain the final environment-friendly plasticizer;
the method comprises the following steps of S1, removing various magazines and dirt in the waste oil to obtain relatively clean waste oil, preventing various residues in the waste oil from reacting in the subsequent operation process to generate side reactions, preventing the quality of the finally prepared plasticizer from being influenced by the side reaction products, and simultaneously avoiding the loss of input raw materials caused by impurities and increasing the production cost; in the step S2, the waste oil is epoxidized by using hydrogen peroxide, so that the method is convenient and quick, the treated raw materials are easy to obtain and have low cost, meanwhile, no toxic or harmful substance exists in the reaction product in the treatment process and after the treatment is finished, the prepared product meets the environmental protection requirement, and meanwhile, the used hydrogen peroxide has low risk, low operation difficulty and high safety degree, and can effectively avoid accidents; in the step S3, alkali washing is performed firstly, and then water washing is performed, so that free acid in the product can be effectively removed, the epoxy value of the product is high, and the product quality is improved;
wherein, step S1 the purification apparatus includes a main body 1; an
when the waste oil filter works, collected waste oil enters and exits the main body 1 through the
As an embodiment of the invention, the filter pressing cavities are two in total and are symmetrically distributed in the main body 1; the number of the
when the device works, the connecting
As an embodiment of the present invention, a
when the device works, when the
As an embodiment of the present invention, the
the during operation, when abandonment oil passes through two-
As an embodiment of the invention, a first rotating
the during operation, after the waste oil is filtered, when the waste oil passes through rotating cavity 14, the waste oil promotes impeller one 42 and rotates, rotation through impeller one 42, drive pivot one 41 of installing in cavity one and rotate, thereby make the puddler in the cavity one stir in cavity one, make carclazyte evenly distributed in cavity one, force the chance that increases pigment impurity contact in carclazyte and the fluid, make pigment impurity and carclazyte fully contact, do benefit to the establishment of adsorption balance, improve the decoloration effect, simultaneously, pivot one 41 of installing on filtering
As an embodiment of the present invention, a
when the filter screen plate 4 works, after the spiral steel bar 62 is inserted into the extrusion column 32, the magnetic block 621 in the spiral steel bar 62 is subjected to magnetic repulsion in the extrusion column 32, the magnetic block 621 moves downwards to deform the first spring 622, after the magnetic block 621 moves downwards, the tension connected to the magnetic block 621 is relaxed, as the other stretched end is connected to the movable clamping column 66 in the second cavity, the movable clamping column 66 extends out of the mounting seat 63 under the action of the second spring 65 and is inserted into the fixed cavity 17, so that the filter screen plate 4 and the main body 1 are relatively fixed, the filter screen plate 4 is prevented from moving in the process that the impeller 6 moves upwards and downwards along with the extrusion column 32, unfiltered waste oil flows out through the filter screen plate 4, and the filter effect is reduced; when the filter screen plate 4 needs to be taken out for cleaning, the extrusion column 32 is taken out firstly, after the extrusion column 32 is taken out, the spiral steel bar 62 is not inserted into the extrusion column 32, the magnetic block 621 in the spiral steel bar 62 is not under the action of repulsive force, the magnetic block 621 returns to the original position under the action of the first spring 622, because the elastic force of the first spring 622 is greater than the elastic force of the second spring 65, through the action of the pull rope 64, the movable clamping column 66 is pulled back into the mounting seat 63, so that the filter screen plate 4 is in fixed contact, and the filter screen plate 4 is easily taken out for cleaning.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner surface of the
during operation, after the waste oil is added into the main body 1, under the action of the
The specific working process is as follows:
