阅读说明：本技术 一种布料的前处理工艺 (Pretreatment process of cloth ) 是由 田建庆 於建华 许建荣 于 2020-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种布料的前处理工艺,包括以下步骤：S1：预湿热坯布,将坯布用热湿气进行蒸煮；S2：预热前处理液,将配制完成的前处理液预热；S3：前处理,将所述步骤S1中处理后的坯布放入前处理液中进行恒温前处理；S4：清洗,将所述步骤S3中处理完成的布料用清水清洗和脱水处理；本发明的制备方法具有提高前处理的布料杂质去除率并提高对染色的染色质量的优点。(The invention discloses a pretreatment process of cloth, which comprises the following steps: s1: pre-wetting and pre-heating the grey cloth, and steaming the grey cloth by hot moisture; s2: preheating the pretreatment liquid, namely preheating the prepared pretreatment liquid; s3: pre-treating, namely placing the grey cloth treated in the step S1 into a pre-treating liquid for constant-temperature pre-treating; s4: cleaning, namely cleaning the cloth treated in the step S3 by using clean water and performing dehydration treatment; the preparation method has the advantages of improving the impurity removal rate of the pretreated cloth and improving the dyeing quality of dyeing.)

1. A pretreatment process of cloth is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: pre-wetting and pre-heating the grey cloth, and steaming the grey cloth by hot moisture;

s2: preheating the pretreatment liquid, namely preheating the prepared pretreatment liquid;

s3: pre-treating, namely placing the grey cloth treated in the step S1 into a pre-treating liquid for constant-temperature pre-treating;

s4: cleaning, namely cleaning the cloth treated in the step S3 by using clean water and performing dehydration treatment;

the pretreatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight:

2. the cloth pretreatment process according to claim 1, wherein the composite alkaline agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

30-60% of sodium hydroxide;

20-40% of sodium dodecyl sulfate;

10-30% of alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate.

3. The pretreatment process of cloth according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

4. the pretreatment process of the cloth according to claim 3, wherein sodium chloride is further added into the foaming agent, and the foaming agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

5. the pretreatment process of cloth according to claim 4, wherein sodium percarbonate is further added into the foaming agent, and the foaming agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

6. the cloth pretreatment process according to claim 4, wherein in the pretreatment process of step S3, micro-nano bubbles are continuously introduced into the pretreatment liquid.

7. The pretreatment process of cloth according to claim 1, wherein the slow release antifoaming agent is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:

8. the pretreatment process of cloth according to claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the slow-release antifoaming agent comprises the following steps:

step a: firstly, uniformly stirring and mixing polydimethylsiloxane, polyvinyl alcohol and ethanol in proportion to obtain a mixture A;

step b: then adding the sodium chloride solid into the mixture A and uniformly stirring to obtain a solid B adhered with the mixture A;

step c: and drying the solid B and evaporating ethanol to obtain the slow-release antifoaming agent.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of textile printing and dyeing, in particular to a pretreatment process of cloth.

Background

The fabric printing and dyeing printing industry is an important industry in China, and along with the development of the industry in China, the printing and dyeing industry is greatly improved in the aspects of quality, variety, benefit and the like. The pretreatment of the cloth belongs to a more critical step in the printing and dyeing process. The purpose of the cloth pretreatment is mainly to remove impurities on the grey cloth, such as slurry, chemical fiber oil and the like in the spinning process, and if the impurities are not removed, the subsequent dyeing can cause serious quality problems.

The prior dyeing process of cloth, such as the Chinese invention patent with the publication number of CN110735335A, discloses a dyeing method of textile cloth, which comprises the steps of firstly, arranging chemical fiber to be dyed in a dye vat for dyeing pretreatment; adding a dyeing agent and water into a dyeing vat, soaking the chemical fiber textile cloth in the dyeing vat for 1-2 hours, and then heating; drying the soaked chemical fiber textile cloth at the temperature of 85-95 ℃; carrying out color fixing treatment on the treated chemical fiber textile cloth; and cleaning the treated chemical fiber textile cloth to remove the floating color on the surface, and drying at 70-80 ℃.

