阅读说明：本技术 一种防水透气水泥基聚合物防水砂浆及其制备方法 (Waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar and preparation method thereof ) 是由 李晴龙 李宏伟 田益 于 2020-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种防水透气水泥基聚合物防水砂浆及其制备方法,属于水泥基聚合物防水砂浆的领域。本发明是由液料和粉料组成：所述液料包括重量份的以下组分：硅丙乳液60～70份,分散剂0.6～1份,消泡剂Ⅰ0.2～0.5份,防腐剂0.1～0.3份,成膜助剂2～5份、水Ⅰ0～30份；所述粉料组分按质量份包括：水泥42～48份,石英粉40～45份,粉煤灰10～15份,憎水剂0.5～1份,消泡剂Ⅱ0.3～0.6份,抗裂纤维0.2～0.4份,减水剂0.5～1份,保水剂0.1～0.3份。本发明首先利用硅丙乳液中Si-O键上环绕的甲基向外排列并旋转,使得该砂浆具有良好的防水透气性；二是选用粉煤灰,比表面积较大,具有多孔结构,再通过合理的级配并引入憎水性颗粒等,预留防水砂浆足够的微孔结果,以使水分子透过,使得该砂浆具有良好的防水透气性。(The invention relates to waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of cement-based polymer waterproof mortar. The invention is composed of liquid material and powder material: the liquid material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 0.6-1 part of dispersing agent, 0.2-0.5 part of defoaming agent I, 0.1-0.3 part of preservative, 2-5 parts of film-forming assistant and 0-30 parts of water I; the powder comprises the following components in parts by mass: 42-48 parts of cement, 40-45 parts of quartz powder, 10-15 parts of fly ash, 0.5-1 part of a water repellent, 0.3-0.6 part of a defoaming agent II, 0.2-0.4 part of anti-cracking fiber, 0.5-1 part of a water reducing agent and 0.1-0.3 part of a water retaining agent. According to the invention, methyl groups surrounding Si-O bonds in the silicone-acrylic emulsion are arranged outwards and rotate, so that the mortar has good waterproof and air permeability; and secondly, the fly ash with large specific surface area and a porous structure is selected, and sufficient micropore results of the waterproof mortar are reserved by reasonable gradation, hydrophobic particles and the like are introduced, so that water molecules can penetrate through the waterproof mortar, and the mortar has good waterproof and air permeability.)

1. The waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar is characterized by consisting of liquid materials and powder materials;

the liquid material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 0.6-1 part of dispersing agent, 0.2-0.5 part of defoaming agent I, 0.1-0.3 part of preservative, 2-5 parts of film-forming assistant and 0-30 parts of water I;

the powder comprises the following components in parts by mass: 42-48 parts of cement, 40-45 parts of quartz powder, 10-15 parts of fly ash, 0.5-1 part of a water repellent, 0.3-0.6 part of a defoaming agent II, 0.2-0.4 part of anti-cracking fiber, 0.5-1 part of a water reducing agent and 0.1-0.3 part of a water retaining agent.

2. The waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar of claim 1, wherein the silicone-acrylic emulsion is a silicone-acrylic emulsion having a hard core-soft shell structure prepared by an emulsion polymerization method by using an organosilicon monomer and an acrylic polymer monomer as raw materials and adding an anionic and nonionic mixed polymerizable emulsifier and an initiator.

3. The waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar of claim 2, wherein the anionic and nonionic mixed polymerizable emulsifier is a mixture of ammonium allyloxy nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and allyloxy nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.

4. The waterproof breathable cementitious polymer waterproof mortar of claim 2 wherein the acrylic polymer monomer is one or a combination of butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate or hydroxypropyl acrylate.

5. The waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar of claim 2, wherein the silicone monomer is one of vinyl triisopropoxysilane or gamma-methylpropanoyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

6. The waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar of claim 2, wherein the initiator is ammonium persulfate.

7. The waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar of claim 1, wherein the fly ash is class I fly ash meeting GB/T1596-2017 standards.

8. The waterproof breathable cementitious polymer waterproof mortar of claim 1 wherein the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate P30; the defoaming agent I is FoamStar ST 2438; the preservative is Lanxess D7; the film-forming auxiliary agent is Texanol; the quartz powder is one or a combination of 50-100 meshes of quartz powder or 70-140 meshes of quartz powder; the water repellent is one of Dow Corning SHP50 and Yilaitai SEAL 80; the anti-crack fiber is one of 3mm polypropylene fiber and wood fiber; the defoaming agent II is one of P803 and DEFORMEX AP 199.