when the waste oil filter works, collected waste oil enters and exits the main body 1 through the oil inlet 22, the heater 5 is started, when the temperature of the waste oil in the main body 1 reaches 55-65 ℃, the motor 21 is started, the motor 21 operates to drive the cylindrical cam 3 to rotate, the cylindrical cam 3 drives the connecting rod 321 to displace in the vertical direction, the extrusion column 32 fixedly connected with the connecting rod 321 is driven to move up and down, the extrusion plate 33 is driven to move up and down in the filter pressing cavity through the up and down movement of the extrusion column 32, the waste oil filtered through the filter screen plate 4 enters the gathering cavity 16, the waste oil entering the gathering cavity 16 is gathered at the vertical channel 15 and enters the rotary cavity 14 through the vertical channel 15 due to the inclination of the inner bottom surface of the gathering cavity 16, and then enters the oil outlet 13 through the oil guide channel 131 communicated with the rotary cavity 14, and the oil outlet 13 is provided with a one-way valve, the filtered waste oil passes through the oil outlet 13 in one direction, the inside of the main body 1 is in a negative pressure state, and the filtered waste oil is extruded when the extrusion plate 33 moves downwards, so that the filtered waste oil is discharged out of the main body 1 through the oil outlet 13; when the cylindrical cam 3 rotates, the two extrusion columns 32 move back and forth in a circulating manner to continuously pressurize and filter the waste oil in the pressure filter cavity, meanwhile, when the extrusion plate 33 moves upwards, the pressure above the extrusion plate 33 is larger than the pressure below the extrusion plate 33, the waste oil above the extrusion plate 33 extrudes the baffle 332, the baffle 332 rotates, the torsion spring 335 is twisted, after the baffle 332 rotates, the through hole is opened, the waste oil above the extrusion plate 33 enters the lower part of the extrusion plate 33, then, when the extrusion plate 33 moves downwards along with the extrusion columns 32, the pressure below the extrusion plate 33 is larger than the pressure above the extrusion plate 33, the pressure of the waste oil above the extrusion plate 33 received by the baffle 332 is reduced, and the baffle 332 returns to the original position under the action of the torsion spring 335 to close the through hole; when the extrusion column 32 moves downwards, the second impeller 6 is connected to the extrusion column 32 through the connecting column 61, the second impeller 6 moves downwards along with the extrusion column 32, because the second impeller 6 is arranged on the spiral steel bar 62, in the process that the second impeller 6 moves downwards along with the extrusion column 32, the second impeller 6 rotates under the action of the spiral steel bar 62, and meanwhile, when the second impeller 6 rotates, the connecting column 61 rotates around the central line of the extrusion column 32 in the annular groove 323 on the extrusion column 32; when the waste oil passes through the rotating cavity 14, the waste oil pushes the first impeller 42 to rotate, and the first rotating shaft 41 arranged in the first cavity is driven to rotate through the rotation of the first impeller 42, so that the stirring rod in the first cavity is stirred in the first cavity, meanwhile, the first rotating shaft 41 arranged on the filtering sieve plate 4 is connected with the triangular groove on the second rotating shaft through the triangular line bulge, and when the first rotating shaft 41 and the second rotating shaft need to be detached and cleaned, the first rotating shaft 41 and the second rotating shaft can be easily separated; after the spiral steel bar 62 is inserted into the extrusion column 32, the magnetic block 621 in the spiral steel bar 62 is subjected to magnetic repulsion in the extrusion column 32, the magnetic block 621 moves downwards to deform the first spring 622, after the magnetic block 621 moves downwards, the tension connected to the magnetic block 621 is relaxed, as the other stretched end is connected to the movable clamping column 66 in the second cavity, the movable clamping column 66 extends out of the mounting seat 63 under the action of the second spring 65 and is inserted into the fixed cavity 17, so that the filter screen plate 4 and the main body 1 are relatively fixed; when the filter screen plate 4 needs to be taken out for cleaning, the extrusion column 32 is taken out firstly, after the extrusion column 32 is taken out, the spiral steel bar 62 is not inserted into the extrusion column 32, the magnetic block 621 in the spiral steel bar 62 is not under the action of repulsive force, the magnetic block 621 returns to the original position under the action of the first spring 622, and because the elastic force of the first spring 622 is greater than that of the second spring 65, the movable clamping column 66 is pulled back into the mounting seat 63 under the action of the pull rope 64, so that the filter screen plate 4 is fixedly contacted; the water and the evaporable substance in the waste oil become steam and drift out, and the evaporated steam condenses on the arc-shaped inner surface of the upper cover 22, is collected by the liquid guide groove, and finally falls into the collecting groove 11.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
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