In the related technology of printing and dyeing, it can be found that the pretreatment process of printing and dyeing usually only uses alkali liquor to pad the fabric, and the common alkali liquor padding treatment has low efficiency for treating impurities on the fabric, and easily causes the problem of incomplete impurity removal to affect the dyeing quality of the fabric.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that impurities cannot be removed thoroughly before printing and dyeing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fabric pretreatment process which has the advantage of removing impurities in fabric thoroughly and efficiently.

In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a pretreatment process of cloth comprises the following steps:

s1: pre-wetting and pre-heating the grey cloth, and steaming the grey cloth by hot moisture;

s2: preheating the pretreatment liquid, namely preheating the prepared pretreatment liquid;

s3: pre-treating, namely placing the grey cloth treated in the step S1 into a pre-treating liquid for constant-temperature pre-treating;

s4: cleaning, namely cleaning the cloth treated in the step S3 by using clean water and performing dehydration treatment;

the pretreatment liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight:

by adopting the technical scheme, after the gray fabric is subjected to prewetting heat treatment, impurities on the fibers in the fabric are softened and swelled after being subjected to damp-heat steam treatment, so that the impurities are easily subjected to permeation treatment by the pretreatment liquid. The alkaline agent contains a large amount of hydroxide ions, so that the pretreatment liquid is alkaline, and under the alkaline condition, impurities such as oil solution, sizing agent and the like on the grey cloth are more easily decomposed, so that the impurities are removed. Step S2 is to preheat the pretreatment liquid, so as to activate various molecules in the pretreatment liquid to a greater extent, thereby improving the activity of each molecule in the pretreatment liquid. The grey cloth is subjected to constant temperature treatment in the pretreatment process, and the constant temperature process can keep the temperature difference between the grey cloth and the pretreatment liquid stable, so that the treatment effect of the pretreatment liquid is not easy to be different due to the temperature difference, and obvious color difference is not generated in the later dyeing process of the cloth. The foaming agent component is also added into the pretreatment liquid, the foaming agent can generate foaming action in the pretreatment liquid in the pretreatment process, bubbles generated in the pretreatment liquid can play a local stirring role on the pretreatment liquid and the cloth, and the continuous action effect between each effective component in the pretreatment liquid and the cloth is improved. Moreover, the contact area between each effective component in the pretreatment liquid and the cloth is increased by the bubbles generated by the foaming agent, so that the effective components in the pretreatment liquid can be more quickly dispersed on the surface of the cloth at the initial stage of the pretreatment. And in the pretreatment process, the defoaming component in the slow-release defoaming agent is gradually released, so that the concentration of the defoaming component in the pretreatment liquid is gradually increased, the foam on the surface of the cloth is scattered, the effective component for removing oil in the pretreatment can uniformly permeate into the cloth, and the treatment efficiency is improved.

Further, the compound alkaline agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

30-60% of sodium hydroxide;

20-40% of sodium dodecyl sulfate;

10-30% of alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the composite alkaline agent is compounded by sodium hydroxide, sodium dodecyl sulfate and alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate serving as surfactants, so that the using amount of the sodium hydroxide is reduced, the adverse effect caused by breakage of ester bonds in the cloth fibers due to over-strong alkalinity is avoided, substances such as impurity oiling agents and the like on the cloth fibers are emulsified and dispersed by the aid of the two mixed surfactants of the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, separation of impurities from the cloth is accelerated, the treatment effect of the composite alkaline agent on the cloth is not greatly different from the effect of using the sodium hydroxide alone, and the effect of removing the impurities in pretreatment can be better achieved.

Further, the foaming agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

by adopting the technical scheme, the anionic sulfonic group in the linear alkyl benzene sodium sulfonate and the quaternary ammonium group in the dodecyl dimethyl ammonium oxide have electrostatic attraction, so that the electrostatic repulsion between molecular polar heads is reduced, the critical micelle concentration is reduced, the compounding effect is obvious, and the performance of the generated foam is improved compared with the performance of single use.

Further, sodium chloride is added into the foaming agent, and the foaming agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

by adopting the technical scheme, the sodium ions in the sodium chloride added into the foaming agent can shield active groups in the surfactant, and for anionic surfactants such as sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and fatty alcohol phosphate ester salt, the foaming effect is inhibited to a certain extent due to shielding, and the foaming comprehensive performance value is reduced. And for dodecyl dimethyl ammonium oxide, because it is zwitterion, when the sodium ion shields the electric charge of the polar group in the surfactant, the opposite ion can be supplemented, the shielding effect of the sodium ion is not obvious, and dodecyl dimethyl ammonium oxide can still play a good foaming role, so that the comprehensive performance of foaming can be adjusted by adjusting the addition amount of the sodium ion to adapt to different pretreatment conditions.

