阅读说明：本技术 一种残膜卷收装置及该装置构成的联合作业机及其残膜打捆方法 (Residual film winding device, combined machine formed by same and residual film bundling method thereof ) 是由 卢勇涛 王吉亮 陈绍杰 秦朝民 王吉奎 营雨琨 王敏 曹肆林 于 2019-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种残膜卷收装置及该装置构成的联合作业机及其残膜打捆方法,包括机架,所述机架上设有秸秆粉碎收集装置、残膜打捆机构、卸膜机构和残膜捡拾装置,残膜打捆机构将残膜捡拾装置回收的地膜直接打捆,成型的膜捆从残膜打捆机构处卸下落至地面或者是输送带,输送带及时将膜捆输送至田间相应位置,秸秆粉碎装置可直接将秸秆粉碎还田,亦可收集秸秆。与现有技术相比,本发明将回收的地膜打捆成卷,充分利用空间,使机具结构紧凑,卸膜机构快速将膜捆卸下,提高机具的工作效率和经济实用性,同时可将粉碎后的秸秆收集加以利用,提升秸秆综合效益。(The invention discloses a residual film winding device, a combined machine formed by the residual film winding device and a residual film bundling method of the combined machine. Compared with the prior art, the invention bundles and rolls the recycled mulching films, fully utilizes the space, has compact structure, and fast unloads the mulching film bundles by the film unloading mechanism, thereby improving the working efficiency and the economic practicability of the machine, and simultaneously collecting and utilizing the crushed straws, and improving the comprehensive benefit of the straws.)

1. The residual film winding device is characterized by at least comprising a residual film bundling mechanism (9), wherein the residual film bundling mechanism (9) comprises a front driving roll shaft (9-3), a front auxiliary roll shaft (9-1), a front belt (9-2), a rear driving roll shaft (9-4), a rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6) and a rear belt (9-5), the front belt (9-2) is arranged on the front driving roll shaft (9-3) and the front auxiliary roll shaft (9-1), at least two rear auxiliary roll shafts (9-6) are arranged, the rear belt (9-5) is arranged on the rear driving roll shaft (9-4) and the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6), and a horn-shaped space with a large top and a small bottom is formed between the adjacent front belt (9-2) and the rear belt (9-5), the rotating directions of the front belt (9-2) and the rear belt (9-5) are the same, the rear belt (9-5) is stretched by the rear driving roll shaft (9-4) and the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6) to form a space, an oil cylinder II (16) capable of changing the shape of the space by controlling the movement of the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6) is arranged on one rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6), one end of the oil cylinder II (16) is fixed, and the other end of the oil cylinder II (16) is a movable end and is connected with the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6).

2. The residual film furling device according to claim 1, further comprising a film unloading mechanism (13), wherein the film unloading mechanism (13) at least comprises an oil cylinder I (12), and the oil cylinder I (12) is arranged on the front auxiliary roller shaft (9-1) and/or the rear auxiliary roller shaft (9-6) adjacent to the front auxiliary roller shaft.

3. A residual film furling and straw smashing and collecting combined machine comprises a machine frame (2), and is characterized in that at least the residual film furling device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is arranged on the machine frame (2).

4. The residual film furling and straw smashing and collecting combined machine as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a conveyer belt (13-3), wherein the conveyer belt (13-3) is arranged below the residual film baling mechanism (9), one end of the conveyer belt (13-3) is provided with a rotating shaft (13-2), and a hydraulic motor (13-1) is arranged on the rotating shaft (13-2).

5. The residual film furling and straw smashing and collecting combined machine as claimed in claim 3, wherein a residual film pickup device (17) is arranged on the rear side of the residual film furling device.

6. The combined machine for rolling up residual film and crushing and collecting straws as claimed in claim 3, further comprising a straw crushing and collecting device, a transmission system, a hydraulic system and a traveling mechanism (11) arranged on the frame (2), wherein:

the straw smashing and collecting device comprises a straw smashing machine (5), the straw smashing machine (5) is arranged below a rack (2), a straw collecting box (4) is arranged above the straw smashing machine (5), a straw smashing machine screw conveyor (5-1) is arranged in the straw smashing machine (5), a fan (7) is arranged at the output end of the straw smashing machine screw conveyor (5-1), and a straw conveying pipe (6) is arranged at the upper end of the fan (7);

the transmission system comprises a universal joint transmission shaft I (1), a universal joint transmission shaft II (8), an intermediate transmission gearbox (10), a chain transmission I (14) and a chain transmission II (15);

the hydraulic system comprises an oil cylinder I (12), an oil cylinder II (16) and a hydraulic control valve (3).

