阅读说明：本技术 一种一柱一桩人工与机械干作业组合成孔施工方法 (One-column one-pile manual and mechanical dry operation combined hole forming construction method ) 是由 高纲要 陈浩 辛亚兵 胡昊璋 张明亮 陈维超 周建发 于 2020-07-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种一柱一桩人工与机械干作业组合成孔施工方法,包括以下步骤：(1)利用封闭式已入岩的地下连续墙前期施工,隔断地下承压水；(2)选用合适的旋挖钻机进行岩层成孔；(3)对桩位进行测量放线；(4)对上部松散土层进行人工开孔至中风化岩层；(5)对人工开孔采用钢筋混凝土护壁进行稳固；(6)采用旋挖钻机开挖至地下室底板底标高；(7)吊摄像头检查护壁稳定性和地下水情况；(8)下人检查成孔偏差；(9)人工修、扩孔进行纠偏；(10)采用旋挖钻机第二次开挖至桩基设计底标高；(11)采用旋挖钻机机械扩底,再用人工修、扩、清底；(12)单桩成孔验收。利用本发明,可满足一柱一桩垂直度高和承载力高的要求。(A one-column one-pile manual and mechanical dry operation combined hole forming construction method comprises the following steps: (1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) utilizing closed underground diaphragm walls which are drilled into rocks to conduct early-stage construction to partition underground confined water; (2) selecting a proper rotary drilling rig to perform rock stratum pore-forming; (3) measuring and setting out the pile position; (4) manually opening the upper loose soil layer to the stroke formation; (5) the artificial open pore is stabilized by adopting a reinforced concrete dado; (6) excavating to the bottom elevation of the basement bottom plate by adopting a rotary drilling rig; (7) a camera is hung to check the stability of the retaining wall and the condition of underground water; (8) checking hole forming deviation by a next person; (9) correcting the deviation by manual repair and reaming; (10) excavating for the second time to reach the designed bottom elevation of the pile foundation by adopting a rotary drilling rig; (11) mechanically expanding the bottom by adopting a rotary drilling rig, and then manually repairing, expanding and cleaning the bottom; (12) and (5) checking and accepting the formed hole of the single pile. The invention can meet the requirements of high verticality and high bearing capacity of one column and one pile.)

1. A one-column one-pile manual and mechanical dry operation combined hole forming construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) the closed underground diaphragm wall which is drilled into rock is used for early construction to block underground confined water, and a primary condition is created for manual hole opening dry operation of one column and one pile;

(2) selecting a proper rotary drilling rig to form a hole in the rock stratum according to the requirements of rock stratum strength, pile diameter and verticality;

(3) measuring and setting out the pile position;

(4) manually opening the upper loose soil layer to the stroke formation;

(5) the artificial open pore is stabilized by adopting a reinforced concrete dado;

(6) excavating to the bottom elevation of the basement bottom plate by adopting a rotary drilling rig;

(7) a camera is hung to check the stability of the retaining wall and the condition of underground water;

(8) checking hole forming deviation by a next person;

(9) correcting the deviation by manual repair and reaming;

(10) excavating for the second time to reach the designed bottom elevation of the pile foundation by adopting a rotary drilling rig;

(11) mechanically expanding the bottom by adopting a rotary drilling rig, and then manually repairing, expanding and cleaning the bottom;

(12) and (5) checking and accepting the formed hole of the single pile.

2. The one-column one-pile manual and mechanical dry operation combined hole forming construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the types of the rotary drilling rig are numbered according to the torque of a power head, the larger the type is, namely the larger the torque is, the stronger the rock breaking capacity is, and meanwhile, the thicker the diameter of the drill rod is and the longer the single drill rod is, the stronger the deviation rectifying capacity of the equipment is.

3. The combined manual and mechanical dry-job hole-forming construction method for one column-one pile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step (4), the diameter of the manual hole is 0.2 ± 0.01m larger than the diameter of the pile, and the hole is dug to a depth of more than 1.0m from the unconsolidated rock formation.

