阅读说明：本技术 一种用于离轴反射式光学系统的调整方法及装置 (Adjusting method and device for off-axis reflective optical system ) 是由 苏春轩 樊新龙 赖柏衡 赵旺 杨康建 于 2020-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于离轴反射式光学系统的调整方法及装置,使用由四片平面反射镜组成的间隔调节装置即可实现离轴反射式光学系统光路的简单、快速调整。对于由两块离轴抛物面反射镜组成的望远镜系统,该装置主要由光源,光阑,主镜,间隔调节装置,次镜,出瞳组成,剪切板和观察面组成。间隔调节装置的一种简易实现方式是由四片平面反射镜以及支架和导轨,其中第一平面反射镜与第二平面反射镜保持平行,第三平面反射镜和第四平面反射镜保持平行。四片平面反射镜通过支架安装在导轨上并可移动。本发明中所用的调节装置结构简单、调整方便,可以解决离轴反射式光学系统光路调整繁杂、困难的问题,有望应用于各种需要进行调整的离轴光学系统中。(The invention discloses an adjusting method and device for an off-axis reflective optical system, which can realize simple and rapid adjustment of an optical path of the off-axis reflective optical system by using an interval adjusting device consisting of four plane reflectors. For a telescope system consisting of two off-axis parabolic reflectors, the device mainly comprises a light source, a diaphragm, a primary mirror, an interval adjusting device, a secondary mirror, an exit pupil, a shear plate and an observation surface. A simple implementation of the spacing adjustment device is made up of four plane mirrors, a bracket and a guide rail, wherein the first plane mirror is parallel to the second plane mirror, and the third plane mirror is parallel to the fourth plane mirror. The four plane reflectors are arranged on the guide rail through a bracket and can move. The adjusting device used in the invention has simple structure and convenient adjustment, can solve the problems of complicated and difficult adjustment of the optical path of the off-axis reflective optical system, and is expected to be applied to various off-axis optical systems needing to be adjusted.)

1. An adjustment method for an off-axis reflective optical system, comprising: the device utilized by the method comprises a telescope system and an interval adjusting device, wherein the telescope system consists of two off-axis parabolic reflectors, light beams emitted by a light source (1) pass through the telescope system and are reflected by a shear plate (7) and then are projected on an observation surface (8) to obtain interference fringes, the parallelism of the emergent light beams can be checked according to the interference fringes, and the interval adjusting device (4) is adjusted by taking the interference fringes as a reference to ensure that the interference fringes on the observation surface (8) are distributed in a specific form, so that the adjustment of the light path can be realized, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

step (1): adjusting and overlapping the optical axes of the primary mirror (3) and the secondary mirror (5), fixing the positions of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, placing the interval adjusting device (4) in the optical path between the primary mirror (3) and the secondary mirror (5), and adjusting the optical axes of the primary mirror (3) and the secondary mirror (5) to penetrate through the centers of all plane emission mirrors in the interval adjusting device (4);

step (2): introducing light beams emitted by a light source (1) into a telescope system through a diaphragm (2), finally, emitting the light beams from an exit pupil (6), placing a shear plate (7) behind the exit pupil (6), and projecting the light beams reflected by the shear plate (7) on an observation surface (8);

and (3): the interval between the primary mirror (3) and the secondary mirror (5) is adjusted by using an interval adjusting device (4), and when the included angle theta between interference fringes presented on the observation surface (8) and the horizontal direction reaches a preset value theta_sAnd then, finishing the adjustment of the light path.

2. An adjustment method for an off-axis reflective optical system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the light beam emitted by the light source (1) can be adjusted to be a light beam with any wave front curvature as required, and when the light beam emitted by the light source (1) is parallel light, the light beam is directly reflected by the shear plate (7), and the included angle between the obtained interference fringe and the horizontal direction is 0 degree.

3. An adjustment method for an off-axis reflective optical system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the relationship between the beam curvature radius r and the interference fringe deflection angle θ is shown in formula (1):

r＝(S·)/(λ·sinθ) (1)

where S is the shearing amount of the shear plate, the interference fringe spacing, λ is the beam wavelength, and when θ is 0 °, r is ∞, it means that the wavefront is a plane wave.

4. An adjustment method for an off-axis reflective optical system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the movement mode of the four plane reflecting mirrors of the interval adjusting device (4) on the guide rail (14) can be manually adjusted or can be driven by a motor.

5. An adjustment method for an off-axis reflective optical system as defined in claim 1, wherein: in the interval adjusting device (4), a first plane mirror (9) is parallel to a second plane mirror (11), a third plane mirror (10) is parallel to a fourth plane mirror (12), and the second plane mirror (11) is perpendicular to the fourth plane mirror (12).

6. An adjustment method for an off-axis reflective optical system as defined in claim 1, wherein: the observation surface (8) may be a white board or a white paper, or may be a device capable of observing an image such as a camera.

