Iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with oxide film, and preparation method, application and preparation device thereof
阅读说明：本技术 具有氧化膜的铁铬铝合金丝及其制备方法、应用和制备装置 (Iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with oxide film, and preparation method, application and preparation device thereof ) 是由 李刚 陶科 韩鹏 郑晓丹 于 2020-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种具有氧化膜的铁铬铝合金丝及其制备方法、应用和制备装置,所述具有氧化膜的铁铬铝合金丝包括铁铬铝合金基体和氧化膜,所述氧化膜包覆在所述铁铬铝合金基体的外侧,所述氧化膜为含有Cr<Sub>2</Sub>O<Sub>3</Sub>和Fe<Sub>2</Sub>O<Sub>3</Sub>的复合氧化物。该氧化膜密度较大,能够很好的包裹在铁铬铝基体表面,有效避免作为电阻丝使用时导致的加热氧化问题,延长了铁铬铝合金丝使用寿命,1350℃下快速寿命最高可达120h,且美观大方；还可以避免光亮铁铬铝合金丝长期存放导致的锈蚀问题。(The invention provides an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film, and a preparation method, application and a preparation device thereof 2 O 3 And Fe 2 O 3 The composite oxide of (3). The oxide film has high density, can be well wrapped on the surface of an iron-chromium-aluminum matrix, effectively avoids the problem of heating oxidation caused by using the oxide film as a resistance wire, prolongs the service life of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire, has a quick service life of 120h at 1350 ℃, and is attractive and elegant; can also avoid the corrosion problem caused by long-term storage of bright iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wires.)
1. The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film is characterized by comprising an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix and the oxide film, wherein the oxide film is coated on the outer side of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix and contains Cr2O3And Fe2O3The composite oxide of (3).
2. Root of herbaceous plantThe Fe-Cr-Al alloy wire with the oxide film according to claim 1, wherein the oxide film is golden yellow, the thickness of the oxide film is 1-2 μm, and the density of the oxide film is 5.2-5.5 g/cm3。
3. The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix is 1.2-4.75 mm.
4. The ferrochromium-aluminum alloy surface treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the ferrochromium-aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: cr: 19.5-23.5%, Al: 5.0 to 6.5 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
5. The method for preparing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the steps of,
obtaining drawn iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wires;
and continuously annealing and cooling the drawn iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire in an oxidizing atmosphere to form golden yellow oxides on the surface of the drawn iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire, so as to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film.
6. The method for preparing an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film according to claim 5, wherein the oxidizing atmosphere is obtained by blowing air or oxygen, and when air is blown, the air flow is 3.5-4.5 m3Min; when oxygen is blown in, the flow rate of the oxygen is 0.7-1.0 m3/min。
7. The method for preparing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film according to claim 5, wherein in the continuous annealing, the annealing temperature is 750-800 ℃, and the holding time is 3-5 min.
8. The method for preparing the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film according to claim 5, wherein the cooling is water cooling, and the water cooling finishing temperature is 20-25 ℃.
9. The use of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film is used for manufacturing a resistance wire.
10. The manufacturing device for the manufacturing method of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the device comprises a continuous annealing furnace and a blower, the continuous annealing furnace is provided with a conduit, an air inlet of the conduit is communicated with an air outlet of the blower, and an air inlet of the blower is communicated with an oxidizing gas source.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire preparation, and particularly relates to an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film, and a preparation method, application and a preparation device thereof.
Background
The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy is used as a high-temperature-resistant alloy and has good oxidation resistance and creep resistance. The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire needs to be subjected to annealing heat treatment after being subjected to multi-pass drawing so as to eliminate residual stress and improve the service performance such as tensile strength. In order to ensure good oxidation resistance of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy, a continuous annealing heat treatment process is mostly adopted, nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas is adopted in the annealing process, and meanwhile, the flow of the nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas is controlled, so that the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire is not oxidized in a high-temperature environment. The bright iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire after continuous annealing treatment has bright and clean surface and can meet the use conditions of most customers.
The surface of the bright alloy wire is not oxidized, but in the using process, the bright iron-chromium-aluminum alloy serving as a high-temperature resistance material can be continuously heated at 800-1100 ℃, and the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy resistance wire can be subjected to oxidation reaction from outside to inside in the whole heating process, so that the creep resistance and the service life of the resistance wire are influenced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film, and a preparation method, application and a preparation device thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem of short service life caused by heating and oxidation in the use process of a bright iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film, where the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film includes an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy substrate and an oxide film, the oxide film is coated on an outer side of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy substrate, and the oxide film is a film containing Cr2O3And Fe2O3The composite oxide of (3).