7. The residual film bundling method is characterized by using the residual film bundling mechanism (9) and specifically comprises the following steps: the rotating directions of the front driving roll shaft (9-3) and the rear driving roll shaft (9-4) are set to be consistent, so that the acting forces of the front belt (9-2) and the rear belt (9-5) on the residual film (18) are opposite, the residual film (18) forms a residual film bundle (19) through the up-and-down rubbing action of the belt, and as the volume of the residual film bundle (19) is increased, the pressure on the rear belt (9-5) is also increased, the oil cylinder II (16) is enabled to contract and drives the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6) connected with the oil cylinder II to move to change the shape of the rear belt (9-5) and keep the pressure of the rear belt (9-5) on the residual film bundle (19) all the time.

8. The remnant film binding method according to claim 7, wherein the remnant film (18) is picked up by the remnant film pick-up device (17) and transported to the tip end thereof and then thrown into the trumpet-like space between the front belt (9-2) and the rear belt (9-5).

9. The residual film bundling method according to claim 7, wherein the film unloading is performed by a film unloading mechanism (13) after the residual film bundling is finished, and the method comprises the following specific steps: and after the residual film bundle (19) reaches the rated size, stopping the machine to unload the film, driving the front auxiliary roll shaft (9-1) and/or the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6) adjacent to the front auxiliary roll shaft to move in the opposite direction by the oil cylinder I (12) to enable the residual film bundle (19) to directly fall to the ground to finish film unloading, and after the film unloading is finished, adjusting the oil cylinder I (12) and the oil cylinder II (16) by the hydraulic control valve (3) to recover to the state when the residual film bundle is not bundled.

10. The residual film bundling method according to claim 9, characterized in that the residual film bundle (19) falls onto the conveyer belt (13-3) below the residual film bundling mechanism (9) from the position between the front auxiliary roller shaft (9-1) and the adjacent rear auxiliary roller shaft (9-6), and is conveyed to the ground by the conveyer belt (13-3) to realize film unloading of the residual film bundle (19).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a residual film winding device, a combined machine formed by the device and a residual film bundling method of the combined machine, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment.

Background

The plastic film mulching cultivation technology is introduced into China at the end of seventies and early eighties. The cultivation technique is mainly applied to arid and semi-arid regions and alpine regions, plays roles of preserving heat, preserving soil moisture, inhibiting weed growth and the like, not only ensures that various crops obtain good harvest, but also improves the quality of the crops, and obviously increases the economic benefit. The mulching film is a PE material which is difficult to degrade, and a large amount of mulching film is accumulated in the farmland planted by long-term mulching film covering, so that the 'white pollution' of the farmland is obvious, the ecological environment of the farmland and the rural living environment are seriously influenced, and the effective treatment is urgently needed.

At present, mechanical recovery of the residual film is one of the most effective measures for treating the residual film pollution. The residual film recycling machine is divided into a film collecting box and a film non-collecting box from the view of the existence of the film collecting box; the machine is divided into a mode of operation and is provided with a single residual film recycling machine for film recycling and a combined residual film recycling machine.

The film collecting machine is the most popular film collecting machine currently applied, and the machine type can be used before sowing and can also be used after autumn by simple modification. What use after autumn hugs the membrane machine needs smash still field machine interval 30 ~ 50m with the straw earlier and arranges out the capable way for the plastic film of hugging the collection is unloaded to the heap, then carries out the loading again and transports, and it is many to retrieve the process, and intensity of labour is big, and the operation effect is relatively poor. The residual film recycling machine with the film collecting box is divided into two types, namely a residual film recycling machine with a compacting mechanism and a residual film recycling machine without the compacting mechanism, and the residual film recycling machine without the compacting mechanism is limited in the application process due to the fact that the effective loading capacity of the residual films is too small, and the residual film recycling machine with the compacting mechanism generally has the problems of complex structure, high manufacturing cost, high failure rate and the like.

The residual film recycling machine for combined operation has more types due to different operation functions, such as a soil preparation and film recycling combined operation machine, a straw crushing and returning machine or a straw whole-stalk pulling and residual film recycling combined operation machine and the like. The mulching film recovered after autumn is mixed with a large amount of impurities such as branches and leaves, straws and the like, the recovered substances are fluffy and are not suitable for storage and transportation, and in addition, the crop straws need to be fed due to insufficient forage grass in winter in southern Xinjiang. The existing combined operation machine can not collect the crushed cotton straws on one hand, and is difficult to efficiently bundle mulching films on the other hand, so that the comprehensive benefits of the crop straws are influenced to be expanded again when the mechanized recycling process of the mulching films in the farmland is reduced.

