阅读说明：本技术 一种复合装甲板成型方法 (Composite armor plate forming method ) 是由 张炀 王博 魏成霖 卞晓兵 刘海峰 黄广炎 于 2021-03-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种复合装甲板成型方法,包括以下步骤：第一步：将面板作为模具放置在架车上,保持面板平稳；第二步：将纤维预浸料按照预设要求裁剪下料,铺叠整理后,贴合在面板上；第三步：将透气毡放置在纤维预浸料上,并密封；第四步：整理完成之后,将真空泵与真空袋连接,并抽真空,保压30min,测试真空袋密闭性能；第五步：完成密闭性试验后,将架车推入热压罐内；第六步：打开真空泵,控制真空表读数在0至-0.1之间,分三级并逐级调整热压罐罐内温度和压力,制备复合装甲板；第七步：完成复合装甲板之后,调整罐内压力至常压,关闭热压罐加热装置,待罐内压力、温度降至常温常压后,将复合装甲板制品脱模取出。(The invention discloses a composite armor plate forming method, which comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: placing the panel as a mould on a trolley to keep the panel stable; the second step is that: cutting and blanking fiber prepreg according to preset requirements, laying and finishing the fiber prepreg, and attaching the fiber prepreg to a panel; the third step: placing the airfelt on the fiber prepreg and sealing; the fourth step: after finishing, connecting a vacuum pump with a vacuum bag, vacuumizing, maintaining the pressure for 30min, and testing the sealing performance of the vacuum bag; the fifth step: after the tightness test is finished, pushing the frame vehicle into a hot-pressing tank; and a sixth step: opening a vacuum pump, controlling the reading of a vacuum meter to be between 0 and-0.1, and adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the autoclave tank in three stages step by step to prepare a composite armor plate; the seventh step: and after the composite armor plate is finished, adjusting the pressure in the tank to normal pressure, closing the heating device of the autoclave, and demolding and taking out the composite armor plate product after the pressure and the temperature in the tank are reduced to normal temperature and normal pressure.)

1. A method for forming a composite armor plate, comprising the steps of:

the first step is as follows: placing the panel as a mould on a trolley to keep the panel stable;

the second step is that: cutting and blanking fiber prepreg according to preset requirements, laying and finishing the fiber prepreg, and attaching the fiber prepreg to a panel;

the third step: placing the airfelt on the fiber prepreg and sealing;

the fourth step: after finishing, connecting a vacuum pump with a vacuum bag, vacuumizing, maintaining the pressure for 30min, and testing the sealing performance of the vacuum bag;

the fifth step: after the tightness test is finished, pushing the frame vehicle into a hot-pressing tank;

and a sixth step: opening a vacuum pump, controlling the reading of a vacuum meter to be between 0 and-0.1, and adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the autoclave tank in three stages step by step to prepare a composite armor plate;

the seventh step: and after the composite armor plate is finished, adjusting the pressure in the tank to normal pressure, closing the heating device of the autoclave, and demolding and taking out the composite armor plate product after the pressure and the temperature in the tank are reduced to normal temperature and normal pressure.

2. A method of forming a composite armor plate according to claim 1, wherein the material of the face plate in the first step is a ceramic material or a metallic material or a composite material.

3. A method of forming a composite armor plate according to claim 2, wherein the panel in the first step is a shaped boron carbide ceramic panel or a ballistic steel panel or a shaped silicon carbide ceramic panel or a shaped composite panel.

4. The method for forming a composite armor plate according to claim 1, wherein the material of the fiber prepreg in the second step is one or a combination of two or more of a glass fiber prepreg, a carbon fiber prepreg, an aramid fiber prepreg and an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg.

5. The method for forming a composite armor plate according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the temperature in the tank is set to be 50-70 ℃, the pressure is 3-7MPa, and the temperature is kept for 15 min; the second stage is to set the temperature in the tank to 70-100 ℃ and the pressure to 7-15MPa, and keep for 15 min; the third stage is to raise the temperature in the autoclave to 100-135 deg.C and the pressure to 15-25MPa, and keep for 30 min.