Further, the oxide film is golden yellow, the thickness of the oxide film is 1-2 mu m, and the density of the oxide film is 5.2-5.5 g/cm3。
Further, the diameter of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix is 1.2-4.75 mm.
Further, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: cr: 19.5-23.5%, Al: 5.0 to 6.5 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film, where the method includes,
obtaining drawn iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wires;
and continuously annealing and cooling the drawn iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire in an oxidizing atmosphere to form golden yellow oxides on the surface of the drawn iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire, so as to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film.
Further, the oxidizing atmosphere is obtained by blowing air or oxygen, and when air is blown, the air flow is 3.5-4.5 m3Min; when oxygen is blown in, the flow rate of the oxygen is 0.7-1.0 m3/min。
Further, in the continuous annealing, the annealing temperature is 750-800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-5 min.
Further, the cooling is water cooling, and the finishing temperature of the water cooling is 20-25 ℃.
In a third aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides an application of the above iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film, and the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film is used for manufacturing a resistance wire.
In a fourth aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation device used in the preparation method of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film, the device comprises a continuous annealing furnace and a blower, the continuous annealing furnace is provided with a conduit, an air inlet of the conduit is communicated with an air outlet of the blower, and an air inlet of the blower is communicated with an oxidizing gas source.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the embodiment of the invention provides an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film and a preparation method, application and a preparation device thereof, wherein the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film comprises an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix and the oxide film, the oxide film is coated on the outer side of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix, the oxide film has high density and can be well coated on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum matrix, the oxide film can block air from contacting with the iron-chromium-aluminum wire inside, the further oxidation of oxygen is prevented, the problem of heating oxidation caused when the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire is used as a resistance wire is effectively avoided, the service life of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire is prolonged, the quick service life at 1350 ℃ can reach 120h at most, and the. Can also avoid the corrosion problem caused by long-term storage of bright iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wires.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film prepared by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire having an oxide film prepared under natural air convection conditions of comparative example 1;
FIG. 3 is a bright iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire prepared by a conventional process;
FIG. 4 is a device for manufacturing an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a device for manufacturing bright iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire by using a conventional process.
In fig. 4 and 5: 1-a ferro-chromium-aluminum alloy wire rod; 2-annealing furnace body; 3-a blower; 4-a conduit; 5-a water cooling device; 6-air blowing device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film, where the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film includes an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy substrate and an oxide film, the oxide film is coated on an outer side of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy substrate, and the oxide film is a film containing Cr2O3And Fe2O3The composite oxide of (3).
Cr2O3And Fe2O3The oxide film of the composite oxide is coated on the surface of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix, specifically referring to fig. 1, (the actual color of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire in fig. 1 is golden yellow), and the composite oxide has high compactness, can well prevent air from contacting with the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire inside, prevents oxygen from further oxidation, effectively avoids the problem of heating oxidation caused by using as a resistance wire, prolongs the service life of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire, and is elegant in appearance. Can also avoid the corrosion problem caused by long-term storage of bright iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wires.
In the subsequent machining process of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film, the extension rates of the oxide film and the internal iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire are kept consistent, and the falling-off condition is avoided.
Further, the oxide film is golden yellow, the thickness of the oxide film is 1-2 mu m, and the density of the oxide film is 5.2-5.5 g/cm3。
The oxide film with a certain thickness can prevent oxygen and water in the air from entering the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire matrix, so that oxidation is avoided. The density of the oxide film is greater than that of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire, so that the oxide film can be tightly combined with the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix.
Further, the diameter of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy matrix is 1.2-4.75 mm.
Further, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: cr: 19.5-23.5%, Al: 5.0 to 6.5 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film, the method including,
s1, obtaining a drawn iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire;
s2, continuously annealing and cooling the drawn iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire in an oxidizing atmosphere to form golden yellow oxides on the surface of the drawn iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire, so as to obtain the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film.
The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy has good oxidation resistance and creep resistance as a high-temperature-resistant alloy. The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire has a work hardening phenomenon after being drawn for multiple times, and needs to be subjected to annealing heat treatment to eliminate residual stress and improve the use performances such as tensile strength and the like.