Therefore, the invention provides the residual film winding device, the combined machine formed by the device and the residual film bundling method thereof, which can bundle and coil the recycled mulching films, fully utilize the space, enable the machine tool to have a compact structure, rapidly dismount the film bundles by the film dismounting mechanism, improve the working efficiency and the economic practicability, simultaneously collect and utilize the crushed straws, and improve the comprehensive benefits of the straws.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a residual film winding device, a combined machine formed by the device and a residual film bundling method of the combined machine.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the residual film winding device is characterized by at least comprising a residual film bundling mechanism (9), wherein the residual film bundling mechanism (9) comprises a front driving roll shaft (9-3), a front auxiliary roll shaft (9-1), a front belt (9-2), a rear driving roll shaft (9-4), a rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6) and a rear belt (9-5), the rotating directions of the front driving roll shaft (9-3) and the rear driving roll shaft (9-4) are consistent, the front belt (9-2) is arranged on the front driving roll shaft (9-3) and the front auxiliary roll shaft (9-1), at least two rear auxiliary roll shafts (9-6) are arranged, the rear belt (9-5) is arranged on the rear driving roll shaft (9-4) and the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6), namely, the rear belt (9-5) is stretched by a rear driving roll shaft (9-4) and a plurality of rear auxiliary roll shafts (9-6) to form a space, a hydraulic oil cylinder II (16) capable of changing the shape of the space by controlling the rear auxiliary roll shafts (9-6) is arranged on one rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6), one end of the hydraulic oil cylinder II (16) is fixed on the frame (2), the other end of the hydraulic oil cylinder II is a movable end and is connected with the rear auxiliary roll shafts (9-6), the unloading pressure is set to be matched with the diameter of the film bundle, a horn-shaped space is formed between the front belt (9-2) and the rear belt (9-5), the opening at the upper end of the space is larger than the opening at the lower end, when the rear belt is actually used, the residual film (18) is thrown into the space between the front belt (9-2) and the rear belt (9-5) from the upper end with the larger opening to be bundled, after the bundling is finished, the residual film bundle (19) is discharged from the lower end with the smaller opening.

Further, the residual film furling device further comprises a film unloading mechanism (13), the film unloading mechanism (13) at least comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder I (12), and the hydraulic oil cylinder I (12) is arranged on the front auxiliary roll shaft (9-1) and/or the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6) adjacent to the front auxiliary roll shaft.

Preferably, at least three rear auxiliary roll shafts (9-6) are arranged, and the rear auxiliary roll shafts (9-6) provided with hydraulic oil cylinders II (16) are positioned outside a space surrounded by the rear belts (9-5).

The utility model provides a residual film roll-up and straw are smashed and are collected combined operation machine, includes frame (2), its characterized in that, be equipped with as above residual film roll-up device on frame (2) at least.

Preferably, the residual film furling and straw smashing and collecting combined machine further comprises a conveying belt (13-3), the conveying belt (13-3) is arranged below the residual film bundling mechanism (9) and is perpendicular to the traveling direction of the machine, a rotating shaft (13-2) is arranged at one end of the conveying belt (13-3), a hydraulic motor (13-1) is arranged on the rotating shaft (13-2), the rotating shaft (13-2) is installed on the machine frame (2), after the residual films are bundled, the front auxiliary roller shaft (9-1) and/or the rear auxiliary roller shaft (9-6) adjacent to the front auxiliary roller shaft are controlled by the hydraulic oil cylinder I (12) to move oppositely to enable the residual film bundle to fall onto the conveying belt (13-3), the hydraulic motor (13-1) can control the rotating shaft (13-2) to rotate, and the rotating shaft (13-2) can drive the conveying belt (13-3) to work, and the residual film bundles are conveyed to the field in time.

Further, a residual film pickup device (17) is arranged on the rear side of the residual film winding device.

Further, the residual film furling and straw smashing and collecting combined machine also comprises a straw smashing and collecting device, a transmission system, a hydraulic system and a traveling mechanism (11) arranged on the frame (2),

wherein:

the straw smashing and collecting device comprises a straw smashing machine (5), the straw smashing machine (5) is arranged below a rack (2), a straw collecting box (4) is arranged above the straw smashing machine (5), a straw smashing machine screw conveyor (5-1) is arranged in the straw smashing machine (5), a fan (7) is arranged at the output end of the straw smashing machine screw conveyor (5-1), and a straw conveying pipe (6) is arranged at the upper end of the fan (7); when the straw smashing machine works, straws are smashed by the straw smashing machine (5), thrown to a straw smashing machine screw conveyor (5-1), conveyed to the outlet end of the straw smashing machine, and conveyed into the straw collecting box (4) after passing through the fan (7) and the straw conveying pipe (6).