6. A method of forming a composite armor plate according to claim 1, wherein in said third step sealing is performed using a vacuum bag and sealing tape.

7. A method of forming a composite armor plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the autoclave body is of an inner and outer sleeve construction.

8. A method of forming a composite armor plate as claimed in claim 7, wherein a heating means and a cooling means are provided between the inner and outer sleeve structures of the autoclave canister.

9. A method of forming a composite armor plate as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step seven the cooling means is turned on after the heating means is turned off.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of protective equipment, in particular to a forming method of a composite armor plate.

Background

The composite armor plate is formed by combining more than two kinds of elastic-resistant materials through a reasonable process (usually, inorganic materials and organic composite materials are combined), and can meet wider and harsh protection requirements, so that more excellent protection performance is obtained. At present, the composite deck is widely applied to military fields such as ships, vehicles, aviation and the like. The composite armor plate is generally composed of a face plate and a back plate, wherein the face plate is generally made of high-hardness inorganic materials such as ceramics and metals, and the back plate is generally made of high-performance fiber composite materials.

At present, all common armor structures are flat plate structures, and in the manufacturing process, a panel and a back plate are respectively prepared and then are co-cured through a hot pressing process (bonding and forming are carried out by using an adhesive). Therefore, the bulletproof armor plate prepared by the traditional process has the problems of large mass, low protection efficiency and incapability of preparing large-scale complex structures.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a method of forming a composite armor plate that combines mature materials with manufacturing techniques to produce armor composites of complex shape, high curvature and high performance without the need for high tonnage presses and with significant cost or weight advantages over conventional flat plate armor.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method of forming a composite armor panel comprising the steps of:

the first step is as follows: placing the panel as a mould on a trolley to keep the panel stable;

the second step is that: cutting and blanking fiber prepreg according to preset requirements, laying and finishing the fiber prepreg, and attaching the fiber prepreg to a panel;

the third step: placing the airfelt on the fiber prepreg and sealing;

the fourth step: after finishing, connecting a vacuum pump with a vacuum bag, vacuumizing, maintaining the pressure for 30min, and testing the sealing performance of the vacuum bag;

the fifth step: after the tightness test is finished, pushing the frame vehicle into a hot-pressing tank;

and a sixth step: opening a vacuum pump, controlling the reading of a vacuum meter to be between 0 and-0.1, and adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the autoclave tank in three stages step by step to prepare a composite armor plate;

the seventh step: and after the composite armor plate is finished, adjusting the pressure in the tank to normal pressure, closing the heating device of the autoclave, and demolding and taking out the composite armor plate product after the pressure and the temperature in the tank are reduced to normal temperature and normal pressure.

Preferably, the material of the face plate in the first step is a ceramic material or a metallic material or a composite material.

Preferably, the panel in the first step is a shaped boron carbide ceramic panel or a bulletproof steel panel or a shaped silicon carbide ceramic panel or a shaped composite panel.

Preferably, the material of the fiber prepreg in the second step is one or a combination of two or more of a glass fiber prepreg, a carbon fiber prepreg, an aramid fiber prepreg and an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber prepreg.

Preferably, in the sixth step, the first stage is to set the temperature in the tank to be 50-70 ℃ and the pressure to be 3-7MPa, and keep for 15 min; the second stage is to set the temperature in the tank to 70-100 ℃ and the pressure to 7-15MPa, and keep for 15 min; the third stage is to raise the temperature in the autoclave to 100-135 deg.C and the pressure to 15-25MPa, and keep for 30 min.

Preferably, the third step is sealed using a vacuum bag and a sealing tape.

Preferably, the tank body of the autoclave is of an inner sleeve structure and an outer sleeve structure.

Preferably, a heating device and a cooling device are arranged between the inner sleeve structure and the outer sleeve structure of the autoclave body.

