Tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of rod hanging type curing barn
阅读说明：本技术 一种挂杆式烤房的烟叶穿杆装置 (Tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of rod hanging type curing barn ) 是由 康雪莉 毛娟 李高坡 崔江宽 于 2020-07-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于烟草种植领域,尤其涉及一种挂杆式烤房的烟叶穿杆装置,所述装置包括机箱以及设置于机箱内的烟叶吸取装置、烟叶传动装置、烟叶放置装置以及穿杆机构,机箱顶部敞口设置本发明能够快速、有效地实现烟叶的有序等距排列,提高烤房装烟后内部空间的合理布局,使得热气流能够均速、顺畅地流动,提高烟叶烘烤调制质量。(The invention belongs to the field of tobacco planting, and particularly relates to a tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of a hanging rod type curing barn.)
1. A tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of a rod hanging type curing barn is characterized by comprising a case, a tobacco leaf sucking device, a tobacco leaf transmission device, a tobacco leaf placing device and a rod penetrating mechanism, wherein the tobacco leaf sucking device, the tobacco leaf transmission device, the tobacco leaf placing device and the rod penetrating mechanism are arranged in the case;
the tobacco leaf transmission device comprises three transmission wheels and a transmission belt, wherein the three transmission wheels are positioned in the same vertical plane, the connecting line of the wheel centers is in a right triangle shape, the transmission belt is tensioned to form a horizontal section, a vertical section and an inclined section which are sequentially arranged, and the transmission wheels at the horizontal section and the inclined section are connected with the output end of the motor;
the tobacco leaf suction device comprises a negative pressure suction nozzle arranged on the horizontal section of the transmission belt and a negative pressure mechanism communicated with the negative pressure suction nozzle;
the tobacco leaf placing device comprises a placing frame arranged beside the vertical section of the transmission belt and a plate shifting mechanism arranged beside the placing frame, the plate shifting mechanism comprises two belt pulleys arranged up and down and a belt tensioned by the two belt pulleys, and the belt is provided with two shifting plates at equal intervals; the belt pulley at the bottom is in transmission connection with a transmission wheel of the tobacco leaf transmission device through a one-way transmission mechanism;
a plurality of horizontally extending through holes are formed in a frame plate of the placing frame at equal intervals from top to bottom, one end of the placing plate in the width direction penetrates through the corresponding through hole, and the other end of the placing plate is in intermittent contact with a shifting plate of the shifting plate mechanism;
wear rod mechanism including holding the box body of pricking the pole, the rack top is equipped with the draw-in groove towards drive belt one side, box body bottom and draw-in groove joint, its length direction is prolonged to the bottom in the box body and is equipped with the groove rail, the vertical pole of pricking that has the several sharp bottoms of arranging in the box body, and prick the pole bottom and erect on the groove rail, the pole mouth is seted up out to the length direction of box body and the one end bottom of keeping away from the drive belt, the groove rail corresponds the tip opening of pole mouth department, still be equipped with in the box body and extend along box body length direction and be used for the parcel to prick the stereoplasm in pole length middle section and draw the frame, the stereoplasm is.
2. The tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of the rod hanging type curing barn according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure suction nozzle comprises a silica gel suction nozzle with an upper opening and a lower opening and a sealing cylinder with a closed bottom and connected with the transmission belt, and the top of the sealing cylinder is integrally connected with the bottom of the silica gel suction nozzle.
3. The tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of the rod hanging type curing barn according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure mechanism comprises a bending pipe arranged in parallel to a horizontal section and a vertical section of the transmission belt, the bending pipe is hollow and closed at two ends, an exhaust fan is arranged at the bottom of the bending pipe, an air inlet of the exhaust fan is communicated with the bending pipe, and an air outlet of the exhaust fan is arranged away from the tobacco leaf placing device; the pipe of bending has seted up the channel on the body of drive belt, the channel both sides are equipped with the sticky tape piece that is used for shielding the channel, are connected and communicate the sealed section of thick bamboo of negative pressure suction nozzle, the sticky tape piece is expulsed to the other end with channel sliding fit's exhaust column one end and pass the channel and with the pipe intercommunication of bending after.
4. The tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of the hanging rod type curing barn according to claim 1, wherein the bottom belt pulley of the plate pulling mechanism and the driving wheels at the vertical section and the inclined section of the driving belt are driven by a one-way driving mechanism, the one-way driving mechanism comprises a first driving rod and a second driving rod respectively connected with the driving wheels and the wheel center of the belt pulley,
a ratchet gear is fixedly arranged at the end part of the first transmission rod, the outside of the ratchet gear is arranged in one end of the sleeve and is meshed with a pawl in the sleeve, the pawl is arranged in a hinged seat on the inner wall of the sleeve and is limited by a torsion spring on the hinged seat to keep a state of being arranged towards the placing rack, and the other end of the sleeve is assembled with the inner wall of the case through a bearing;
the end part of the second transmission rod is provided with an indirect wheel which is connected with the sleeve in a transmission way through an indirect belt tensioned by the indirect wheel and the sleeve.
5. The tobacco rod threading device of the rod hanging type curing barn according to claim 1, wherein the through holes of the rack plate are oblique holes, and the placing plate engaged with the through holes is inclined upward toward one end of the transmission belt and downward toward the other end.