9. A preparation method of waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

(1) preparing a liquid material: adding the silicone-acrylate emulsion, the dispersing agent, the defoaming agent I, the preservative, the film forming additive and the water I into a reactor, controlling the rotating speed to be 300-500 r/min, and stirring for 20-30 min to obtain a liquid material;

(2) preparing powder: adding cement, quartz powder, fly ash, a water repellent, a defoaming agent II, anti-cracking fibers, a water reducing agent and a water-retaining agent into a reaction kettle, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain powder.

10. The method for preparing waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar of claim 9, wherein the silicone-acrylic emulsion in the step (1) is prepared by:

a. adding an anionic/nonionic polymerizable emulsifier with the total amount of water II and 1/3 into a reactor, uniformly stirring, slowly adding an acrylic polymer monomer with the total amount of 1/3, stirring, heating to 50 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30min to obtain a stable pre-emulsion;

b. adding a pH regulator into the pre-emulsion to regulate the pH value of the pre-emulsion to 7.5 +/-0.1, heating to 80 ℃, then dropwise adding a solution prepared from 1/3 total amount of initiator-water III, and reacting for 30-40 min to obtain a seed emulsion;

c. and (3) dropwise adding the solution prepared by the rest of the acrylic polymer monomer, the organic silicon monomer, the anion and nonionic mixed polymerizable emulsifier and the initiator-water III into the reactor in sequence, ensuring that the dropwise addition is finished within 2-3 h, continuously carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-3 h, adjusting the pH value to 7.5 +/-0.1 by using a pH regulator after the reaction is finished, and reducing the pH value to 20-30 ℃ to obtain the silicone-acrylic emulsion.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of cement-based polymer waterproof mortar, and particularly relates to waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The house has a wet migration (also called vapor permeation) phenomenon during the use process. The main reason for this phenomenon is that the temperature difference exists inside and outside the house, especially in the northern heating season, the pressure difference of water vapor molecules from indoor to outdoor exists, and the water vapor molecules can permeate and diffuse from the high pressure side to the low pressure side. If the materials are selected improperly, the selected non-waterproof breathable coating has low water vapor permeability, particularly the elastic coating and the like can form larger vapor permeation resistance to the moisture migration of water vapor to cause that water vapor cannot permeate, when the temperature of a certain cold area inside and outside reaches or is lower than a dew point, condensation and moisture absorption possibly occur in the structure and a heat preservation system to increase the moisture content, so that the phenomena of softening, strength reduction, foaming, mildew, cracking and the like of the materials can be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that the mortar does not have waterproof and air-permeable functions in the prior art, the invention provides waterproof and air-permeable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem. The invention makes use of the siloxane molecular structure in the silicone-acrylate emulsion to be spiral, the methyl groups surrounded on the Si-O bond are arranged outwards and rotate, and the molecular volume is large, the cohesive energy is low, so that the mortar has good waterproof and air permeability; and secondly, the fly ash is selected, the microstructure of the fly ash is in a porous honeycomb structure, the specific surface area is large, the fly ash has a porous structure, sufficient micropore results of the waterproof mortar are reserved through reasonable gradation, hydrophobic particles and the like are introduced, so that water molecules penetrate through the waterproof mortar, namely, external water cannot penetrate into the waterproof mortar, internal water vapor can be freely discharged, and the waterproof mortar has good waterproof and air permeability.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar consists of a liquid material and a powder material;

the liquid material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 0.6-1 part of dispersing agent, 0.2-0.5 part of defoaming agent I, 0.1-0.3 part of preservative, 2-5 parts of film-forming assistant and 0-30 parts of water I;

the powder comprises the following components in parts by mass: 42-48 parts of cement, 40-45 parts of quartz powder, 10-15 parts of fly ash, 0.5-1 part of a water repellent, 0.3-0.6 part of a defoaming agent II, 0.2-0.4 part of anti-cracking fiber, 0.5-1 part of a water reducing agent and 0.1-0.3 part of a water retaining agent.

Preferably, the silicone-acrylate emulsion is a silicone-acrylate emulsion with a hard core-soft shell structure, which is prepared by taking an organic silicon monomer and an acrylic polymer monomer as raw materials, adding an anion and nonionic mixed polymerizable emulsifier and an initiator, and performing an emulsion polymerization method.

Preferably, the anionic and nonionic mixed type polymerizable emulsifier is a mixture of allyloxy nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate and allyloxy nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether. The molecular structure of the polymerizable emulsifier contains hydrophilic and oleophilic emulsifying groups and double bonds participating in polymerization, so that the emulsifier molecules can be bonded to the main chain of the polymer, and the micromolecule emulsifier is prevented from migrating to the surface to influence the water resistance, the storage stability and the like.

Preferably, the acrylic polymer monomer is one or a combination of butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl acrylate.