4. The manual and mechanical dry-working combined hole-forming construction method for one column-one pile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (5), the manual hole-forming retaining wall is provided with a retaining ring beam and an embedded part at the top position of the steel upright column.

5. The combined hole-forming construction method of one-column one-pile manual and mechanical dry operation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step (6), the operation is performed according to the instructions of the rotary drilling rig, and particularly, the ground pressure, the external dimension, the turning radius, the weight, the maximum slope, the mast and the drilling tool of the equipment are taken into consideration.

6. The one-column one-pile manual and mechanical dry operation combined hole forming construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step (8), hole forming deviation is checked by using a hanging hammer; when the deviation of the center of the formed hole is detected to be larger than 0.05m, manually guiding the positioning hole again for correcting the deviation, and entering a flow (9); otherwise, the flow (10) is entered.

7. The manual and mechanical dry operation combined hole forming construction method for one column and one pile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (9), when the deviation of the hole forming center is detected to be larger than 0.05m, the step of correcting the deviation by manually re-guiding the positioning hole for the second time is adopted: firstly, chiseling a deviation part of a lateral hole wall by using an air pick, wherein the deviation part exceeds the height of a drilling bucket by 0.3 +/-0.1 m; and in the second step, the rectifying holes with the hole depth of 0.5 +/-0.1 m are led downwards again.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a construction method for one-column-one-pile manual and mechanical dry operation combined hole forming.

Background

The high-rise building adopts the construction of one column and one pile by the reverse construction method and has the characteristics of large rock penetration depth, large bearing capacity and high verticality requirement. The existing pile foundation pore-forming construction method has the following problems: the steel casing dado pore-forming process is adopted, so that the construction vibration noise is large; due to no effective deviation rectifying measures, the perpendicularity deviation of the pile body is overlarge; due to the limitation of rotary drilling rig equipment, the mechanical bottom expanding cannot meet the design requirement, the bottom of a well cannot be cleaned up, and the like, and the bearing capacity of a pile foundation is influenced. At present, the control of the pile foundation verticality and the pile foundation pore-forming hole cleaning quality have no good solution and processing scheme, so that the improvement of the pile verticality and the improvement of the pile foundation pore-forming hole cleaning quality are major problems to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the engineering field.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the background technology and provide a combined hole-forming construction method of one-column-one-pile manual and mechanical dry operation.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a one-column one-pile manual and mechanical dry operation combined hole forming construction method comprises the following steps:

(1) the closed underground diaphragm wall which is drilled into rock is used for early construction to block underground confined water, and a primary condition is created for manual hole opening dry operation of one column and one pile;

(2) selecting a proper rotary drilling rig to form a hole in the rock stratum according to the requirements of rock stratum strength, pile diameter and verticality;

(3) measuring and setting out the pile position;

(4) manually opening the upper loose soil layer to the stroke formation;

(5) the artificial open pore is stabilized by adopting a reinforced concrete dado;

(6) excavating to the bottom elevation of the basement bottom plate by adopting a rotary drilling rig;

(7) a camera is hung to check the stability of the retaining wall and the condition of underground water;

(8) checking hole forming deviation by a next person;

(9) correcting the deviation by manual repair and reaming;

(10) excavating for the second time to reach the designed bottom elevation of the pile foundation by adopting a rotary drilling rig;

(11) mechanically expanding the bottom by adopting a rotary drilling rig, and then manually repairing, expanding and cleaning the bottom;

(12) and (5) checking and accepting the formed hole of the single pile.

Preferably, in the step (2), the types of the rotary drilling rig are numbered according to the torque of the power head, the larger the type is, namely the larger the torque is, the stronger the rock breaking capacity is, and meanwhile, the thicker the diameter of the drill rod is, the longer the single section of drill rod is, the stronger the deviation rectifying capacity of the equipment is.

Preferably, in the step (4), the diameter of the artificial open hole is 0.2 +/-0.01 m larger than the diameter of the pile, and the open hole is dug to a depth of more than 1.0m of the stroke chemical rock stratum.