6. The tobacco leaf threading device of the hanging rod type curing barn according to claim 5, wherein the placing plate faces one end of the transmission belt, namely one length side of the placing plate, both ends of the placing plate are provided with limiting rods, a groove for placing tobacco leaves is arranged on a top plate body of the placing plate, a first notch for a negative pressure suction nozzle to pass through is arranged at the middle section of the length of the groove, a second notch for completely exposing a tobacco leaf stalk is arranged at one end of the length direction of the groove, and the groove depth of the groove is 1-2 mm.
7. The tobacco leaf rod penetrating device for the rod hanging type curing barn according to claim 6, wherein a top plate is obliquely arranged at one end of the placing plate far away from the transmission belt, namely, at the other length side edge of the placing plate, and the top plate is arranged in parallel with the pulling plate of the pulling plate mechanism.
8. The tobacco leaf rod penetrating device for the rod hanging type curing barn according to claim 7, wherein the bottom of the top plate contacts the plate body arranged at the through hole under the state that the bottom edge of the poking plate contacts the top edge of the top plate.
9. The tobacco stem threading device of the rod hanging type curing barn according to claim 1, wherein the plate body of the placing plate is in clearance fit with the through hole on the frame plate of the placing frame, and the plane of the placing frame is vertical to the plane of the three driving wheels of the tobacco leaf driving device.
10. The tobacco leaf rod penetrating device for the hanging rod type curing barn according to claim 6, wherein the rod outlet of the box body is arranged corresponding to the second notch of the placing plate, the slot rail is arranged obliquely upwards corresponding to the opening end part of the rod outlet, and the observation notch for performing displacement compensation on the bound rod is arranged at the top of the box body corresponding to the rod outlet.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tobacco planting, and particularly relates to a tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of a rod hanging type curing barn.
Background
The method has the advantages that the influence of the severe weather environment on the growth of tobacco plants is eliminated, the quality of tobacco leaves produced by the tobacco plants of the flue-cured tobacco variety is mainly influenced by two aspects of field management and baking modulation, the field management mainly manages the growth of the tobacco plants, and the stage comprises the steps of transplanting, fertilizing, pest control, topping and the like, so that the uniform yellowing and uniform harvesting of the tobacco leaves in the same part and the tobacco leaves in the same land are ensured; the baking modulation mainly heats the tobacco leaves harvested in the field, so that the tobacco leaves are dehydrated, the internal components are chemically converted and reacted in the environment, the contents of various components are more coordinated, and particularly, the Maillard reaction can improve the generation of the internal aroma components, thereby improving the appearance and the smoking quality of the tobacco leaves.
Generally, the tobacco leaf baking in the prior art basically adopts a three-stage baking process of bulk curing barn operation, i.e. the tobacco leaves need to undergo a yellowing stage, a color fixing stage and a stem drying stage, and the principle is as follows: tobacco leaves are hung inside the curing barn in a layered mode, then the curing barn is externally heated by coal and heat exchange between the combustion chamber and the curing barn is realized through a pipeline, hot air flow inside the curing barn rises to heat the tobacco leaves, and meanwhile, discharged water is carried to the outside. Because the quantity of the tobacco leaves in the curing barn is large, how to regulate the tobacco filling mode of the tobacco leaves enables hot air to flow in the curing barn uniformly, the method is one of necessary conditions for high-level curing and modulation, otherwise, insufficient water drainage and insufficient heating are easily caused, the tobacco leaves are difficult to fix color, even the phenomena of rib feathering, grain bleeding, ash hanging and the like of the tobacco leaves occur, not only heat energy is wasted, but also the purchasing price and the use quality of the tobacco leaves at the grade are extremely low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of a rod hanging type curing barn, which can quickly and effectively realize ordered equidistant arrangement of tobacco leaves, improve the reasonable layout of the internal space of the curing barn after tobacco loading, ensure that hot air can flow uniformly and smoothly and improve the curing and modulating quality of the tobacco leaves.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of a rod hanging type curing barn comprises a case, a tobacco leaf suction device, a tobacco leaf transmission device, a tobacco leaf placing device and a rod penetrating mechanism, wherein the tobacco leaf suction device, the tobacco leaf transmission device, the tobacco leaf placing device and the rod penetrating mechanism are arranged in the case;
the tobacco leaf transmission device comprises three transmission wheels and a transmission belt, wherein the three transmission wheels are positioned in the same vertical plane, the connecting line of the wheel centers is in a right triangle shape, the transmission belt is tensioned to form a horizontal section, a vertical section and an inclined section which are sequentially arranged, and the transmission wheels at the horizontal section and the inclined section are connected with the output end of the motor;
the tobacco leaf suction device comprises a negative pressure suction nozzle arranged on the horizontal section of the transmission belt and a negative pressure mechanism communicated with the negative pressure suction nozzle;
the tobacco leaf placing device comprises a placing frame arranged beside the vertical section of the transmission belt and a plate shifting mechanism arranged beside the placing frame, the plate shifting mechanism comprises two belt pulleys arranged up and down and a belt tensioned by the two belt pulleys, and the belt is provided with two shifting plates at equal intervals; the belt pulley at the bottom is in transmission connection with a transmission wheel of the tobacco leaf transmission device through a one-way transmission mechanism;
a plurality of horizontally extending through holes are formed in a frame plate of the placing frame at equal intervals from top to bottom, one end of the placing plate in the width direction penetrates through the corresponding through hole, and the other end of the placing plate is in intermittent contact with a shifting plate of the shifting plate mechanism;
wear rod mechanism including holding the box body of pricking the pole, the rack top is equipped with the draw-in groove towards drive belt one side, box body bottom and draw-in groove joint, its length direction is prolonged to the bottom in the box body and is equipped with the groove rail, the vertical pole of pricking that has the several sharp bottoms of arranging in the box body, and prick the pole bottom and erect on the groove rail, the pole mouth is seted up out to the length direction of box body and the one end bottom of keeping away from the drive belt, the groove rail corresponds the tip opening of pole mouth department, still be equipped with in the box body and extend along box body length direction and be used for the parcel to prick the stereoplasm in pole length middle section and draw the frame, the stereoplasm is.