Further, sodium percarbonate is added into the foaming agent, and the foaming agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

by adopting the technical scheme, the sodium percarbonate and the components in the foaming agent are firstly mixed into the foaming agent particles, when the foaming agent particles are put into the pretreatment liquid, the foaming agent is dissolved in the solution, and the sodium percarbonate can be decomposed to generate oxygen after meeting water in the solution, so that each foaming agent particle can generate a certain amount of oxygen bubbles, and the oxygen bubbles can generate a certain mechanical pushing effect on the foaming agent particles, so that the foaming agent is more uniform in dispersion in the solution, and each effective component in the foaming agent is more uniform in the pretreatment liquid. Meanwhile, oxygen generated after the sodium percarbonate is decomposed has a certain oxygen bleaching effect on the cloth, so that the whiteness of the cloth is further improved, and the pretreatment effect is improved.

Further, in the pretreatment process of step S3, micro-nano bubbles are continuously introduced into the pretreatment liquid.

By adopting the technical scheme, the micro-nano bubbles have the properties of large specific surface area, long retention time, high mass transfer efficiency and the like. After the micro-nano bubbles are introduced into the pretreatment liquid, the bubbles can check various active ingredients in the pretreatment liquid in the process of floating the micro-nano bubbles, so that the mass transfer efficiency of gas and liquid can be effectively improved. In addition, the micro bubbles promote the foaming action of the foaming agent in the rising process, and promote the formation of foam. When the micro-bubbles are broken, the gas-liquid interface is violently changed, and the chemical energy accumulated by high-concentration ions can be quickly released, so that a large amount of hydroxyl radicals are generated by excitation, and the large amount of hydroxyl radicals have certain oxidizing capability, so that the cloth can be bleached.

Further, the slow-release antifoaming agent is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:

by adopting the technical scheme, the polydimethylsiloxane is the main component of the slow-release defoaming agent, and the polyvinyl alcohol is used for increasing the viscosity of the polydimethylsiloxane, so that the mixture of the polydimethylsiloxane and the polyvinyl alcohol is solid at normal temperature. Ethanol is used as a solvent for dissolving polydimethylsiloxane and polyvinyl alcohol, and sodium chloride solid is used as a framework material and plays a role in supporting the polydimethylsiloxane and the polyvinyl alcohol. After the slow release defoamer system with the original composition is added into the pretreatment liquid, the defoaming component polydimethylsiloxane is gradually released along with the dissolution of the polyvinyl alcohol, so that the residual foam in the pretreatment liquid is eliminated, and the problems of dyeing color difference and the like caused by the influence of the residual foam on the subsequent printing and dyeing treatment of the cloth are avoided. The sodium chloride solid is used as a framework, and when the slow-release defoaming agent is completely dissolved in the pretreatment liquid, the sodium chloride can be dissolved in the pretreatment liquid, so that the concentration of the sodium chloride in the pretreatment liquid is increased, the comprehensive performance of foam generated by a foaming agent can be reduced by increasing the concentration of the sodium chloride, and the defoaming agent can be easier to defoam.

Further, the preparation process of the slow-release antifoaming agent comprises the following steps:

step a: firstly, uniformly stirring and mixing polydimethylsiloxane, polyvinyl alcohol and ethanol in proportion to obtain a mixture A;

step b: then adding the sodium chloride solid into the mixture A and uniformly stirring to obtain a solid B adhered with the mixture A;

step c: and drying the solid B and evaporating ethanol to obtain the slow-release antifoaming agent.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, because the invention adopts the pre-heated and compounded pre-treatment liquid, the effect of efficiently and thoroughly removing impurities on the cloth is obtained due to the matching of the temperature and the effective components in the pre-treatment liquid.

Secondly, in the invention, a foaming agent and a slow-release defoaming agent are preferably adopted, and the effects of improving the cloth pretreatment efficiency and improving the pretreatment quality are obtained because the generation and disappearance time of foaming can be controlled.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.