Preferably, the organosilicon monomer is one of vinyl triisopropoxysilane or gamma-methylpropanoyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

Preferably, the initiator is ammonium persulfate.

Preferably, the dispersant is a polyacrylic acid sodium salt P30.

Preferably, the defoamer I is FoamStar ST 2438.

Preferably, the preservative is Lanxess D7.

Preferably, the coalescing agent is eastman Texanol.

Preferably, the quartz powder is one or a combination of 50-100 meshes of quartz powder and 70-140 meshes of quartz powder.

Preferably, the fly ash is class I fly ash meeting GB/T1596-2017 standard. The fly ash has the advantages of improving the workability of mortar, and the unique porous honeycomb structure of the fly ash enables the prepared mortar to have good air permeability.

Preferably, the water repellent is one of Dow Corning SHP50 and Yilaitai SEAL 80.

Preferably, the anti-crack fiber is one of 3mm polypropylene fiber and wood fiber.

Preferably, the defoamer II is one of P803 and DEFORMEX AP 199.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar, which comprises the following specific steps:

(1) preparing a liquid material: adding the silicone-acrylate emulsion, the dispersing agent, the defoaming agent I, the preservative, the film forming additive and the water I into a reactor, controlling the rotating speed to be 300-500 r/min, and stirring for 20-30 min to obtain a liquid material;

(2) preparing powder: adding cement, quartz powder, fly ash, a water repellent, a defoaming agent II, anti-cracking fibers, a water reducing agent and a water-retaining agent into a reaction kettle, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain powder;

(3) the using method comprises the following steps: mixing liquid components and powder components in a mass ratio of 1: 3-4, and uniformly mixing and stirring for use.

Preferably, the preparation method of the silicone-acrylic emulsion in the step (1) comprises the following steps:

a. adding an anionic/nonionic polymerizable emulsifier with the total amount of water II and 1/3 into a reactor, uniformly stirring, slowly adding an acrylic polymer monomer with the total amount of 1/3, stirring, heating to 50 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 30min to obtain a stable pre-emulsion;

b. adding a pH regulator into the pre-emulsion to regulate the pH value of the pre-emulsion to 7.5 +/-0.1, heating to 80 ℃, then dropwise adding a solution prepared from 1/3 total amount of initiator-water III, and reacting for 30-40 min to obtain a seed emulsion;

c. and (3) dropwise adding the solution prepared by the rest of the acrylic polymer monomer, the organic silicon monomer, the anion and nonionic mixed polymerizable emulsifier and the initiator-water III into the reactor in sequence, ensuring that the dropwise addition is finished within 2-3 h, continuously carrying out heat preservation reaction for 2-3 h, adjusting the pH value to 7.5 +/-0.1 by using a pH regulator after the reaction is finished, and reducing the pH value to 20-30 ℃ to obtain the silicone-acrylic emulsion.

Preferably, the pH adjusting agent is Dow AMP-95.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the silicone-acrylate emulsion prepared by the invention selects a polymerizable emulsifier, the molecular structure of which contains hydrophilic and oleophilic emulsifying groups and double bonds participating in polymerization, so that the molecules of the emulsifier are bonded to the main chain of a polymer, and the micromolecule emulsifier is prevented from migrating to the surface, thereby improving the water resistance, the storage stability and the like of the emulsion; the fly ash selected in the preparation of the powder is combined, the microstructure is a porous honeycomb structure, the specific surface area is large, the porous structure is provided, sufficient micropore results of the waterproof mortar are reserved through reasonable gradation and introduction of hydrophobic particles and the like, so that water molecules penetrate through the waterproof mortar, namely, external water cannot penetrate through the waterproof mortar, internal water vapor can be freely discharged, and the waterproof mortar has good waterproof and air permeability.

(2) The silicone-acrylic emulsion is prepared by taking organic silicon and acrylic polymer monomers as raw materials, preparing the silicone-acrylic emulsion with a hard core-soft shell structure by an emulsion polymerization method, and mixing the silicone-acrylic emulsion with a defoaming agent, a dispersing agent, a preservative, a film-forming assistant and water; the powder material is prepared by taking cement, quartz powder and fly ash as main materials and uniformly mixing the main materials with a water repellent, a defoaming agent, a water reducing agent, anti-cracking fibers and a water-retaining agent. And uniformly mixing the liquid material and the powder material according to a reasonable proportion to obtain the waterproof breathable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar. The liquid material prepared by the invention has unique waterproofness and air permeability, and the powder material reserves enough micropore results of the waterproof mortar through reasonable gradation and introduced air permeable hydrophobic particles, so that water molecules penetrate, namely external water cannot penetrate, and internal water vapor can be freely discharged, thereby preparing the waterproof air permeable cement-based polymer waterproof mortar with good air permeability and good waterproof effect.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.