Preferably, the cooling device is opened after the heating device is closed in the seventh step.

Has the advantages that:

1. the armor plate forming method combines mature materials with manufacturing technology, and uses panel materials to replace aluminum or steel moulds formed by blank processing as moulds; the method aims to directly integrate the fiber back plate on the bullet-facing plate through the autoclave process, so that the performance of the bullet-facing plate is almost equal to that of a bullet-facing plate prepared by a high-tonnage pressing process.

2. The invention uses the hard panel as the mould, thus obviously reducing the processing and manufacturing period and cost of the mould.

3. The material selection of the fiber prepreg can improve the bonding performance of the back plate material and the panel material, and prevent the peeling problem caused by mismatching of the panel and the back plate due to tooling errors.

4. The composite armor plate forming method can be used for preparing the bulletproof armor plate with a complex shape and/or a large size, reducing the installation weight of the bulletproof armor plate and reducing the overall weight of a protected object (such as a vehicle, a ship, an aircraft and the like).

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

Example 1:

the present embodiments provide a method of forming a composite armor plate that combines mature materials with manufacturing techniques to produce armor composites of complex shape, high curvature and high performance without the need for high tonnage presses and with significant cost or weight advantages over conventional flat plate armor.

The molding method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: placing the special-shaped boron carbide ceramic panel as a mould on a trolley to keep the panel stable;

step two: cutting and blanking ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) UD cloth according to design requirements (determined according to actual engineering requirements), laying and finishing, and attaching to the ceramic panel in the step one;

step three: placing the air-permeable felt on UHMWPE UD cloth, and sealing by using a vacuum bag and a sealing adhesive tape;

step four: after finishing, connecting a vacuum pump with a vacuum bag, vacuumizing, controlling the vacuum degree reading of a vacuum meter to be-0.1, maintaining the pressure for 30min, and testing the sealing performance of the vacuum bag;

step five: completing a tightness test, confirming that a vacuum bag is not damaged, and pushing the frame vehicle into the hot pressing tank after the vacuum degree reading of the vacuum meter is unchanged;

step six: opening a vacuum pump, controlling the vacuum degree reading of a vacuum meter to be-0.1, adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the autoclave, setting the temperature in the autoclave to be 70 ℃ and the pressure to be 5MPa, and keeping for 15min so as to soften UHMWPE UD cloth and promote the vacuum pump to pump out gas in the UD cloth, thereby compacting the UD cloth;

step seven: adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the hot-pressing tank, setting the temperature in the hot-pressing tank to be 90 ℃ and the pressure to be 10MPa, keeping for 15min, gradually increasing the temperature and the pressure, further softening UHMWPE UD cloth, ensuring the flexibility of the UD cloth, improving the fit degree of the UD cloth and the ceramic panel, and promoting the integration of all components of the composite bulletproof armor plate;

step eight: continuously adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the hot-pressing tank, setting the temperature in the hot-pressing tank to be 120 ℃ and the pressure to be 15MPa, keeping for 15min, promoting the resin softening in the UHMWPE UD cloth, improving the resin fluidity, and ensuring that the UHMWPE fibers are fully wrapped by the resin;

step nine: the temperature in the autoclave is raised to 135 ℃, the pressure is raised to 25MPa, and the autoclave is kept for 30min so as to improve the interface performance of the fiber and the resin, reduce the porosity of the back plate and ensure the good mechanical property and the protective property of the fiber back plate;

step ten: adjusting the pressure in the tank to normal pressure, closing the heating device of the autoclave, and demolding and taking out the composite armor plate product after the pressure in the tank is reduced to normal temperature; wherein, the mould is subjected to external pressure during the pressing process for shrinkage deformation, the mould transmits pressure to the raw material, and the shape of the product is determined by the shape of the mould.