Preferably, the negative pressure suction nozzle comprises a silica gel suction nozzle with an upper opening and a lower opening and a sealing cylinder with a closed bottom and connected with the transmission belt, and the top of the sealing cylinder is integrally connected with the bottom of the silica gel suction nozzle.
Preferably, the negative pressure mechanism comprises a bending pipe arranged in parallel with the horizontal section and the vertical section of the transmission belt, the bending pipe is hollow, two ends of the bending pipe are sealed, an exhaust fan is arranged at the bottom of the bending pipe, an air inlet of the exhaust fan is communicated with the bending pipe, and an air outlet of the exhaust fan is arranged away from the tobacco leaf placing device; the pipe of bending has seted up the channel on the body of drive belt, the channel both sides are equipped with the sticky tape piece that is used for shielding the channel, are connected and communicate the sealed section of thick bamboo of negative pressure suction nozzle, the sticky tape piece is expulsed to the other end with channel sliding fit's exhaust column one end and pass the channel and with the pipe intercommunication of bending after.
Preferably, the belt pulley at the bottom of the shifting plate mechanism is in transmission with the transmission wheels at the vertical section and the inclined section of the transmission belt through a one-way transmission mechanism, the one-way transmission mechanism comprises a first transmission rod and a second transmission rod which are respectively connected with the transmission wheels and the wheel center of the belt pulley,
a ratchet gear is fixedly arranged at the end part of the first transmission rod, the outside of the ratchet gear is arranged in one end of the sleeve and is meshed with a pawl in the sleeve, the pawl is arranged in a hinged seat on the inner wall of the sleeve and is limited by a torsion spring on the hinged seat to keep a state of being arranged towards the placing rack, and the other end of the sleeve is assembled with the inner wall of the case through a bearing;
the end part of the second transmission rod is provided with an indirect wheel which is connected with the sleeve in a transmission way through an indirect belt tensioned by the indirect wheel and the sleeve.
Preferably, the through-hole on the rack board is the slant hole, and the board of placing after cooperating with the through-hole is the inclined state that the one end towards the drive belt is last, the other end is down.
Preferably, one end of the placing plate facing the transmission belt is a length side of the placing plate, two ends of the placing plate are provided with limiting rods, a groove for placing tobacco leaves is formed in a plate body at the top of the placing plate, a first notch for a negative pressure suction nozzle to penetrate through is formed in the middle section of the length of the groove, a second notch for completely exposing a tobacco leaf stem is formed in one end of the groove in the length direction, and the depth of the groove is 1-2 mm.
Preferably, one end of the placing plate, which is far away from the transmission belt, that is, the other length side of the placing plate, is provided with a top plate in an upward inclined manner, and the top plate is arranged in parallel with the shifting plate of the plate shifting mechanism.
Preferably, the bottom edge of the shifting plate is in contact with the top edge of the top plate, and the bottom of the top plate is in top contact with the through hole for placing the plate body.
Preferably, the plate body of the placing plate is in clearance fit with the through holes in the frame plate of the placing frame, and the plane of the placing frame is perpendicular to the plane of the three driving wheels of the tobacco leaf driving device.
Preferably, the pole mouth on the box body corresponds the second breach department setting of placing the board, and the opening tip slope that the grooved rail corresponds the pole mouth sets up upwards, and the box body top corresponds pole mouth department and is equipped with the observation breach that is used for carrying out displacement compensation to pricking the pole.
Specifically, in the tobacco loading process of the tobacco leaves, the whole process of the invention is as follows (the limited direction is as follows, the positive rotation of the output end of the motor can enable the transmission belt to drive the negative pressure suction nozzle to move towards the placing rack, and the negative rotation of the output end of the motor can enable the transmission belt to drive the negative pressure suction nozzle to move reversely):
the motor and the exhaust fan are started, the negative pressure suction nozzle starts to move, a worker places tobacco leaves on the silica gel suction nozzle (the protruded veins on the tobacco leaf blades are on the back side, the front side is smooth and can better shield the silica gel suction nozzle, meanwhile, the length direction of the tobacco leaves and the transmission belt are required to be in a vertical state when the tobacco leaves are placed, the tobacco leaf handles and a second notch on the placing plate are arranged in the same direction), the exhaust fan extracts air in the bending pipe and the negative pressure suction nozzle, the negative pressure suction nozzle is shielded by the tobacco leaves when a channel on the bending pipe is shielded by the silica gel sheet, so that a negative pressure state can be kept in the bending pipe and the negative pressure suction nozzle, the negative pressure suction nozzle adsorbs the tobacco leaves, and the negative pressure suction nozzle drives the exhaust pipe to move along the channel on the bending pipe when moving along with the transmission belt, so that the inside of the negative pressure suction nozzle is always communicated with the inside of the bending pipe, the tape blade in its previous position remains shielded from the channel.