Under the oxidizing atmosphere, the chromium element and the iron element in the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy respectively generate oxidation reaction with oxygen, and chemical reaction exists between the oxides to form a material containing Cr2O3And Fe2O3The oxide of the composite oxide of (4), which has a golden yellow color due to the presence of chromium and iron elements.
The traditional continuous annealing process is to introduce nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas to ensure that the iron-chromium-aluminum finished wire is not oxidized in a high-temperature environment, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire produced by the traditional annealing process has a bright and clean surface, but is easy to rust when stored in humid air for a long time, and the surface of the wire is oxidized and blackened under a continuous heating condition, so that the service life is shortened.
Further, the oxidizing atmosphere is obtained by blowing air or oxygen, and when air is blown, the air flow is 3.5-4.5 m3Min; when oxygen is blown in, the flow rate of the oxygen is 0.7-1.0 m3/min。
When the gas flow is too small, the oxidation is incomplete, the color difference exists on the appearance, and the service life is not uniform. The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire under the air natural convection condition can be seen in fig. 2 (fig. 2, the actual color of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire is non-uniformly covered with golden yellow). When the gas flow is too large, energy waste is caused.
Further, in the continuous annealing, the annealing temperature is 750-800 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3-5 min.
Controlling the continuous annealing temperature, on one hand, the work hardening can be removed; on the other hand, at the annealing temperature, the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire is reacted with oxygen to form an oxide film. The continuous annealing temperature is too high, the surface of the alloy wire is easy to cause overburning, the surface oxidation degree is higher, and compact Cr is removed2O3In addition, Al is easily formed2O3And Fe2O3The two oxides are loose and black, and are easy to fall off in the subsequent processing process, so that the surface quality and the mechanical property of the material are affected, the continuous annealing temperature is too low, the annealing temperature is insufficient, the stress release of the material during processing is incomplete, brittle fracture is easy to generate in the use process, the surface oxidation is incomplete, and the generated oxidation color is not uniform.
Further, the cooling is water cooling, and the finishing temperature of the water cooling is 20-25 ℃.
The water cooling has the function of rapidly cooling the material and preventing further growth of crystal grains and precipitated phases.
In a third aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides an application of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film, and the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film is used for manufacturing a resistance wire.
As high temperature resistance material, can be at 800 ~ 1100 ℃ lower continuous heating, the iron chromium aluminum alloy silk that has the oxide film of this application, in the heating, because the guard action of oxide film, avoid iron chromium aluminum alloy and oxygen to take place oxidation reaction to can be by the emergence oxidation reaction of outside to inside when avoiding traditional bright iron chromium aluminum resistance wire heating, and then improve the creep resistance performance and the life of resistance wire.
In a fourth aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation device used in the preparation method of the iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with the oxide film, the device comprises a continuous annealing furnace and an air blower 3, the continuous annealing furnace is provided with a conduit 4, an air inlet of the conduit 4 is communicated with an air outlet of the air blower 3, and an air inlet of the air blower 3 is communicated with an oxidizing gas source.
FIG. 4 shows an apparatus for manufacturing Fe-Cr-Al alloy wire with oxide film according to the present invention, and with reference to FIG. 4, the continuous annealing furnace includes an annealing furnace body 2, a conduit 4 and a water cooling device 5. The bundled iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire rod 1 is straightened by the unwinding device and then enters an annealing furnace through a wire conduit 4, continuous annealing is carried out at the temperature of 750-800 ℃ and at a certain linear speed, and the heat preservation time is guaranteed to be 3-6 min. After the continuous annealing is finished, the wire rod enters the water cooling device 5 along the wire pipe 4 for cooling, and finally is wound into a bundle through the winding device. Throughout the process, the conduit 3 communicates with the blower 3. In a high temperature state, the surface of the wire rod is oxidized in the conduit 4 by the oxidizing gas entering the conduit 4, and an oxide film is formed.
Fig. 5 shows a manufacturing apparatus of bright iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire according to the conventional process, and it can be known from fig. 5 that, according to the conventional process, a blowing device 6 is used to blow in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed gas into a conduit 4 communicated with the blowing device, so as to control the wire rod in the conduit not to be oxidized.
The continuous annealing furnace is the prior art, and is not limited herein, and any continuous annealing furnace that can realize the functions of the present application can be used in the present application.
The iron-chromium-aluminum alloy wire with an oxide film of the present application, and a method, an application, and an apparatus for manufacturing the same will be described in detail with reference to examples, comparative examples, and experimental data.