Preferably, in the step (5), a retaining wall ring beam and an embedded part are arranged at the top of the steel upright post of the manual hole-opening retaining wall, so that the effects of fixing the steel upright post and strengthening the stability of the retaining wall are achieved.

Preferably, in the step (6), the operation is performed according to the use instructions of the rotary drilling rig, and particularly attention is paid to the ground pressure, the external dimension, the turning radius, the weight, the maximum slope, the mast and the drilling tool of the equipment.

Preferably, in the step (8), the deviation of the formed hole is checked by using a hanging hammer; when the deviation of the center of the formed hole is detected to be larger than 0.05m, manually guiding the positioning hole again for correcting the deviation, and entering a flow (9); otherwise, the flow (10) is entered.

Preferably, in the step (9), when the deviation of the center of the hole is detected to be greater than 0.05m, the step of manually re-guiding the positioning hole for correcting the deviation is performed by adopting the following steps: firstly, chiseling a deviation part of a lateral hole wall by using an air pick, wherein the deviation part exceeds the height of a drilling bucket by 0.3 +/-0.1 m; and in the second step, the rectifying holes with the hole depth of 0.5 +/-0.1 m are led downwards again.

The technical principle is as follows:

aiming at the condition that the loose soil layer on the upper part of the foundation is deep (5-8 m), the reinforced concrete retaining wall is adopted to improve the stability of the hole wall of the loose soil layer on the upper part of the pile foundation, and favorable conditions are created for manual underground operation and steel column top support; according to the requirements of rock stratum strength, pile diameter and verticality, a proper rotary drilling rig is selected for rock stratum pore-forming, the type of the rotary drilling rig is numbered according to the torque of a power head, the larger the type is, namely the larger the torque is, the stronger the rock breaking capacity is, and meanwhile, the thicker the diameter of a drill rod is, the longer a single drill rod is, the stronger the deviation rectifying capacity of the equipment is; when the rotary drilling rig digs to the bottom elevation of the basement, a deviation rectifying process is added, namely, a hole (pit) is relocated at the bottom of the basement for secondary deviation rectification so as to improve the verticality of the pile foundation; in order to solve the problems that the design requirement cannot be met by bottom expanding of a rotary drilling rig and dry cleaning cannot be carried out at the bottom of a well, when the rotary drilling rig drills to the designed elevation of the pile bottom, the rotary drilling rig is firstly adopted to mechanically expand the bottom and then manually repair, expand and clean the bottom, so that the bearing capacity of a pile foundation is improved; the invention is suitable for one-column one-pile hole forming construction in a reverse construction method in a rock and soil area.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the reinforced concrete retaining wall is adopted to solve the stability of the hole wall of the upper loose soil layer and reduce the influence of construction noise on surrounding residents; when the rotary drilling rig digs to the bottom elevation of the basement, a deviation rectifying process is added, namely, a hole (pit) is relocated at the bottom of the basement for secondary deviation rectification so as to meet the requirement of high verticality of one column and one pile; after the rotary drilling rig is adopted to drill to the designed elevation of the pile bottom, the rotary drilling rig is firstly used for mechanically expanding the bottom, and then manual repair, expansion and bottom cleaning are carried out, so that the requirement of high bearing capacity of one pile is met.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic process diagram of a hole-forming construction method combining manual and mechanical dry operations for one column and one pile according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a manual hole guiding secondary deviation rectifying process performed when the rotary drilling rig drills to the bottom elevation of the basement bottom plate;

in fig. 1: 1. the method comprises the following steps of (1) outdoor terrace, 2. pile length when a manual hole digging pile enters a medium-stroke petrochemical rock stratum, 3. retaining wall ring beams and embedded parts, 4. reinforced concrete retaining wall, 5. pile cap elevation, 6. pile cap, 7. dowel bars of the columns, 8. pile body length, and 9. welding stiffening rings;

in fig. 2: 10. the method comprises the steps of pile central axis, 11. drilling bucket deviation track, 12. well wall theoretical vertical line, 13. rock stratum, 14. deviation correcting height, 15. chiseling verticality deviation hole wall, 16. drilling bucket height, 17. bottom plate bottom elevation, 18. manual pilot hole depth, 19. manual pilot hole (pit) for bit track deviation correction, and 20. pile diameter.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a hole forming construction method combining manual and mechanical dry operation for one column and one pile comprises the following steps:

(1) the closed underground diaphragm wall which is drilled into rock is used for early construction to block underground confined water, and a primary condition is created for manual hole opening dry operation of one column and one pile;

(2) selecting a proper rotary drilling rig to form a hole in the rock stratum according to the requirements of rock stratum strength, pile diameter and verticality;

(3) measuring and setting out the pile position;

(4) manually opening the upper loose soil layer to the stroke formation;

(5) the artificial open pore is stabilized by adopting a reinforced concrete dado;

(6) excavating to the bottom elevation of the basement bottom plate by adopting a rotary drilling rig;

(7) a camera is hung to check the stability of the retaining wall and the condition of underground water;

(8) checking hole forming deviation by a next person;

(9) correcting the deviation by manual repair and reaming;

(10) excavating for the second time to reach the designed bottom elevation of the pile foundation by adopting a rotary drilling rig;

(11) mechanically expanding the bottom by adopting a rotary drilling rig, and manually repairing, expanding and cleaning the bottom to meet the design and specification requirements;

(12) and (5) checking and accepting the formed hole of the single pile.

In the step (2), the types of the rotary drilling rig are numbered according to the torque of the power head, the larger the type is, namely the larger the torque is, the stronger the rock breaking capacity is, and meanwhile, the thicker the diameter of the drill rod is and the longer the single section of drill rod is, the stronger the deviation rectifying capacity of the equipment is.

In the step (4), the diameter of the manual hole is 0.2m larger than the diameter of the pile, and the hole is dug to a depth of more than 1.0m of the stroke stratum.

In the step (5), a retaining wall ring beam and an embedded part 3 are arranged at the top of the steel upright post for manually perforating the retaining wall so as to play roles in fixing the steel upright post and strengthening the stability of the retaining wall.

In the step (6), the operation is performed according to the use instruction of the rotary drilling rig, and particularly, the grounding specific pressure, the external dimension, the turning radius, the weight, the maximum slope, the mast and the drilling tool of the equipment are paid attention to.

In the step (8), checking hole forming deviation by using a hanging hammer; when the deviation of the center of the formed hole is detected to be larger than 0.05m, manually guiding the positioning hole again for correcting the deviation, and entering a flow (9); otherwise, the flow (10) is entered.

In the step (9), when the deviation of the center of the formed hole is detected to be larger than 0.05m, the step of manually guiding the positioning hole again for correcting the deviation is as follows: firstly, chiseling a deviation part of a lateral hole wall by using an air pick, wherein the deviation part exceeds the height of a drilling bucket by 0.3 +/-0.1 m; and in the second step, the rectifying holes with the hole depth of 0.5 +/-0.1 m are led downwards again.

Through the steps, the hole wall stability of the upper loose soil layer is solved by adopting the reinforced concrete retaining wall, and the influence of construction noise on surrounding residents is reduced; when the rotary drilling rig digs to the bottom elevation of the basement, a deviation rectifying process is added, namely, a hole (pit) is relocated at the bottom of the basement for secondary deviation rectification so as to meet the requirement of high verticality of one column and one pile; after the rotary drilling rig is adopted to drill to the designed elevation of the pile bottom, the rotary drilling rig is firstly used for mechanically expanding the bottom, and then manual repair, expansion and bottom cleaning are carried out, so that the requirement of high bearing capacity of one pile is met.

In practice, the above method can be optimized or expanded by the following embodiments, and the technical features and steps in all the following embodiments can be combined arbitrarily within a reasonable range, and the division of the embodiments is only for the sake of example and reading convenience, and is not limited by the combination manner and the protection range.