When the negative pressure suction nozzle moves to the lowest placing plate, the shifting plate on the shifting plate mechanism just moves upwards to push the placing plate to the maximum vertical height, the negative pressure suction nozzle moves downwards to a certain distance below the placing plate from the first notch of the placing plate, tobacco leaves adsorbed by the negative pressure suction nozzle are intercepted by the placing plate body at the first notch, so that the tobacco leaves are placed in the placing plate, meanwhile, the tobacco leaves slide downwards along the top plate surface of the placing plate under the action of gravity due to the inclined arrangement of the placing plate, and the tobacco leaves can smoothly enter the groove of the placing plate; meanwhile, when the negative pressure suction nozzle moves downwards to penetrate through the first notch, the shifting plate can continue to move upwards along with the belt, the shifting plate is separated from the current placing plate at the moment, the placing plate moves downwards along the through hole under the action of self weight, and the depth of the groove is only 1-2mm, so that the leaves of the tobacco leaves can be completely placed in the groove, and the main vein of the tobacco leaves can be exposed outside the groove.
The motor reversal afterwards, the drive belt drives negative pressure suction nozzle reverse movement, because the tobacco leaf moves down along placing the board and along with placing the board from the initial position that the board was placed in the contact and moving down, its whole displacement is the lapse, so when placing the board along the through-hole back that the process that moves down finishes, the reverse movement of negative pressure suction nozzle can not blockked in the instant position of tobacco leaf. When negative pressure suction nozzle reverse movement and reach the adsorption position, the staff replaces the tobacco leaf, then negative pressure suction nozzle removes to the bottommost place board department of placing above the board, the operation is placed to repeated tobacco leaf, so circulation is reciprocal, all place the blade of new absorption on the board is placed to the correspondence at every turn, and every places the board and all drive its tobacco leaf removal of accepting for the tobacco leaf all keeps leaning on in its main arteries and veins and places board plate body department, and the petiole exposes to placing outside the board completely from second breach department. Then the worker stops the motor to work, the pull frame is driven to pull outwards through the handle, the pull frame drives all the pricking pins on the groove rail to move along the groove rail, the pricking rod on the outermost side moves upwards along the opening end of the groove rail and finally moves out of the opening section of the groove rail, the action of the pricking rod is observed through the observation gap, when the pull handle stops being pulled when the pull handle falls and is moved out of the rod outlet of the box body, the binding rod is downwards bound from the second gap of the placing plate, the tobacco leaves sequentially pass through the leaf stalks of the tobacco leaves from top to bottom through the sharp bottom, then the binding rod is slightly lifted upwards, so that the tobacco leaves are separated from the placing plate, the limiting rods are completely attached to the plate body of the placing plate after the main veins of the tobacco leaves are not blocked, namely, the tobacco leaves are not blocked by the limiting rod any more, the binding rod can be continuously lifted and all the tobacco leaves are driven to be taken out from the case, the tobacco leaves on the binding rods can be distributed at equal intervals, and then the binding rods are orderly hung on a hanging beam of a curing barn to finish the tobacco loading.
The main veins of the tobacco leaves can be forced to be pressed at the through hole due to the falling of the placing plate, so that the end parts of the stems of the tobacco leaves on the placing rack are basically positioned on the same vertical line, the sharp-pointed parts of the binding rods can be accurately bound on the stems of the tobacco leaves, and the situation that the binding positions are different due to different sizes of the tobacco leaves is avoided. It should be noted here that the tobacco leaves are different from other crop leaves, the harvesting is divided into three batches of lower, middle and upper leaves, and the tobacco leaves are baked and modulated immediately after each harvesting, so the size difference of the tobacco leaves in the same batch is not particularly large, the tobacco leaves are large in size, the width of the main vein, particularly the end part of the vein, namely the leaf stalk, can reach 1-2cm, the thickness can reach 0.8-1.5cm, compared with the tobacco leaf with the thickness of 1-2mm, the main vein and the leaf stalk can completely bear the weight of the tobacco leaves, meanwhile, the main vein and the leaf stalk are used in the cigarette industry after modulation as tobacco stems, the value of the main vein and the leaf stalk is lower than that of the tobacco leaves, namely the tobacco shreds after the tobacco leaf stalks are modulated, the economic value is lower, and the main vein is.
Secondly, in the process, the transmission matching process of each mechanism of the application is as follows:
the invention only needs one motor as a power source to realize the orderly matching action of all the mechanisms, the output end of the motor rotates forwards for a certain time and drives the driving wheels at the horizontal section and the inclined section of the transmission belt to rotate, and the driving wheels drive the other two driving wheels and the negative pressure suction nozzle to move through the transmission of the transmission belt; meanwhile, the driving wheels at the vertical section and the inclined section of the driving belt drive the first driving rod to rotate positively, when the ratchet wheel at the end part of the first driving rod rotates positively, the pawl abuts against the wheel teeth of the ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel drives the sleeve to rotate positively, and then the indirect wheel is driven to rotate positively through the indirect belt, and as the indirect wheel drives the belt pulley of the shifting plate mechanism and the corresponding belt to rotate positively through the second driving rod, the shifting plate close to the belt section at the placement frame is enabled to move upwards, and the shifting plate far away from the belt section at the placement frame is enabled to move downwards.