Example 2:

the molding method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: placing the special-shaped silicon carbide ceramic panel as a mould on a trolley to keep the panel stable;

step two: cutting and blanking aramid UD cloth according to design requirements (determined according to actual engineering requirements), laying and finishing the aramid UD cloth, and attaching the aramid UD cloth to the ceramic panel in the first step;

step three: placing the air-permeable felt on aramid UD cloth, and sealing by using a vacuum bag and a sealing adhesive tape;

step four: after finishing, connecting a vacuum pump with a vacuum bag, vacuumizing, controlling the vacuum degree reading of a vacuum meter to be-0.1, maintaining the pressure for 30min, and testing the sealing performance of the vacuum bag;

step five: completing a tightness test, confirming that a vacuum bag is not damaged, and pushing the frame vehicle into the hot pressing tank after the vacuum degree reading of the vacuum meter is unchanged;

step six: opening a vacuum pump, controlling the vacuum degree reading of a vacuum meter to be-0.1, adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the autoclave, setting the temperature in the autoclave to be 70 ℃ and the pressure to be 5MPa, and keeping for 15min so as to soften the aramid UD cloth and promote the vacuum pump to pump out the gas in the UD cloth, thereby compacting the UD cloth;

step seven: adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the hot-pressing tank, setting the temperature in the hot-pressing tank to be 85 ℃ and the pressure to be 10MPa, keeping for 15min, gradually increasing the temperature and the pressure, further softening the aramid UD cloth, ensuring the flexibility of the UD cloth, improving the fit degree of the UD cloth and the ceramic panel, and promoting the integration of all components of the composite bulletproof armor plate;

step eight: continuously adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the hot-pressing tank, setting the temperature in the hot-pressing tank to be 90 ℃ and the pressure to be 15MPa, keeping for 15min, promoting the softening of resin in the aramid UD cloth, improving the fluidity of the resin, and ensuring that the aramid fiber is fully wrapped by the resin;

step nine: the temperature in the autoclave is raised to 125 ℃, the pressure is raised to 25MPa, and the autoclave is kept for 30min so as to improve the interface performance of the fiber and the resin, reduce the porosity of the back plate and ensure the good mechanical property and the protective property of the fiber back plate;

step ten: adjusting the pressure in the tank to normal pressure, closing the heating device of the autoclave, and demolding and taking out the composite armor plate product after the pressure in the tank is reduced to normal temperature; wherein, the mould is subjected to external pressure during the pressing process for shrinkage deformation, the mould transmits pressure to the raw material, and the shape of the product is determined by the shape of the mould.

Example 3:

the molding method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: placing the bulletproof steel panel as a mold on a trolley to keep the panel stable;

step two: cutting and blanking ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) UD cloth according to design requirements (determined according to actual engineering requirements), laying and finishing, and attaching to the bulletproof steel panel in the step one;

step three: placing the air-permeable felt on UHMWPE UD cloth, and sealing by using a vacuum bag and a sealing adhesive tape;

step four: after finishing, connecting a vacuum pump with a vacuum bag, vacuumizing, controlling the vacuum degree reading of a vacuum meter to be-0.1, maintaining the pressure for 30min, and testing the sealing performance of the vacuum bag;

step five: completing a tightness test, confirming that a vacuum bag is not damaged, and pushing the frame vehicle into the hot pressing tank after the vacuum degree reading of the vacuum meter is unchanged;

step six: opening a vacuum pump, controlling the vacuum degree reading of a vacuum meter to be-0.1, adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the autoclave, setting the temperature in the autoclave to be 70 ℃ and the pressure to be 5MPa, and keeping for 15min so as to soften UHMWPE UD cloth and promote the vacuum pump to pump out gas in the UD cloth, thereby compacting the UD cloth;

step seven: adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the hot-pressing tank, setting the temperature in the hot-pressing tank to be 90 ℃ and the pressure to be 10MPa, keeping for 15min, gradually increasing the temperature and the pressure, further softening UHMWPE UD cloth, ensuring the flexibility of the UD cloth, improving the joint degree of the UD cloth and the bulletproof steel panel, and promoting the integration of all components of the composite bulletproof armor plate;