7. An adjustment device for an off-axis reflective optical system, comprising: the apparatus is used in the tuning method for an off-axis reflective optical system as claimed in claim 1.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of off-axis reflective optical systems, in particular to an adjusting method and device for an off-axis reflective optical system, which can be used for quickly and accurately adjusting a light path of the off-axis reflective optical system.

Background

The off-axis reflective optical system has the characteristics of wide working wavelength band, small optical energy loss, no chromatic aberration and the like, and can meet the requirements of some optical systems on no obscuration, thereby being widely applied.

The existing common method for adjusting the optical path of the off-axis reflective optical system needs to design a complex adjusting device for the off-axis reflector and control the off-axis reflector to realize multi-dimensional adjustment. The complicated adjusting device not only increases the complexity of the optical system, but also increases the instability of the optical system, and has a large workload and a high requirement on the assembly technology.

Therefore, how to ensure the rapidity, accuracy and simplicity of adjustment while adjusting the optical path of the off-axis reflective optical system is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an adjusting device and method for an off-axis reflective optical system, aiming at solving the problems of large workload and low accuracy in the adjustment of an optical path of the off-axis reflective optical system and overcoming the defects of the prior art. The adjusting device used by the method is simple in structure and convenient to adjust, and can realize quick, accurate and simple adjustment of the optical path of the off-axis reflective optical system.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for regulating off-axis reflecting optical system includes forming telescope system by two off-axis paraboloidal reflectors and interval regulator, forming optical structure of telescope system by diaphragm, primary mirror, secondary mirror and exit pupil, projecting light beam from light source to observation surface after reflected by shearing plate after passing through telescope system to obtain interference fringe, testing parallelism of emergent light beam by interference fringe, using it as reference to regulate interval regulator to make interference fringe on observation surface be distributed in specific form so as to realize regulation of light path. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

step (1): adjusting and overlapping the optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, fixing the positions of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, placing the interval adjusting device in the optical path between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror, and adjusting the optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror to penetrate through the centers of the plane reflecting mirrors in the interval adjusting device;

step (2): introducing light beams emitted by a light source into the telescope system through a diaphragm, and finally, emitting the light beams from an exit pupil, placing a shear plate behind the exit pupil, and projecting the light beams reflected by the shear plate on an observation surface;

and (3): adjusting the interval between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror by using an interval adjusting device, and when the included angle theta between the interference fringes and the horizontal direction at the observation surface reaches a preset value theta_sAnd then, finishing the adjustment of the light path.

The interval adjusting device is placed in a light path between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror in the telescope system, the optical axes of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror need to be ensured to be coincident before the interval adjusting device is placed, and meanwhile, the distance between the vertex of the primary mirror and the vertex of the secondary mirror is smaller than the sum of the focal lengths of the two mirrors.

The moving mode of the four plane mirrors on the guide rail can be manually adjusted or can be driven by a motor.

In the interval adjusting device, the four plane reflectors are divided into two groups, the groups are perpendicular to each other, and the two plane reflectors in each group are parallel to each other.

The light beam emitted by the light source can be adjusted to be a light beam with any wave front curvature as required, and when the light beam emitted by the light source is parallel light, the light beam is directly reflected by the shear plate, and the included angle between the obtained interference fringe and the horizontal direction is 0 degree. The observation surface may be a white board or a white paper, or may be a device such as a camera that can observe images. The relationship between the beam curvature radius r and the interference fringe deflection angle θ is shown in formula (1):

r＝(S·)/(λ·sinθ) (1)

where S is the shearing amount of the shear plate, the interference fringe spacing, λ is the beam wavelength, and when θ is 0 °, r is ∞, it means that the wavefront is a plane wave.

An adjusting device for an off-axis reflective optical system is used in the adjusting method for the off-axis reflective optical system.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: compared with the existing adjusting method for adjusting the optical path of the off-axis reflective optical system, the method provided by the invention is convenient to adjust, does not need to design a complex mechanical adjusting structure, reduces the assembly difficulty, reduces the workload, does not influence the stability of the optical system, and has great significance for improving the rapidity, the accuracy and the simplicity of the optical path adjustment of the off-axis reflective optical system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a telescope system and a simple implementation of a spacing adjustment device;

FIG. 2 is a view of the optical structure of the telescope system;

FIG. 3 is an optical structural view of a spacing adjustment apparatus;

FIG. 4 shows interference fringes obtained after parallel light is directly reflected by a shear plate;

FIG. 5 shows interference fringes obtained after parallel light passes through a telescope system with non-coincident primary and secondary mirror focuses.

The reference numbers in the figures mean: the device comprises a light source 1, a diaphragm 2, a primary mirror 3, a secondary mirror 5, an interval adjusting device 4, an exit pupil 6, a shear plate 7, an observation plane 8, a first plane reflector 9, a third plane reflector 10, a second plane reflector 11, a fourth plane reflector 12, a support 13 and a guide rail 14.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.