The in-process that the board that dials that is close to rack department belt section shifts up, the board roof of placing of the bottom on the rack can be contacted, because the roof of placing the board with dial the board parallel, so work as dial the board and shift up and contact when this roof of placing the board, make the roof drive and place the board and remove along corresponding through-hole, when dialling the board base and remove to the roof topside, the roof top of placing the board touches the through-hole, the displacement that makes progress of placing the board at this moment reaches the terminal point, dial the board and continue to move up the back, its roof separation with this place the board, this place the board and move and reset along the through-hole under the dead weight effect, dial the board of placing of board contact top simultaneously and make it shift up along the through-. So, along with shifting up of dialling the board, can push up in order and touch every and place the board for place the board on the rack by the lower supreme action of moving up and reseing in order, accomplish this action until the board of placing at top.
Meanwhile, the action of the shifting plate is driven by the connected belt, the transmission of the belt is indirect transmission based on the transmission belt, if the transmission belt moves forwards, the belt moves forwards, and if the transmission belt moves backwards, the belt moves backwards, and particularly the action of the shifting plate is up-and-down movement. But want to keep dialling the effect that the board pushed the board from bottom to top in order, dial the board and can only move up at the uniform velocity so, and can not do and move down, otherwise only can realize the relapse promotion to a certain board of placing. Therefore, the problem is solved through the one-way transmission mechanism, when the transmission belt moves forwards, the transmission wheel can finally realize the forward rotation of the belt and move the shifting plate upwards through the matching of the ratchet wheel and the pawl; when the transmission belt moves reversely, the ratchet gear rotates reversely and enables the pawl to rotate under the action of the torsion spring, and the sleeve cannot be driven to rotate reversely (because the sleeve and the indirect wheel tension the indirect belt, the friction force of the sleeve driving the indirect belt to rotate needs to be large enough, although the ratchet gear and the pawl have collision, the collision is far not enough to enable the sleeve to drive the indirect belt to rotate), and then the non-displacement action of the indirect belt, the indirect wheel and the plate shifting mechanism is realized. Therefore, the action of the shifting plate close to the placing plate can only be ensured to be upwards moved.
However, only by means of the one-way transmission device, the shifting plate can only move upwards, and the displacement cannot be guaranteed, so that the displacement of the shifting plate moving upwards at each time is guaranteed, and the placing plates on the placing frame are arranged at equal intervals, so that the tobacco leaves can be arranged at equal intervals on the binding rods. However, when the original position of the negative pressure suction nozzle is taken as a marking point, the positive movement amount of the negative pressure suction nozzle driven by the transmission belt every time is progressively reduced, namely, the negative pressure suction nozzle moves to the bottommost placing plate from the original position, and moves positively for the second time after reset, the negative pressure suction nozzle moves to the penultimate placing plate from the original position, the positive linear movement of the transmission belt is reduced, the number of rotation turns of the transmission belt is reduced, the positive belt linear movement of the plate shifting mechanism is reduced, the upward movement amount of the plate shifting mechanism is reduced, and finally the plate shifting mechanism cannot be smoothly matched with the action of the negative pressure suction nozzle to be in top contact with the placing plate.
Based on the problem, this application adopts following mode to solve, has set for the procedure through the singlechip to control the positive, reverse rotation mode and the operating time of motor, and the time of corotation and reversal is fixed at every turn, but the number of turns of corotation will be less a ration than the number of turns of reversal, and this ration is decided by the interval of two adjacent boards of placing. Embodied on the drive belt: the positive linear displacement of the transmission belt is less than the reverse linear displacement by one displacement, and the displacement is the distance between two adjacent placing plates; is embodied on the negative pressure suction nozzle: when the distance between two adjacent placing plates is A, the motor rotates forwards for the first time, the negative pressure suction nozzle moves to the place where the plate is placed at the bottommost part of the placing frame, for example, the forward movement displacement of the negative pressure suction nozzle is 10A at the moment, after the motor rotates backwards, the negative pressure suction nozzle moves backwards and exceeds the initial position by the length of A, and the reverse movement of the negative pressure suction nozzle is 11A at the moment; corotation of motor second time, negative pressure suction nozzle forward move and be 10A, just in time remove to the bottommost place board department of placing above the board, and after the motor reversal, negative pressure suction nozzle continues to make reverse movement and crosses initial position length and be 2A, and negative pressure suction nozzle reverse movement is 11A at this moment, so operation repeatedly, can ensure: 1) the linear displacement of the forward rotation of the transmission belt is fixed, and the linear displacement of the forward movement at each time is the same, so that the displacement of the shifting plate at each time is the same; 2) each positive movement enables the negative pressure suction nozzle to reach the correct position to place the tobacco leaves on the placing plate from top to bottom in sequence. Of course, how to realize the transmission calculation between the transmission wheel and the belt pulley of the plate shifting mechanism needs to be calculated according to the radiuses of the transmission wheel, the sleeve, the indirect wheel and the belt pulley, and the requirement that the ratio of the product of the radiuses of the transmission wheel and the indirect wheel and the product of the radiuses of the sleeve and the belt pulley = the ratio of the positive displacement of the negative pressure suction nozzle to the distance between two adjacent placing plates can be met.
Finally, it should be noted that, although the present application does not describe in detail how the corresponding mechanisms such as the driving wheels, the motors, the placing racks, etc. are supported, as a common knowledge, the corresponding wheels may be connected to the chassis through the shaft rods to realize the support, and the corresponding motors may be connected to the chassis through the base, the plate bodies through the support rods, etc., because the actions in the present application only relate to the vertical plane, the corresponding support connection mechanisms do not affect the corresponding actions at all.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) this application design benefit through mutual transmission and the cooperation of a plurality of mechanisms, can only accomplish absorption, transmission and arrange in proper order under the effect of a power supply, for the many power unit among the prior art, has practiced thrift the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost of machinery by a wide margin.