step eight: continuously adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the hot-pressing tank, setting the temperature in the hot-pressing tank to be 120 ℃ and the pressure to be 15MPa, keeping for 15min, promoting the resin softening in the UHMWPE UD cloth, improving the resin fluidity, and ensuring that the UHMWPE fibers are fully wrapped by the resin;

step nine: the temperature in the autoclave is raised to 135 ℃, the pressure is raised to 25MPa, and the autoclave is kept for 30min so as to improve the interface performance of the fiber and the resin, reduce the porosity of the back plate and ensure the good mechanical property and the protective property of the fiber back plate;

step ten: adjusting the pressure in the tank to normal pressure, closing the heating device of the autoclave, and demolding and taking out the composite armor plate product after the pressure in the tank is reduced to normal temperature; wherein, the mould is subjected to external pressure during the pressing process for shrinkage deformation, the mould transmits pressure to the raw material, and the shape of the product is determined by the shape of the mould.

Example 4:

the molding method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: placing the composite material panel as a mould on a trolley to keep the panel stable;

step two: cutting carbon fiber prepreg, aramid fiber prepreg and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) UD cloth according to design requirements (determined according to actual engineering requirements), laying and finishing the cut materials in sequence, and attaching the laid materials to the composite panel in the step one;

step three: placing the air-permeable felt on the UHMWPE UD cloth at the outermost layer, and sealing by using a vacuum bag and a sealing adhesive tape;

step four: after finishing, connecting a vacuum pump with a vacuum bag, vacuumizing, controlling the vacuum degree reading of a vacuum meter to be-0.1, maintaining the pressure for 30min, and testing the sealing performance of the vacuum bag;

step five: completing a tightness test, confirming that a vacuum bag is not damaged, and pushing the frame vehicle into the hot pressing tank after the vacuum degree reading of the vacuum meter is unchanged;

step six: opening a vacuum pump, controlling the vacuum degree reading of a vacuum meter to be-0.1, adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the autoclave, setting the temperature in the autoclave to be 80 ℃ and the pressure to be 3MPa, and keeping for 15min so as to soften each laminated fiber cloth and promote the vacuum pump to pump out gas in each laminated cloth, thereby compacting the UD cloth;

step seven: adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the hot-pressing tank, setting the temperature in the hot-pressing tank to be 90 ℃ and the pressure to be 8MPa, keeping the temperature for 15min, then boosting the pressure to 10MPa, maintaining the pressure for 10min, gradually increasing the temperature and the pressure, further softening each layer of fiber cloth, ensuring the flexibility of lamination, improving the laminating degree of the lamination cloth and the composite material panel, and promoting the integration of all components of the composite bulletproof armor plate;

step eight: continuously adjusting the temperature and pressure in the hot-pressing tank, setting the temperature in the hot-pressing tank to be 120 ℃ and the pressure to be 15MPa, keeping for 15min, promoting the softening of resin in each laminated cloth, improving the fluidity of the resin and ensuring that the fibers are fully wrapped by the resin;

step nine: the temperature in the autoclave is raised to 135 ℃, the pressure is raised to 25MPa, and the autoclave is kept for 30min so as to improve the interface performance of the fiber and the resin, reduce the porosity of the back plate and ensure the good mechanical property and the protective property of the fiber back plate;

step ten: adjusting the pressure in the tank to normal pressure, closing the heating device of the autoclave, and demolding and taking out the composite armor plate product after the pressure in the tank is reduced to normal temperature; wherein, the mould is subjected to external pressure during the pressing process for shrinkage deformation, the mould transmits pressure to the raw material, and the shape of the product is determined by the shape of the mould.

Example 5:

on the basis of the embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, in the step ten, after the heating device of the autoclave is closed, the cooling device can be opened, the autoclave body is of an inner sleeve structure and an outer sleeve structure, and the heating device and the cooling device are arranged between the inner sleeve structure and the outer sleeve structure of the autoclave body.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.