The transmission system comprises a universal joint transmission shaft I (1), a universal joint transmission shaft II (8), an intermediate transmission gearbox (10), a chain transmission I (14) and a chain transmission II (15);

a power transmission route: sequentially leading a power output shaft of a tractor to a universal joint transmission shaft I (1), a straw pulverizer (5) and a universal joint transmission shaft II (8), dividing the power output shaft into two paths through an intermediate transmission gearbox (10), and respectively leading the two paths to a chain transmission I (14) and a chain transmission II (15), wherein the chain transmission I (14) transmits power to a rear driving roll shaft (9-4) of a residual film bundling mechanism (9), and then the power is transmitted to a front driving roll shaft (9-3) through the rear driving roll shaft (9-4); the chain transmission II (15) transmits power to the residual film picking device (17);

the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder I (12), a hydraulic oil cylinder II (16) and a hydraulic control valve (3), and the hydraulic oil cylinder I (12) and the hydraulic oil cylinder II (16) are controlled through the hydraulic control valve (3).

Furthermore, two ends of the front driving roll shaft (9-3), the rear driving roll shaft (9-4), the front auxiliary roll shaft (9-1) and the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6) are all installed on the frame (2) through bearings.

The residual film bundling method is characterized by using the residual film bundling mechanism (9) and specifically comprises the following steps: the rotating directions of the front driving roll shaft (9-3) and the rear driving roll shaft (9-4) are set to be consistent, so that the acting forces of the front belt (9-2) and the rear belt (9-5) on the residual film (18) are opposite, the residual film (18) forms a residual film bundle (19) through the up-and-down rubbing action of the belt, and as the volume of the residual film bundle (19) is increased, the pressure on the rear belt (9-5) is also increased, the oil cylinder II (16) is enabled to contract and drives the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6) connected with the oil cylinder II to move to change the shape of the rear belt (9-5) and keep the pressure of the rear belt (9-5) on the residual film bundle (19) all the time.

Further, the residual film (18) is picked up by the residual film picking device (17), transported to the top end and then thrown into a horn-shaped space between the front belt (9-2) and the rear belt (9-5).

Furthermore, the film unloading is carried out through a film unloading mechanism (13) after the residual film bundling is finished, and the method comprises the following specific steps: after the residual film bundle (19) reaches the rated size, the machine is stopped to unload the film, the oil cylinder I (12) drives the front auxiliary roll shaft (9-1) and/or the rear auxiliary roll shaft (9-6) adjacent to the front auxiliary roll shaft to move towards the opposite direction, so that the openings of the lower ends of the front belt (9-2) and the rear belt (9-5) are enlarged enough to enable the residual film bundle (19) to fall down, the residual film bundle (19) directly falls to the ground, the film unloading of the residual film bundle (19) is realized, after the film unloading is finished, the oil cylinder I (12) and the oil cylinder II (16) are adjusted by the hydraulic control valve (3) to be recovered to the state when the residual film bundle is not bundled, and the rear belt (9-5) is also recovered to the original shape.

Preferably, the residual film bundle (19) falls onto a conveying belt (13-3) below the residual film bundling mechanism (9) from a position between the front auxiliary roller shaft (9-1) and the rear auxiliary roller shaft (9-6) adjacent to the front auxiliary roller shaft, and then is conveyed to the ground by the conveying belt (13-3) to realize film unloading of the residual film bundle (19).

Compared with the prior art, the straw bundling and rolling machine has a compact structure, fully utilizes space, realizes coreless bundling and rolling of the recovered mulching film, has good operation performance, solves the problems that the recovered mulching film is fluffy and is not suitable for storage and transportation, secondary pollution and the like, can fast unload the film bundle by the film unloading mechanism, improves the working efficiency and economic practicability of the machine, can collect and utilize the crushed straw, and improves the comprehensive benefit of the straw.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the unbundling structure of the residual film baling mechanism in embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the configuration after the residual film bundling mechanism of embodiment 1 bundles;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the unbundling structure of the residual film baling mechanism in embodiment 2;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a bundled structure of the residual film bundling mechanism in embodiment 2.

Shown in the figure: 1 is a universal joint transmission shaft I, 2 is a frame, 3 is a hydraulic control valve, 4 is a straw collecting box, 5 is a straw crusher, 5-1 is a straw crusher screw, 6 is a straw conveying pipe, 7 is a fan, 8 is a universal joint transmission shaft II, 9 is a residual film bundling mechanism, 9-1 is a front auxiliary roll shaft, 9-2 is a front belt, 9-3 is a front driving roll shaft, 9-4 is a rear driving roll shaft, 9-5 is a rear belt, 9-6 is a rear auxiliary roll shaft, 10 is an intermediate transmission gearbox, 11 is a travelling mechanism, 12 is a hydraulic oil cylinder I, 13 is a film unloading mechanism, 13-1 is a hydraulic motor, 13-2 is a rotating shaft, 13-3 is a conveying belt, 14 is a chain transmission I, 15 is a chain transmission II, 16 is a hydraulic oil cylinder II, 17 is a residual film pickup device, 18 is a residual film, and 19 is a residual film bundle.

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.

The direction of the arrow in the figure is the direction of belt travel.