2) This application structure is comparatively simple, and convenient operation for manual pole of plaiting article among the prior art, work efficiency promotes by a wide margin, presss from both sides and plaits these three kinds of modes of pole for cigarette frame, cigarette moreover, can regular tobacco leaf's interval completely, improves the inside air current unobstructed nature of baking house after the dress cigarette, improves the tobacco leaf and toasts modulation quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rod penetrating device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of the tobacco leaf drive, uptake and placement device of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the case of the rod penetrating mechanism in the device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a striking plate mechanism of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a bending tube structure of a negative pressure mechanism in the device shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the placing plate in the device shown in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-6, a tobacco leaf rod penetrating device of a rod hanging type curing barn comprises a machine case (not shown in the figure), a tobacco leaf sucking device 2, a tobacco leaf transmission device 1, a tobacco leaf placing device 3 and a rod penetrating mechanism 8 which are arranged in the machine case, wherein the top of the machine case is open;
the tobacco leaf transmission device 1 comprises three
the tobacco leaf suction device 2 comprises a negative pressure suction nozzle arranged on a horizontal section 12 of a transmission belt, the negative pressure suction nozzle comprises a silica gel suction nozzle 21 with an upper opening and a lower opening and a sealing cylinder 22 with a closed bottom and connected with the transmission belt, the top of the sealing cylinder 22 is integrally connected with the bottom of the silica gel suction nozzle 21, the tobacco leaf suction device 2 further comprises a bending pipe 23 arranged in parallel with the horizontal section 12 and a vertical section 13 of the transmission belt, the bending pipe 23 is hollow, two ends of the bending pipe are closed, an exhaust fan 27 is arranged at the bottom of the bending pipe 23, an air inlet of the exhaust fan 27 is communicated with the bending pipe, and an air; the pipe body of the bending pipe 23 facing the transmission belt is provided with a channel 25, two sides of the channel 25 are provided with adhesive tape pieces 26 for shielding the channel 25, one end of an exhaust pipe 24 which is in sliding fit with the channel 25 is connected and communicated with a sealing cylinder 22 of the negative pressure suction nozzle, and the other end of the exhaust pipe extrudes the adhesive tape pieces 26 and then penetrates through the channel 25 and is communicated with the bending pipe 23.
The tobacco leaf placing device 3 comprises a placing frame 31 arranged beside the
The frame plate of the placing frame 31 is provided with a plurality of horizontally extending through holes 32 at equal intervals from top to bottom, and one end of the placing
The plate shifting mechanism 4 comprises two belt pulleys 41 arranged up and down and a belt 42 tensioned by the two belt pulleys 41, and two shifting
The belt pulley at the bottom of the shifting plate mechanism is in transmission with the
a ratchet wheel 53 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the
the end of the
Wear rod mechanism 8 including holding box body 81 of pricking the pole, 3 tops of rack are equipped with draw-in groove 33 towards drive belt one side, box body 81 bottom and draw-in groove 33 joint, the bottom is prolonged its length direction and is equipped with grooved rail 82 in the box body 81, vertical arrangement has the sharp pole 83 of pricking of several bottoms in the box body 81, and prick pole 83 bottom and erect on grooved rail 82, the one end bottom of the length direction of box body 8 and the drive belt of keeping away from is seted up out pole mouth 84, grooved rail 82 corresponds the tip opening of pole mouth 84 department, it draws frame 85 still to be equipped with the stereoplasm that extends along box body length direction and be used for the parcel to prick pole length middle section in the box body, the stereoplasm draws frame 85 one end to seal, the other end passes to be connected with. The
Specifically, in the tobacco loading process of the tobacco leaves, the whole process of the invention is as follows (the limited direction is as follows, the positive rotation of the output end of the motor can enable the transmission belt to drive the negative pressure suction nozzle to move towards the placing rack, and the negative rotation of the output end of the motor can enable the transmission belt to drive the negative pressure suction nozzle to move reversely):
the motor and the exhaust fan are started, the negative pressure suction nozzle starts to move, a worker places tobacco leaves on the silica gel suction nozzle (the protruded veins on the tobacco leaf blades are on the back side, the front side is smooth and can better shield the silica gel suction nozzle, meanwhile, the length direction of the tobacco leaves and the transmission belt are required to be in a vertical state when the tobacco leaves are placed, the tobacco leaf handles and a second notch on the placing plate are arranged in the same direction), the exhaust fan extracts air in the bending pipe and the negative pressure suction nozzle, the negative pressure suction nozzle is shielded by the tobacco leaves when a channel on the bending pipe is shielded by the silica gel sheet, so that a negative pressure state can be kept in the bending pipe and the negative pressure suction nozzle, the negative pressure suction nozzle adsorbs the tobacco leaves, and the negative pressure suction nozzle drives the exhaust pipe to move along the channel on the bending pipe when moving along with the transmission belt, so that the inside of the negative pressure suction nozzle is always communicated with the inside of the bending pipe, the tape blade in its previous position remains shielded from the channel.
When the negative pressure suction nozzle moves to the lowest placing plate, the shifting plate on the shifting plate mechanism just moves upwards to push the placing plate to the maximum vertical height, the negative pressure suction nozzle moves downwards to a certain distance below the placing plate from the first notch of the placing plate, tobacco leaves adsorbed by the negative pressure suction nozzle are intercepted by the placing plate body at the first notch, so that the tobacco leaves are placed in the placing plate, meanwhile, the tobacco leaves slide downwards along the top plate surface of the placing plate under the action of gravity due to the inclined arrangement of the placing plate, and the tobacco leaves can smoothly enter the groove of the placing plate; meanwhile, when the negative pressure suction nozzle moves downwards to penetrate through the first notch, the shifting plate can continue to move upwards along with the belt, the shifting plate is separated from the current placing plate at the moment, the placing plate moves downwards along the through hole under the action of self weight, and the depth of the groove is only 1-2mm, so that the leaves of the tobacco leaves can be completely placed in the groove, and the main vein of the tobacco leaves can be exposed outside the groove.
The motor reversal afterwards, the drive belt drives negative pressure suction nozzle reverse movement, because the tobacco leaf moves down along placing the board and along with placing the board from the initial position that the board was placed in the contact and moving down, its whole displacement is the lapse, so when placing the board along the through-hole back that the process that moves down finishes, the reverse movement of negative pressure suction nozzle can not blockked in the instant position of tobacco leaf. When negative pressure suction nozzle reverse movement and reach the adsorption position, the staff replaces the tobacco leaf, then negative pressure suction nozzle removes to the bottommost place board department of placing above the board, the operation is placed to repeated tobacco leaf, so circulation is reciprocal, all place the blade of new absorption on the board is placed to the correspondence at every turn, and every places the board and all drive its tobacco leaf removal of accepting for the tobacco leaf all keeps leaning on in its main arteries and veins and places board plate body department, and the petiole exposes to placing outside the board completely from second breach department. Then the worker stops the motor to work, the pull frame is driven to pull outwards through the handle, the pull frame drives all the pricking pins on the groove rail to move along the groove rail, the pricking rod on the outermost side moves upwards along the opening end of the groove rail and finally moves out of the opening section of the groove rail, the action of the pricking rod is observed through the observation gap, when the pull handle stops being pulled when the pull handle falls and is moved out of the rod outlet of the box body, the binding rod is downwards bound from the second gap of the placing plate, the tobacco leaves sequentially pass through the leaf stalks of the tobacco leaves from top to bottom through the sharp bottom, then the binding rod is slightly lifted upwards, so that the tobacco leaves are separated from the placing plate, the limiting rods are completely attached to the plate body of the placing plate after the main veins of the tobacco leaves are not blocked, namely, the tobacco leaves are not blocked by the limiting rod any more, the binding rod can be continuously lifted and all the tobacco leaves are driven to be taken out from the case, the tobacco leaves on the binding rods can be distributed at equal intervals, and then the binding rods are orderly hung on a hanging beam of a curing barn to finish the tobacco loading.
The main veins of the tobacco leaves can be forced to be pressed at the through hole due to the falling of the placing plate, so that the end parts of the stems of the tobacco leaves on the placing rack are basically positioned on the same vertical line, the sharp-pointed parts of the binding rods can be accurately bound on the stems of the tobacco leaves, and the situation that the binding positions are different due to different sizes of the tobacco leaves is avoided. It should be noted here that the tobacco leaves are different from other crop leaves, the harvesting is divided into three batches of lower, middle and upper leaves, and the tobacco leaves are baked and modulated immediately after each harvesting, so the size difference of the tobacco leaves in the same batch is not particularly large, the tobacco leaves are large in size, the width of the main vein, particularly the end part of the vein, namely the leaf stalk, can reach 1-2cm, the thickness can reach 0.8-1.5cm, compared with the tobacco leaf with the thickness of 1-2mm, the main vein and the leaf stalk can completely bear the weight of the tobacco leaves, meanwhile, the main vein and the leaf stalk are used in the cigarette industry after modulation as tobacco stems, the value of the main vein and the leaf stalk is lower than that of the tobacco leaves, namely the tobacco shreds after the tobacco leaf stalks are modulated, the economic value is lower, and the main vein is.
Secondly, in the process, the transmission matching process of each mechanism of the application is as follows:
the invention only needs one motor as a power source to realize the orderly matching action of all the mechanisms, the output end of the motor rotates forwards for a certain time and drives the driving wheels at the horizontal section and the inclined section of the transmission belt to rotate, and the driving wheels drive the other two driving wheels and the negative pressure suction nozzle to move through the transmission of the transmission belt; meanwhile, the driving wheels at the vertical section and the inclined section of the driving belt drive the first driving rod to rotate positively, when the ratchet wheel at the end part of the first driving rod rotates positively, the pawl abuts against the wheel teeth of the ratchet wheel, the ratchet wheel drives the sleeve to rotate positively, and then the indirect wheel is driven to rotate positively through the indirect belt, and as the indirect wheel drives the belt pulley of the shifting plate mechanism and the corresponding belt to rotate positively through the second driving rod, the shifting plate close to the belt section at the placement frame is enabled to move upwards, and the shifting plate far away from the belt section at the placement frame is enabled to move downwards.
The in-process that the board that dials that is close to rack department belt section shifts up, the board roof of placing of the bottom on the rack can be contacted, because the roof of placing the board with dial the board parallel, so work as dial the board and shift up and contact when this roof of placing the board, make the roof drive and place the board and remove along corresponding through-hole, when dialling the board base and remove to the roof topside, the roof top of placing the board touches the through-hole, the displacement that makes progress of placing the board at this moment reaches the terminal point, dial the board and continue to move up the back, its roof separation with this place the board, this place the board and move and reset along the through-hole under the dead weight effect, dial the board of placing of board contact top simultaneously and make it shift up along the through-. So, along with shifting up of dialling the board, can push up in order and touch every and place the board for place the board on the rack by the lower supreme action of moving up and reseing in order, accomplish this action until the board of placing at top.
Meanwhile, the action of the shifting plate is driven by the connected belt, the transmission of the belt is indirect transmission based on the transmission belt, if the transmission belt moves forwards, the belt moves forwards, and if the transmission belt moves backwards, the belt moves backwards, and particularly the action of the shifting plate is up-and-down movement. But want to keep dialling the effect that the board pushed the board from bottom to top in order, dial the board and can only move up at the uniform velocity so, and can not do and move down, otherwise only can realize the relapse promotion to a certain board of placing. Therefore, the problem is solved through the one-way transmission mechanism, when the transmission belt moves forwards, the transmission wheel can finally realize the forward rotation of the belt and move the shifting plate upwards through the matching of the ratchet wheel and the pawl; when the transmission belt moves reversely, the ratchet gear rotates reversely and enables the pawl to rotate under the action of the torsion spring, and the sleeve cannot be driven to rotate reversely (because the sleeve and the indirect wheel tension the indirect belt, the friction force of the sleeve driving the indirect belt to rotate needs to be large enough, although the ratchet gear and the pawl have collision, the collision is far not enough to enable the sleeve to drive the indirect belt to rotate), and then the non-displacement action of the indirect belt, the indirect wheel and the plate shifting mechanism is realized. Therefore, the action of the shifting plate close to the placing plate can only be ensured to be upwards moved.
However, only by means of the one-way transmission device, the shifting plate can only move upwards, and the displacement cannot be guaranteed, so that the displacement of the shifting plate moving upwards at each time is guaranteed, and the placing plates on the placing frame are arranged at equal intervals, so that the tobacco leaves can be arranged at equal intervals on the binding rods. However, when the original position of the negative pressure suction nozzle is taken as a marking point, the positive movement amount of the negative pressure suction nozzle driven by the transmission belt every time is progressively reduced, namely, the negative pressure suction nozzle moves to the bottommost placing plate from the original position, and moves positively for the second time after reset, the negative pressure suction nozzle moves to the penultimate placing plate from the original position, the positive linear movement of the transmission belt is reduced, the number of rotation turns of the transmission belt is reduced, the positive belt linear movement of the plate shifting mechanism is reduced, the upward movement amount of the plate shifting mechanism is reduced, and finally the plate shifting mechanism cannot be smoothly matched with the action of the negative pressure suction nozzle to be in top contact with the placing plate.
Based on the problem, this application adopts following mode to solve, has set for the procedure through the singlechip to control the positive, reverse rotation mode and the operating time of motor, and the time of corotation and reversal is fixed at every turn, but the number of turns of corotation will be less a ration than the number of turns of reversal, and this ration is decided by the interval of two adjacent boards of placing. Embodied on the drive belt: the positive linear displacement of the transmission belt is less than the reverse linear displacement by one displacement, and the displacement is the distance between two adjacent placing plates; is embodied on the negative pressure suction nozzle: when the distance between two adjacent placing plates is A, the motor rotates forwards for the first time, the negative pressure suction nozzle moves to the place where the plate is placed at the bottommost part of the placing frame, for example, the forward movement displacement of the negative pressure suction nozzle is 10A at the moment, after the motor rotates backwards, the negative pressure suction nozzle moves backwards and exceeds the initial position by the length of A, and the reverse movement of the negative pressure suction nozzle is 11A at the moment; corotation of motor second time, negative pressure suction nozzle forward move and be 10A, just in time remove to the bottommost place board department of placing above the board, and after the motor reversal, negative pressure suction nozzle continues to make reverse movement and crosses initial position length and be 2A, and negative pressure suction nozzle reverse movement is 11A at this moment, so operation repeatedly, can ensure: 1) the linear displacement of the forward rotation of the transmission belt is fixed, and the linear displacement of the forward movement at each time is the same, so that the displacement of the shifting plate at each time is the same; 2) each positive movement enables the negative pressure suction nozzle to reach the correct position to place the tobacco leaves on the placing plate from top to bottom in sequence. Of course, how to realize the transmission calculation between the transmission wheel and the belt pulley of the plate shifting mechanism needs to be calculated according to the radiuses of the transmission wheel, the sleeve, the indirect wheel and the belt pulley, and the requirement that the ratio of the product of the radiuses of the transmission wheel and the indirect wheel and the product of the radiuses of the sleeve and the belt pulley = the ratio of the positive displacement of the negative pressure suction nozzle to the distance between two adjacent placing plates can be met.
Finally, it should be noted that, although the present application does not describe in detail how the corresponding mechanisms such as the driving wheels, the motors, the placing racks, etc. are supported, as a common knowledge, the corresponding wheels may be connected to the chassis through the shaft rods to realize the support, and the corresponding motors may be connected to the chassis through the base, the plate bodies through the support rods, etc., because the actions in the present application only relate to the vertical plane, the corresponding support connection mechanisms do not affect the corresponding actions at all.
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